11,820 results
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2. Bibliometric analysis for highly cited papers in operations research and management science from 2008 to 2017 based on Essential Science Indicators
- Author
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Huchang Liao, Zongmin Li, Ming Tang, and Benjamin Lev
- Subjects
Essential science indicators ,Engineering ,Information Systems and Management ,Bibliometric analysis ,Operations research ,business.industry ,Strategy and Management ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,02 engineering and technology ,Management Science and Operations Research ,Field (computer science) ,0502 economics and business ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Quality (business) ,business ,050203 business & management ,media_common - Abstract
The Essential Science Indicators (ESI) database is widely used to assess scientific outputs. The ESI database contains papers that entered the top 1% of sum citations in one discipline in the past ten years. Therefore, highly cited papers included in ESI database are of high quality in each field. This paper provides a bibliometric overview on the papers included in the ESI database in the field of operations research & management science. During the years of 2008–2017, there are 646 ESI highly cited papers in this area. Based on these 646 papers, we identify the most influential actors including journals, counties/regions, and institutes. The co-authorship relations among countries, institutes and authors characterize the collaboration status in the field of operations research and management science. The most cited papers are then presented. Finally, author keywords, keywords plus and words in title are analyzed, with hot research topics and future directions being provided.
- Published
- 2019
3. ‘I felt a new connection between my fingers and brain’: a thematic analysis of student reflections on the use of pen and paper during lectures
- Author
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Maja van der Velden
- Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,Critical pedagogy ,Education ,Connection (mathematics) ,Handwriting ,Informatics ,Reading (process) ,0502 economics and business ,Mathematics education ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,Thematic analysis ,Psychology ,Affordance ,0503 education ,050203 business & management ,media_common - Abstract
This paper presents an analysis of a hundred and one handwritten essays by master students in Informatics. The students reflected on their experiences of working with pen and paper for reading and writing as a mandatory assignment for the duration of a five-week intensive course. Taking an inductive approach, reflexive thematic analysis was used to identify patterns of meaning across the full dataset. The essays elicited insightful student reflections on learning, knowing, and being. One overarching theme, New connections, and four sub-theses were identified: Handwriting as note making, Being present for learning, Freedom to think, and Materiality of reading and writing. This study contributes to an improved understanding of the affordances of paper and laptops in the lecture room, based on a student-centred approach, and reflects on how student perspectives can be implemented during lectures.
- Published
- 2021
4. Consumer Centric Data Control, Tracking and Transparency -- A Position Paper
- Author
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Konstantinos Markantonakis, James Tapsell, and Raja Naeem Akram
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FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Computer Science - Cryptography and Security ,Computer science ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Internet privacy ,Commodity ,02 engineering and technology ,Transparency (behavior) ,Data governance ,Entertainment ,020204 information systems ,General Data Protection Regulation ,0502 economics and business ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Position paper ,Quality (business) ,business ,Personally identifiable information ,Cryptography and Security (cs.CR) ,050203 business & management ,media_common - Abstract
Personal data related to a user's activities, preferences and services, is considered to be a valuable commodity not only for a wide range of technology-oriented companies like Google, Amazon and Apple but also for more traditional companies like travel/transport, banking, entertainment and marketing industry. This has resulted in more targeted and to a great extend personalised services for individuals -- in most cases at a minimal financial cost to them. The operational reality upon which a user authorises companies to collect his/her personal data to receive, in return, more personalised/targeted/context-aware services and hassle-free activities (for users) is widely deployed. It becomes evident that the security, integrity and accessibility of the collected data are of paramount importance. These characteristics are becoming more entrenched in the era of Internet-of-Things (IoT), autonomous vehicles and seamless travel. In this position paper, we examine the challenges faced by both users and organisations in dealing with the Personal Identifiable Information (PII). Furthermore, we expand on the implications of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) specifically for the management of the PII. Subsequently, we extend the discussion to future technologies, especially the IoT and integrated transport systems for better customer experience -- and their ramification on the data governance and PII management. Finally, we propose a framework that balances user's privacy and data control with an organisation's objective of delivering quality, targeted and efficient services to their customers using the "collected user data". This framework is referred to as "Consumer Oriented Data Control \& Auditability" (CODCA) and defines the technologies that are adapted to privacy concerns and legal/regulation-frameworks., 10 Pages, 2 Figures, Conference
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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5. Twitter and social accountability: Reactions to the Panama Papers
- Author
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Jeff Everett, Gregory D. Saxton, Dean Neu, and Abu Shiraz Rahaman
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Social accounting ,Information Systems and Management ,Sociology and Political Science ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Social change ,Champion ,050201 accounting ,Public relations ,Variety (cybernetics) ,Accounting ,Political science ,0502 economics and business ,Accountability ,Conversation ,Social media ,business ,Dissemination ,050203 business & management ,Finance ,media_common - Abstract
The potential of social media to disseminate, aggregate, channel and democratize social accountability processes has encouraged a variety of organizations to actively promote and champion such initiatives. These initiatives typically envision a three step social accountability process where, for example, the publication of previously-private financial information about the inappropriate wealth accumulation activities of politicians and their business allies (step #1), combined with social media dissemination and discussion of these activities (step #2), can result in an accountability conversation that spills out of the medium and that sometimes results in positive social change (step #3). The current study examines Twitter reactions to the International Consortium of Investigative Journalist’s (ICIJ) publication of the Panama Papers. The analysis illustrates that there was a Twitter reaction: furthermore, that there were different styles of response and that certain styles were more likely to elicit an audience reaction, especially if the tweeter was a journalist or organization. While the provided analysis focuses on step #2 within the social accountability process, the results imply that publicly-interested accounting academics qua activists can facilitate social accountability by helping to make previously-private financial information public and by cultivating sympathetic individuals within the traditional media as well as within organizations that are active on social media.
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- 2019
6. Creating Market Failure: Business-Government Relations in the British Paper-Pulp Industry, 1950–1980
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Niall MacKenzie
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History ,Government ,060106 history of social sciences ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Interdepartmental Relations ,05 social sciences ,06 humanities and the arts ,Competition (economics) ,Principal (commercial law) ,Political economy ,0502 economics and business ,Business, Management and Accounting (miscellaneous) ,Pulp industry ,Position (finance) ,0601 history and archaeology ,Business ,Business and International Management ,PRISM (surveillance program) ,050203 business & management ,Market failure ,media_common - Abstract
This article examines the nuances and complexities of business-government relations in the British paper-pulp industry between 1950 and 1980 through the prism of interactions between Wiggins, Teape & Co., a paper company, and various U.K. government departments in the postwar period. It highlights the complexity of business-government and interdepartmental relations and tensions, set against the global and domestic paper industry competition and the United Kingdom's international economic position. Long-standing industry underinvestment and interdepartmental tensions in government are identified as principal contributors to the failing competitiveness of the industry and of British businesses more generally in the twentieth century.
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- 2018
7. Halal Brand Personality and Brand Loyalty among Millenials Modest Fashion Consumers in Malaysia: A Conceptual Paper
- Author
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Muhamad Izzuddin Zainudin, Ahmad Syahmi Ahmad Fadzil, Ahmad Syahmi, Nur Ain Syazmeen Binti Ahmad Zaki, Al Amirul Eimer Ramdzan Ali, Abdul Kadir Othman, Mohammad Fahmi Sarin, and Faridah Hassan
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business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Clothing ,Competitive advantage ,Brand loyalty ,Islamic marketing ,Product (business) ,Competition (economics) ,0502 economics and business ,Relevance (law) ,Personality ,050211 marketing ,Business ,Marketing ,050203 business & management ,media_common - Abstract
The growing competition in Malaysia modest fashion industry has proven to be the main challenge for the business to stay relevance in the market. Based on this reason, it is vital for the marketers to create a differentiation in their brands to attract more customers. One of the ways to create this differentiation is by establishing brand personality. Brand personality does not only differentiate from one product to another but it is also a common strategy used by the marketers to create competitive advantage for their business. Although, brand personality has been studied on various product brands, but limited research has been done on Muslim products especially modest fashion apparel. Since modest fashion is considered as Muslim products in Malaysia, this paper examines the relationship between Halal brand personality, brand trust and brand loyalty with the aim to provide a better understanding of the Islamic Marketing concept.
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- 2018
8. A Corporate Tax Return Simulation: Utilizing Electronic Work Papers and Resolving Ambiguous Issues
- Author
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Ellen E. Best and Jennifer Kahle Schafer
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Teamwork ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,050201 accounting ,Public relations ,Education ,Documentation ,Social skills ,Accounting ,0502 economics and business ,Active learning ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,Economics ,Time management ,Project management ,business ,Curriculum ,050203 business & management ,Corporate tax ,media_common - Abstract
Practitioners routinely note that new staff lack documentation skills, communication skills, and strong Excel skills. Further, new staff report critical-thinking, written and oral communication, teamwork, and project management skills deserve greater emphasis in Master of Accountancy programs. The AICPA's (2014) Model Tax Curriculum suggests that active learning approaches be used to enable students to build communication, critical-thinking, and interpersonal skills. This case uses a realistic corporate tax return preparation experience to address these criticisms by focusing on four main areas: time management, communication, research, and technical skills. The case is divided into two phases. In Phase 1, students review client information, generate requests from the client for missing information, keep a log of hours spent on the project, research ambiguous issues, meet with the project “senior” to obtain guidance, and prepare electronic work papers. In Phase 2, students incorporate feedback from the senior's review of their work papers to make corrections, prepare a corporate tax return, and create a client letter. Student feedback about the project is positive.
- Published
- 2017
9. Comparison of prospective mathematics teachers’ problem posing abilities in paper-pencil test and on dynamic geometry environment in terms of creativity
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Mehmet Fatih Öçal, Tuğrul Kar, Ali Ipek, Gürsel Güler, and Belirlenecek
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Structure (mathematical logic) ,geometry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Preservice Teachers ,Creativity ,Pencil test ,Test (assessment) ,GeoGebra ,Nonprobability sampling ,Problem-posing ,0502 economics and business ,Mathematical content ,Mathematics education ,050211 marketing ,Creative thinking ,creativity ,050203 business & management ,media_common - Abstract
This study aims to investigate the similarities and differences between prospective mathematics teachers’ creative thinking skills in paper-pencil test and on a Geogebra-supported environment in terms of problem-posing. This case study used purposive sampling method for determining the participants. Findings revealed that the activities carried out in the GeoGebra-supported environment were insufficient to produce creative problems, and GeoGebra’s main utility to prospective teachers was in identifying their mistakes related to mathematical concepts and discrepancies among numerical values of the problems posed. The reasons for the low achievement in posing problem were discussed: These were; (i) lack of problem-posing experience, (ii) the structure of problem-posing activity, and (iii) prospective teachers’ mathematical content knowledge.
- Published
- 2020
10. Preparation of Papers – Potential Alternate Energy Resources for Sustainability: A Must Need for a top Pilgrimage City
- Author
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Vijayinder Kumar Dogra and Anoop Kumar Sharma
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Engineering ,business.industry ,Contemplation ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Globe ,021107 urban & regional planning ,02 engineering and technology ,Pilgrimage ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,History of religions ,Economy ,Environmental protection ,Paradigm shift ,0502 economics and business ,Sustainability ,Floating population ,medicine ,business ,050203 business & management ,Tourism ,media_common - Abstract
India is developing fast in the lines of some of the greatest cities of the world. Graph from the last 20-25 years show that India has majorly borne a paradigm shift in development icons as such Its cities have surpassed even double to its initial infrastructure during this period. Most of these infrastructural icons have a lot to do with the IT industry boom in the country as such most of these cities (e.g. Delhi, Bombay, Bangalore, Hyderabad etc.) are further burdened with employable youth, who require transit accommodation in the same city as well. There are some other cities too who used to enjoy the tourist or the pilgrims’ inflow by virtue of some kind of religious, natural or heritage resource attached to it. But, as evident in History, India and the Indians are known to be cultural driven, Pilgrimage friendly people. As such, these Blessings to such cities are continuously turning out to be the sufferings in the light of the number of pilgrims/tourists (floating population) these cities bear on daily basis. Most of these cities lack the sustainable infrastructure to uphold these burdens and to meet the energy demands for the well-being of people and city. These infrastructural additions must contemplate the Energy demands of the built form, people and their activities. One of such vulnerable town due to Paradigm shift in its development priorities is KATRA town, which is continuously getting burdened with more and more buildings, people & loss of Rural Greens as such contemplation of energy requirements is the need of the hour. Katra town is world famous for the rich religious history attached to it as it forms the base town (Camp) of Trikuta Hills upon which (12 kms away from base town) the Holy Shrine of Goddess Maa Vaishno Devi is located. Every year millions of Pilgrims from around the globe visit the shrine & the Katra Town. The Katra town is the major contributor of J&K (Jammu & Kashmir State) economy & India at Large. Pertinently, its being projected as one of the smart cities of India in next few years in the lines of leading smart cities of the world.
- Published
- 2017
11. An analysis of the Brazilian researchers on freshwater fish genetics and reproduction as coauthors in academic papers
- Author
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Elisabete Maria Macedo Viegas and Carlos Eduardo M. Viegas da Silva
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General Veterinary ,biology ,Ecology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,020207 software engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,biology.organism_classification ,0502 economics and business ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Freshwater fish ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Reproduction ,050203 business & management ,media_common - Published
- 2017
12. Analysis of quantitative empirical papers on diffusion and adoption of methods, techniques and tools for innovation
- Author
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Pierry Teza, Gertrudes Aparecida Dandolini, Gustavo Tomaz Buchele, and João Artur de Souza
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Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Scopus ,Innovation management ,Ocean Engineering ,Field (computer science) ,Scarcity ,Empirical research ,Tools and techniques for innovation ,0502 economics and business ,Methods ,Quantitative methods ,Tools and Techniques for Innovation ,Innovation ,media_common ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Subject (documents) ,Systematic Survey ,Systematic survey ,Data science ,MTT-I ,New product development ,050211 marketing ,business ,050203 business & management ,Theme (narrative) - Abstract
Effective use of methods, techniques and tools for innovation (MTT-I) has been considered an important factor for successful innovation management. However, studies related to the topic are still scarce, especially those using the quantitative empirical approach for research. Thereby, with the analysis of quantitative empirical papers related to diffusion and adoption of methods, techniques and tools for innovation, we intend to present a portrait of the empirical research on the topic. The analyzed papers were obtained through a systematic survey on two databases: Scopus and Web of Science. It resulted on a corpus of 18 publications, from which main papers, authors, countries and journals that most published about the theme and the most common keywords were identified. Later, the analysis of papers generated an overview of quantitative empirical research related to the topic and indicated areas for further study, contributing to the development of the subject. The study identified the scarcity of research related to the theme of diffusion and adoption of MTT-I and the concentration of quantitative empirical researches in product development, rather than in other results of innovation, such as services and processes. Methodological variations between studies were also identified, making it impossible to compare different contexts. This paper concludes displaying important points for further development of the field.
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- 2016
13. An early algebra approach to pattern generalisation: Actualising the virtual through words, gestures and toilet paper
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Francesca Ferrara and Nathalie Sinclair
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Root (linguistics) ,General Mathematics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Discourse ,Education ,Gesture ,Virtual ,Argument ,0502 economics and business ,Feature (machine learning) ,Mathematics education ,Materialism ,Patterns ,Function (engineering) ,media_common ,Variable (mathematics) ,Cognitive science ,05 social sciences ,Perspective (graphical) ,050301 education ,Discourse, Generalisation, Gesture, Materialism, Patterns, Variable, Virtual ,Variable ,Generalisation ,Psychology ,0503 education ,Early Algebra ,050203 business & management - Abstract
This paper focuses on pattern generalisation as a way to introduce young students to early algebra. We build on research on patterning activities that feature, in their work with algebraic thinking, both looking for sameness recursively in a pattern (especially figural patterns, but also numerical ones) and conjecturing about function-based relationships that relate variables. We propose a new approach to pattern generalisation that seeks to help children (grades 2 and 3) work both recursively and functionally, and to see how these two modes are connected through the notion of variable. We argue that a crucial change must occur in order for young learners to develop a flexible algebraic discourse. We draw on Sfard’s (2008) communication approach and on Châtelet’s (2000) notion of the virtual in order to pursue this argument. We also root our analyses within a new materialist perspective that seeks to describe phenomena in terms of material entanglement, which include, in our classroom research context, not just the children and the teacher, but also words, gestures, physical objects and arrangements, as well as numbers, operations and variables.
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- 2016
14. How to Discuss a Paper: Developing and Showcasing Your Scholarly Skills
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Michael R. Kinney, Kirsten A. Cook, Matt Hart, and Derek Oler
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Process (engineering) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Accounting research ,050201 accounting ,Education ,Accounting ,0502 economics and business ,Engineering ethics ,Quality (business) ,Sociology ,Doctoral education ,050203 business & management ,media_common - Abstract
We offer this paper as a primer for accounting doctoral students and new faculty on how to discuss a paper. We believe that this topic can serve to “jump start” the engagement of students and junior faculty in developing and delivering quality discussions. We begin by emphasizing the importance and benefits of being a good discussant to both the profession and the discussant. We then outline the discussion process and provide detailed suggestions on points to consider in each phase of this process: (1) volunteering to discuss, (2) receiving the discussion assignment, (3) preparing the discussion, (4) presenting the discussion, and (5) following up with the authors after the discussion. Next, we examine data that highlight the need for additional discussant volunteers at conferences. Finally, we present possible innovations to foster high-quality discussions. This paper formalizes the ideal process typically learned through years of mentoring and conference experience.
- Published
- 2014
15. Rejoinder on Ivari’s paper: 'How to improve the quality of peer reviews? – Three suggestions for system- level changes
- Author
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Manuel Mora
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media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,02 engineering and technology ,020204 information systems ,0502 economics and business ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,System level ,Quality (business) ,Marketing ,Psychology ,050203 business & management ,Information Systems ,media_common - Published
- 2016
16. La gloire de l'industrie, XVIIe–XIXe siècle: Faire de l'histoire avec Gérard Gayot [Splendors of Industry, Seventeenth to Nineteenth Centuries: A Tribute to Gérard Gayot]. Edited by Corine Maitte, Philippe Minard, and Matthieu de Oliveira. Rennes: Presses Universitaire de Rennes, 2013. 341 pp. Illustrations, figures, tables, notes. Paper, €18.00. ISBN: 978-2-7535-1800-1
- Author
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Claire Lemercier
- Subjects
History ,Enthusiasm ,060106 history of social sciences ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Modern history ,Annales School ,06 humanities and the arts ,Capitalism ,language.human_language ,German ,Edited volume ,0502 economics and business ,language ,Economic history ,Business, Management and Accounting (miscellaneous) ,0601 history and archaeology ,Sociology ,Business and International Management ,Humanities ,050203 business & management ,Period (music) ,Social movement ,media_common - Abstract
Gerard Gayot (1941–2009) was a French historian who embodied the best of the tradition of the Annales School, while also giving it a new turn. Along with his colleague Jean-Pierre Hirsch, also active in the University of Lille, he put enormous energy and enthusiasm into bridging many gaps—between early modern and modern history, as his questions on industrialization and the birth of capitalism spanned the whole 1700–1900 period; between the history of fi rms, of workers, of capitalists, and that of social movements, technologies and gestures, and cultural attitudes; and between French, Belgian, German, Italian, and other literatures, especially as the editor, with Giovanni Luigi Fontana, of the monumental volume Wool: Products and Markets (13th–20th Century) (2004). His premature death hit the discipline hard. Hence, this edited volume gathers papers by his former doctoral students and other colleagues for whom he opened new avenues of research (...).
- Published
- 2013
17. Institution, Internationalization and Innovation: Three Papers on Penetration of Emerging-Market Multinational Enterprises into Developed Markets
- Author
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Victor Zitian Chen
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business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,International economics ,Foreign direct investment ,International trade ,Internationalization ,Multinational corporation ,0502 economics and business ,Penetration (warfare) ,Institution ,Business ,050207 economics ,Emerging markets ,050203 business & management ,media_common - Published
- 2012
18. Repurposing without purpose? Early innovation responses to the COVID‐19 crisis: Evidence from clinical trials
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Bastian Rake and Marvin Hanisch
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Strategy and Management ,media_common.quotation_subject ,repurposing ,Context (language use) ,virus ,Crisis management ,050905 science studies ,Management of Technology and Innovation ,Special Issue Paper ,0502 economics and business ,Quality (business) ,crisis management ,Business and International Management ,Marketing ,Repurposing ,media_common ,treatment ,Special Issue Papers ,pandemic ,05 social sciences ,Novelty ,COVID-19 ,clinical trial ,General Business, Management and Accounting ,innovation ,Clinical trial ,Incentive ,Business ,0509 other social sciences ,050203 business & management ,Barriers to entry - Abstract
The novel coronavirus has created one of the biggest social and economic challenges in recent decades. Since a critical issue in overcoming a large‐scale pandemic involves finding effective treatments for the disease, there is typically urgent pressure on the health‐care sector to develop innovations to combat the pandemic. Recently, scholars have argued that repurposing – that is, reusing an existing innovation in a different context – allows for such rapid innovation responses and can reduce costs, as the groundwork has already been laid. In this paper, we compare these benefits with the considerable disadvantages associated with innovation repurposing, including lowered barriers to entry, which can lead to declining average quality and duplicate work. Using data on 2,456 COVID‐19‐related clinical trials initiated between December 2019 and July 2020, we find that merely one‐third of the trials actually investigated drugs or vaccines, whereas the rest focused on diagnostics and crisis management issues. In the trials concerning drug testing, we find that drug repurposing is a predominant innovation strategy, but many trials tested the same (combination of) drugs. This indicates an inefficient use of resources and reductions in the average variety and novelty of clinical trials. Furthermore, the small percentage of biopharmaceutical firms involved in the search for COVID‐19 treatments raises the question of whether firms may have insufficient incentives to redirect innovation efforts to respond to the pandemic. Our paper contributes to crisis management research, the nascent debate on COVID‐19, and the emerging literature on innovation repurposing.
- Published
- 2021
19. 'Tit for Tat'—The Outcomes of Coaching in Service Companies
- Author
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Holger Roschk and Christina-Franca Feyertag
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Service (business) ,ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Applied psychology ,General Medicine ,Coaching ,Tit for tat ,0502 economics and business ,Personality ,Position paper ,050211 marketing ,Job satisfaction ,Industrial and organizational psychology ,Psychology ,business ,Tertiary sector of the economy ,050203 business & management ,media_common - Abstract
Workplace coaching has been established as a popular managerial development tool to support employees on all hierarchical levels. In service industries, coaching is underrepresented. This is rather surprising because more than in any other industry, the employees’ attitudes and personal job satisfaction have an impact on customers’ service perceptions. Thus, taking care of the service personnel should be a top concern for service firms. This position paper therefore presents the challenges service employees are confronted with, according to their distance to the customer, and describes how coaching may help them to overcome those challenges from a conceptual point of view. Service employees may be influenced by workplace coaching, affecting not only their work performance (i.e. skill-based outcomes), but also their attitude and personality (i.e. psychological outcomes). Theoretically, this study adds on previous research, by presenting a conceptual discussion of positive outcomes of coaching for service organizations, which is supplemented by considerations about negative or unwanted effects. Service practitioners learn that coaching can be widely applied to different employee groups and gain a differentiated perspective about conceivable positive and negative outcomes.
- Published
- 2021
20. Some twins are not alike: FDI premia in the former Soviet states
- Author
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Valeria Gattai, Rajssa Mechelli, Piergiovanna Natale, Gattai, V, Mechelli, R, and Natale, P
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Paper document ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,FDI ,05 social sciences ,Developing country ,Sample (statistics) ,International trade ,Foreign direct investment ,International economics ,Russia ,Originality ,0502 economics and business ,Value (economics) ,Economics ,Patent ,Premia ,050207 economics ,business ,Innovation ,Emerging markets ,Productivity ,050203 business & management ,Former Soviet state ,media_common - Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to estimate foreign direct investment (FDI) premia in the former Soviet states.Design/methodology/approachThe authors follow an empirical approach. Using Orbis data for a sample of more than 3,000 companies, the authors characterize FDI involvement and FDI premia of firms from three distinctive groups of former Soviet states, designated “upper-middle”-income, “lower-middle”-income and “high”-income countries. This yields interesting within-group and between-group results on the effects of outward FDI (OFDI) and inward FDI (IFDI) on firm-level innovation.FindingsThe authors unveil new facts about innovation and FDI in the former Soviet states. FDI firms innovate more than non-FDI firms and OFDI firms innovate more than IFDI firms. The innovation effect of OFDI is the largest for firms from the “lower-middle” countries, followed by the “high” and “upper-middle” countries. The innovation effect of IFDI is the largest for firms from the “lower-middle” countries, followed by the “upper-middle” and “high” countries. FDI to and from Europe has the largest impact on innovation; this holds across country groups.Research limitations/implicationsThe estimates of this paper document robust FDI premia, i.e., a positive and significant correlation between firm-level innovation and FDI. However, the cross-sectional nature of the data does not permit a proper causality analysis.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the literature on FDI premia by: considering IFDI and OFDI in a unified empirical framework; dissecting IFDI and OFDI by location; measuring firm-level productivity in terms of innovation; and providing cross-country comparable evidence on both emerging and advanced economies. At the same time, the paper contributes to the literature on FDI from emerging economies by: taking a firm-level quantitative approach; focusing on a relatively unexplored set of countries; and providing comparable cross-country evidence on both emerging and advanced economies.
- Published
- 2019
21. Activating salesperson resilience during the COVID-19 crisis: The roles of employer event communication and customer demandingness
- Author
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Tuan Trong Luu
- Subjects
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,0502 economics and business ,medicine ,Business sector ,Marketing ,Emerging markets ,Practical implications ,Intrusive rumination ,media_common ,Resilience ,Event (computing) ,Communication ,05 social sciences ,COVID-19 ,Vietnam ,Rumination ,Workforce ,Customer demandingness ,050211 marketing ,Psychological resilience ,Business ,medicine.symptom ,Deliberate rumination ,050203 business & management ,Research Paper - Abstract
Business-to-business (B2B) sales sector is among the business sectors severely affected by the COVID-19 outbreak. It is critical to understand how to help the workforce in the B2B sales sector grow resilient through such a crisis. The main aim of this study is to examine the role of employer event communication in fostering B2B salesperson resilience. The data were collected from 447 sales employees from manufacturing firms in an Asian emerging market during the pandemic crisis. The results revealed the positive link between employer event communication and salesperson resilience. Deliberate rumination was detected as a mediator for the relationship between employer event communication and resilience. However, while the significant and negative association was observed between employer event communication and intrusive rumination, the non-significant relationship occurred between intrusive rumination and resilience. Customer demandingness moderated the effects of intrusive and deliberate rumination on salesperson resilience. Discussions on theoretical and practical implications are displayed.
- Published
- 2021
22. The Relationship of Risk to Rules, Values, Virtues, and Moral Complexity: What We can Learn from the Moral Struggles of Military Leaders
- Author
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Kate Robinson, David Rooney, and Bernard McKenna
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Economics and Econometrics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Agency (philosophy) ,Discourse ,0603 philosophy, ethics and religion ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Military ,Moral agency ,Political science ,Virtues ,0502 economics and business ,Contradiction ,Deterrence theory ,Business and International Management ,media_common ,Original Paper ,05 social sciences ,Environmental ethics ,Values ,06 humanities and the arts ,General Business, Management and Accounting ,Ethical leadership ,Leadership ,Agency ,Vignette ,060301 applied ethics ,Bureaucracy ,Business ethics ,Law ,050203 business & management - Abstract
Leaders are faced with ethical and moral dilemmas daily, like those within the military who must span from large-scale combat operations to security cooperation and deterrence. For businesses, these dilemmas can include social and environmental impact such as those in mining; and for governments, the social and economic impact of their decision-making in their response to COVID-19. The move by Western defence forces to align their foundational principles, policies, and “soldier” dispositions with the changing values of the countries they serve are starkly illustrative of challenges faced by all leaders. While admirable, such changes face the apparent contradiction of enhancing individual moral agency within a hierarchical organization that maintain enforceable codes of conduct. Ethical leadership theory provides aspirational goals, but lacks empirically based guidance on how to implement policies that facilitate values-based behavior. Using a discourse theory analysis of a moral dilemma vignette with Royal Australian Air Force personnel, this research identifies important aspects of agency and subject position that must be addressed if such policies are to succeed. These findings show that the potential contradiction can be addressed by acknowledging the contrasting tendency to bureaucratic process by leaders at upper levels, while lower-level leaders address moral issues by incorporating their subjectivity and making a conscious deontological choice between humanity and comrade loyalty.
- Published
- 2021
23. Articles for a Special Issue of Public Organization Review (POR) on Corruption, Lack of Transparency and the Misuse of Public Funds in Times of Crisis
- Author
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Giuseppe Lucio Gaeta, Salvatore Capasso, Ali Farazmand, and Elina De Simone
- Subjects
Download ,Corruption ,business.industry ,Corporate governance ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Warranty ,Accounting research ,Public policy ,ComputingMilieux_LEGALASPECTSOFCOMPUTING ,Public relations ,Transparency (behavior) ,0506 political science ,Call for paper Proposals ,0502 economics and business ,050602 political science & public administration ,Business, Management and Accounting (miscellaneous) ,business ,Law ,050203 business & management ,media_common ,Public finance - Abstract
When rent extraction and monitoring failures affects the citizens-government relationship (Lederman et al., [4]), room for corruption emerges. The symposium welcomes researchers from different disciplines, from public administration to management and accounting research, economics and political science, sociological and organization studies, public policy, and beyond. International organizations such as the IMF and Transparency International emphasize the importance of adopting stricter anti-corruption measures to strengthen governance during COVID-19 emergency. [Extracted from the article] Copyright of Public Organization Review is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
24. UBUNTU AS FOREIGN POLICY: THE AMBIGUITIES OF SOUTH AFRICA'S BRAND IMAGE AND IDENTITY
- Author
-
Garth le Pere
- Subjects
International relations ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Rainbow nation ,Economic Justice ,Democracy ,White paper ,Foreign policy ,Political economy ,Political science ,0502 economics and business ,Democratization ,050207 economics ,050203 business & management ,Diplomacy ,media_common - Abstract
South Africa's 2011 White Paper on foreign policy, "Building a Better World", is predicated on the far-reaching ambition of how Ubuntu (humanity) and Batho Pele (putting people first) together with their underlying humanist principles will guide the country's external relations. However, while noble, this calculus is poorly conceived as an approach to global issues. The article argues that while still a relatively successful nation brand if measured by marketing indicators, South Africa's normative currency and agency in foreign policy has depreciated considerably, with a direct bearing on its nation brand and identity. These are examined with regard to the security of citizens and the personality of the state and provide a register of the branding and image deficits of the White Paper. Such deficits are then considered in terms of the cosmopolitan vision in South Africa's foreign policy and its moral and normative underpinnings. The article provides examples in both the domestic and global regimes to demonstrate the extent to which South Africa has lost its normative resilience in the conduct of its foreign policy, thus giving rise to ambiguities in its brand image and identity. 1. Introduction South Africa's White Paper on foreign policy was released in May 2011 under the title Building a Better World: The Diplomacy of Ubuntu. This is a highly significant document because it represents the first time since South Africa's transition to democracy in 1994 that a strategic road-map in the form of this White Paper has been produced to shape the principles and practice of its foreign policy into the future. The document thus provides the substantive, normative, and conceptual parameters to guide South Africa's diplomacy on the basis of the people-oriented philosophy of Ubuntu and Batho Pele. Beginning in 1996, a variety of ad hoc policy documents were produced which had a bearing on the general conversation about the scope and domain of South Africa's expanding range of foreign policy challenges. However, the White Paper is the first consolidated attempt to develop an official and formal policy template that provides a vision for the country's foreign policy informed by the path it has travelled on the road to liberation and since then after its democratic transition. Quite crucially, it is also a highly aspirational and philosophical statement of what the country hopes to achieve under the institutional and diplomatic custodianship of the Department of International Relations and Cooperation (DIRCO). The White Paper thus offers an analytical opportunity to assess South Africa's success or otherwise as a nation brand since in many ways this brand embodies an 'ecosystem' that has both shaped and determined the political and social construction of its international image and identity. At a fundamental level, South Africa's nation brand in foreign policy is deeply rooted in the ethos of its liberation from apartheid rule and the nature of its transition to democracy. This takes on added significance since there were dour predictions of a racial civil war and harbingers of an apocalyptic future given the seeming intractability of apartheid rule. And, therefore, its complex but ultimately successful transition was rightfully extolled as "one of the most extraordinary political transformations of the twentieth century" (Financial Times, 18 July 1994). This attribute has become a critical constituent element of South Africa's branding 'ecosystem' and is best captured in the metaphor of the 'Rainbow Nation'. It is for these reasons that the Foreword of the White Paper emphasises the importance of Pan-Africanism and South-South solidarity as anchors of the country's international engagements since both were formative influences in its liberation trajectory. These influences are complemented by other foundational norms of South Africa's foreign policy such as global equity and justice; building strong partnerships with developed countries; and strengthening the multilateral system. …
- Published
- 2021
25. A genealogy of EU discourses and practices of deliberative governance: Beyond states and markets?
- Author
-
Owen Parker
- Subjects
Majoritarianism ,Public Administration ,Sociology and Political Science ,Status quo ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Corporate governance ,05 social sciences ,Commission ,Genealogy ,0506 political science ,Politics ,White paper ,Political science ,0502 economics and business ,050602 political science & public administration ,Normative ,050203 business & management ,Legitimacy ,media_common - Abstract
The paper offers a genealogy of ‘deliberative governance’ in the EU – an important contemporary discourse and practice of ‘throughput legitimacy’ within that setting. It focuses on three key episodes: the late 1990s ‘Governance’ reports of the European Commission’s in‐house think‐tank, the Forward Studies Unit (FSU); the Commission’s 2001 White Paper on Governance; and the EU’s ‘Open Method of Co‐ordination’, which emerged in the 1990s and was widely studied in the early and mid 2000s. The genealogy serves to highlight the particular intellectual lineages and political contingencies associated with such a discourse and in so doing points to its exclusive potential in both theory and practice. In particular, the paper argues that it excludes, on the one hand, those championing the enduring sociological and normative importance of the nation‐state and an associated representative majoritarianism and, on the other hand, those (excessively) critical of a functionalist, neo‐liberal, market‐making status quo.
- Published
- 2018
26. The Influence of Political Regime on State-Level Disciplinary Actions of CPAs Sanctioned by the PCAOB
- Author
-
Abdullah I. Al-Moshaigeh, Julia L. Higgs, and Denise Dickins
- Subjects
Economics and Econometrics ,Delegate ,media_common.quotation_subject ,0603 philosophy, ethics and religion ,Politics ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,State (polity) ,Sanctions ,0502 economics and business ,Business and International Management ,Enforcement ,media_common ,Law and economics ,Original Paper ,Board of Accountancy ,05 social sciences ,06 humanities and the arts ,PCAOB ,General Business, Management and Accounting ,Democracy ,CPA ,Residence ,060301 applied ethics ,Business ,Business ethics ,Law ,050203 business & management - Abstract
We investigate whether enforcement is influenced by politics by comparing the severity of PCAOB sanctions of individual CPAs to the severity of related state-level disciplinary actions imposed by boards of accountancy (BOAs). Our results provide evidence that when responding to PCAOB sanctions, BOAs under Republican regimes impose less severe penalties than do BOAs under Democratic regimes. Our data and analyses inform the regulatory and enforcement practices of the accounting profession and other professions. Most directly, motivated by improvements in technology that facilitate the cross-jurisdiction practice of public accounting, states have adopted mobility laws where CPAs are only required to be licensed in their state of residence to practice in multiple states. These laws simplify licensing but may complicate enforcement. Beyond generalized red-state, blue-state differences in enforcement, we find that non-resident CPAs receive less severe disciplinary actions. If not reasonably consistent across BOAs, regulators may be unwilling to delegate responsibility for enforcement to another state's BOA.
- Published
- 2021
27. Applying Complexity Theory to a Hospital Complex Patient Care Program
- Author
-
Harvey H Newnham, Felice Borghmans, and Venesser Fernandes
- Subjects
Information management ,Medicine (General) ,Health (social science) ,Sociology and Political Science ,Guiding Principles ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Viable system model ,Complexity ,systems ,information ,integration ,Network theory ,03 medical and health sciences ,R5-920 ,0302 clinical medicine ,Perspective Paper ,0502 economics and business ,Health care ,Cybernetics ,030212 general & internal medicine ,media_common ,business.industry ,Health Policy ,05 social sciences ,Integrated care ,Engineering management ,Conceptual model ,business ,medical, nursing, allied health, management ,050203 business & management - Abstract
Increasingly, complexity science concepts are informing health care design and practice. The present paper describes the implementation of early complexity science principles in a Complex Care Program with the aim of strengthening the provision of integrated care. Grounded in cybernetic network theory, Stafford Beer’s Viable Systems Model [1] provided the guiding principles for the program’s redesign. The Viable Systems Model with its broadly applicable principles [1], is now the conceptual model of information management in the program. Beer’s framework has enabled a relatively small number of clinicians to coordinate care for a large cohort of patients with significant clinical complexity, and a multitude of providers, in the community setting.
- Published
- 2021
28. Management in times of crisis: Can collective plans prepare teams to make and implement good decisions?
- Author
-
Frank Wieber, J. Lukas Thürmer, and Peter M. Gollwitzer
- Subjects
Value (ethics) ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Process management ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Team decisions ,Laboratory experiments ,Face (sociological concept) ,Management Science and Operations Research ,658.403: Entscheidungsfindung, Informationsmanagement ,050105 experimental psychology ,ddc:150 ,Originality ,Causal processes ,0502 economics and business ,Psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,media_common ,05 social sciences ,Perspective (graphical) ,General Business, Management and Accounting ,Intervention (law) ,Action (philosophy) ,Collective implementation intentions ,Decision process ,050203 business & management ,Collective implementation intentions, Team decisions, Causal processes, Laboratory experiments Paper type General review - Abstract
PurposeCrises such as the Coronavirus pandemic pose extraordinary challenges to the decision making in management teams. Teams need to integrate available information quickly to make informed decisions on the spot and update their decisions as new information becomes available. Moreover, making good decisions is hard as it requires sacrifices for the common good, and finally, implementing the decisions made is not easy as it requires persistence in the face of strong counterproductive social pressures.Design/methodology/approachWe provide a “psychology of action” perspective on making team-based management decisions in crisis by introducing collective implementation intentions (We-if-then plans) as a theory-based intervention tool to improve decision processes. We discuss our program of research on forming and acting on We-if-then plans in ad hoc teams facing challenging situations.FindingsTeams with We-if-then plans consistently made more informed decisions when information was socially or temporally distributed, when decision makers had to make sacrifices for the common good, and when strong social pressures opposed acting on their decisions. Preliminary experimental evidence indicates that assigning simple We-if-then plans had similar positive effects as providing a leader to steer team processes.Originality/valueOur analysis of self-regulated team decisions helps understand and improve how management teams can make and act on good decisions in crises such as the Coronavirus pandemic.
- Published
- 2020
29. Social Media as a Form of Virtual Whistleblowing: Empirical Evidence for Elements of the Diamond Model
- Author
-
Ana Beatriz Lopes de Sousa Jabbour, Charbel José Chiappetta Jabbour, and Hengky Latan
- Subjects
Financial incentive ,Economics and Econometrics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,0603 philosophy, ethics and religion ,Rationalization (economics) ,Opportunity ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Wrongdoing ,Capability ,0502 economics and business ,Pressure ,Business ethics ,Social media ,Business and International Management ,Empirical evidence ,media_common ,Rationalization ,Original Paper ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Stakeholder ,06 humanities and the arts ,Public relations ,General Business, Management and Accounting ,Diamond model ,Incentive ,060301 applied ethics ,Business ,Law ,050203 business & management ,Online whistleblowing - Abstract
This article originally advances the field of organizational whistleblowing by empirically investigating the suitability of the four elements of the fraud diamond as a means to understand the intention to disclose wrongdoing through virtual channels. This article also makes a contribution on the theme of whistleblowing as it relates to customers, an under-studied, however, relevant stakeholder in this field. The main findings of the article are as follows: (a) the four elements of the fraud diamond as they relate to whistleblowing—a combination of pressure, financial incentive, opportunity and rationalization, and capability—can explain the intentions behind customer reports of wrongdoing; (b) online social media channels are customers’ preferred means of whistleblowing; (c) the elements of opportunity and capability are strongly correlated with the use of social media as a method of disclosing wrongdoing; and (d) virtual channels can be useful for whistleblowers in order to avoid potential retaliation. Unique managerial and academic implications of these research findings are also discussed, extending the layers of knowledge on whistleblowing in organizations.
- Published
- 2020
30. Subconscious influences on perceived cleanliness in hospitality settings
- Author
-
Anita Zehrer and Vincent P. Magnini
- Subjects
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Shininess ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Small hospitality venues ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Strategy and Management ,Cruise ,Cleanliness ,Experienscape ,Hospitality ,Perception ,0502 economics and business ,Perceived cleanliness ,Marketing ,Lighting ,media_common ,Service (business) ,Ambient scents ,Subconscious ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,White bedding ,Plants ,Influencer marketing ,Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management ,050211 marketing ,Psychology ,business ,050203 business & management ,Research Paper - Abstract
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, now and for years to come, guests at hospitality venues will have heightened awareness with regard to formulating their perceptions of cleanliness. While perceived cleanliness has received attention in our existing body of literature, this conceptual paper integrates potential subconscious influencers on cleanliness perceptions into our understanding. Specifically, findings contained in various streams of research suggest that a number of factors can have subconscious influences on individuals’ perceptions of cleanliness in service environments. Such factors include the degree of lighting, the presence of plants / greenery, the shininess of surfaces, the use of ambient scents, the use of white bedding, and the presence of cleaning staff. Evidently, the sooner hospitality venues (particularly airlines, lodging operations, restaurants, and cruise ships) are perceived as clean and safe, the faster they will recover from the pandemic. As such, this paper is rich with both practical and research implications.
- Published
- 2020
31. Quantifying the impact of <scp>COVID</scp> ‐19 on the individuals in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A <scp>cross‐sectional</scp> descriptive study of the <scp>posttraumatic</scp> growth
- Author
-
Boshra A. Arnout and Hanan H Al-Sufyani
- Subjects
Public Administration ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Academic Papers ,posttraumatic growth PTG ,0502 economics and business ,Gratitude ,medicine ,Academic Paper ,050207 economics ,resilience ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,media_common ,Posttraumatic growth ,05 social sciences ,personal relationships ,COVID‐19 pandemic ,Scale (social sciences) ,Political Science and International Relations ,Anxiety ,Psychological resilience ,Descriptive research ,medicine.symptom ,spiritual connection ,Psychology ,050203 business & management ,emotional strength ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
This study seeks to explore the effect of the COVID‐19 outbreak pandemic on the posttraumatic growth among Saudi individuals and also to assess the effect of demographic variables on the PTG. A descriptive design was applied to detect the level of PTG and to determine the differences in PTG due to demographic variables. A randomized sample consisting of 365 participants was chosen; the participants’ ages ranged between 20 and 60. The study sample was divided into subgroups according to demographic variables. The posttraumatic growth scale (PTG‐21) applied online to the study sample. The results indicated that there were high levels of improved personal relationships, increased emotional strength and resilience, greater spiritual connection, and a heightened sense of gratitude toward life among Saudis, while there were low levels of the new opportunities and the total score of posttraumatic growth. The results also found that there are significant statistical differences in the PTG due to demographic variables except academic degree has not no effect in PTG. The findings highlighting the importance of the psychological service centers, to help who suffer from the negative effects of COVID‐19 pandemic outbreak symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and obsessive compulsive.
- Published
- 2021
32. Good governance and COVID‐19: The digital bureaucracy to response the pandemic (Singapore as a model)
- Author
-
Ahmed Mohammad Abdou
- Subjects
Government ,Public Administration ,pandemic ,Singapore government ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Academic Papers ,05 social sciences ,digital bureaucracy ,Public administration ,Transparency (behavior) ,Politics ,Good governance ,COVID‐19 ,Order (exchange) ,good governance ,0502 economics and business ,Political Science and International Relations ,Pandemic ,Accountability ,Academic Paper ,Bureaucracy ,Business ,050207 economics ,050203 business & management ,media_common - Abstract
Since 2019, countries in the world have been facing many economic, political, social, and health shocks and challenges that are not easily faced with the COVID‐19 pandemic, including Singapore. Under these conditions, the performance of the governance system in dealing with a pandemic is tested transparently in public. However, the implementation of good governance by the Singapore government itself is carried out by steps and decisions that will be taken and implemented through the digital bureaucracy to the community in order to suppress the positive number of COVID‐19. The application of good governance also needs support other crucial elements that improved by digital bureaucracy, which are transparency, accountability, efficiency and effective.
- Published
- 2021
33. Demand smoothing response by street‐level bureaucrats ( <scp>SLB</scp> ) in delivering public services during <scp>COVID</scp> ‐19 scenario: A system dynamics modeling study
- Author
-
Prusty, Santosh Kumar and Mahapatra, Diptiranjan
- Subjects
street‐level bureaucrats ,Public Administration ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Corporate governance ,Academic Papers ,05 social sciences ,fixes‐that‐fail ,Public policy ,Public administration ,Discretion ,Outreach ,Scholarship ,public service delivery ,COVID‐19 ,0502 economics and business ,Political Science and International Relations ,Accountability ,Conceptual model ,Academic Paper ,system dynamics ,Business ,050207 economics ,Inefficiency ,050203 business & management ,media_common - Abstract
During such unprecedented time as COVID-19, despite stretched to its limit, public service delivery remains crucial to societies' well-being. Street-level bureaucrats (SLBs), specifically, become the most visible outreach of public policies to citizen. However, as the literature suggests, unintended outcomes of SLBs-citizen interfacing have been discretion, inefficiency and accountability, an issue lies at the heart of the standard public governance. No scholarly attempt has been made in the past to address this shortcoming. This research by proposing a conceptual model using system dynamics captures the complexity, and in so doing posits testable hypotheses that instigate an alternative visualization of public affairs, thereby closing the gap in the SLB scholarship.
- Published
- 2021
34. Drivers of research impact: evidence from the top three finance journals
- Author
-
Zhichuan (Frank) Li and Chongyu Dang
- Subjects
Finance ,Impact factor ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Economics, Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous) ,Perspective (graphical) ,Paper quality ,Presentation ,Citation analysis ,Accounting ,0502 economics and business ,050211 marketing ,Sociology ,business ,050203 business & management ,Research method ,media_common - Abstract
We study the characteristics of all published papers in the top three finance journals (JF, JFE and RFS), and how these paper characteristics affect the number of citations in Google Scholar and the Web of Science database. First, we find the characteristics in the universalist perspective remain constant while the characteristics in the constructivist and presentation perspectives increase over time. Second, some characteristics are significantly different between the high-impact and the low-impact papers. Third, paper quality, research method, journal placement and paper age are the most important drivers. Last, different drivers play different roles in different journals.
- Published
- 2018
35. Democratic legitimacy in global platform governance
- Author
-
Blayne Haggart and Clara Iglesias Keller
- Subjects
Economics and Econometrics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Library and Information Sciences ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,human rights ,Management Information Systems ,White paper ,State (polity) ,Political science ,0502 economics and business ,democratic legitimacy ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,input legitimacy ,050207 economics ,European union ,Legitimacy ,media_common ,Law and economics ,Communication ,Corporate governance ,05 social sciences ,16. Peace & justice ,Global governance ,Democracy ,global governance ,platform governance ,Legitimation ,ddc:300 ,050203 business & management ,Information Systems - Abstract
The goal of this paper is to propose a democratic legitimacy framework for evaluating platform-goverance proposals, and in doing so clarify terms of debate in this area, allowing for more nuanced policy assessments. It applies a democratic legitimacy framework originally created to assess the European Union's democratic bona fides – Vivian Schmidt's (2013) modification of Scharpf's (1999) well-known taxonomy of forms of democratic legitimacy – to various representative platform governance proposals and policies. The first section discusses briefly the issue of legitimacy in internet and platform governance, while the second outlines our analytical framework. The second section describes the three forms of legitimacy that, according to this framework, are necessary for democratic legitimation: input, throughput and output legitimacy. The third section demonstrates our framework's utility by applying it to four paradigmatic proposals/regimes: Facebook's Oversight Board (self-governance regimes); adjudication-focused proposals such as the Manila Principles for Intermediary Liability (rule-of-law-focused regimes); the human-rights-focused framework proposed by then-UN Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression; and the United Kingdom's Online Harms White Paper (domestic regime). Section four describes our four main findings regarding the case studies: non-state proposals seem to focus on throughput legitimacy; input legitimacy requirements are frequently under examined; state regulation is usually side-lined as a policy option; and output legitimacy is a limited standard to be adopted in supranational contexts. We conclude that only by considering legitimacy as a multifaceted phenomenon based in democratic accountability will it be possible to design platform-governance models that will not only stand the test of time, but will also be accepted by the people whose lives they affect.
- Published
- 2021
36. Tinker, tailor, policy-maker: can the UK government’s teaching excellence framework deliver its objectives?
- Author
-
Linda Anne Barkas, Jonathan M. Scott, Paul J Smith, and Nicola J. Poppitt
- Subjects
Government ,Higher education ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,sub_highereducation ,050301 education ,Context (language use) ,Public relations ,Employability ,Education ,White paper ,Excellence ,Political science ,0502 economics and business ,Bureaucracy ,business ,Tinker ,0503 education ,050203 business & management ,media_common - Abstract
The Teaching Excellence Framework (TEF), originally proposed in the UK government’s Higher Education White Paper, now the Higher Education and Research Act 2017, is a national mechanism to assess teaching quality in universities. This article provides a critical account of the TEF, underpinned by an overview of the policy context and marketisation and employability agendas exploring the rationale for implementing TEF within universities. We argue, first, that the White Paper’s narrative, the rhetoric of the TEF, seems positive but its implementation appears to be conceptually flawed. Second, its complex quality metrics system demands yet another layer of bureaucracy in an already micro-managed system of higher education. Third, claims made by the White Paper must be supported by evidence-based research to ensure that the objectives are clear. We conclude by questioning whether the quality of the student experience can be improved by the TEF reforms.
- Published
- 2017
37. The emotional labour of boundary spanning
- Author
-
Catherine Needham, Sharon H. Mastracci, and Catherine Mangan
- Subjects
Value (ethics) ,Health (social science) ,Knowledge management ,Public Administration ,Sociology and Political Science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Boundary spanning ,Integration ,Boundary (real estate) ,Professional boundaries ,Originality ,Argument ,0502 economics and business ,050602 political science & public administration ,media_common ,Emotion ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Professionals ,Public relations ,0506 political science ,Emotional labor ,Public service ,business ,Psychology ,050203 business & management ,Research Paper - Abstract
Purpose Within public services there is a widely recognised role for workers who operate across organisational and professional boundaries. Much of this literature focusses on the organisational implications rather than on how boundary spanners engage with citizens. An increased number of public service roles require boundary spanning to support citizens with cross-cutting issues. The purpose of this paper is to explicate the emotional labour within the interactions that boundary spanners have with citizens, requiring adherence to display rules and building trust. Design/methodology/approach This is a conceptual paper which draws on illustrative examples to draw out the emotional labour within two types of boundary spanning: explicit and emergent. Findings Emotional labour theory offers a way to classify these interactions as requiring high, medium or low degrees of emotional labour. Boundary spanning theory contributes an understanding of how emotional labour is likely to be differently experienced depending on whether the boundary spanning is an explicit part of the job, or an emergent property. Originality/value Drawing on examples from public service work in a range of advanced democracies, the authors make a theoretical argument, suggesting that a more complete view of boundary spanning must account for individual-level affect and demands upon workers. Such a focus captures the “how” of the boundary spanning public encounter, and not just the institutional, political and organisational dimensions examined in most boundary spanning literatures.
- Published
- 2017
38. INFLUENCE OF COMPOSITION OF RAW MATERIALS ON QUALITY OF SAUSAGE
- Author
-
E. I. Mashkina and E. S. Shaganova
- Subjects
Materials science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,0502 economics and business ,05 social sciences ,050109 social psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Composition (visual arts) ,Quality (business) ,Raw material ,Pulp and paper industry ,050203 business & management ,media_common - Abstract
Sausages – one of the types of meat sausages popular with buyers. One of the main indicators of the effectiveness of the meat industry is the expansion of product names, as well as the reduction in the cost of sausages to make them as accessible as possible for all segments of the population. Cost reduction can be achieved through the use of non-meat food additives. The object of the study was sausages «Amateur» and «Lunch». The composition of sausages «Dinner» included hard cheese. The main raw material for sausages is fat veined pork. The composition of the studied sausages has some differences both in basic raw materials and in spices. Lunch sausages had a higher nutritional value due to the use of hard cheese. Lunch sausages were also highly appreciated during the tasting. Sausages of both varieties met the requirements of GOST 52196–2011 standard cooked sausages.
- Published
- 2020
39. Zero-defect manufacturing the approach for higher manufacturing sustainability in the era of industry 4.0: a position paper
- Author
-
João Pedro Mendonça, João Carlos Sousa, Dimitris Kiritsis, and Foivos Psarommatis
- Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology ,Quality management ,Industry 4.0 ,Computer science ,Strategy and Management ,media_common.quotation_subject ,design ,02 engineering and technology ,quality assurance ,Management Science and Operations Research ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,quality improvement ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,zero-defect manufacturing (zdm) ,framework ,digital twin ,0502 economics and business ,Quality (business) ,patterns ,Productivity ,Industrial organization ,media_common ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,sustainable manufacturing ,classification ,quality ,Zero Defects ,Sustainability ,impact ,systems ,Profitability index ,business ,Quality assurance ,industry 4 ,050203 business & management ,performance ,quality management ,zdm - Abstract
For manufacturing companies, quality management is a key feature for increasing the competitiveness, productivity, profitability, and sustainability of their systems. Quality improvement (QI) methods aim to achieve high-quality parts without reducing performance. The Industry 4.0 framework brought technological developments that cannot be used by traditional QI methods, such as Six Sigma, Lean, Lean Six, the Theory of Constraints, and Total Quality Management, which are widely used in manufacturing companies. The need for higher manufacturing sustainability and market requirements has led to the search for alternative QI methods with superior performance to traditional QI methods such as Zero-Defect Manufacturing (ZDM). The current paper is a position paper with a goal to present the ZDM approach and providing a clear definition about ZDM to align everyone in one common understanding of ZDM. Many researchers and manufactures are skeptical about ZDM, therefore, numerous argumentative questions have been created and answered, to convince them why they should migrate from traditional QI methods to ZDM. The migration to ZDM has already started, to support this statement numerous facts from the literature have been presented. Finally, several directions were identified, demonstrating that there is still plenty of room for research in several domains.
40. Log transformation of proficiency testing data on the content of genetically modified organisms in food and feed samples: is it justified?
- Author
-
Fernando Cordeiro, Wim Broothaerts, Piotr Robouch, Philippe Corbisier, and Hendrik Emons
- Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject ,Logarithmic transformation ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Genetically modified food ,Analytical Chemistry ,Normal distribution ,Performance assessment ,0502 economics and business ,Statistics ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,European union ,Normality ,media_common ,Mathematics ,010401 analytical chemistry ,05 social sciences ,Proficiency test ,Outcome (probability) ,0104 chemical sciences ,Genetically modified organism ,Transformation (function) ,Content (measure theory) ,050203 business & management ,Research Paper - Abstract
The outcome of proficiency tests (PTs) is influenced, among others, by the evaluation procedure chosen by the PT provider. In particular for PTs on GMO testing a log-data transformation is often applied to fit skewed data distributions into a normal distribution. The study presented here has challenged this commonly applied approach. The 56 data populations from proficiency testing rounds organised since 2010 by the European Union Reference Laboratory for Genetically Modified Food and Feed (EURL GMFF) were used to investigate the assumption of a normal distribution of reported results within a PT. Statistical evaluation of the data distributions, composed of 3178 reported results, revealed that 41 of the 56 datasets showed indeed a normal distribution. For 10 datasets, the deviation from normality was not statistically significant at the raw or log scale, indicating that the normality assumption cannot be rejected. The normality of the five remaining datasets was statistically significant after log-data transformation. These datasets, however, appeared to be multimodal as a result of technical/experimental issues with the applied methods. On the basis of the real datasets analysed herein, it is concluded that the log transformation of reported data in proficiency testing rounds is often not necessary and should be cautiously applied. It is further shown that the log-data transformation, when applied to PT results, favours the positive performance scoring for overestimated results and strongly penalises underestimated results. The evaluation of the participants’ performance without prior transformation of their results may highlight rather than hide relevant underlying analytical problems and is recommended as an outcome of this study.
- Published
- 2019
41. Addressing economic and health challenges of <scp>COVID</scp> ‐19 in Bangladesh: Preparation and response
- Author
-
Kumar, Bezon and Pinky, Susmita D.
- Subjects
Government ,Public Administration ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Inequality ,Poverty ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Academic Papers ,05 social sciences ,Economic indicator ,Recovery rate ,0502 economics and business ,Political Science and International Relations ,Development economics ,Pandemic ,Unemployment ,Academic Paper ,Business ,050207 economics ,050203 business & management ,media_common - Abstract
This article mainly explores the economic and health challenges faced by Bangladesh amid COVID‐19 and the policies taken by the government of Bangladesh to tackle the economic and health issues. Bangladesh is ranked as one of the worst‐hit countries in terms of total corona infections. Affecting the social, economic, and health sectors of the country, COVID‐19 pandemic has dampened the overall economic well‐being and thus GDP growth along with skyrocketing poverty, inequality, and unemployment nationwide. To tackle these crises, the government has initiated effective policy measures which, in turn, enhanced the recovery rate of COVID‐19 positive patients and strengthened the recovery of economic indicators. Therefore, this article suggests other hard‐hit COVID‐19 affected countries following the recovery model of Bangladesh to encounter the economic and health challenges due to the coronavirus pandemic.
- Published
- 2020
42. A qualitative analysis of social scientists' opinions on <scp>socioeconomic</scp> and demographic implications of the lockdown during <scp>COVID</scp> ‐19 in India
- Author
-
Gupta, Priya and Sengupta, Angan
- Subjects
Economic growth ,education.field_of_study ,Public Administration ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Practitioner Paper ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Population ,Practitioner Papers ,State (polity) ,Political science ,0502 economics and business ,Political Science and International Relations ,Sustenance ,050207 economics ,education ,Socioeconomic status ,Implementation ,050203 business & management ,Bailout ,Qualitative research ,media_common - Abstract
The unpredictable dynamics of COVID‐19 and policies surrounding its management has triggered severe debates and discussions among every section of society. There have been similarities as well as differences in opinions regarding spread of the disease, the lockdown, its implementations and impacts. This qualitative study attempts to identify and understand the emerging pattern within the opinions of 16 social scientists from eminent institutes with rich socioeconomic and demographic research experience. Several key themes emerged from this study. While it is opined that the lockdown initially slowed down the spread of virus among Indian population, it continues to surge exponentially. Economy faced extreme hardship because of this extensive and abrupt national lockdown. State‐wise variation in the COVID‐19 scenario is noticed and the reason is attributed to the strictness of implementation of the lockdown by the respective state governments. However, a lockdown in phases is suggested that could have averted the economic crisis. Small businesses were the hardest hit. Migrant workers were not given deserved attention and support in terms of their travel to their natives, health or financial sustenance during the lockdown. The bailout has not been timely and enough thereby creating a group of new poor. From the opinions it emerges that the policy measures intended to revive back the micro, small and medium scale enterprises may not bring short‐term solution pertaining to the labor crisis. Relaxation of lockdown also calls for stringent awareness generation among general population about health and hygiene maintenance to avoid further spread of COVID‐19.
- Published
- 2020
43. Engagement among physicians fighting COVID-19: the mediating role of autonomy
- Author
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L Gan, H Zhang, Y Liu, Zhao Yi, and Ping Zou
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,China ,work engagement ,Mediation (statistics) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Optimism ,0504 sociology ,Physicians ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,0502 economics and business ,Humans ,Professional Autonomy ,AcademicSubjects/MED00640 ,Association (psychology) ,Autonomy ,Work Performance ,media_common ,Original Paper ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Work engagement ,05 social sciences ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,COVID-19 ,050401 social sciences methods ,healthcare professionals ,Test (assessment) ,job performance ,Job performance ,Female ,Observational study ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,050203 business & management - Abstract
Background Keeping and improving work engagement among physicians fighting COVID-19 is important to healthy medical systems. In line with the job demands-resources model, optimism was expected to positively relate with job resources, leading to higher work engagement. However, the underlying mechanism between optimism, autonomy and work engagement has not been explored. Aims To examine whether optimism has a positive impact on work engagement via autonomy among physicians fighting COVID-19 in China. Methods This study was conducted among physicians in March 2020. A convenience sample was used to recruit physicians from the Wuhan Leishenshan Hospital and Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital. One hundred and four Chinese physicians working in the COVID-19 epidemic completed a survey measuring levels of autonomy, optimism and work engagement. The PROCESS macro (model 4) was used to test hypotheses about mediation. Results This current study found that optimism was related to increased autonomy, and autonomy was related to increased work engagement. The results of the bias-corrected bootstrap method suggested the indirect effect of optimism on work engagement via autonomy (Effect = 0.16, SE = 0.08, lower level confidence interval = 0.04, upper level confidence interval = 0.37), indicating a mediated relationship, in which autonomy is one mechanism to explain the link between optimism and increased work engagement. Conclusions This study follows an observational design, with in-depth analysis of the relationship between optimism, autonomy and work engagement. When management implements strategies to improve work engagement among physicians working in the COVID-19 epidemic, the mediating impact of autonomy on the association between optimism and work engagement should be considered.
- Published
- 2020
44. <scp>COVID</scp> ‐19 lockdown and penalty of joblessness on income and remittances: A study of inter‐state migrant labourers from Assam, India
- Author
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Aktar Hussain, Bodrul Islam, and Pradyut Guha
- Subjects
Public Administration ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Academic Papers ,05 social sciences ,Fiscal policy ,Skills training ,Promotion (rank) ,State (polity) ,Agriculture ,0502 economics and business ,Political Science and International Relations ,Unemployment ,Academic Paper ,Demographic economics ,Business ,050207 economics ,050203 business & management ,Loss of life ,media_common - Abstract
Present study made an attempt to examine the penalty of joblessness following coronavirus induced lockdown on income and remittances of inter-state migrant labourers from Assam. The primary data for the study were collected through telephonic-based survey of 451 labourers during May-June 2020. The results of this study showed that, on an average, labourers in the study area remained jobless for nearly 2 months and incurred income loss of INR 28,955 thereby failed to send remittances towards their families by an amount of INR 12,215 during the reference period. As per the analysis of covariance the income loss and remittances unsent amount was higher amongst the elderly labourers engaged in professions which remained non-operational during lockdown period. Further, the additional days of joblessness increased their hardship in terms of income and remittances. With coronavirus being more than a health crisis, in short term it is necessary to minimise the loss of life, forwarding social and financial security for the families of migrant labourers and vulnerable sections for extended period of crisis, strategies for supporting agriculture and allied activities, promotion of small and medium-size enterprises, imparting skill training for the unemployed and reverse migrant labourers, financial assistance for self-employment may be helpful. Suitable coordination of monetary and fiscal policy would be helpful for reducing the unemployment heading from the recessionary trend of the economy in the long run.
- Published
- 2020
45. COVID-19 health safety practices: Influence on grocery shopping behavior
- Author
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Shamim Ahmad, Khalid Shamim, and Ashraf Alam
- Subjects
COVID‐19 lockdown ,Public Administration ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Distancing ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Risk of infection ,05 social sciences ,Academic Papers ,consumer behavior ,healthy eating ,Coronavirus ,Hygiene ,0502 economics and business ,Political Science and International Relations ,Health safety ,Household income ,Academic Paper ,Business ,050207 economics ,Marketing ,050203 business & management ,Grocery shopping ,Consumer behaviour ,media_common ,grocery shopping - Abstract
During COVID-19 lockdown, individuals were asked to leave their home only to meet the most urgent needs, such as grocery purchases and medical emergencies. This study aimed to know the consumers' health safety practices and their concerns toward grocery shopping and to know their adoption of healthier food as a result of the outbreak. An online survey was conducted during the second month of the COVID-19 lockdown. This study includes 212 respondents. Appropriate statistical tools were used to analyze the data. The findings of the study revealed that females were ahead compared to males in pursuing health safety practices during grocery shopping, but the frequency of following physical distancing for both males and females was not up to the mark. The most important concern about grocery shopping was fear of unavailability of stocks and fear of getting infected from grocery storekeepers. It was also found that, compared to earlier, people had reduced their frequency of grocery shopping and tried to shop quickly and efficiently. People bought more packaged foods and also made purchases from brands that were new to them. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the adoption of healthier food habits varied significantly with gender, age, and household income of the respondents. This study indicates that there is a need to raise awareness among people on how to shop safely in grocery stores and that good hygiene practice should be followed in grocery stores to mitigate the risk of infection to consumers.
- Published
- 2020
46. Measuring the Structure of a Technology System for Directing Technological Transition
- Author
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Scott Hanna, Brian Head, Yongping Wei, and Shuanglei Wu
- Subjects
technology systems ,Technology ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,ancient Chinese agriculture ,Inertia ,Adaptability ,03 medical and health sciences ,0502 economics and business ,GE1-350 ,Economic geography ,030304 developmental biology ,General Environmental Science ,media_common ,Structure (mathematical logic) ,0303 health sciences ,Full Paper ,business.industry ,Scale (chemistry) ,05 social sciences ,network‐based technology features ,Full Papers ,complex technology systems ,Environmental sciences ,Agriculture ,Technology system ,Yangtze river ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Centrality ,business ,050203 business & management - Abstract
Technological advancements have generated a “techno‐sphere” within which all humans live. However, the capacity to direct technology development lags far behind technology development itself. This study deciphers the structural characteristics of a technology system using three pairs of features: systemicity and complexity (scalar), centrality and diversity (structural), and adaptability and inertia (structural); and at micro‐, meso‐, and macrolevels. By applying this approach in Chinese agricultural and water technology systems in the Yellow River Region and the Yangtze River Region from the beginning of agriculture in ≈8000 BC to the end of preindustrial agriculture in 1911, it is found that there exist trade‐off relationships between the centrality and diversity of a technology system, there exist alternative dominations of adaptivity and inertia in development of a technology system, and there exist time‐lag phenomena of change in a technology system between mesolevel and macrolevel. It is also identified that a larger‐scale, more diverse and adaptive technology system is observed in the Yellow River Region whereas the technology system in the Yangtze River Region is more rapidly expanding in scale and mainly dominated by inertia. These discoveries will assist increasing the capacity of managing and directing technological transition in future., It is discovered that there exist trade‐offs between the centrality and diversity of a technology system, and the development alternates between innovative and legacy technologies in time. Time‐lag phenomena and misalignments between the structure and the scale of the systems are identified, as illustrated by an analysis of the development of technology in two river basins in China.
- Published
- 2020
47. Health Workers' knowledge and perception regarding the risk of spread of COVID-19 during the pandemic: A systematic review
- Author
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Zoe Roupa and Giannis Polychronis
- Subjects
Public Administration ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Academic Papers ,05 social sciences ,MEDLINE ,Scopus ,CINAHL ,Affect (psychology) ,Risk perception ,Perception ,Environmental health ,0502 economics and business ,Political Science and International Relations ,Pandemic ,Academic Paper ,050207 economics ,Psychology ,Inclusion (education) ,050203 business & management ,media_common - Abstract
Certain Health Workers (HWs) may have inadequate knowledge and perceptions regarding COVID‐19. As a result, they may not be completely aware of the danger/risk involved, which could impact their ability to control the spread of the virus. This systematic review aims to enhance HWs' knowledge and their perception of the spread risk of COVID‐19 during the pandemic. A search was conducted in four databases (Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, and ScienceDirect) to locate peer‐reviewed studies published in English between January 2020 and April 2020. Eventually, nine articles satisfied the inclusion criteria and were, therefore, included in the present study. Six of the aforementioned studies specifically investigated HWs' perception of risk. Apart from a study that indicated medium perception (min = 56.5%), all other studies found high levels of risk perception (n = 5, max 92.1%). As for HWs' knowledge, apart from two studies that indicated medium percentage levels (min = 56.5%), the rest of the studies report high percentages (n = 7, max = 93.2%). Two of the studies, which assessed the sources of information that HWs use, agree that social media is the most widely used source of information. The findings of this study suggest that HWs had a satisfactory perception of risk during the spread of COVID‐19. Although fields with medium knowledge levels were identified, HWs' overall knowledge may also be described as satisfactory. It is also noted that certain demographic characteristics (occupation, age, and years of experience) appear to affect HWs' knowledge and perceptions. The application of educational strategies aiming to provide continuous support to HWs is unanimously recommended by all studies.
- Published
- 2020
48. The Time to Change for Mental Health and Wellbeing via Virtual Professional Coaching: Longitudinal Observational Study
- Author
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Alexis M Jeannotte, Derek M Hutchinson, and Gabriella Rosen Kellerman
- Subjects
Stress management ,longitudinal ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Applied psychology ,050109 social psychology ,Health Informatics ,Coaching ,stress ,well-being ,Intervention (counseling) ,0502 economics and business ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,observational ,resilience ,life satisfaction ,intervention ,media_common ,Original Paper ,virtual coaching ,business.industry ,coach ,05 social sciences ,professional coaching ,satisfaction ,Life satisfaction ,Mental health ,Psychological well-being ,Well-being ,psychological well-being ,Psychological resilience ,Psychology ,business ,050203 business & management ,mental health - Abstract
Background Optimal mental health yields many benefits and reduced costs to employees and organizations; however, the workplace introduces challenges to building and maintaining mental health that affect well-being. Although many organizations have introduced programming to aid employee mental health and well-being, the uptake and effectiveness of these efforts vary. One barrier to developing more effective interventions is a lack of understanding about how to improve well-being over time. This study examined not only whether employer-provided coaching is an effective strategy to improve mental health and well-being in employees but also how this intervention changes well-being in stages over time. Objective The goal of this study was to determine whether BetterUp, a longitudinal one-on-one virtual coaching intervention, improves components of mental health and psychological well-being, and whether the magnitude of changes vary in stages over time. This is the first research study to evaluate the effectiveness of professional coaching through three repeated assessments, moving beyond a pre-post intervention design. The outcomes of this study will enable coaches and employers to design more targeted interventions by outlining when to expect maximal growth in specific outcomes throughout the coaching engagement. Methods Three identical assessments were completed by 391 users of BetterUp: prior to the start of coaching, after approximately 3-4 months of coaching, and again after 6-7 months of coaching. Three scales were used to evaluate psychological and behavioral dimensions that support management of mental health: stress management, resilience, and life satisfaction. Six additional scales were used to assess psychological well-being: emotional regulation, prospection ability, finding purpose and meaning, self-awareness, self-efficacy, and social connection. Results Using mixed-effects modeling, varying rates of change were observed in several dimensions of mental health and psychological well-being. Initial rapid improvements in the first half of the intervention, followed by slower growth in the second half of the intervention were found for prospection ability, self-awareness, self-efficacy, social connection, emotional regulation, and a reduction in stress (range of unstandardized β values for each assessment: .10-.19). Life satisfaction improved continuously throughout the full intervention period (β=.13). Finding purpose in meaning at work and building resilience both grew continuously throughout the coaching intervention, but larger gains were experienced in the second half of the intervention (β=.08-.18), requiring the full length of the intervention to realize maximal growth. Conclusions The results demonstrate the effectiveness of BetterUp virtual one-on-one coaching to improve psychological well-being, while mitigating threats to mental health such as excessive and prolonged stress, low resilience, and poor satisfaction with life. The improvements across the collection of outcomes were time-dependent, and provide important insights to users and practitioners about how and when to expect maximal improvements in a range of interrelated personal and professional outcomes.
- Published
- 2021
49. Responsible innovation at the bottom of the pyramid
- Author
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Arpita Agnihotri
- Subjects
Value (ethics) ,Bottom of the pyramid ,Strategy and Management ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Paper based ,Management Information Systems ,Originality ,0502 economics and business ,050211 marketing ,Strategic management ,Business ,Marketing ,Emerging markets ,Social responsibility ,050203 business & management ,media_common - Abstract
Purpose This paper aims to explore various routes through firms can meet needs of the Bottom of the Pyramid (BoP) consumers in a socially responsible manner. Design/methodology/approach This is viewpoint paper based on evidences from archival sources. Findings The authors list possible and divergent answers to the following question: how to make innovations meaningful at BOP so that they can be acclaimed socially responsible for the BoP consumers. Originality/value Responsible innovation is yet unexplored part of business strategy especially in emerging markets. The authors throw light on this aspect.
- Published
- 2017
50. Spheres of Influence: A Walzerian Approach to Business Ethics
- Author
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Patricia H. Werhane, Andrew C. Wicks, Heather Elms, and John Nolan
- Subjects
Value (ethics) ,Economics and Econometrics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,0603 philosophy, ethics and religion ,Politics ,Michael walzer ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,0502 economics and business ,Business ethics ,Conversation ,Sociology ,Political philosophy ,Business and International Management ,media_common ,Original Paper ,Ethical issues ,Field (Bourdieu) ,05 social sciences ,06 humanities and the arts ,General Business, Management and Accounting ,Variety (cybernetics) ,Epistemology ,060301 applied ethics ,Law ,050203 business & management - Abstract
Michael Walzer is one of the most distinguished political philosophers and social critics of this century. His ideas have had great import and influence in political philosophy and political discussion, yet very few of his ideas have been incorporated explicitly into the business ethics literature. We argue that Walzer's work provides an important conceptual canvas for business ethics scholars that has not been adequately explored. Scholars in business ethics often borrow from political theory and philosophy to generate new insights and develop new substantive contributions. Many valuable theoretical resources are already used extensively-particularly Aristotle, Kant, Marx and a variety of utilitarian philosophers. Walzer offers another set of resources to bring to the conversation of what business ethics is and how business ethicists add value. This paper provides an opportunity to delve further into Walzer's writings, particularly themes that are tied to business ethics, and to illustrate how his ideas can be extended to reshape our understanding of the field and develop new perspectives on ethical issues in commerce.
- Published
- 2019
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