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Additional file 1. legend Involvement of other potential signaling pathways in EGFL6-mediated angiogenesis and osteogenesis is supported by protein analysis of treated EC cells maintained in vitro. (a) Western blots of cell lysates from EGFL6-treated HUVECs probed with antibodies against Akt, P-Akt, and P-ERK1/2. The cultured cells were treated with 0, 50, 200, or 500 ng/ml EGFL6, and then harvested for protein content. (b, c) Western blots of lysates from EGFL6-treated BMSCs probed with antibodies against Akt and P-Akt. BMSCs underwent osteogenic induction with 0, 50, 200, or 500 ng/ml EGFL6 for 5 days (b) or 10 days (c). GADPH is the loading control.

Additional file 2. legend Rat tibial distraction osteogenesis (DO) model. Representative photographs (ventral views) illustrating steps of the surgical procedure to implant the distraction device (see the Methods for details). The monolateral external fixator device is shown in situ in panels g and h. Animal care and procedures were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital.