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This paper argues that Pynchon may allude to Marcel Proust through the character Marcel in Part 4 of Gravity's Rainbow and, if so, what that could mean. I trace the textual clues that relate to Proust and analyze what Pynchon may be saying about a fellow great experimental writer.

Call for papers for International Pynchon Week 2013 to be held at Durham University, UK from the 5th-8th of August 2013

215 x 160 mm. Péssim estat de conservació (paper desfent-se per l´humitat, no se poden passar les fulles; aprox. 25 fl.). Relligat amb un pergamí de 1362 que només cobreix la part posterior del quadern. Llibre judiciari de la Cort del Molinell

Gravity is a prominent physical concept in 'Gravity's Rainbow', as already announced by the novel's title. If the second part of the title – the poetic image of the rainbow – is bound up with mathematical formulas and the parabolic path of the Rocket, so conversely, this paper argues, Pynchon's novel introduces a relation between gravity and fiction. The paper explores 'Gravity's Rainbow''s use of the changing historical understandings of gravitation from the seventeenth to the twentieth centuries by examining the novel's illustration of Newton and Leibniz's opposed concepts as well as its references to gravity as understood in Einstein's theory of relativity. When tracing the notions of gravity as force, fictitious force, and frame of reference, a particular focus lies on the relation of physical imagery to ethical questions and on the way 'Gravity's Rainbow' provides a physico-ethical explanation of Slothrop's disappearance from the novel.

This paper compares sharing (equity) and debt contracts in presence of moral hazard which manifests as the hidden effort undertaken by the entrepreneur. The originality of this paper relatively to the existing studies consists in performing the comparison between the two types of contracts while considering a more general context along two dimensions. The first dimension is enabling the internal funds of the entrepreneur to vary between 0% and a level just inferior to 100%. The second dimension is the incorporation of an incentive mechanism to the sharing contract in the context of a two‐period relationship. I showed that the sharing and debt contracts are feasible when the internal funds of the entrepreneur are superior to determined thresholds. These thresholds depend on the characteristics of the project (size, payoffs, and probability of success/failure) and the opportunity cost of the financier. The debt contract is shown to be characterized by larger financial access than the sharing contract. I have also shown that the enlargement of the financial‐relationship to two periods has an incentivizing effect on the entrepreneur and enlarges the region of financial access for the two types of contracts, if a common condition of sufficiently foresighted entrepreneur is satisfied. However, two distinct conditions are also necessary for the enlargement of the financial access to occur. For the sharing contract, the second condition is related to the size of the project which should be inferior to a determined threshold. For the debt contract, the second condition is related to the threat of non‐renewal of the financing in case of first‐period failure, which should be sufficiently stringent. In addition, it has been shown that the more restrictive the threat of non‐renewal the larger the region of financial access. However, this is realized at the expense of the second period investment which decreases, and represents the economic efficiency’ effect of the debt contract. Finally, I discussed the effect on the financial access of taxing the “risk‐free” financial operation and subsidizing the “higher effort” of the insufficiently‐capitalized entrepreneurs.

The interest in multivariate statistical process control (MSPC) has increased as the industrial processes have become more complex. This paper presents an industrial process involving a plastic part in which, due to the number of correlated variables, the inversion of the covariance matrix becomes impossible, and the classical MSPC cannot be used to identify physical aspects that explain the causes of variation or to increase the knowledge about the process behaviour. In order to solve this problem, a Multivariate Statistical Process Control based on Principal Component Analysis (MSPC-PCA) approach was used and an R code was developed to implement it according some commercial software used for this purpose, namely the ProMV (c) 2016 from ProSensus, Inc. (www.prosensus.ca). Based on used dataset, it was possible to illustrate the principles of MSPC-PCA. This work intends to illustrate the implementation of MSPC-PCA in R step by step, to help the user community of R to be able to perform it., FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia(UID/CEC/00319/2013)

The paper explores the uniqueness properties of the subjective probabilities in two axiomatizations of state-dependent preferences. Karni, Schmeidler, and Vind's (KSV 1983) system depends on selecting an arbitrary auxiliary probability, and as such, does not guarantee the uniqueness of the derived subjective probability. However, an axiom system initially designed by Karni and Schmeidler (KS 1981) and further elaborated upon here does guarantee the desired uniqueness as well as a useful property of “stability” of the derived solution. When the preference relation displays state-independence, even the KS probabilities may not agree with those derived from the classic Anscombe-Aumann (AA 1963) theorem. However, we claim that, in this case, the KS rather than the AA probabilities are the appropriate representation of the agent's beliefs.

In this paper, the problem of approximating a function defined on a finite subset of the real line by a family of generalized rational functions whose numerator and denominator spaces satisfy the Haar conditions on some closed interval [a, b] containing the finite set is considered. The pointwise closure of the family restricted to the finite set is explicitly determined. The representation obtained is used to analyze the convergence of best approximations on discrete subsets of [a, b] to best approximations over the whole interval (as the discrete subsets become dense) in the case that the function approximated is continuous on [a, b] and the rational family consists of quotients of algebraic polynomials. It is found that the convergence is uniform over [a, b] if the function approximated is a so-called normal point. Only L p {L_p} norms with 1 ⩽ p > ∞ 1 \leqslant p > \infty are employed.

The intention of this paper is to set forth for a potential user of approximate molecular orbital methods some of the precautions to be considered in their application and in the interpretation of the results.

A medical genetics clinic is a unique and complex environment in which care requires a combination of medical knowledge, social intelligence, and emotional sensitivity. We offer a few pearls from our medical genetics clinic that we hope will help the pediatric or general dermatologist when caring for patients with known or suspected genetic disorders. This paper addresses five main topics: When is it more than just atopic dermatitis? How should the clinician approach blistering in the newborn period? What is mosaicism? When is genetic testing useful? Where can clinician, patients, and families turn for available resources?

This paper studies the dynamic time-varying formation control of multi-agent systems. Aiming at the unmanned vehicle systems, based on the static time-varying formation in literature [18], a multi-agent dynamic time-varying formation control based on consistency is put forward. Additionally, the sufficient conditions for the agreement and the steps for solving the control parameters are given. The simulation is conducted to prove the effectiveness and robustness of the theoretical results.

Software frameworks are difficult for plugin developers to use, even when they are well designed and documented. Some of these difficulties stem from the many constraints that frameworks impose on plugin code. These constraints might restrict operations from being called on certain objects, or they might restrict how long an object is available. Additionally, the constraints are relative to the current context of the plugin, and they can involve multiple, interacting framework objects. This paper proposes a lightweight specification system and analysis to check plugins from a semantic perspective, rather than a purely structural view.

This paper proposes a novel approach to design a controller in discrete time for the class of uncertain nonlinear systems in the presence of magnitude constrains of control signal which are treated as the saturation nonlinearity. A associative law between reinforcement learning algorithm based on adaptive NRBF neural networks and the theory of robust control Ho is set up in a novel control structure, in which the proposed controller allows learning and control on-line to compensate multiple uncertain nonlinearities as well as minimizing both the H. tracking performance index function and the unknown nonlinear dynamic approximation errors. The novel theorem of robust stabilization of the closed-loop system is declared and proved. Simulation results verify the theoretical analysis.

In the field of Business Process Management formal models for the control flow of business processes have been designed since more than 15 years. Which methods are best suited to verify the bulk of these models? The first step is to select a formal language which fixes the semantics of the models. We adopt the language of Boolean systems as reference language for Boolean process models. Boolean systems form a simple subclass of coloured Petri nets. Their characteristics are low tokens to model explicitly states with a subsequent skipping of activations and arbitrary logical rules of type AND, XOR, OR etc. to model the split and join of the control flow. We apply model checking as a verification method for the safeness and liveness of Boolean systems. Model checking of Boolean systems uses the elementary theory of propositional logic, no modal operators are needed. Our verification builds on a finite complete prefix of a certain T-system attached to the Boolean system. It splits the processes of the Boolean system into a finite set of base processes of bounded length. Their behaviour translates to formulas from propositional logic. Our verification task consists in checking the satisfiability of these formulas. In addition we have implemented our model checking algorithm as a java program. The time needed to verify a given Boolean system depends critically on the number of initial tokens. Because the algorithm has to solve certain SAT-problems, polynomial complexity cannot be expected. The paper closes with the model checking of some Boolean process models which have been designed as Event-driven Process Chains.

The Cygnus Dual Beam Radiographic Facility consists of two identical radiographic sources each with a dose rating of ∼4-rad at 1 m, and a ∼1-mm diameter spot size. The development of the rod pinch diode (RPD) was responsible for the ability to meet these criteria. The RPD in each machine uses a 0.75-mm tungsten diameter tapered anode rod extended through a 9-mm diameter cathode aperture. When properly configured, the electron beam born off the aperture edge can self-insulate and pinch onto the tip of the rod creating an intense, small x-ray source. These sources are utilized in concert with an imaging system on complex experiments, which are single-shot, high-value events. In such an application there is an emphasis on machine performance (reliability and reproducibility). Vacuum quality is a significant determinator for source performance. In this paper we discuss the Cygnus Dual Beam Radiographic Facility, the associated vacuum systems, vacuum monitor calibration and a multi-purpose vacuum chamber. Vacuum system performance, using various enhancements, will be reported. Using the vacuum system enhancements, as well as other machine tweaks, recent source performance has improved. This new level of performance will be presented via dosimetry and electrical measurements.

This paper examines 1,089 private equity (PE) backed and non-PE backed (pure) UK buy-outs, determinants of their survival, and their exit behaviour during the period of 1966-2004. Our results suggest that 56% of the pure sample buy-outs remained in a buy-out organisational form for at least seven years after the original buy-out transaction, thus lending support to views that buy-outs present long rather than short term form. PE backed buy-outs exhibit higher exit rates, fewer early (within 12 months) exits and fewer liquidations than their pure counterparts. Buy-outs sponsored by PE syndicates, those harvested during periods with strong market conditions and greater supply of PE funding, tend to have shorter longevity. The most notable difference between the survival experiences of PE backed and pure buy-outs is documented in IPO exits, where a significant number of pure buy-outs exit early to the Alternative Investment Market (AIM). © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

The genus Adenocalymma Mart. ex Meisn,. originally described with 18 species, is currently represented by about 60 species distributed throughout tropical America. The name Adenocalymma is a compound of two Greek words: aden, adenos (m.) = glands, and kalymma (n.) = head-covering. This characteristic, glands on the calyx, is found in almost all species. Although Martius (in herb.) coined the generic name Adenocalymma, the spelling Adenocalymna was used by Meisner (l.c. 1840) when he published the original description of the genus. A year later, Endlicher (Ench. Bot.: 347. 1841), in a list of genera of Bignoniaceae, used the spelling Adenocalymma. As result two different spellings, Adenocalymma and Adenocalymna, were published. That used by Endlicher (I.c.) could be either a typographic error or a correction of the Meisner's spelling. Subsequently, Meisner, himself, in the index to his previous works (PI. Vasc. Gen. 2: 374. 1843), used the spelling Adenocalymma. This seems to have been a correction, made by the author himself, to the spelling he had used previously. In spite of that, de Candolle (Prodr. 9: 199. 1845), whose work has long been considered as a second reference for the genus, returned to Meisner's original spelling (Adenocalymna). Bureau (Bul. Soc. Bot. France 19: 19-20. 1872) pointed out that the original spelling used by Meisner (I.c. 1840) and adopted by de Candolle (l.c.) (Adenocalymna) was wrong: "Dans le tableau qui precede, nous avons ecrit Adenocalymma et non Adenocalymna. Ce genre a ete reconnu par Martius, et inscrit par lui dans son herbier, des 1839, avec l'orthographe que nous lui donnons ici, c'est-a-dire avec deux m. J'ai vu plus de dix etiquettes de la main de Martius, toutes redigees conformement a l'etymologie grecque, et dans l'Enchiridion d'Endlicher, qui a paru en 1841, on trouve le meme nom cite sous la forme correcte: Adenocalymma. Ce nom est en effet compose du substantif masculin a6rbv, evoL (glande), et du substantif neutre Xacuptatc, aro (enveloppe); il exprime un des caracteres les plus apparents du genre, dont le calice porte de larges glandes aplaties. C'est donc par erreur que ce genre a ete publie en 1845, dans le Prodromus, sous la forme Adenocalymna, et nous sommes autorises a retablir l'orthographe veritable, en vertu de l'article 66 des Lois de la nomenclature botanique". Although Bureau's paper could be considered a formal and legal correction of spelling of the generic name, acceptable under Art. 60.1 of the current Code, his judgement has not been universally accepted.

From the point of view of a data warehouse system, collecting and receiving information from source systems is crucial for all subsequent business intelligence applications. Incoming information can generally be classified into two types: (1) the state-oriented data and (2) event-oriented data or transactional data, which contains information about the change performed by processes on the instances of information objects. On the way towards achieving the goal of a full-fledged active data warehouse it becomes more and more important to provide data with minimal latency. In this paper we focus on dimensional data which is provided by general data warehouse applications. The information transfer is performed via messages containing the change of information on the dimension instances. The proposed approach is able to validate the event-messages, reconstruct the complete history of the dimension and provide a well applicable ''comprehensive slowly changing dimension'' (cSCD) interface for queries on the historical and current state of the dimension. A description of the prototype implementation for this kind of an ''active integration'' in a data warehouse and a case study at T-Mobile conclude the paper.

Rework in construction projects can cause significant waste of cost and time. Within lean construction practice, rework minimisation is of most interest among project managers. However, less attention has been paid to investigating rework reduction or avoidance in the housing supply chain. Given the increasing costs incurred due to rework generation, innovative approaches to reduce and avoid rework throughout the housing supply chain has never been more urgently required. Elaborating the root causes of rework is essential as it clearly highlights the role of various supply chain contributors. This paper investigates the root causes of rework in construction projects in general and in housing projects in particular. More specifically, the impact of rework on the entire housing supply chain will be explained.

The luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN requires the installation of additional collimators in the dispersion suppressor regions of the accelerator. The upgrade foresees the installation of one additional collimator on either side of interaction point 7 (IP7) at the location of the existing main dipoles (MBs) that will be replaced by shorter and more powerful dipoles, and of one additional collimator on either side of IP2 at the location of existing empty cryostats. This paper describes the design and the construction status of the full-length prototype of the 11-T dipole magnet, which is needed for IP7. This magnet features a two-in-one structure, like the LHC MB, impregnated coils made of Nb3Sn conductor, an inner bore of 60 mm, and a magnetic length of about 5.3 m. Two 11-T magnets are needed to replace a 15-m long MB. A by-pass cryostat placed in between the two magnets allows creating a room temperature space for the additional collimators. The magnet is designed to provide the same integrated field as the MB at nominal field. However, due to the difference in transfer function at lower field, a correction by means of a trim current has been considered. A full-length prototype is currently under construction at CERN with the goal of developing the manufacturing and inspection procedures prior to launch the series production. For this, new tooling has been developed and optimized during the fabrication of fully representative practice coils. This paper describes the design of the magnet, the main manufacturing steps, and corresponding quality indicators, which will be used to monitor the series production. Finally, the production and installation schedule will be presented.

Purpose: Ludruk has a socio-cultural role for the people of East Java in the effort to preserve and develop the local culture. Especially as performing arts, ludruk can act as entertainment that can be enjoyed by various layers of society in East Java, the purpose of this study is: Describe the Improvement of the Management of the Organization of Performing Arts Ludruk Irama Sinar Nusantara Culture. Design/methodology/approach: This research is a qualitative sociological phenomenological study, based on the literature review. The data in this study form qualitative data consisting of three types, namely data behavior, oral data, and writing data. Instruments in this study are researchers themselves. Data analysis in this research consists of several activities that are done jointly, according to Miles and Huberman data reduction, display data and conclusion drawing / verification. Findings: The results of this study are: 1) In general in the approach of critical theorists of art and entertainment ludruk is the idea that they deserve attention for three reasons. First, the contents of art and works present a potentially revealing story of the human, social, and world way of working in the same way as the myth that offers a mimetic representation of the world of life experience. Secondly, ludruk as a means of art and entertainment produced reflects something from the way people live with real conditions is significant. Third, ludruk as an art, if not entertainment how able to entertain the fans as they start to switch to other entertainment. 2) Changes in the paradigm of technical managers in management skills so that the focus to practice the skills required to successfully manage ludruk seriously from various circles to preserve and develop it, to build maximum functional relationships with internal and external clients, it must have a management infusion by adopting the model most recently covering the organizational structure, the function of the marketing channel for the performing arts will lead to the improvement of the delivery of performing arts through more effective inter-organizational management, or certain services to predetermined consumption points, and more importantly improved performance is a change organizations in which managers and organizations that organize organizations place and manage programs that measure the current level of organizational performance and then generate ideas to modify organizational behavior and infrastructure incorporated into the temp at to achieve higher results. Originality/value: This paper is original Paper type: a Research Paper

This paper examines the practices of political branding that inform American election campaigns, deploying concepts such as ethical surplus, scripted messages, emotional appeal, and authenticity. Many politicians use such appeals to achieve the three goals of television campaign advertising: voter choice, voter mobilization, and voter acquisition. With reference to these concepts, my research question asks how candidates branded themselves in contrast to how their opponents branded them. This question was answered using the case study of Minnesota’s 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 8th congressional districts because these four seats switched parties during the 2018 midterm election. I examined a total of 77 ads: 28 positive and 47 negative. Within these districts, there was one female candidate and seven male candidates. The findings showed that all the candidates, whether they won or lost, employed ethical surplus, scripted messages, emotional appeals and authenticity, trying to make themselves look better or their opponent look worse. All of these ads, positive or negative, attempted to address the three goals of television campaign advertising and spread their message through scripted emotional appeals while trying to create ethical surplus and authenticity with their constituents. This research shows the differences between political parties in television advertisements and the impact that these ads may have. With the 2020 United States Election coming up on November 3rd, 2020, this research can offer valuable insight into campaign tactics, and the branding of politicians in television advertisements for flipping seats.

Background The health system in South Sudan faces extreme domestic resource constraints, low capacity, and protracted humanitarian crises. Supportive supervision is believed to improve the quality of health care and service delivery by compensating for flaws in health workforce management. This study aimed to explore the current supervision practices in South Sudan and identify areas for quality improvement. Methods The study employed qualitative approaches to collect and analyse data from six purposefully selected counties. Data were collected from 194 participants using semi-structured interviews (43 health managers) and focus group discussions (151 health workers). Thematic content analysis was used to yield an in-depth understanding of the supervision practices in the health sector. Results The study found that integrated supportive supervision and monitoring visits were the main approaches used for health services supervision in South Sudan. Supportive supervision focused more on health system administration and less on clinical matters. Although fragmented, supportive supervision was carried out quarterly, while monitoring visits were either conducted monthly or ad hoc. Prioritization for supportive supervision was mainly data driven. Paper-based checklists were the most commonly used supervision tools. Many supervisors had no formal training on supportive supervision and only learned on the job. The health workers received on-site verbal feedback and, most times, on-the-job training sessions through coaching and mentorship. Action plans developed during supervision were inadequately followed up due to insufficient funding. Insecurity, poor road networks, lack of competent health managers, poor coordination, and lack of adequate means of transport were some of the challenges experienced during supervision. The presumed outcomes of supportive supervision were improvements in human resource management, drug management, health data reporting, teamwork, and staff respect for one another. Conclusion Supportive supervision remains a daunting task in the South Sudan health sector due to a combination of external and health system factors. Our study findings suggest that strengthening the processes and providing inputs for supervision should be prioritized if quality improvement is to be attained. This necessitates stronger stewardship from the Ministry of Health, integration of different supervision practices, investment in the capacity of the health workforce, and health infrastructure development.

http://tartu.ester.ee/record=b1189595~S1*est

Due to the large amount of CO2 emissions produced nowadays by the construction sector, the scientific community is looking for measures that will bring constructions to the be as environmental-friendly as possible. One of the most popular lines of research is the use of construction waste as recycled aggregates for the production of recycled aggregates concrete. Regarding the use of coarse recycled aggregates, there are a large number of studies that validate their use at both a mechanical and durability levels. Regarding the use of fine particles, which are inherent to the existence of coarse particles, it is necessary to increase the existing knowledge before they can be widely used. In this paper, the authors have sought to isolate the weakest part of those concrete mixes with exclusively recycled aggregate, i.e. a mortar made exclusively with fine recycled aggregates, in order to analyse the effect of drying-wetting cycles on mixes with recycled aggregates only. Specifically, three types of fine aggregates were used, one natural silica aggregate, one aggregate from crushed ballast and one from crushed sleepers. The mortars made with these aggregates were subjected to 50 durability cycles in distilled water, seawater and water with sulphates. Mechanical, visual and microstructural tests were carried out to analyse the effect of each of these environments on each of the mortars.

This paper examines the postlitigation history of an English nuisance case of 1858 concerning pollution of the river Tame caused by sewage from the city of Birmingham. This case is a classic citation that purports to illustrate the absence in English nuisance law of a social benefit defense for nuisance. As the court’s judgment in law found in favor of an individual landowner against Birmingham, population 250,000, property rights were manifestly awarded where benefits were lower. Coase’s theorem arguments would expect that postlitigation negotiations would ensue, and in this case such negotiations did occur but broke down. The legal conflict stretched on over nearly 40 years, while the pollution was, in practice, allowed to continue. The argument is made that the English court, in effect, by failing to enforce its decisions robustly, did take note of the calamitous social effects that would have followed a rigorous enforcement of the court’s orders.

The Declination of the Load-stone hath for many Years been observ’d not to continue alwayes the same in the same places

New pneumatical experiments about respiration. - Those experiments, made by that indefatigable benefactour to philosophy, the Honourable Robert Boyle. in order to bring some more light to the doctrine of respiration, as well as to minister occasion to inquisitive naturalists to make farther researches into the same, were by their noble author communicated to the publisher of these papers; who esteem'd it more convenient to make them a part of these tracts (they taking up the room but of a few sheets) than to publish them any other way. The I. Title. Observations made about the lasting of Ducks included in the Exhausted Receiver . Nature having, as Zoologists teach us, furnished Ducks and other water-Fowl with a peculiar structure or some vessels about the heart, to enable them, when they have occasion to Dive, to forbear for a pretty while respiring under water without prejudice

By reason of a proposition of Dr. Wallis (Prop. r. Cap. 5. De Motu) to this purpose (for he doth not repeat it verbatim:)

In this paper, we characterize the class of all spaces X whose products with a fixed non-Archimedan space Y are normal. In particular, we give a characterization of all spaces X whose products with every ω μ -metrizable space are normal.

Sir, The inclosed Paper contains some Observation of Jupiter, which being made from a more convenient Station, than I commonly have used, are more accurated than my former ones.

Sir, In this paper I send you an Account of some of the Parts of certain Stones figured like Plants; which Agricola (5° Fessilium) calls Trochitœ, and the compound ones Entrochi; we in English, St. Cutberds beads.

As for the not yet communicated Tryals that I made in prosecuting my Design of discovering or observing some latent Qualities of the Air , I will not deny you some of them, as imperfect as they yet are, but will venture to send them you, as my Notes or my Memory suggests them to me; not only, because without being compleated they may be fit enough to countenance suspicions (for you know, that I do not call them so much as opinions ,) but for a weightier inducement, to be told you at the end of this Paper.

I had long since returned my humble thanks to the Royal Society for their candid acceptance of my paper; and particularly to you for your most obliging letter, had I not thought a farther account of what I have observed in the fire, would be more acceptable to that illustrious body; particularly to the honourable Mr. Boyle, for whose ingenious queries I give him most hearty thanks, accounting my self happy, that by this occasion any thing of mine should come under the consideration of so worthy a person.

Investment decisions in the development and production of new aircraft models is difficult because of the technical and market uncertainties associated with such a complex process. The accompanying risks can be mitigated through a flexible approach that incorporates several decision points at different stages of the process. Therefore, as the project evolves, management will be able to diagnose its progress, compare it to previous expectations, and decide to continue or not. In this paper, we present a methodology to evaluate flexible business strategies that is based on real options analysis (ROA) and Monte Carlo simulation. This methodology takes into account the flexibility that managers have to affect the success of any given project and, therefore, it provides a better estimate of project value. Numerical results are given for a representative process based on actual aircraft manufacturer's data.

I have this day received a Note from. Sr. Jonas Moore, in which he informs me, that you have received Papers concerning the late Comet both from Mr. Hevelius and Mr. Gassini , and that you desire to know what I observed of it.

The interaction with consume products has been changing due to the development of the technology, which often turns out to be a barrier rather than an opportunity for people with disabilities. Appliances in general and particularly washing machines have gone from having physical controls to have touch controls. For that reason, the main objective of this paper is to analyse the accessibility of washing machine interfaces. Therefore, a sample of four washing machines has been selected. After that, using Hierarchical Task Analysis and observation tools the sequence of use has been defined and demanded capabilities have been evaluated. Eventually, by means of the Exclusion Calculator the number of excluded people for the interaction with the machines has been obtained, not only in terms of capacities, but also regarding their age. At this point, the results define the main characteristics to consider when designing accessible washing machines.

Despite strong economic growth, investment in basic urban infrastructure -- water supply, wastewater removal and treatment, roads, and other capital-intensive systems -- has failed to keep pace with urban growth, leaving a critical urban infrastructure deficit. At the same time, urban lands in these many developing countries are among the most expensive in the world. Much of this land is owned by public authorities. Significant parts of it lie vacant, unused for public service provision or inappropriate for conversion to higher-valued economic activity. A composite public-sector balance sheet for India's urban areas would show an asset mix strong on public-sector landholdings but weak on infrastructure. This raises the following questions: Can some excess public-sector land be exchanged for infrastructure, in a manner that is politically acceptable and economically efficient? Can public land sales be a realistic source of finance for critically needed urban infrastructure investment? This paper considers the policy context that has shaped different land-disposal and earmarking initiatives, provides details about the actual workings of institutions, and examines international experience in infrastructure investment. This study contributes to the consultative process underway in India to consider strategies to unlock public land values to help finance urban infrastructure investment.

The eglA gene, encoding a thermostable endoglucanase from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus , was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli . The nucleotide sequence of the gene predicts a 319-amino-acid protein with a calculated molecular mass of 35.9 kDa. The endoglucanase has a 19-amino-acid signal peptide but not cellulose-binding domain. The P. furiosus endoglucanase has significant amino acid sequence similarities, including the conserved catalytic nucleophile and proton donor, with endoglucanases from glucosyl hydrolase family 12. The purified recombinant enzyme hydrolyzed β-1,4 but not β-1,3 glucosidic linkages and had the highest specific activity on cellopentaose (degree of polymerization [DP] = 5) and cellohexaose (DP = 6) oligosaccharides. To a lesser extent, EglA also hydrolyzed shorter cellodextrins (DP < 5) as well as the amorphous portions of polysaccharides which contain only β-1,4 bonds such as carboxymethyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, Whatman paper, and cotton linter. The highest specific activity toward polysaccharides occurred with mixed-linkage β-glucans such as barley β-glucan and lichenan. Kinetics studies with cellooliogsaccharides and p -nitrophenyl-cellooligosaccharides indicated that the enzyme had three glucose binding subsites (−I, −II, and −III) for the nonreducing end and two glucose binding subsites (+I and +II) for the reducing end from the scissile glycosidic linkage. The enzyme had temperature and pH optima of 100°C and 6.0, respectively; a half-life of 40 h at 95°C; and a denaturing temperature of 112°C as determined by differential scanning calorimetry. The discovery of a thermostable enzyme with this substrate specificity has implications for both the evolution of enzymes involved in polysaccharide hydrolysis and the occurrence of growth substrates in hydrothermal vent environments.

I Have elsewhere a shewn that the breath of the Pyrites is Sulphur extota substantia : Also, that it naturally takes fire of it self: Again, that the material cause of Thunder and Lightning, and of Earthquakes is one and the same; viz. .

There are two sorts of instances (besides the Arguments I formerly urged, which to me are alone sufficiently convincing) which very favour the opinion I lately offered.

These papers were sent by Mr. Collins to Dr. Wallis in a Letter of 3 Octob. 1682, (with this Character, I have sent here with my thoughts about some defects in algebra:) and are a copy of what he had written to some other (but I know not whom) to whom he speaks all along in the second person, whereas of he speaks in the third person.

For observing this Eclipse , beside the Instruments which were made use of for observing that of the Moon , at the Focus of the Glass of 40 foot, was placed circle of paper equal to the Suns Image, divided into 12 digits, by concentrick circles ; and, to another Glass of 6 foot, was applyed, on the parailatick Engine, another circle equal to that at the Focus of the Glass of 40 foot.

In obedience to your commands I have here sent you all the account I am able to give at present of the Lapis Amianthus or Linum fossile Asbestinum which you were inform'd (and that truly) was to be found in the Isle or Anglesey : wherein I shall choose to refer it to your own judgment to determine whether this be the same kind with the Asbestos of the Ancients , or in Some respects different from it.

The paper printed in French and containing a contrivance for a perpetual motion, being set down in such a manner, that can hardly be understood but by those that are much acquainted with such descriptions: I have endeavour'd to explain it as follow's.

Upon Occasion of a Discourse, at a meeting of the Philosophical Society at Oxford ( March 24,1685,) concerning the Advantage which those may have (as to Memory and the Application thereof,) who want their Sight; Dr Wallis confirmed it by this consideration, That even we, that have our Ey-fight, can yet with more advantage apply our memory (in matters of intent consideration) by Night, in the Dark, when all things are Quiet; than by Day, when fights and Noises are apt to divert our Thoughts.

Windows 95 may provide a major stimulus to Intelligent Network (IN) development, to real technological convergence between computing and telecommunication, and to a major reordering of research priorities in the field. The paper examines IN in the context of the evolution of convergence and the larger framework of information superhighway, infrastructure and society developments. It shows how the pace and direction of IN development will be driven by demand associated with organisational and institutional change, not the simple supply of greater capacity or the discovery of ‘killer applications’. This will be associated with a shift in priorities to distributed networking, information-based service development and a diversity of very specific new applications.

In the last papers I published in Phil. Transact . N. 184 against this perpetual Motion described in N. 177.