94,250 results
Search Results
2. Editors’ Introduction: Best Papers from the 19th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling
- Author
-
Stewart, Terrence C., de Jong, Joost, and Experimental Psychology
- Subjects
Human-Computer Interaction ,Linguistics and Language ,Cognition ,Artificial Intelligence ,Caffeine ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Best papers ,Humans ,ICCM ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Cognitive modeling - Abstract
The International Conference on Cognitive Modeling brings together researchers from around the world whose main goal is to build computational systems that reflect the internal processes of the mind. In this issue, we present the five best representative papers on this work from our 19th meeting, ICCM 2021, which was held virtually from July 3 to July 9, 2021. Three of these papers provide new techniques for refining computational models, giving better methods for taking empirical data and producing accurate computational models of the cognitive systems that produce them. The other two papers focus on explanation: using models to elucidate the underlying processes affecting cognition in such diverse domains as logical reasoning and the effects of caffeine.
- Published
- 2022
3. Importance of public‐private partnerships for nutrition support research: An ASPEN Position Paper
- Author
-
Van S. Hubbard, Elizabeth J. Dye, Faith Ottery, Mary E. Russell, Seema Kumbhat, Allison Blackmer, Charles M. Mueller, Justine M. Turner, Sandra Wolfe Citty, Satya Jonnalagadda, Yimin Chen, Wes Cetnarowski, Gordon S. Sacks, and Krysmaru Araujo Torres
- Subjects
Adult ,Parenteral Nutrition ,Government ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,Research ,Conflict of interest ,Infant ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Public relations ,Public-Private Sector Partnerships ,Transparency (behavior) ,United States ,Public–private partnership ,Enteral Nutrition ,Parenteral nutrition ,Development studies ,Public trust ,Humans ,Position paper ,Child ,business ,health care economics and organizations - Abstract
Parenteral and enteral nutrition support are key components of care for various medical and physiological conditions in infants, children, and adults. Nutrition support practices have advanced over time, driven by the goals of safe and sufficient delivery of needed nutrients and improved patient outcomes. These advances have been, and continue to be, dependent on research and development studies. Such studies address aspects of enteral and parenteral nutrition support: formulations, delivery devices, health outcomes, cost-effectiveness, and related metabolism. The studies are supported by public funding from the government and by private funding from foundations and from the nutrition support industry. To build public trust in nutrition support research findings, it is important to underscore ethical research conduct and reporting of results for all studies, including those with industry sponsors. In 2019, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition's (ASPEN's) Board of Directors established a task force to ensure integrity in nutrition support research that is done as collaborative partnerships between the public (government and individuals) and private groups (foundations, academia, and industry). In this ASPEN Position Paper, the Task Force presents principles of ethical research to guide administrators, researchers, and funders. The Task Force identifies ways to curtail bias and to minimize actual or perceived conflict of interests, as related to funding sources and research conduct. Notably, this paper includes a Position Statement to describe the Task Force's guidance on Public-Private Partnerships for research and funding. This paper has been approved by the ASPEN Board of Directors.
- Published
- 2021
4. Recommendations for photoprotection of parenteral nutrition for premature infants: An ASPEN position paper
- Author
-
Austin Michalski, Liliia Gutsul, Phil Ayers, Gordon S. Sacks, Daniel T. Robinson, Barbara Fleming, Beverly Holcombe, and Kathleen M. Gura
- Subjects
Parenteral Nutrition ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Infant, Premature, Diseases ,Health outcomes ,Patient safety ,Enteral Nutrition ,medicine ,Humans ,Child ,Intensive care medicine ,Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,Retinopathy of prematurity ,medicine.disease ,United States ,Parenteral nutrition ,Bronchopulmonary dysplasia ,Photoprotection ,Necrotizing enterocolitis ,Position paper ,business ,Infant, Premature - Abstract
Although crucial in improving health outcomes in the preterm infants, parenteral nutrition (PN) is not without risk, especially if handled improperly. A growing body of evidence suggests that components of PN admixtures, including lipid injectable emulsions (ILEs), are susceptible to degradation, including oxidation when exposed to light (ie, photo-oxidation), resulting in the production of reactive oxygen species. Infants, especially those born preterm, are considered more susceptible to consequences of oxidative stress than children and adults. Oxidative stress is associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity, necrotizing enterocolitis, and intestinal failure-associated liver disease. The American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) assembled a working group to provide recommendations on clinical practice surrounding photoprotection of PN.This Position Paper reviews the scientific literature on the formation of quantifiable peroxides and other degradation products when PN admixtures and ILEs are exposed to light and reports adverse clinical outcomes in premature infants exposed to PN. Recommendations for photoprotection of PN admixtures and ILEs are provided, as well as the challenges in achieving complete photoprotection with the equipment, supplies, and materials currently available in the US. ASPEN and the authors understand that the full implementation of complete photoprotection may not currently be feasible given current product availability; recommendations provided in this paper serve to represent the goal to which to strive as well as to highlight the importance of product availability to achieve these practices. This paper has been approved by the ASPEN Board of Directors.
- Published
- 2021
5. New alternatives to single‐use plastics: Starch and chitosan‐ graft ‐polydimethylsiloxane‐coated paper for water‐ and oil‐resistant applications
- Author
-
Aditya Nair, Ajmir Khan, Dhwani Kansal, and Muhammad Rabnawaz
- Subjects
Coated paper ,Microplastics ,Water resistant ,microplastics ,Single use ,Materials science ,oil‐resistant ,Polydimethylsiloxane ,latex ,Starch ,paper ,PFAS remediation ,Chitosan ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,TA401-492 ,plastics ,Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials - Abstract
An increase in the environmental and health concerns over fluorochemical‐based, wax‐based, and extrusion‐based paper coatings has led to a growing interest in bio‐based, biodegradable, and repulpable alternatives to obtain water‐ and oil‐repellent coatings. Reported herein is a fluorine‐free, plastic‐free, and cost‐effective water and grease resistant paper coating approach that utilizes blends of corn‐starch (S) and a novel chitosan‐graft‐polydimethylsiloxane (CP) copolymer. The hydrophobic and oleophobic performance of the S/CP‐coated paper was evaluated by varying the ratio of S and CP in the overall blend. The S/CP‐coated papers were observed to have low cobb60 values (water absorptivity) of 13 ± 0.9 g m−2 and an excellent kit rating (oil resistance) of 12/12. The S/CP‐coated paper substrate surface profile was analyzed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The repulpability of the coated paper is also demonstrated by washing the coating materials from the paper and recovering the pulp.
- Published
- 2021
6. Valorization of pulp and paper industry wastewater using sludge enriched with nitrogen‐fixing bacteria
- Author
-
Ben D. Allen, Carolina Ospina-Betancourth, Janeth Sanabria, Thomas P. Curtis, Kishor Acharya, and Ian M. Head
- Subjects
Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria ,Paper ,Nitrogen ,Biofertilizer ,Industrial Waste ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,Wastewater ,010501 environmental sciences ,Waste Disposal, Fluid ,complex mixtures ,01 natural sciences ,Bioreactors ,020401 chemical engineering ,RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ,Environmental Chemistry ,0204 chemical engineering ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Effluent ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Water Science and Technology ,Sewage ,business.industry ,Ecological Modeling ,food and beverages ,Paper mill ,Pulp and paper industry ,Pollution ,Activated sludge ,chemistry ,Nitrogen fixation ,Sewage treatment ,business - Abstract
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB) can reduce nitrogen at ambient pressure and temperature. In this study, we treated effluent from a paper mill in sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) and monitored the abundance and activity of NFB with a view to producing a sludge that could work as a biofertilizer. Four reactors were inoculated with activated sludge enriched with NFB and fed with a high C/N waste (100:0.5) from a paper mill. Though the reactors were able to reduce the organic load of the wastewater by up to 89%, they did not have any nitrogen-fixing activity and showed a decrease in the putative number of NFB (quantified with qPCR). The most abundant species in the reactors treating high C/N paper mill wastewater was identified by Illumina MiSeq 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing as Methyloversatilis sp. (relative abundance of 4.4%). Nitrogen fixation was observed when the C/N ratio was increased by adding sucrose. We suspect that real-world biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) will only occur where there is a C/N ratio ≤100:0.07. Consequently, operators should actively avoid adding or allowing nitrogen in the waste streams if they wish to valorize their sludge and reduce running costs. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Efficient biological wastewater treatment of low nitrogen paper mill effluent was achieved without nutrient supplementation. The sludge was still capable of fixing nitrogen although this process was not observed in the wastewater treatment system. This high C/N wastewater treatment technology could be used with effluents from cassava flour, olive oil, wine and dairy industries.
- Published
- 2021
7. The respiratory metabolism of overwintering paper wasp gynes ( Polistes dominula and Polistes gallicus )
- Author
-
Helmut Käfer, Anton Stabentheiner, Helmut Kovac, and Iacopo Petrocelli
- Subjects
Paper wasp ,Physiology ,Insect Science ,Respiratory metabolism ,Zoology ,Biology ,Polistes gallicus ,biology.organism_classification ,Polistes dominula ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Overwintering - Published
- 2021
8. Preparation of high breakdown strength meta‐aramid composite paper reinforced by polyphenylene sulfide superfine fiber
- Author
-
Yuzhen Zhao, Songjun Yao, Siwei Xiong, Bingyang Li, Xuyi Wang, Feihua Yang, Yingbin Jia, Luoxin Wang, and Hua Wang
- Subjects
Polymers and Plastics ,Materials Chemistry ,General Chemistry - Published
- 2023
9. Racism, colonialism and the implications for nursing scholarship: A discussion paper
- Author
-
Rachel Wangari Kimani
- Subjects
General Nursing - Published
- 2023
10. The era of the Dawn of Mendelian research in the field of psychiatry: Rüdin's 1922 review paper 'regarding the heredity of mental disturbances'
- Author
-
Kenneth S. Kendler and Astrid Klee
- Subjects
Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Genetics (clinical) - Published
- 2023
11. When food fights back: Cebid primate strategies of larval paper wasp predation and the high‐energy yield of high‐risk foraging
- Author
-
Adrian A. Barnett, Anita I. Stone, Peter Shaw, Beatriz Ronchi‐Teles, Tereza dos Santos‐Barnett, Natalia C. Pimenta, Natalia M. Kinap, Wilson R. Spironello, Aparecida Bitencourt, Gemma Penhorwood, Rebecca N. Umeed, Tadeu G. de Oliveira, Bruna M. Bezerra, Sarah A. Boyle, Caroline Ross, and John W. Wenzel
- Subjects
Ecology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Published
- 2023
12. Redesigning the appearance of recycled containers for packaging applications: The effect of paper waste physicochemical properties on the performance of paperboards with obvious recycled content
- Author
-
Lisandra Chacon, Nathalie Lavoine, and Richard A. Venditti
- Subjects
Mechanical Engineering ,General Materials Science ,General Chemistry - Published
- 2023
13. European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology position paper on endoscopic scoring of nasal polyposis
- Author
-
Philippe Gevaert, Jarno De Craemer, Claus Bachert, Manon Blauwblomme, Adam Chaker, Cemal Cingi, Peter W. Hellings, Claire Hopkins, Valérie Hox, Wytske J. Fokkens, Ludger Klimek, Valerie Lund, Ralph Mösges, Joaquim Mullol, Oliver Pfaar, Glenis Scadding, Peter Valentin Tomazic, Thibaut Van Zele, Stephan Vlaminck, Martin Wagenmann, Sanna Toppila‐Salmi, Isam Alobid, UCL - SSS/IREC/PNEU - Pôle de Pneumologie, ORL et Dermatologie, and UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie
- Subjects
Immunology ,Immunology and Allergy - Published
- 2023
14. Hypersensitivity reactions to chemotherapy: an EAACI Position Paper
- Author
-
Patrizia Bonadonna, Emilio Alvarez-Cuesta, Adile Berna Dursun, Soledad Sanchez Sanchez, Mariana Castells, Josefina Cernadas, Mauro Pagani, Hamadi Sahar, Anca M. Chiriac, Ricardo Madrigal-Burgaleta, and Sevim Bavbek
- Subjects
Drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,media_common.quotation_subject ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Immunology ,Provocation test ,Drug allergy ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Disease ,Drug Hypersensitivity ,Neoplasms ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,Anaphylaxis ,Skin Tests ,media_common ,Desensitization (medicine) ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Desensitization, Immunologic ,Position paper ,business - Abstract
Chemotherapeutic drugs have been widely used in the treatment of cancer disease for about 70 years. The development of new treatments has not hindered their use, and oncologists still prescribe them routinely, alone or in combination with other antineoplastic agents. However, all chemotherapeutic agents can induce hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs), with different incidences depending on the culprit drug. These reactions are the third leading cause of fatal drug-induced anaphylaxis in the United States. In Europe, deaths related to chemotherapy have also been reported. In particular, most reactions are caused by platinum compounds, taxanes, epipodophyllotoxins and asparaginase. Despite their prevalence and relevance, the ideal pathways for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of these reactions are still unclear, and practice remains considerably heterogeneous with vast differences from center to center. Thus, the European Network on Drug Allergy and Drug Allergy Interest Group of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology organized a task force to provide data and recommendations regarding the allergological work-up in this field of drug hypersensitivity reactions. This position paper aims to provide consensus on the investigation of HSRs to chemotherapeutic drugs and give practical recommendations for clinicians that treat these patients, such as oncologists, allergologists and internists. Key sections cover risk factors, pathogenesis, symptoms, the role of skin tests, in vitro tests, indications and contraindications of drug provocation tests and desensitization of neoplastic patients with allergic reactions to chemotherapeutic drugs. Statements, recommendations and unmet needs were discussed and proposed at the end of each section.
- Published
- 2021
15. Oral corticosteroids stewardship for asthma in adults and adolescents: A position paper from the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand
- Author
-
John Gornall, Laurence Ruane, Li Ping Chung, Anne E Holland, Helen K. Reddel, Philip G. Bardin, Sinthia Bosnic-Anticevich, Trudy Hopkins, Christopher Barton, Mark Hew, Vanessa M. McDonald, Peter G. Gibson, Lata Jayaram, John Blakey, John W. Upham, and John Harrington
- Subjects
Adult ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Harm reduction ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Administration, Oral ,medicine.disease ,Asthma ,Harm ,Adrenal Cortex Hormones ,Chronic Disease ,medicine ,Humans ,Position paper ,Smoking cessation ,Anti-Asthmatic Agents ,Stewardship ,Medical prescription ,Intensive care medicine ,business ,Adverse effect ,New Zealand - Abstract
Oral corticosteroids (OCS) are frequently used for asthma treatment. This medication is highly effective for both acute and chronic diseases, but evidence indicates that indiscriminate OCS use is common, posing a risk of serious side effects and irreversible harm. There is now an urgent need to introduce OCS stewardship approaches, akin to successful initiatives that optimized appropriate antibiotic usage. The aim of this TSANZ (Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand) position paper is to review current knowledge pertaining to OCS use in asthma and then delineate principles of OCS stewardship. Recent evidence indicates overuse and over-reliance on OCS for asthma and that doses >1000 mg prednisolone-equivalent cumulatively are likely to have serious side effects and adverse outcomes. Patient perspectives emphasize the detrimental impacts of OCS-related side effects such as weight gain, insomnia, mood disturbances and skin changes. Improvements in asthma control and prevention of exacerbations can be achieved by improved inhaler technique, adherence to therapy, asthma education, smoking cessation, multidisciplinary review, optimized medications and other strategies. Recently, add-on therapies including novel biological agents and macrolide antibiotics have demonstrated reductions in OCS requirements. Harm reduction may also be achieved through identification and mitigation of predictable adverse effects. OCS stewardship should entail greater awareness of appropriate indications for OCS prescription, risk–benefits of OCS medications, side effects, effective add-on therapies and multidisciplinary review. If implemented, OCS stewardship can ensure that clinicians and patients with asthma are aware that OCS should not be used lightly, while providing reassurance that asthma can be controlled in most people without frequent use of OCS.
- Published
- 2021
16. Protocols for multi‐site trials using hyperpolarized 129 Xe MRI for imaging of ventilation, alveolar‐airspace size, and gas exchange: A position paper from the 129 Xe MRI clinical trials consortium
- Author
-
Jonathan H. Rayment, Bastiaan Driehuys, Chase S. Hall, G. Wilson Miller, Zackary I. Cleveland, Sarah Svenningsen, Rachel L. Eddy, Jim M. Wild, John P. Mugler, Ho-Fung Chan, Peter Niedbalski, Mario Castro, Neil J. Stewart, Sean B. Fain, Giles E. Santyr, Brandon Zanette, Jason C. Woods, Guilhem Collier, Grace Parraga, Robert P. Thomen, Matthew M. Willmering, and Jaime F. Mata
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Image quality ,Multi site ,Clinical trial ,Lung structure ,Breathing ,Medicine ,Image acquisition ,Position paper ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Medical physics ,business ,Pulmonary disorders - Abstract
Hyperpolarized (HP) 129 Xe MRI uniquely images pulmonary ventilation, gas exchange, and terminal airway morphology rapidly and safely, providing novel information not possible using conventional imaging modalities or pulmonary function tests. As such, there is mounting interest in expanding the use of biomarkers derived from HP 129 Xe MRI as outcome measures in multi-site clinical trials across a range of pulmonary disorders. Until recently, HP 129 Xe MRI techniques have been developed largely independently at a limited number of academic centers, without harmonizing acquisition strategies. To promote uniformity and adoption of HP 129 Xe MRI more widely in translational research, multi-site trials, and ultimately clinical practice, this position paper from the 129 Xe MRI Clinical Trials Consortium (https://cpir.cchmc.org/XeMRICTC) recommends standard protocols to harmonize methods for image acquisition in HP 129 Xe MRI. Recommendations are described for the most common HP gas MRI techniques-calibration, ventilation, alveolar-airspace size, and gas exchange-across MRI scanner manufacturers most used for this application. Moreover, recommendations are described for 129 Xe dose volumes and breath-hold standardization to further foster consistency of imaging studies. The intention is that sites with HP 129 Xe MRI capabilities can readily implement these methods to obtain consistent high-quality images that provide regional insight into lung structure and function. While this document represents consensus at a snapshot in time, a roadmap for technical developments is provided that will further increase image quality and efficiency. These standardized dosing and imaging protocols will facilitate the wider adoption of HP 129 Xe MRI for multi-site pulmonary research.
- Published
- 2021
17. Ventilatory support at home for children: A joint position paper from the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand/Australasian Sleep Association
- Author
-
Amanda Griffiths, Moya Vandeleur, Jacob Twiss, Jasneek Chawla, Andrew Tai, Andrew Wilson, Susan Wilson, Sadasivam Suresh, Karen A. Waters, Elizabeth A. Edwards, and Gillian M. Nixon
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Consensus ,business.industry ,Australia ,Expert consensus ,Home ventilation ,Family medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,Position paper ,Sleep (system call) ,Child ,Sleep ,business ,Association (psychology) ,New Zealand - Abstract
The goal of this position paper on ventilatory support at home for children is to provide expert consensus from Australia and New Zealand on optimal care for children requiring ventilatory support at home, both non-invasive and invasive. It was compiled by members of the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand (TSANZ) and the Australasian Sleep Association (ASA). This document provides recommendations to support the development of improved services for Australian and New Zealand children who require long-term ventilatory support. Issues relevant to providers of equipment and areas of research need are highlighted.
- Published
- 2021
18. One Health: EAACI Position Paper on coronaviruses at the human‐animal interface, with a specific focus on comparative and zoonotic aspects of SARS‐CoV‐2
- Author
-
Erika Jensen-Jarolim, Jozef Janda, Anna D. J. Korath, Isabella Pali-Schöll, Wojciech Feleszko, Milena Sokolowska, Eva Untersmayr, Ahmed Adel Seida, Katrin Hartmann, Ioana Agache, University of Zurich, and Pali‐Schöll, Isabella
- Subjects
Eaaci Position Paper ,Immunology ,coronavirus ,610 Medicine & health ,Disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,Quality of life (healthcare) ,10183 Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research ,Environmental health ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,One Health ,Pandemics ,Coronavirus ,disease transmission ,(reverse) zoonosis ,2403 Immunology ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Transmission (medicine) ,COVID-19 ,Outbreak ,companion animals and pets ,Geography ,2723 Immunology and Allergy ,Quality of Life ,Position paper - Abstract
The latest outbreak of a coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID‐19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), evolved into a worldwide pandemic with massive effects on health, quality of life, and economy. Given the short period of time since the outbreak, there are several knowledge gaps on the comparative and zoonotic aspects of this new virus. Within the One Health concept, the current EAACI position paper dwells into the current knowledge on SARS‐CoV‐2’s receptors, symptoms, transmission routes for human and animals living in close vicinity to each other, usefulness of animal models to study this disease and management options to avoid intra‐ and interspecies transmission. Similar pandemics might appear unexpectedly and more frequently in the near future due to climate change, consumption of exotic foods and drinks, globe‐trotter travel possibilities, the growing world population, the decreasing production space, declining room for wildlife and free‐ranging animals, and the changed lifestyle including living very close to animals. Therefore, both the society and the health authorities need to be aware and well prepared for similar future situations, and research needs to focus on prevention and fast development of treatment options (medications, vaccines).
- Published
- 2021
19. Prevalence of nonsensical algorithmically generated papers in the scientific literature
- Author
-
Cyril Labbé, Guillaume Cabanac, Recherche d’Information et Synthèse d’Information (IRIT-IRIS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Systèmes d’Information - inGénierie et Modélisation Adaptables (SIGMA ), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble (LIG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)
- Subjects
Information Systems and Management ,History ,Computer Networks and Communications ,media_common.quotation_subject ,research integrity ,Library science ,Scientific literature ,citation manipulation ,Library and Information Sciences ,SCIgen ,050905 science studies ,publishing industry ,nonsense detection ,computer-generated papers ,retraction ,Absurdity ,media_common ,Point (typography) ,Grammar ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Publish or perish ,Publishing ,[INFO.INFO-IR]Computer Science [cs]/Information Retrieval [cs.IR] ,0509 other social sciences ,050904 information & library sciences ,business ,Citation ,Yet another ,misconduct ,Information Systems - Abstract
International audience; In 2014 leading publishers withdrew more than 120 nonsensical publications automatically generated with the SCIgen program. Casual observations suggested that similar problematic papers are still published and sold, without follow-up retractions. No systematic screening has been performed and the prevalence of such nonsensical publications in the scientific literature is unknown. Our contribution is 2-fold. First, we designed a detector that combs the scientific literature for grammar-based computer-generated papers. Applied to SCIgen, it has a 83.6% precision. Second, we performed a scientometric study of the 243 detected SCIgen-papers from 19 publishers. We estimate the prevalence of SCIgen-papers to be 75 per million papers in Information and Computing Sciences. Only 19% of the 243 problematic papers were dealt with: formal retraction (12) or silent removal (34). Publishers still serve and sometimes sell the remaining 197 papers without any caveat. We found evidence of citation manipulation via edited SCIgen bibliographies. This work reveals metric gaming up to the point of absurdity: fraudsters publish nonsensical algorithmically generated papers featuring genuine references. It stresses the need to screen papers for nonsense before peer-review and chase citation manipulation in published papers. Overall, this is yet another illustration of the harmful effects of the pressure to publish or perish.
- Published
- 2021
20. Paper towel test as independently self‐administered to quantify cough‐related urine loss: Compliance and comparisons with survey‐only data in SWAN
- Author
-
Carrie A. Karvonen-Gutierrez, Siobán D. Harlow, Janis M. Miller, Kerry C Richards-McCullough, and Michelle M Hood
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Epidemiologic study ,Urinary Incontinence, Stress ,Urology ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Urinary incontinence ,Urine ,Article ,Compliance (psychology) ,Mixed incontinence ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Group cohesiveness ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Humans ,Medicine ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,business.industry ,Test (assessment) ,Urinary Incontinence ,Cough ,Paper towel ,Physical therapy ,Women's Health ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Aims The epidemiologic Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) includes urinary incontinence (UI) questionnaire items. We introduced an independently self-administered paper towel test (PTT-ISA; invention disclosure #2021-347) to objectively demonstrate UI. Aims were to determine: (1) PTT-ISA compliance and (2) relationship to questionnaire results. Methods 276 community women were invited to complete both SWAN questionnaire and PTT-ISA. For PTT-ISA, a woman holds a trifold brown paper towel against her perineum while coughing hard three times. She checks the towel for wetness and compares it with pictorial showing wetted area gradations (dry towel through >6 ml/saturated). She then selects the best photo match for her towel. A newly conceptualized variable constructed as PTT-ISA plus questionnaire results was formed. Results Of 276 women, noncompliance with PTT-ISA was 2.2% (6 women). Four others (1.5%) were missing questionnaires. For the remaining 266 women, conceptual cohesiveness between questionnaire-only and PTT-ISA + questionnaire was demonstrated in 165 (62.0%). Lack of cohesiveness occurred in 101 (38.9%), including 41 women who said "no" to the questionnaire item indicative of stress UI and had leakage on PTT-ISA; leakage degree varied across the full pictorial spectrum from drops to saturated. Conclusion PTT-ISA demonstrates high compliance, with rate comparable to survey compliance. It is a novel measure for objective sign of urine loss when independently self-administered by community women outside of a clinic environment. Further research comparing PTT-ISA with clinician-observed cough test is warranted. As independently self-administered, PTT-ISA is simple, noninvasive, inexpensive, and an acceptable test that adds value to otherwise survey-dependent research.
- Published
- 2021
21. Astrocytes in Paper Chips and Their Interaction with Hybrid Vesicles
- Author
-
Cathrine Abild Meyer, Paula De Dios Andres, Edit Brodszkij, Isabella N. Westensee, Joseph Lyons, Sandra H. Vaz, Brigitte Städler, and Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
- Subjects
Biomaterials ,calcium signalling ,Astrocytes ,Calcium signalling ,astrocytes ,Biomedical Engineering ,Hybrid vesicles ,paper-based chips ,hybrid vesicles ,Paper-based chips ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology - Abstract
© 2022 The Authors. Advanced Biology published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited., The role of astrocytes in brain function has received increased attention lately due to their critical role in brain development and function under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. However, the biological evaluation of soft material nanoparticles in astrocytes remains unexplored. Here, the interaction of crosslinked hybrid vesicles (HVs) and either C8-D1A astrocytes or primary astrocytes cultured in polystyrene tissue culture or floatable paper-based chips is investigated. The amphiphilic block copolymer poly(cholesteryl methacrylate)-block-poly(2-carboxyethyl acrylate) (P1) and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine lipids are used for the assembly of HVs with crosslinked membranes. The assemblies show no short-term toxicity towards the C8-D1A astrocytes and the primary astrocytes, and both cell types internalize the HVs when cultured in 2D cell culture. Further, it is demonstrated that both the C8-D1A astrocytes and the primary astrocytes could mature in paper-based chips with preserved calcium signaling and glial fibrillary acidic protein expression. Last, it is confirmed that both types of astrocytes could internalize the HVs when cultured in paper-based chips. These findings lay out a fundamental understanding of the interaction between soft material nanoparticles and astrocytes, even when primary astrocytes are cultured in paper-based chips offering a 3D environment., This project was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. 818890), the Lundbeck Foundation (R346-2020-1617), and the Carlsberg Foundation (CF 20–0418). The HRM Queen Margrethe II's travel grant (C.A.M.) is acknowledged for support. T
- Published
- 2022
22. Best‐practices for preventing skin injury beneath personal protective equipment during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A position paper from the National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel
- Author
-
Barbara Delmore, Sharon Eve Sonenblum, Joyce Pittman, Nancy Munoz, Ann Marie Nie, Jill Cox, William V. Padula, Lee Ruotsi, Virginia Capasso, Joyce Black, David M. Brienza, Ann N. Tescher, Sarah Holden-Mount, and Janet Cuddigan
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,integumentary system ,030504 nursing ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Discursive Paper ,Skin Injury ,business.industry ,Best practice ,General Medicine ,Discursive Papers ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Personal hygiene ,Health care ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Position paper ,030212 general & internal medicine ,0305 other medical science ,business ,Intensive care medicine ,Personal protective equipment ,General Nursing - Abstract
COVID‐19 has infected millions of patients and impacted healthcare workers worldwide. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is a key component of protecting frontline clinicians against infection. The benefits of PPE far outweigh the risks, nonetheless, many clinicians are exhibiting skin injury caused by PPE worn incorrectly. These skin injuries, ranging from lesions to open wounds are concerning because they increase the susceptibility of viral infection and transmission to other individuals. Early into the COVID‐19 pandemic (April 2020), the U.S. National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel (NPIAP) developed a series of position statements to improve wear‐ability of PPE and protect healthcare professionals and their patients as safe from harm as possible under the circumstances. The NPIAP positions, which were formed by conducting a systematic review of what was known at the time, include: (1) Prepare skin before and after wearing PPE with skin sealants, barrier creams and moisturizers; (2) Frequent PPE offloading to relieve pressure and shear applied to skin; (3) treat visible skin injuries immediately caused by PPE to minimize future infection; (4) non‐porous dressings may provide additional skin protection, but lack evidence; (5) health systems should take care to educate clinicians about placement and personal hygiene related to handling PPE. Throughout all of these practices, handwashing remains a top priority to handle PPE. These NPIAP positions provided early guidance to reduce the risk of skin injury caused by PPE based on available research regarding PPE injuries, a cautious application of evidence‐based recommendations on prevention of device related pressure injuries in patients and the expert opinion of the NPIAP Board of Directors. Clinicians who adhere to these recommendations reduce the prospects of skin damage and long‐term effects (e.g. scarring). These simple steps to minimize the risk of skin injury and reduce the risk of coronavirus infection from PPE can help.
- Published
- 2021
23. Ethical Aspects of Artificially Administered Nutrition and Hydration: An ASPEN Position Paper
- Author
-
Albert Barrocas, Theodoric Wong, Mary Pat Turon-Findley, Rubén Gustavo Kliger, Denise B. Schwartz, Jay M. Mirtallo, Gil Hardy, Diego Arenas, Kathleen Stratton, Teruyoshi Amagai, Maria Giuseppina Annetta, Peggi Guenter, Kelly Green Corkins, and Carol McGinnis
- Subjects
Advance care planning ,030309 nutrition & dietetics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Decision Making ,education ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Advance Care Planning ,03 medical and health sciences ,Enteral Nutrition ,0302 clinical medicine ,Nursing ,Health care ,Humans ,Medicine ,Obligation ,Justice (ethics) ,Child ,media_common ,0303 health sciences ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,Communication ,Beneficence ,Directive ,Position paper ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Advance Directives ,business ,Autonomy - Abstract
The American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) Position Paper focus is on applying the 4 ethical principles for clinician's decision-making in the use of artificially administered nutrition and hydration (AANH) for adult and pediatric patients. These basic principles are (1) autonomy, respect the patient's healthcare preferences; (2) beneficence, provide healthcare in the best interest of the patient; (3) nonmaleficence, do no harm; and (4) justice, provide all individuals a fair and appropriate distribution of healthcare resources. Preventing and resolving ethical dilemmas is addressed, with an emphasis on a collaborative, interdisciplinary approach. Optimizing early communication and promoting advance care planning, involving completion of an advance directive, including designation of a surrogate decision-maker, are encouraged. Clinicians achieve respect for autonomy when they incorporate the patient, family, community, country, geographical, and presumed cultural values and religious belief considerations into ethical decision-making for adults and children with a shared decision-making process. These discussions should be guided by the 4 ethical principles. Hospital committees and teams, limited-time trials, clinician obligation with conflicts, and forgoing of AANH are addressed. Specific patient conditions are addressed because of the concern for potential ethical issues: coma, decreased consciousness, and dementia; advanced dementia; cancer; eating disorders; and end-stage disease/terminal illness. Incorporated in the Position Paper are ethical decisions during a pandemic and a legal summary involving ethical issues. International authors presented the similarities and differences within their own country or region and compared them with the US perspective.
- Published
- 2021
24. Respiratory sarcopenia: A position paper by four professional organizations
- Author
-
Susumu Sato, Shinjiro Miyazaki, Akira Tamaki, Yoshihiro Yoshimura, Hidenori Arai, Dai Fujiwara, Hideki Katsura, Atsuyoshi Kawagoshi, Ryo Kozu, Keisuke Maeda, Sumito Ogawa, Jun Ueki, and Hidetaka Wakabayashi
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
We defined respiratory sarcopenia as a coexistence of respiratory muscle weakness and decreased respiratory muscle mass. Although respiratory muscle function is indispensable for life support, its evaluation has not been included in the regular assessment of respiratory function or adequately evaluated in clinical practice. Considering this situation, we prepared a position paper outlining basic knowledge, diagnostic and assessment methods, mechanisms, involvement in respiratory diseases, intervention and treatment methods, and future perspectives on respiratory sarcopenia, and summarized the current consensus on respiratory sarcopenia. Respiratory sarcopenia is diagnosed when respiratory muscle weakness and decreased respiratory muscle mass are observed. If respiratory muscle mass is difficult to measure, we can use appendicular skeletal muscle mass as a surrogate. Probable respiratory sarcopenia is defined when respiratory muscle weakness and decreased appendicular skeletal muscle mass are observed. If only respiratory muscle strength is decreased without a decrease in respiratory function, the patient is diagnosed with possible respiratory sarcopenia. Respiratory muscle strength is assessed using maximum inspiratory pressure and maximum expiratory pressure. Ultrasonography and computed tomography are commonly used to assess respiratory muscle mass; however, there are insufficient data to propose the cutoff values for defining decreased respiratory muscle mass. It was jointly prepared by the representative authors and authorized by the Japanese Society for Respiratory Care and Rehabilitation, Japanese Association on Sarcopenia and Frailty, Japanese Society of Respiratory Physical Therapy and Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Nutrition. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 5-15.
- Published
- 2022
25. How the current non‐significant effects of person‐centred care on nurses' outcomes could be abated by the WE‐CARE roadmap enablers: A discursive paper
- Author
-
Cornelia Van Diepen, Andreas Fors, Monica Bertilsson, Malin Axelsson, Inger Ekman, Gunnel Hensing, and Socio-Medical Sciences (SMS)
- Subjects
General Nursing - Abstract
Aim: To describe the non-significant results in nurses' outcomes after the implementation of person-centred care (PCC) and discuss if and how enablers of the WE-CARE roadmap for implementing PCC could abate the non-significant results. Design: In this paper, an innovative framework of enablers in the WE-CARE Roadmap is explained in relation to increased PCC and nurses' job satisfaction. Method: Findings from a scoping review and published material provided how PCC and nurses' outcomes connect. The WE-CARE roadmap entails five enablers: Information technology, Quality measures, Infrastructure, Incentive systems and contracting strategies. Results: The WE-CARE roadmap was described and each enabler in the WE-CARE roadmap is discussed concerning PCC and the nurses' job satisfaction. Thus far, the effects of PCC on nurses' outcomes have been non-significant. The WE-CARE roadmap enablers can be implemented to ensure an increased PCC implementation and higher nurses' job satisfaction.
- Published
- 2022
26. In‐plane Defect Engineering Enabling Ultra‐stable Graphene Paper‐based Hosts for Lithium Metal Anodes
- Author
-
Feng Shao, Gang Li, Jian Yu, Nantao Hu, Tong Xia, Bin Li, Yanjie Su, Shiwei Xu, Zhi Yang, Yafei Zhang, Maoshu Yin, Hong Li, and Jie Ma
- Subjects
In plane ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Electrochemistry ,Optoelectronics ,Defect engineering ,Lithium metal ,business ,Catalysis ,Anode ,Graphene oxide paper - Published
- 2021
27. Pulp and paper mill sludges decrease soil erodibility
- Author
-
Krista Peltoniemi, Risto Uusitalo, Hannu Fritze, Kimmo Rasa, Juuso Joona, Taina Pennanen, Sannakajsa Velmala, and Janne Kaseva
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,Technical Reports ,Rain ,010501 environmental sciences ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,complex mixtures ,01 natural sciences ,Soil ,Nutrient ,Organic matter ,Waste Management and Disposal ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Water Science and Technology ,2. Zero hunger ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Suspended solids ,Sewage ,business.industry ,Soil organic matter ,Surface Water Quality ,food and beverages ,Agriculture ,Phosphorus ,Paper mill ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,15. Life on land ,Pollution ,6. Clean water ,Soil conditioner ,Agronomy ,chemistry ,Soil water ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Environmental science ,Soil fertility ,business - Abstract
Declining carbon (C) content in agricultural soils threatens soil fertility and makes soil prone to erosion, which could be rectified with organic soil amendments. In a 4‐yr field trial, we made a single application of three different organic sludges from the pulp and paper industry and studied their effects on cereal yield, soil C content, and fungal and bacterial composition. In laboratory rainfall simulations, we also studied the effects of the soil amendments on susceptibility to erosion and nutrient mobilization of a clay‐textured soil by measuring the quality of percolation water passing through 40‐cm intact soil monoliths during 2‐d rainfall simulations over four consecutive years after application. A nutrient‐poor fiber sludge reduced wheat yield in the first growing season, but there were no other significant effects on cereal yield or grain quality. An input of ∼8 Mg ha−1 C with the soil amendments had only minor effects on soil C content after 4 yr, likely because of fast microbe‐mediated turnover. The amendments clearly changed the fungal and bacterial community composition. All amendments significantly reduced suspended solids (SS) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations in percolation water. The effect declined with time, but the reduction in SS and TP was still >25% 4 yr after application. We attributed the lower tendency for particle detachment in rain simulations to direct interactions of soil minerals with the added particulate organic matter and microbe‐derived compounds that stabilize soil aggregates. In soils with low organic matter content, pulp and paper industry by‐products can be a viable measure for erosion mitigation.
- Published
- 2020
28. Measuring physical activity with activity monitors in patients with heart failure: from literature to practice. A position paper from the Committee on Exercise Physiology and Training of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology
- Author
-
Anna Wozniak, Ewa Piotrowicz, Andrew J.S. Coats, Ekaterini Lambrinou, Tiny Jaarsma, Barnabas Gellen, Leonie Klompstra, Martha Kyriakou, Maria Simonenko, Maurizio Volterrani, Massimo F Piepoli, Alain Cohen-Solal, Justien Cornelis, Klaus K. Witte, Emeline M. Van Craenenbroeck, David Niederseer, Francesco Orso, Elena Marques-Sule, Linköping University (LIU), Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol General Hospital, Nicosia General Hospital, Piacenza Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana), Marqueurs cardiovasculaires en situation de stress (MASCOT (UMR_S_942 / U942)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), University of Antwerp (UA), Belgian Health Care Knowledge Centre (KCE), Polyclinique de Poitiers - ELSAN (2PE), Universitat de València (UV), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), University hospital of Zurich [Zurich], Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi [Firenze] (AOUC), National Institute of Cardiology [Warsaw, Poland] (NIC), Antwerp University Hospital [Edegem] (UZA), Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (MHRF), University of Leeds, Doncaster and Bassetlaw Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust [Doncaster, UK] (DBTH), IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele [Milan, Italy], University Medical Center [Utrecht], leboeuf, Christophe, University of Zurich, and Klompstra, Leonie
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Cardiology ,Physical activity ,610 Medicine & health ,Heart failure ,Fitness Trackers ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Medical and Health Sciences ,2705 Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Exercise Capacity ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,[SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system ,medicine ,Humans ,Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems ,In patient ,Exercise physiology ,Association (psychology) ,Set (psychology) ,Exercise ,Monitoring, Physiologic ,Heart Failure ,Kardiologi ,business.industry ,Activity monitor ,Motion sensor ,Accelerometer ,medicine.disease ,[SDV.MHEP.CSC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system ,10209 Clinic for Cardiology ,Position paper ,Position Paper ,Human medicine ,Clinical Medicine ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Raw data ,business - Abstract
The aims of this paper were to provide an overview of available activity monitors used in research in patients with heart failure and to identify the key criteria in the selection of the most appropriate activity monitor for collecting, reporting, and analysing physical activity in heart failure research. This study was conducted in three parts. First, the literature was systematically reviewed to identify physical activity concepts and activity monitors used in heart failure research. Second, an additional scoping literature search for validation of these activity monitors was conducted. Third, the most appropriate criteria in the selection of activity monitors were identified. Nine activity monitors were evaluated in terms of size, weight, placement, costs, data storage, water resistance, outcomes and validation, and cut-off points for physical activity intensity levels were discussed. The choice of a monitor should depend on the research aims, study population and design regarding physical activity. If the aim is to motivate patients to be active or set goals, a less rigorously tested tool can be considered. On the other hand, if the aim is to measure physical activity and its changes over time or following treatment adjustment, it is important to choose a valid activity monitor with a storage and battery longevity of at least one week. The device should provide raw data and valid cut-off points should be chosen for analysing physical activity intensity levels. Other considerations in choosing an activity monitor should include data storage location and ownership and the upfront costs of the device. Funding Agencies|European Society of Cardiology Funding Source: Medline
- Published
- 2020
29. T.O.B.A. Time: Black Vaudeville and the Theatre Owners’ Booking Association in Jazz‐Age America by Michelle R.Scott, University of Illinois Press, Urbana, Chicago and Springfield, 2023, xvi + 264 pages, ISBN 978‐0‐252‐08698‐4, paper, US$28.00
- Author
-
Braham Dabscheck
- Subjects
Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,Management of Technology and Innovation ,General Business, Management and Accounting - Published
- 2023
30. Perspective on the white paper from the 2022 UC Davis Cardiovascular Research Symposium
- Author
-
Robert S. Kass
- Subjects
Physiology - Published
- 2023
31. When nurses' vulnerability challenges their moral integrity: A discursive paper
- Author
-
Anna‐Henrikje Seidlein and Eva Kuhn
- Subjects
General Nursing - Published
- 2023
32. 2023 Co‐winner of the Award for Best Graduate Student Paper
- Author
-
Kasturi Nagesh Pai
- Subjects
General Chemical Engineering - Published
- 2023
33. Paper Electronics Utilizing Screen Printing and Vapor Phase Polymerization
- Author
-
Robert Brooke, Jesper Edberg, Ioannis Petsagkourakis, Kathrin Freitag, Mohammad Yusuf Mulla, Marie Nilsson, Patrik Isacsson, and Peter Andersson Ersman
- Subjects
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,General Environmental Science - Published
- 2023
34. Discussion on the SJS invited paper by Sander Greenland Divergence vs. Decision P$$ P $$ ‐values: A Distinction worth making in theory and keeping in Practice
- Author
-
Dario Gasbarra
- Subjects
Statistics and Probability ,Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty - Published
- 2023
35. Erdoğan Rising: The Battle For the Soul of Turkey By Hannah LucindaSmith. William Collins, 2019. 416 pages. $17.99, paper
- Author
-
Matthew Goldman
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,Political Science and International Relations - Published
- 2023
36. 2023 Co‐winner of the Award for Best Graduate Student Paper
- Author
-
Nicholas Stiles Wilkins
- Subjects
General Chemical Engineering - Published
- 2023
37. Yasunaga et al. (2022) meets the ethics code of Marine Mammal Science , and the journal's decision to publish the paper is correct
- Author
-
Genta Yasunaga, Satoko Inoue, Takeharu Bando, Takashi Hakamada, and Yoshihiro Fujise
- Subjects
Aquatic Science ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Published
- 2023
38. THE LION ORTHOSTATS FROM HAZOR: AN ADDENDUM TO THE PAPER OF SHLOMIT BECHAR
- Author
-
David Ussishkin
- Subjects
Archeology ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Geography, Planning and Development - Published
- 2022
39. Defending Iran: From Revolutionary Guards to Ballistic Missiles, by GawdatBahgat and AnoushiravanEhteshami. Cambridge University Press, 2021. 288 pages. $29.99, paper
- Author
-
Ahmed S. Hashim
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,Political Science and International Relations - Published
- 2022
40. Management of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis during the COVID‐19 pandemic—An EAACI position paper
- Author
-
Jean Bousquet, Adam Chaker, Cezmi A. Akdis, Claus Bachert, Peter Valentin Tomazic, Marek Jutel, Sanna Toppila-Salmi, Valérie Hox, Wytske Fokkens, Carmen Rondon, Barbara Wollenberg, Banu Bozkurt, Jan Hagemann, Aspasia Karavelia, U Förster-Ruhrmann, Ralph Mösges, Cemal Cingi, Tilman Huppertz, Philippe Gevaert, Ioana Agache, Sven Becker, Ludger Klimek, HUS Inflammation Center, Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital Area
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,education ,Immunology ,MEDLINE ,Cochrane Library ,03 medical and health sciences ,Nasal Polyps ,0302 clinical medicine ,Adrenal Cortex Hormones ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,biologics ,Nasal polyps ,Sinusitis ,Risk factor ,Intensive care medicine ,Rhinitis ,Biological Products ,SARS-CoV-2 ,business.industry ,chronic rhinosinusitis ,Standard treatment ,COVID-19 ,CRSwNP ,medicine.disease ,Dupilumab ,Asthma ,3. Good health ,030104 developmental biology ,030228 respiratory system ,3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine ,Chronic Disease ,Position paper ,business - Abstract
BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis is regarded as a chronic airway disease. According to WHO recommendations, it may be a risk factor for COVID-19 patients. In most CRSwNP cases, the inflammatory changes affecting the nasal and paranasal mucous membranes are type-2 (T2) inflammation endotypes. MethodsThe current knowledge on COVID-19 and on treatment options for CRS was analyzed by a literature search in Medline, Pubmed, international guidelines, the Cochrane Library and the Internet. ResultsBased on international literature, on current recommendations by WHO and other international organizations as well as on previous experience, a panel of experts from EAACI and ARIA provided recommendations for the treatment of CRS during the COVID-19 pandemic. ConclusionIntranasal corticosteroids remain the standard treatment for CRS in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Surgical treatments should be reduced to a minimum and surgery preserved for patients with local complications and for those with no other treatment options. Systemic corticosteroids should be avoided. Treatment with biologics can be continued with careful monitoring in noninfected patients and should be temporarily interrupted during the course of the COVID-19 infection.
- Published
- 2021
41. Synthesising nutrition science into dietary guidelines for populations amidst the challenge of fake news: Summary of an Academy of Nutrition Sciences position paper
- Author
-
Judith L. Buttriss, Christine M. Williams, and Kevin Whelan
- Subjects
Research Report ,Evidence-Based Medicine ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Nutritional Sciences ,business.industry ,Academies and Institutes ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,History, 20th Century ,Public relations ,Nutrition science ,United Kingdom ,Nutrition Policy ,Political science ,Medicine ,Humans ,Position paper ,Fake news ,Noncommunicable Diseases ,business ,Social Media - Published
- 2021
42. Biologicals in atopic disease in pregnancy: An EAACI position paper
- Author
-
Adam Chaker, Zsolt Szépfalusi, Juan José Yepes-Nuñez, Onur Boyman, A. Vultaggio, Alexia Chatzipetrou, Oscar Palomares, Cezmi A. Akdis, Marek Jutel, Eva Untersmayr, Andrea Matucci, Mohammad Alsalamah, Alanna Marson, Sevim Bavbek, Paula Kauppi, Birgit Pfaller, Barbara Rogala, Antonios G.A. Kolios, Sarah Bendien, Susan Chan, Ioana Agache, Thomas Eiwegger, Carmen Li, Apostolos Bossios, George Du Toit, HUS Inflammation Center, Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, Helsinki University Hospital Area, University of Helsinki, University of Zurich, and Eiwegger, Thomas
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Allergy ,Omalizumab ,GUIDELINES ,Inflammatory bowel disease ,Biological Factors ,0302 clinical medicine ,10183 Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research ,Multicenter Studies as Topic ,Immunology and Allergy ,atopic dermatitis ,10177 Dermatology Clinic ,Atopic dermatitis ,CROHNS-DISEASE ,3. Good health ,biologicals ,2723 Immunology and Allergy ,Female ,Rituximab ,pregnancy ,medicine.drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,1ST TRIMESTER ,Immunology ,610 Medicine & health ,OMALIZUMAB USE ,Dermatitis, Atopic ,03 medical and health sciences ,MANAGEMENT ,medicine ,Humans ,RITUXIMAB ,REGULATORY T-CELLS ,Intensive care medicine ,Asthma ,Biological Products ,2403 Immunology ,Pregnancy ,business.industry ,Infant, Newborn ,asthma ,medicine.disease ,body regions ,030104 developmental biology ,030228 respiratory system ,3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine ,10033 Clinic for Immunology ,MODIFYING ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUGS ,Position paper ,business ,INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE - Abstract
Biologicals have transformed the management of severe disease phenotypes in asthma, atopic dermatitis, and chronic spontaneous urticaria. As a result, the number of approved biologicals for the treatment of atopic diseases is continuously increasing. Although atopic diseases are among the most common diseases in the reproductive age, investigations, and information on half-life, pharmacokinetics defining the neonatal Fc receptors (FcRn) and most important safety of biologicals in pregnancy are lacking. Given the complex sequence of immunological events that regulate conception, fetal development, and the intrauterine and postnatal maturation of the immune system, this information is of utmost importance. We conducted a systematic review on biologicals in pregnancy for indications of atopic diseases. Evidence in this field is scare and mainly reserved to reports on the usage of omalizumab. This lack of evidence demands the establishment of a multidisciplinary approach for the management of pregnant women who receive biologicals and multicenter registries for long-term follow-up, drug trial designs suitable for women in the reproductive age, and better experimental models that represent the human situation. Due to the very long half-life of biologicals, pre-conception counseling, and health care provider education is crucial to offer the best care for mother and fetus. This position paper integrates available data on safety of biologicals during pregnancy in atopic diseases via a systematic review with a detailed review on immunological considerations how inhibition of different pathways may impact pregnancy.
- Published
- 2021
43. Low‐Cost and Biodegradable Thermoelectric Devices Based on van der Waals Semiconductors on Paper Substrates
- Author
-
Ersu, Gulsum, Munuera, Carmen, Mompean, Federico J., Vaquero, Daniel, Quereda, Jorge, Rodrigues, João Elias F. S., Alonso, Jose A., Flores, Eduardo, Ares, Jose R., Ferrer, Isabel J., Al‐Enizi, Abdullah M., Nafady, Ayman, Kuriakose, Sruthi, Island, Joshua O., Castellanos‐Gomez, Andres, UAM. Departamento de Física de Materiales, and Materiales de Interés en Energías Renovables: Sistema Solar-H2 (EXP C-072)
- Subjects
Peltier elements ,Semiconductors ,Thermoelectric properties ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Física ,General Materials Science ,Environmental Science (miscellaneous) ,Seebeck coefficients ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Energy (miscellaneous) ,Water Science and Technology - Abstract
We present a method to fabricate handcrafted thermoelectric devices on standard office paper substrates. The devices are based on thin films of WS2, Te, and BP (P-type semiconductors) and TiS3 and TiS2 (N-type semiconductors), deposited by simply rubbing powder of these materials against paper. The thermoelectric properties of these semiconducting films revealed maximum Seebeck coefficients of (+1.32 ± 0.27) mV/K and (-0.82 ± 0.15) mV/K for WS2 and TiS3, respectively. Additionally, Peltier elements were fabricated by interconnecting the P-type and N-type films with graphite electrodes. A thermopower value up to 6.11 mV/K was obtained when the Peltier element is constructed with three junctions. The findings of this work show proof-of-concept devices to illustrate the potential application of semiconducting van der Waals materials in future thermoelectric power generation as well as temperature sensing for low-cost disposable electronic devices.
- Published
- 2023
44. Development of a Pencil Drawn Paper‐based Analytical Device to Detect Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD)*†
- Author
-
Antonio José Ipólito, Marcelo Firmino de Oliveira, M. Fátima Bento, Maria Fernanda Muzetti Ribeiro, and Universidade do Minho
- Subjects
Paper ,Saúde de qualidade ,Ciências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde ,Ciências da Saúde [Ciências Médicas] ,Injury control ,Accident prevention ,N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine ,screen-printed electrode ,Poison control ,01 natural sciences ,Methamphetamine ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,LSD ,Forensic Toxicology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Limit of Detection ,Political science ,Electrochemistry ,Genetics ,Humans ,forensic chemistry ,030216 legal & forensic medicine ,Electrodes ,voltammetry ,Science & Technology ,Screen printed electrode ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Paper based ,16. Peace & justice ,paper-based electrodes ,0104 chemical sciences ,Lysergic Acid Diethylamide ,electrochemistry ,Hallucinogens ,Humanities - Abstract
The need for agile and proper identification of drugs of abuse has encouraged the scientific community to improve and todevelop new methodologies. The drug lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is still widely used due to its hallucinogenic effects. The use ofvoltammetric methods to analyze narcotics has increased in recent years, and the possibility of miniaturizing the electrochemical equipmentallows these methods to be applied outside the laboratory; for example, in crime scenes. In addition to portability, the search for affordable andsustainable materials for use in electroanalytical research has grown in recent decades. In this context, employing paper substrate, graphite pen-cil, and silver paint to construct paper-based electrodes is a great alternative. Here, a paper-based device comprising three electrodes was drawnon 300 g/m2watercolor paper with 8B pencils, and its efficiency was compared to the efficiency of a commercially available screen-printedcarbon electrode. Square wave voltammetry was used for LSD analysis in aqueous medium containing 0.05 mol/L LiClO4. The limits of detec-tion and quantification were 0.38 and 1.27 mol/L, respectively. Both electrodes exhibited a similar voltammetric response, which was alsoconfirmed during analysis of a seized LSD sample, with recovery of less than 10%. The seized samples were previously analyzed by GCMStechnique, employing the full scan spectra against the software spectral library. The electrode selectivity was also tested against 3,4-methylene-dioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and methamphetamine. It was possible to differentiate these compounds from LSD, indicating that the devel-oped paper-based device has potential application in forensic chemistry analyses., Financial support provided by the Polícia Científica do Estado de São Paulo for the partnership, and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP - Process 2016/23825-3), Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, FCT, Portugal, (UID/QUI/00686/2016 and UID/QUI/00686/2019), and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Process Capes Pro Forenses 25/2014).
- Published
- 2020
45. Unusual pneumoconiosis in two patients with heavy print toner, and paper dust exposure
- Author
-
Henry D. Tazelaar, Adela Vrbenska, Kristopher W. Cummings, and Mrinal Sarwate
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Lung ,pneumoconiosis ,desquamative interstitial pneumonia ,business.industry ,Pneumoconiosis ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Case Report ,Desquamative interstitial pneumonia ,medicine.disease ,Asymptomatic ,Dermatology ,Lymphoid hyperplasia ,respiratory tract diseases ,paper dust ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,paper toner ,Lung disease ,Medicine ,giant cell interstitial pneumonia ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Photocopier toner ,Paper dust - Abstract
Workers in a print shop are exposed to photocopier toner dust and paper dust over a prolonged period of time. However, there are only rare case reports of toner and paper dust induced lung damage in humans. We reviewed our consultation files for a period of 30 years from 1987 to 2018 to look for cases with a diagnosis of giant cell interstitial pneumonia (GIP), printer toner exposure and paper dust exposure resulting in lung disease. There were two cases which met our inclusion criteria. Slides, clinical histories and imaging were reviewed. Both the patients had worked in print shops, and had no history of exposure to hard metals. Patient 1 presented with shortness of breath and cough over several months, while patient 2 was asymptomatic at presentation. Both the patients underwent surgical lung biopsies. Histopathologic examination from both the cases showed a spectrum of pathology, including features of GIP, desquamative interstitial pneumonia, chronic bronchiolitis with lymphoid hyperplasia, and particulate matter consistent with toner. Energy dispersive spectroscopy was performed on one case, and it revealed no cobalt or tungsten particles. The unusual combination of findings is very suggestive that toner particles with or without paper dust exposure were responsible for the pathologic changes in the lungs of these patients. This possibility should be explored further with additional patients who work in print shops where they are exposed to paper dust and paper toner and have signs or symptoms of diffuse lung disease.
- Published
- 2020
46. Kinetic analysis about the CO 2 capture capacity of lime mud from paper mill in calcium looping process
- Author
-
Rongyue Sun, Jiangming Ye, and Rui Xiao
- Subjects
Materials science ,lime mud ,lcsh:T ,business.industry ,calcium looping process ,Kinetic analysis ,Paper mill ,engineering.material ,Pulp and paper industry ,complex mixtures ,CO2 capture ,lcsh:Technology ,General Energy ,kinetics ,Scientific method ,parasitic diseases ,engineering ,lcsh:Q ,lcsh:Science ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,business ,Calcium looping ,Lime - Abstract
Lime mud, a kind of industrial waste that produced in paper mill, was proposed as CO2 sorbent in calcium looping process. The carbonation performance of the lime mud was investigated in a dual‐fixed bed reactor (DFR) and a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). The carbonation kinetics of the lime mud in the chemical reaction controlled stage was analyzed by a surface reaction‐controlled kinetic model. The results show that the lime mud presents much poorer carbonation performance during the chemical reaction controlled stage compared with the limestone, mainly due to the high content of chlorine in the lime mud. A prewash treatment process was used to decrease the chlorine content to mitigate the sintering of the lime mud when calcined at high temperature. After prewash treatment, the prewashed lime mud shows much higher CO2 capture capacity during the chemical reaction controlled stage compared with the lime mud. A prolonged carbonation process successfully further enhances the microstructure and improves the carbonation performance of the prewashed lime mud in the chemical reaction controlled stage. The lime mud can be effectively used as CO2 sorbent in calcium looping process after prewash treatment and the following prolonged carbonation treatment.
- Published
- 2020
47. Assessing spirometry competence through certification in community‐based healthcare settings in Australia and New Zealand: A position paper of the Australian and New Zealand Society of Respiratory Science
- Author
-
Eleonora A. Del Colle, Maureen P. Swanney, Irene Schneider, Leanne T. Rodwell, Emily R. Ingram, Sarah Baum, Brigitte M. Borg, and Deborah Taylor
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Spirometry ,Certification ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,MathematicsofComputing_GENERAL ,GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS ,Occupational safety and health ,InformationSystems_GENERAL ,medicine ,Humans ,Community Health Services ,quality control ,Position Statement ,Competence (human resources) ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Societies, Medical ,Asthma ,Medical education ,COPD ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Australia ,Models, Theoretical ,medicine.disease ,occupational health ,Portfolio ,Position paper ,business ,Delivery of Health Care ,New Zealand - Abstract
See related Editorial See cover image, Spirometry has been established as an essential test for diagnosing and monitoring respiratory disease, particularly asthma and COPD, as well as in occupational health surveillance. In Australia and New Zealand, there is currently no pathway for spirometry operators in community‐based healthcare settings to demonstrate spirometry competence. The Australia and New Zealand Society of Respiratory Science (ANZSRS) has identified a need for developing a pathway for operators working in community‐based practices in Australia and New Zealand to demonstrate spirometry competence and certification. Spirometry certification provides evidence to patients, clients, employers and organizations that an individual has participated in an assessment process that qualifies them to perform spirometry to current international spirometry standards set out by the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society (ATS/ERS). This document describes a competence assessment pathway that incorporates a portfolio and practical assessment. The completion of this pathway and the award of certification confer an individual is competent to perform spirometry for 3 years, after which re‐certification is required. The adoption of this competency assessment and certification process by specialist organizations, and the commitment of operators performing spirometry to undergo this process, will enhance spirometry quality and practice in community‐based healthcare settings.
- Published
- 2020
48. A Smartwatch Integrated with a Paper‐based Microfluidic Patch for Sweat Electrolytes Monitoring
- Author
-
Bo Liang, Lu Fang, Tingting Tu, Xiyu Mao, Jinwei Wei, Xuesong Ye, and Qingpeng Cao
- Subjects
Smartwatch ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Microfluidics ,Electrochemistry ,Nanotechnology ,Paper based ,business ,Wearable technology ,Analytical Chemistry - Published
- 2020
49. European Bifurcation Club white paper on stenting techniques for patients with bifurcated coronary artery lesions
- Author
-
Goran Stankovic, Francesco Burzotta, Manuel Pan, Thierry Lefèvre, Hyeon Cheol Gwon, Bon Kwon Koo, Alaide Chieffo, Yves Louvard, Adrian P. Banning, Yoshinobu Murasato, Jens Flensted Lassen, Patrick W. Serruys, David Hildick-Smith, Olivier Daremont, Vladimír Džavík, Yiannis S. Chatzizisis, Shao-Liang Chen, and Yutaka Hikichi
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Clinical Decision-Making ,Coronary Artery Disease ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,White paper ,bifurcation lesions ,Humans ,Medicine ,Stent implantation ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Medical physics ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ,stenting technique ,Bifurcation ,Task force ,business.industry ,PCI ,Subject (documents) ,personalized medicine ,General Medicine ,DES ,3. Good health ,Clinical Practice ,Treatment Outcome ,Settore MED/11 - MALATTIE DELL'APPARATO CARDIOVASCOLARE ,Conventional PCI ,Stents ,Club ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
Background: Defining the optimal conduction of percutaneous-coronary-intervention (PCI) to treat bifurcation lesions has been the subject of many clinical studies showing that the applied stenting technique may influence clinical outcome. Accordingly, bifurcation stenting classifications and technical sequences should be standardized to allow proper reporting and comparison. Methods: The European Bifurcation Club (EBC) is a multidisciplinary group dedicated to optimize the treatment of bifurcations and previously created a classification of bifurcation stenting techniques that is based on the first stent implantation site. Since some techniques have been abandoned, others have been refined and dedicated devices became available, EBC promoted an international task force aimed at updating the classification of bifurcation stenting techniques as well as at highlighting the best practices for most popular techniques. Original descriptive images obtained by drawings, bench tests and micro-computed-tomographic reconstructions have been created in order to serve as tutorials in both procedure reporting and clinical practice. Results: An updated Main-Across-Distal-Side (MADS)-2, classification of bifurcation stenting techniques has been realized and is reported in the present article allowing standardized procedure reporting in both clinical practice and scientific studies. The EBC-promoted task force deeply discussed, agreed on and described (using original drawings and bench tests) the optimal steps for the following major bifurcation stenting techniques: (a) 1-stent techniques (“provisional” and “inverted provisional”) and (b) 2-stent techniques (“T/TAP,” “culotte,” and “DK-crush”). Conclusions: The present EBC-promoted paper is intended to facilitate technique selection, reporting and performance for PCI on bifurcated lesions during daily clinical practice.
- Published
- 2020
50. Diagnosis and treatment of progressive multiple sclerosis: A position paper
- Author
-
Carlo Pozzilli, Maura Pugliatti, Patrick Vermersch, Nikolaos Grigoriadis, Mona Alkhawajah, Laura Airas, and Celia Oreja‐Guevara
- Subjects
Neurology ,Neurology (clinical) - Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an unpredictable disease characterised by a highly variable disease onset and clinical course. Three main clinical phenotypes have been described. However, distinguishing between the two progressive forms of MS can be challenging for clinicians. This article examines how the diagnostic definitions of progressive MS impact clinical research, the design of clinical trials and, ultimately, treatment decisions.We carried out an extensive review of the literature highlighting differences in the definition of progressive forms of MS, and the importance of assessing the extent of the ongoing inflammatory component in MS when making treatment decisions.Inconsistent results in phase III clinical studies of treatments for progressive MS, may be attributable to differences in patient characteristics (e.g., age, clinical and radiological activity at baseline) and endpoint definitions. In both primary and secondary progressive MS, patients who are younger and have more active disease will derive the greatest benefit from the available treatments.We recommend making treatment decisions based on the individual patient's pattern of disease progression, as well as functional, clinical and imaging parameters, rather than on their clinical phenotype. Because the definition of progressive MS differs across clinical studies, careful selection of eligibility criteria and study endpoints is needed for future studies in patients with progressive MS.
- Published
- 2022
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.