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In New Zealand (NZ), state school properties are owned by the Ministry of Education and operated by school managers with the assistance of external consultants. This study aims to explore relations...

Construction waste generation is a crucial issue in the construction industry worldwide which gives significant negative impact towards the environment, economy and society. New Zealand (NZ) is no exception with the construction industry being responsible for up to 50% of landfill waste. The quantification of construction waste generation is critically important to manage its negative impacts effectively. Due to the differences in materials, technologies and processes in the construction projects, NZ requires more specific data to quantify waste generation accurately. This study analysed waste quantities from 159 detached residential buildings to quantify waste generation rate per gross floor area (WGR). The WGR is 32. 2 kg/m2 which sits mid-range compared to other international studies. A regression model for predicting waste and trend analysis were conducted to identify the highly correlated design features with waste generation. Findings of this study are useful to determine the impact of design decisions on waste generation for typical NZ builds. Although the findings primarily aimed at the NZ construction industry, the results can apply to detached timber-framed homes overseas.

The attention onprefabricated modules and components is resurging in the New Zealand residential construction industry. This isdriven by its relative benefitsand technological advancements.However inspite of thisattention, there has not been commensurate understanding of its manufacturing supply chainand the enhancement of theirperformance. Similarly, there has been little research considering the supply chain and supply chain integration in module/component manufacturing in residential constructionin New Zealand. Therefore, this paper presents a comprehensive overviewof the modular manufacturing process andthebarriers and enablers for supply chain integration in module manufacturing.The identified barriers are discussed with theirrelevant enablers. Informationfor the study investigation was collected through twelve semi-structured face to face interviews withprefabricationexperts. The information obtained was analysed using contentanalysis that enabled the development of a frameworkthat illustrates barriers and enablers for supply chain integration. Ad-hoc relationships, poor planning and scheduling, transporting of volumetric modules and information sharing are a few significantbarriers in the manufacturing process of modular bathroom pods and wall panels in New Zealand. The proposed framework providesa guide for the wall panel and bathroom pods manufacturing companies to improve integration across their entiremanufacturing process.

Purpose This paper aims to develop an integrated and comprehensive framework for building and property management (BAPM) for state schools in New Zealand. The results are expected to clarify the complicated process and provide a guide for school boards to manage their property effectively and efficiently. It also seeks to explore the relationship between the key stakeholders and how this impacts the BAPM. Design/methodology/approach In addition, to review literature, qualitative data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with 16 top managers in state schools. The data analysis results were used to develop the framework using the integration definition for process modelling. Findings The findings contribute to understanding the processes in the BAPM in state schools of school board members by adding input, output, control and mechanism elements in each activity of the processes. The systematic models with main activities and people involved are presented as a guide for school boards in state schools in New Zealand. Challenges and issues in the processes are also identified to draw further study for both school boards and the Ministry of Education. Research limitations/implications The research was conducted with the participation of stakeholders who are sampled from top managers in state schools in New Zealand. A larger scale of participants from other schools may generalise the findings further. Practical implications The research findings are based on the needs and requirements of the stakeholders to understand, implement and control the BAPM for their schools and aid them to achieve the best value for money spending on the management. Originality/value The paper highlights the complexity of the BAPM in schools, presents the roles and responsibilities of the school stakeholders and proposes a systematic framework to assist the school managers in this management process.

Purpose Any building refurbishment is challenging and school buildings offer no exception. They are increasingly in need of refurbishment due to their age and evolving teaching and learning. The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of literature on sustainable refurbishment so as to identify key lessons from selected successful refurbishment projects. The review findings are expected to contribute to the development of refurbishment plans in an effective and innovative manner that should extend building’s service life, focus on resource efficiency, and comfort their users. It will also contribute to knowledge base of refurbishment and suggest future directions for research. Design/methodology/approach The paper has undertaken a literature review on the sustainability assessment of buildings and frameworks for sustainable refurbishment. Besides, the work also provides a review of recent successful refurbishment projects to collect and structure systems experiences which can be adopted in developing a sustainable refurbishment strategy for school buildings. Findings Findings include three groups of lessons in terms of reasons, process and barriers in the selected refurbishment projects that assist stakeholders to prepare a suitable refurbishment plan for their school buildings. The potential of 3D scanners and BIM applications in the refurbishment process will also be reviewed in order to develop a proposed framework of 3D scanner vs BIM for the refurbishment process. Recommendations highlight the role of a national strategy as a driving factor for applying the advantages of information technology to enhance optimal solution selection processes to get better and more sustainable results. Originality/value The conceptual framework for 3D scanner and BIM applications within sustainable refurbishment for school buildings is currently under researched, and the findings aimed to address such a gap when considering 3D scanners and BIM applications in the refurbishment process.

The increasing number of natural disasters worldwide has made post-disaster construction and demolition (C&D) waste management a crucial component of disaster recovery. This became apparent in New Zealand after the Canterbury region suffered enormously from the 2010 and 2011 earthquakes. The City of Christchurch was severely affected, causing around 1000 commercial properties and 10000–15000 residential properties to require demolition. It was estimated that it generated approximately 8 million tonnes of debris, with probably more than a million tonnes from reparation. This paper reflects on the Canterbury earthquake C&D waste management process, limitations and offers recommendations to improve recovery from future disasters. In-depth semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire survey were conducted with government and non-government organisations involved with C&D waste management, including the Canterbury Earthquake Recovery Authority (CERA) and accredited demolition contractors. Findings revealed that the “pick and go” strategy introduced by CERA was very effective, as it directed debris straight into the end-use market. This study identified a number of limitations in the current C&D waste management process, such as: lack of waste-processing facilities, incomplete policies and acts, organisational limitations, and poor communication and coordination between parties involved. The findings from this research contribute to a growing body of literature on post-disaster C&D waste management. This paper recommends pre-established waste management plans, additional resources, powerful legislation and a powerful organisation be established, with clear responsibilities and goals, to fully take charge of waste management in future disasters in New Zealand, and manage them effectively and efficiently.

Identification of costs drivers and their influence level on building development costs play a key role in the development of construction models and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of any project. Forty-five indicators influencing building development costs in New Zealand are explored by literature review and pilot interviews. These indicators are grouped into seven categories. The determination and ranking of the cost drivers are carried out by a questionnaire survey distributed to key professionals working in New Zealand’s construction industry. Structural equation modeling (SEM) software was employed for analysis of the collected data. One of the key advantages of this powerful software is to provide the p-value according to the structure of the research model. Findings of this study indicate that the property market and construction industry factor, statutory and regulatory factor, and socio-economic factors are major factors affecting building development costs in New Zealand.