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In this paper, the newly proposed designed antenna with low profile has overcome physical problems of the existing antenna for the aircraft or vehicles, and have performance suitable for wideband characteristics. The proposed antenna was designed with a half-wavelength hemispherical structure by applying the self-complementary principle and image theory. The size of antenna is 400 mm(diameter) × 200 mm(height). As a result, and the radiation patterns are similar to monopole antenna. Next, the structure of a redesigned rectangular a half-wavelength loop antenna for easy of fabrication. This antenna has a size of 196 mm(width) × 156.3 mm(height) × 158.7 mm(length). The radiation patterns are similar to the monopole antenna of a half-wavelength hemispherical structure. Finally, we newly proposed a low-profile wideband antenna to ensure a low-profile structure, while retaining the wideband characteristics. The low-profile wideband antenna has a size of 315 mm (width) × 110 mm(height) × 295 mm(length). The radiation patterns of the antenna are similar to those described earlier. Therefore, it is a new type of low profile and ultra wide band(100:1) antenna suitable for mounting the aircraft or vehicles.

Recently, as the market for SMART TV expands, the camera is embedded for providing various user experience. However, this leads to occurrence of camera failure due to TV power up sequence problem, which are usually not detectable in conventional test equipments. Although the failure-detection can be possible by re-generating control signals for audio interface with new equipment, it is expensive and also requires much time to test. In this paper, for SMART TV, FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)-based failure-detection system is proposed which can lead to reduction of both cost and time for test.

This paper describes the development of DSSS wireless communication uplink system for missile remote control. In consideration of low probability of intercept, low probability of exploitation, anti-jam, low latency, and doppler frequency offset, we used DSSS partially DBPSK. Also we used the selective diversity with two receiving antennas to mitigate multipath interference which is the dominant channel impairment and the turbo product code(TPC) for forward error correction(FEC) to improve bit error rate performance.

This paper describes the development of the telemetry link system for the high data rate transmission in high speed rocket application. In consideration of bandwidth efficiency, frequency selective fading and doppler frequency offset, we used DQPSK instead of PCM/FM which has been the primary modulation format in aeronautical telemetry. Also we used the spatial diversity with multiple receiving antennas to mitigate multipath interference which is the dominant channel impairment and the Turbo Product Code for Forward Error Correction to improve bit error rate performance.

This paper presents the signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR) estimation of IEEE 802.16m WirelessMAN-Advanced mobile station with simulation and implementation results. The downlink signal of IEEE 802.16m has two kinds of A-Preambles: the PA-preamble and the SA-preamble. This paper proposes the efficient method of estimating SINR with A-Preambles, by measuring noise power from PA-preamble and measuring interference power and signal power from SA-preamble. The proposed SINR measurement block contains important features such as subcarrier phase rotation elimination and simplified dB transform. The result of this paper is integrated to ETRI's IEEE 802.16m test mobile station, used for decision of adaptive-modulation-and-coding (AMC) and hand-over. It showed good measurement performance in simulation and unified system link test also.

A passive infrared or pyroelectric infrared (PIR) sensor is mainly used to sense the existence of moving objects in an indoor environment. However, in an outdoor environment, there are often outbreaks of false alarms from environmental changes and other sources. Therefore, it is difficult to provide reliable detection outdoors. In this paper, two algorithms are proposed to reduce false alarms and provide trustworthy quality to surveillance systems. We gather PIR signals outdoors, analyze the collected data, and extract the target features defined as window energy and alarm duration. Using these features, we model target and false alarms, from which we propose two target decision algorithms: window energy detection and alarm duration detection. Simulation results using real PIR signals show the performance of the proposed algorithms.

We propose a flow admission control (FAC) for setting up a wire-speed connection for new flows based on their negotiated bandwidth. It also terminates a flow that does not have a packet transmitted within a certain period determined by the users. The FAC can be used to provide a reliable transmission of user datagram and transmission control protocol applications. If the period of flows can be set to a short time period, we can monitor active flows that carry a packet over networks during the flow period. Such powerful flow management can also be applied to security systems to detect a denial-of-service attack. We implement a network processor called a flow management network processor (FMNP), which is the second generation of the device that supports FAC. It has forty reduced instruction set computer core processors optimized for packet processing. It is fabricated in 65-nm CMOS technology and has a 40-Gbps process performance. We prove that a flow router equipped with an FMNP is better than legacy systems in terms of throughput and packet loss.

As broadcasting environments change rapidly to digital, user requirements for next-generation broadcasting service which surpass current HDTV service become bigger and bigger. The next-generation broadcasting service progress from 2D to 3D, from HD to UHD and from 5.1ch audio to more than 10ch audio for high quality realistic broadcasting service. In this paper, we propose 10.2ch based multichannel audio reproduction system for UHDTV. The 10.2ch-based audio reproduction system add two side loudspeakers to enhance the surround sound localization effect and add two height and one ceiling loudspeakers to enhance the elevation localization effect. To evaluate the proposed system, we used APM(Auditory Process Model) for objective localization test and conducted subjective localization test. As a result of objective/subjective localization test, the proposed system shows the statistically same performance compare with 22.2ch audio system and shows the significantly better performance compared with 5.1ch audio system.

We propose a network processor called an OmniFlow processor capable of wire-speed flow management by a hardware-based flow admission control(FAC) in this paper. Because the OmniFlow processor can set up and release a wire-speed connection for flows, the update period of flows can be set to a short time, and only active flows can be effectively managed by terminating a flow that does not have a packet transmitted within this period. Therefore, the FAC can be used to provide a reliable transmission of UDP as well as TCP applications. This processor is fabricated in 65nm CMOS technology, and total gate count is 25 million. It has 40 Gb/s throughput performance in using the 32 RISC cores when maximum operating frequency is 555MHz.

In this paper, the performance analysis of telemetering method using delayed frame time diversity (DFTD) as the outer code and Reed-Solomon (RS) code as the inner code is described. DFTD is used to transmit a real-time frame together with a time-delayed frame which was saved in the memory during a defined period. The RS code as a kind of FEC (forward error correction) is serially concatenated with DFTD. This method was applied to the design of telemetry units that have been used for flight tests in a communication environment with deep fading. The data of the flight test for four cases with no applied code, with DFTD only, with the RS code only, and with both DFTD and the RS code are used to analyze the performance. The simulation for time-delay suggests the possibility that all frame errors can be removed. And the results of 12 flight tests show the performance superiority of this new method to compare with the RS code only.

This paper describes the development of pulse code modulation(PCM) data recorder with design, implementation and environmental test. PCM serial data that diverged from telemetry encoder output is used as the input and is reformed to parallel signal through FPGA processing. Controllers construct the packet by the sector and record it into non-volatile memory. Compact flash(CF) memory for data storage media, USB interface for data downloading, and a software for operating status diagnosis and file format conversion are used.

In this paper, a new frequency offset estimation method in OFDM system is suggested. To measure fractional part of frequency offset, the repetition feature of cyclic prefix and that of training sequence is adopted. Both method shows relatively large frequency offset estimation error under low SNR circumstances, but this error can be greatly reduced by joint measurement of cyclic prefix and inversely repeated training symbol such as primary advanced preamble (PA-preamble) of IEEE 802.16m IMT-Advanced WiMax system. In this paper, the performance of suggested frequency offset estimation method is verified in IEEE 802.16m IMT Advanced WiMax system, using its PA-preamble and cyclic prefixes of A-preambles.

This paper proposes a telemetering method that transmits the real-time data together with the time-delayed data and that merges both data after flight test. The method can minimize the error data which occur in the communication environment affected by the multipath fading and transmit antenna pattern when telemetry data are received during the flight test. This method was applied to the design of the telemetry unit and the development of data merging program. By merging the resulting data of flight test and analyzing synchronization errors, its efficiency for the telemetry link is verified.

A bistatic radar using the pulse chasing can detect a target to track successive transmitted pulses using a receive beam for effectively scanning the cosite search area. When tracking a transmitted pulse with the receive beam, some beam pointing errors within pulse-to-pulse can cause the timing error in received pulse and the variation of the signal strength. In this paper, we have proposed that some errors due to the receive beam pointing error could limit the MTI filter`s performance and derived that the relationship between the MTI performance and the geometric factors which are the inherent properties in bistatic configuration. Through the simulation, we have considered the limitations of the improvement performance restricted by the receiving beam pointing error and confirmed the contribution to the performance improvement in maintaining the receiving beam pointing error of under 0.5 degrees.

It is rather difficult to improve flight control computer(FLCC) hardware(H/W) development schedule due to lack of commercial off-the-self(COTS) tools or target specific tools. Thus, it is suggested to develop an enhanced process utilizing modeling, simulation and virtual reality tools. This paper presents H/W design process enhancement tool(PET) for FLCC design requirements such as FLCC input/output(I/O) signal flow, I/O fault detection, failure management algorithm, circuit logic, PCB assembly configuration and installation utilizing simulation and visualization in virtual space. New tool will provide simulation capability of various FLCC design configuration including shop replaceable unit(SRU) level assembly/dis-assembly utilizing open flight format 3-D modeling data

In electronic warfare support systems, the analysis of PRI (Pulse Repetition Interval) modulation characteristics for a radar pulse signal has attracted much interest because of the problem of the identification ambiguity in dense electronic warfare signal environments. A new method of recognizing the PRI modulation type of a radar pulse signal is proposed for electronic warfare support. The proposed method recognizes the PRI modulation types using classifiers based on the property of the autocorrelation of the PRI sequences for each PRI modulation type. In addition, the proposed method estimates the PRI modulation period for the PRI modulation type with the periodicity. Simulation results are presented to show the performance of the proposed method.

A two-stage gain-clamped erbium doped fiber amplifier (GC-EDFA) using a pump laser diode and a 16 channel wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) with 0.8 nm spacing in C band of $1,545{\sim}1,560nm$ wavelength is experimentally demonstrated for a burst packet mode optical switching system.

The KO-1 aircraft which has the functionality of tactical observation, was successfully developed in August of 2004 in South Korea. It is important for the KO-1 aircraft to achieve successful missions at nighttime as well as during daytime. The aircraft, equipped with interior and exterior lighting systems and lighting control panel modified from those of the KT-1 basic trainer, provides improved safety, operational effectiveness, and situational awareness during operation at night when used with night-vision goggles (NVGs). KO-1 is the first domestic aircraft that utilizes the night-vision imaging system (NVIS) technology in Korea. KO-1 NVIS was developed with the goal of defining the components of NVIS and establishing test and evaluation procedures for both the subsystems and main system. In this paper, we present the establishment of a KO-1 NVIS lighting system, NVIS component development, and representative ground and flight test results.

In this paper, we propose the SNR weighted LLR combining method in uplink mmWave multi-beams environment. Until now, the mmWave band has been considered as a candidate for new radio band for 5G mobile communication system. Because the mmWave band has good directivity, we can make sharp beam by applying beamforming technology using a plurality of antenna elements. The BS can have the antenna configuration for 3D beamforming and the UE can have the antenna configuration for circularly-switched beamforming for multi-beams communication. In the above situation, the uplink beam forms wider than the downlink beam and the transmitted signal energy of UE is distributed widely throughout the receive antennas of BS. Therefore, we propose the SNR weighted uplink LLR combining method for effective uplink performance in the above situation. Through the link-level simulation, we show the effect on the SNR weighted LLR combining of the uplink receiving beams and compare the coded BER performance of the suggested method with that of no weighted LLR combining method.

This paper presents a new economic and effective TPEG (transport protocol experts group) application for location based service (LBS) that can be provided in terrestrial-digital multimedia broadcasting (T-DMB) transmission system. We propose a novel point-of-interest (POI) application interoperable with TPEG protocol, and introduce the POI data server/client and the DMB receiver with TPEG decoder implemented by using the proposed protocol. The stability and effectiveness of the proposed protocol is verified through the experimental broadcasting, and the pilot service using the commercial T-DMB network is being provided successfully

We propose a new arbitration method for an input buffered switch with a buffered crossbar. In the proposed method, an exhaustive polling method is used to decrease the synchronization. Using an approximate analysis, we explain how the proposed method improves the switch performance. Also, using computer simulations, we show the proposed method outperforms the previous methods under burst traffic.

This paper presents architecture of the PTN-OTN integrated switch fabric module which supports 3.2 terabit switching capabilities in optical-circuit-packet converged transport network systems. The switch fabric module supports not only PTN-OTN converged switching function between integrated line cards that support PTN and OTN traffics, but also provides system timing synchronization function to each line cards and mate switch fabric cards.

Monitoring abnormalities within reactor coolant pumps due to vibration, we introduce a Wigner distribution (WD) to a vibration monitoring system for analyzing vibration signals, and develop an on-line diagnostic method using the neural network employing back propagation algorithm. A rotor kit is used to simulate the abnormal conditions in the pump such as bearing rubbing, shaft bending, misalignment, etc. The data collected from the kit are analyzed using both a conventional system based on the Fourier transform (FT) and the software developed with the WD in this study, and they are compared. The study shows that spectrum represented by WD makes it easy to analyze the vibration signals of a rotating machine and the developed diagnostic method will help the operators grasp the cause of vibrations.

If small cracks in stud bolts are not detected early enough, they can grow rapidly and cause catastrophic disasters in industrial facilities such as nuclear power plants. Their detection, despite its importance, is known to be a very difficult problem due to the complicated structures of the stud bolts. This study shows a method of detecting the existence and determining the size of a small crack in a root between two crests in the bolt threads using ultrasound. The Rayleigh wave propagating from the tip of a crack to the opening of the same crack is utilized. A delayed pulse, due to the Rayleigh wave, is detected between regularly spaced pulses from the threads, with the delay time being proportional to the size of the crack. Theoretical explanation is presented and experimental results demonstrating detection of cracks as small as 0.5 mm are shown.

The Schmidl and Cox (SC) packet detector uses the ratio of the power of a received packet and the power of its own packet delayed by the periodicity of preamble. If the ratio exceeds a ratio threshold (T) with a non-zero value less than one, the SC packet detector declares that a packet is detected. However, it can make a false detection when there is a DC offset during no packet. This paper has proposed the modified SC packet detector with two limiters to increase the probability of correct packet detection even if there is a DC offset.

In this paper, we analyzed the available frame synchronization error ranges through the uncoded BER (bit error rate) performance in the condition of 64-QAM digital modulation in Mobile-WiMAX system.

Due to the development and proliferation of ubiquitous technologies and services, various sensor network applications are being appeared on the stage. The needs for algorithms requiring complex signal processing with a high-performance processor such as digital signal processor are also increased. However, it is difficult to use such processor for the low-power sensor network operating with a battery because of power consumption. This paper proposes and implements hardware and software architecture of the hybrid-type sensor module composed of a low-power sensor module and a high-performance sensor module for the complicated signal processing in the wireless sensor node. Although this approach needs some additional hardware, it results in some improvements in operation time supporting complex algorithms for target detection in the sensor networks.

GPON Extender is required to extend transmission reach in GPON. In this paper, we propose simple activation techniques and a burst reset controller for the extender, and discuss experimental results of the Extender with CWDM links.

There are some leakage radiations from human body depending on incoming signals to it. As there are many noises in the frequency band spanning several MHz, human body communication (HBC), which is a technique to transfer various information through the human body as a communication channel, requires a limitation of frequencies and data rates to support a reliable network that can cope with interference from adjacent users and electrical devices. This paper proposes a frequency selective baseband transmission (FSBT) for HBC. FSBT requires no RF/IF components or overhearing in sleep mode as a service based on Touch-And-Play (TAP). The proposed HBC system supports high reliability, low power consumption, and low cost through FSBT. We achieved a biterror rate of 10–6 at 2 Mbps without forward error correction and verified the functions of the prototypes to transfer streaming data or image files between ultra-mobile PCs, or an ultra-mobile PC and printer.

Due to the proliferation of technologies and services related with wireless sensor network, various sensor network applications are being appeared on the stage and a lot of sensor network testing technologies are being studied. However, most of testing systems or testbeds have objective for test and evaluation of sensor network protocols. For testing sensors and evaluating signal processing algorithms, it is necessary to develop a testbed for those purposes and especially, for monitoring the high speed sensing data. This paper proposes and implements a wireless sensor network testbed for controlling sensors, getting and managing the real-time sensing data on the remote sites.

In this paper, a new cell-averaging constant false alarm rate (CA-CFAR) detector based on minimum selected cell in sub-reference windows (SRW) is proposed. It takes the minimum cells in sub-reference sliding windows for rejecting some strong interferences or alleviating the clutter-edge effect surrounding the test cell, and then it uses the general cell-averaging technique to detect the target. Under Swerling II target fluctuating model, the analytic expressions of PFA, PD and the average detection threshold (ADT) of the proposed CFAR detector are derived. By the performance comparison with other schemes through the simulation, it is found that the detection performance of minimum selected cell averaging (MSCA)-CFAR has a similar performance to that of OS-CFAR in nonhomogeneous background with strong interfering target.

In this paper, we propose a preamble pattern for upstream cable modem and develop the synchronization and channel equalization schemes suitable for the proposed preamble pattern. The proposed preamble consists of the concatenation of the oversample constant amplitude zero autocorrelation code (CAZAC) sequences of length 32. Not only provides relatively good frame detection performance due to the good auto correlation properties of CAZAC sequence, the proposed preamble pattern can be easily employed in initial automatic frequency control due to the repeated structure.

Bolt degradation has become a major issue in the nuclear industry since the 1980's. If small cracks in stud bolts are not detected early enough, they grow rapidly and cause catastrophic disasters. Their detection, despite its importance, is known to be a very difficult problem due to the complicated structures of the stud bolts. This paper presents a method of detecting and sizing a small crack in the root between two adjacent crests in threads. The key idea is from the fact that the mode-converted Rayleigh wave travels slowly down the face of the crack and turns from the intersection of the crack and the root of thread to the transducer. Thus, when a crack exists, a small delayed pulse due to the Rayleigh wave is detected between large regularly spaced pulses from the thread. The delay time is the same as the propagation delay time of the slow Rayleigh wave and is proportional to the site of the crack. To efficiently detect the slow Rayleigh wave, three methods based on digital signal processing are proposed: wave shaping, dynamic predictive deconvolution, and dynamic predictive deconvolution combined with wave shaping.

This paper proposes an efficient AGC scheme before mobile synchronization only using the existing hard-ware engine for AGC scheme after synchronization.

When the product of contrast and size of an object, which is to be reconstructed by using the ultrasound inverse scattering tomography algorithm, is large, it is well known that those algorithms fail to converge to a unique global minimum. In order to solve this well known and difficult convergence problem, in this paper we present a new method, which converges to the true solution, for obtaining the scattering potential without using the Born or Rytov approximation. This method converts the nonlinear nature of the problem into a linear one. Through computer simulations we will show the validity of the new approach for high contrast two-dimensional scattering objects which are insonified by an incident ultrasound plane wave. Numerical results show that the reconstruction error is very small for circularly symmetric two-dimensional cylindrical objects whose refractive indices range from small to even sufficiently large values for which the previous inverse scattering algorithms fail to converge.

The upstream of digital cable modem is a burst mode transmission system, where a burst contains the preamble and data. In this paper, we consider algorithms for the symbol timing, carrier frequency- and phase-offset recovery for the upstream cable modem, that are compliant to DOCSIS 2.0. Several algorithms are tested and verified to find the best algorithm for each of the three recovery blocks, respectively. To fit to the DOCSIS specification, Oerder & Meyr's is chosen for the timing recovery algorithm, Mengali & Morelli's is chosen for the carrier frequency-offset recovery algorithm and Cartwright's is chosen for blind carrier phase recovery. We decide the optimal preamble length for these algorithms and check the error variance. Finally, we show the error performance of the entire system.

This paper presents a new location based service (LBS) that can be provided in digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB) transmission system economically and effectively. We propose a point of interest (POI) protocol compatible to transport protocol experts group (TPEG) and introduce the POI data server and the verification platform implemented by using the proposed protocol. As a filed result, the stability and effectiveness of proposed protocol is verified.

The digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB) allows can provide an economical way of massive multimedia data services, thus, it is emerging as an optimal solution to address the several drawbacks of the mobile communication network. Among the data services based on the DMB, the traffic and travel Information (TTI) service has been spotlighted in aspects of economic influence and information usability. For example, the demand of TTI service has dramatically increased due to rapid increase in the number of vehicles and population of frequently traveling on long-weekends. In order to satisfying such a demanding, a transport protocol experts group (TPEG) protocol was developed. However, TPEG has been applied merely to two application areas up to now and there is no consideration to standardize new services very valuable for drivers and travelers. This paper presents new economic and effective point of interest (POI) and news services compatible to TPEG that can be provided in the DMB. To verify the stability of POI and news protocols, we implemented the TTI data server/client, and the DMB/DAB receiver with the TTI decoder. Through the experimental broadcasting in the local DMB network, it is shown that the proposed protocol operates stably and effectively in the navigation system.

In this paper, we propose keep-alive algorithm based periodic ranging code group (PRCG), in which the periodic ranging code is divided into groups and the AP (access point) performs this algorithm when the periodic ranging code arrives at AP in WiBro (wireless broadband Internet) system. In order to increase the radio bandwidth resource efficiency in this system, we propose keep-alive algorithm for finding abnormal AT (access terminal). From the numerical results, our proposed PRCG algorithm can support more radio resource efficiency compared to message-driven keep-alive algorithm.

This paper describes a method to implement mobile number portability (MNP) in Korea. The MNP system consists of two function blocks, one the call processing system and the other the subscriber management system. The hardware structure and processing method of the system are presented in this paper. The call processing system uses the QoR method and consists of intelligent network exchanges and local number portability database (L-NPDB) system. The subscriber management system consists of the interconnection system of master-NPCDB (NP customer database, M-NPCDB), local-NPCDB, M-NPDB and L-NPDB. The master database is interconnected to the local database through a dedicated line and can process any MNP service in real time. The presented MNP structure in this paper has been implemented in Korea and the result is quite successful.

The general frame structure of current orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems is based on the reservation-based time division multiple access (TDMA). The TDMA frame consists of a number of bursts, which are the transmission formats of the physical layer. Since the OFDM/TDMA uses broad bandwidth consisting of a large number of narrow bands, even the size assignment for the smallest burst is so large that a good throughput cannot be expected where a fine granularity is required. In this paper, we suggest an idea to obtain fine granularity effectively and to improve the system throughput greatly.

This paper proposes an algorithm to combat the performance degradation of an IEEE 802.11a orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system under the time-varying channel conditions by supplementing the conventional channel estimation method that uses a preamble. Packets in wireless local area network (WLAN) systems consist of preamble symbols for channel estimation and data symbols for traffic transmission. There are some pilots inserted within each data symbol to correct the phase error due to the frequency offset remaining even after the automatic frequency control (AFC) The proposed algorithm utilizes the pilots and requires a small amount of additional hardware. The validity of the proposed algorithm is verified by computer simulation.

Unlike in the IS-95 based synchronous CDMA system, each base station (BS) operates asynchronously and use Gold code sequence in the 3GPP asynchronous WCDMA system. Therefore, for soft handover (SHO) case, the searching time for all active set members of BS becomes very long. In order to maintain good link quality during the handover execution, it is very important to reduce the handover search time for the target BS. In this paper, we propose an efficient searcher architecture and algorithm to reduce handover search time for asynchronous WCDMA system. We introduce double dwell serial searcher architecture with dual scrambling code generators and search algorithm, which reduce search time in handover environment with small increase of hardware complexity. Average search time performance of proposed scheme is analyzed for soft handover environment. And the real threshold values of search mode and verification mode are investigated. The results analyzed in this paper may be applied to the designing of the user equipment (UE) multi-path searcher of 3GPP WCDMA system.

As the demand of down link high speed data packet service such as wireless Internet increases, the standardization for high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) in wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system is in progress. HSDPA adopts adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) scheme, which changes the modulation level (for example, M-PSK, where M=4, 16, etc.) and channel coding rate adaptively to wireless channel conditions to maximize throughput. To adopt AMC, the receiver should measure the signal energy to interference power spectral density ratio (SIR) as the channel quality for feedback to the transmitter. The SIR estimation method, which has been used for the conventional voice services, was un-biased and had no problem in case of low power, low data rate, and low cell loading (i.e., single code transmission). However, the bias error of the conventional method increases as the transmitter has higher power, higher data rate, and more full loading (i.e., multi-code transmission), which are typical of the HSDPA service environment. To solve this problem, this paper proposes and verifies the validity of a SIR estimation method using the symbol patterns which are conventionally used to separate the pilot signals of transmit antennas. This paper also shows the method is always un-biased even with the HSDPA service environments.

A multiprotocol label-switching paradigm of integrating layer 3 routing with layer-2 technology such as ATM etc. has been proposed as an alternative to today's router architecture. When MPLS is applied to an ATM-LSR, a VC merging function that merges pluralities of ingress streams into one single stream is required to support scalability of MPLS networks. We will present the VC merging card that is implemented using a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and a high performance SAR device. The card provides not only high flexibility in the MPLS networks but also noble management method of connection setup and termination for multipoint-to-point connection essential to the VC merging function.

Doppler filter bank (DFB) is the heart of pulsed Doppler radars. It provides the residue clutter elimination and coherent integration. With the improvement of digital signal processors (DSPs), the implementation using them is becoming more common. Generally, for the DFB to process the input data in real time, the parallel processing concept using multiple DSPs is used. This paper presents the implementation of a programmable DFB using ADSP21060s. By analyzing the transfer rate of the data received during coherent processing interval (CPI) and formulating the time required to compute the algorithm, the total processing time and the number of ADSP21060s to implement the DFB are estimated.