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One way to reduce the computational load of the agents is the distribution of their services. To achieve this goal, the functionality of a MAS (multiagent system) should not reside in the agents themselves, but ubiquitously be distributed so that allows the system to perform tasks in parallel avoiding an additional computational cost. The distribution of services that offers SCODA (Distributed and Specialized Agent Communities) allows an intelligent management of these services provided by agents of the system and the parallel execution of threads that allow to respond to requests asynchronously, which implies an improvement in the performance of the system at both the computational level as the level of quality of service in the control of these services. The comparison carried out in the case of study that is presented in this paper demonstrates the existing improvement in the distribution of services on systems based on SCODA.

Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) are associations between genetic variants, such as Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), and gene expression. eQTLs are an important tool to understand the genetic variance of gene expression of complex phenotypes. eQTLs analyses are common in biomedical models but are scarce in woody crop species such as fruit trees or grapes. In this study, a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis was conducted leveraging with expression data from two different growth stages, around ripening onset, of 10 genotypes of grape (Vitis vinifera L.). A total of 2170 cis-eQTL were identified in 212 gene modulated at ripening onset. The 48% of these DEGs have a known function. Among the annotated protein-coding genes, terpene synthase, auxin-regulatory factors, GRFS, ANK_REP_REGION domain-containing protein, Kinesin motor domain-containing protein and flavonol synthase were noted. This new inventory of cis-eQTLs influencing gene expression during fruit ripening will be an important resource to examine variation for this trait and will help to elucidate the complex genetic architecture underlying this process in grape., PJMG is grateful for his RYC-2016-19898 contract by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness

Frustration, which is one aspect of the field of emotional recognition, is of particular interest to the video game industry as it provides information concerning each individual player’s level of engagement. The use of non-invasive strategies to estimate this emotion is, therefore, a relevant line of research with a direct application to real-world scenarios. While several proposals regarding the performance of non-invasive frustration recognition can be found in literature, they usually rely on hand-crafted features and rarely exploit the potential inherent to the combination of different sources of information. This work, therefore, presents a new approach that automatically extracts meaningful descriptors from individual audio and video sources of information using Deep Neural Networks (DNN) in order to then combine them, with the objective of detecting frustration in Game-Play scenarios. More precisely, two fusion modalities, namely decision-level and feature-level, are presented and compared with state-of-the-art methods, along with different DNN architectures optimized for each type of data. Experiments performed with a real-world audiovisual benchmarking corpus revealed that the multimodal proposals introduced herein are more suitable than those of a unimodal nature, and that their performance also surpasses that of other state-of-the–art approaches, with error rate improvements of between 40% and 90%. Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. The first author acknowledges the support from the Spanish “Ministerio de Educación y Formación Profesional” through grant 20CO1/000966. The second and third authors acknowledge support from the “Programa I+D+i de la Generalitat Valenciana” through grants ACIF/2019/042 and APOSTD/2020/256, respectively.

Multiple myeloma (MM) patients undergo repetitive bone marrow (BM) aspirates for genetic characterization. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are detectable in peripheral blood (PB) of virtually all MM cases and are prognostic, but their applicability for noninvasive screening has been poorly investigated. Here, we used next-generation flow (NGF) cytometry to isolate matched CTCs and BM tumor cells from 53 patients and compared their genetic profile. In eight cases, tumor cells from extramedullary (EM) plasmacytomas were also sorted and whole-exome sequencing was performed in the three spatially distributed tumor samples. CTCs were detectable by NGF in the PB of all patients with MM. Based on the cancer cell fraction of clonal and subclonal mutations, we found that ~22% of CTCs egressed from a BM (or EM) site distant from the matched BM aspirate. Concordance between BM tumor cells and CTCs was high for chromosome arm-level copy number alterations (≥95%) though not for translocations (39%). All high-risk genetic abnormalities except one t(4;14) were detected in CTCs whenever present in BM tumor cells. Noteworthy, ≥82% mutations present in BM and EM clones were detectable in CTCs. Altogether, these results support CTCs for noninvasive risk-stratification of MM patients based on their numbers and genetic profile., This study was supported by the Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red—Área de Oncología—del Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERONC; CB16/12/00236, CB16/12/00369, CB16/12/00489, and CB16/12/00400); by Cancer Research UK [C355/A26819] and FC AECC and AIRC under the Accelerator Award Program; by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, FCAECC and co-financed by FEDER (ERANET-TRANSCAN-2 iMMunocell AC17/00101); the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and co-financed by FSE (Torres Quevedo fellowship, PTQ-16-08623); the Black Swan Research Initiative of the International Myeloma Foundation; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Commission’s H2020 Framework Programme (MYELOMANEXT, 680200); the Qatar National Research Fund (QNRF) Award No. 7-916-3-237; the AACR-Millennium Fellowship in Multiple Myeloma Research (15-40-38-PAIV); the Leukemia Research Foundation; and the Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation (MMRF) under the 2019 Research Fellowship Award.

Admixed American populations have different global proportions of European, Sub-Saharan African, and Native-American ancestry. However, individuals who display the same global ancestry could exhibit remarkable differences in the distribution of local ancestry blocks. We studied for the first time the distribution of local ancestry across the genome of 264 Brazilian admixed individuals, ascertained within the scope of the Brazilian Initiative on Precision Medicine. We found a decreased proportion of European ancestry together with an excess of Native-American ancestry on chromosome 8p23.1 and showed that this is due to haplotypes created by chromosomal inversion events. Furthermore, Brazilian non-inverted haplotypes were more similar to Native-American haplotypes than to European haplotypes, in contrast to what was found in other American admixed populations. We also identified signals of recent positive selection on chromosome 8p23.1, and one gene within this locus, PPP1R3B, is related to glycogenesis and has been associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and obesity. These findings point to a selection event after admixture, which is still not entirely understood in recent admixture events., This study was supported by FAPESP (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Brazil) grants BEPE-PD #2016/14423-9, and CEPID-BRAINN #2013/07559-3 IL-C and F.C. were also supported by grants from CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa, Brazil). A.M.S., L.R.A. and D.C. were also supported by the Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de la Recerca (Generalitat de Catalunya) grant 2014SGR866 and ‘Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu’ funded by MINECO (MDM-2014-0370).

The gut microbiome is emerging as a key regulator of several metabolic, immune and neuroendocrine pathways1,2. Gut microbiome deregulation has been implicated in major conditions such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, non-alcoholic fatty acid liver disease and cancer3,4,5,6, but its precise role in aging remains to be elucidated. Here, we find that two different mouse models of progeria are characterized by intestinal dysbiosis with alterations that include an increase in the abundance of Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria, and a decrease in the abundance of Verrucomicrobia. Consistent with these findings, we found that human progeria patients also display intestinal dysbiosis and that long-lived humans (that is, centenarians) exhibit a substantial increase in Verrucomicrobia and a reduction in Proteobacteria. Fecal microbiota transplantation from wild-type mice enhanced healthspan and lifespan in both progeroid mouse models, and transplantation with the verrucomicrobia Akkermansia muciniphila was sufficient to exert beneficial effects. Moreover, metabolomic analysis of ileal content points to the restoration of secondary bile acids as a possible mechanism for the beneficial effects of reestablishing a healthy microbiome. Our results demonstrate that correction of the accelerated aging-associated intestinal dysbiosis is beneficial, suggesting the existence of a link between aging and the gut microbiota that provides a rationale for microbiome-based interventions against age-related diseases. Sin financiación 36.130 JCR (2019) Q1, 2/297 Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, 3/195 Cell Biology, 1/138 Medicine, Research & Experimental 15.812 SJR (2019) Q1, 2/271 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous), 5/2754 Medicine (miscellaneous) No data IDR 2019 UEM

Fusions transcripts have been proven to be strong drivers for neoplasia-associated mutations, although their incidence in T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma needs to be determined yet. Using RNA-Seq we have selected 55 fusion transcripts identified by at least two of three detection methods in the same tumour. We confirmed the existence of 24 predicted novel fusions that had not been described in cancer or normal tissues yet, indicating the accuracy of the prediction. Of note, one of them involves the proto oncogene TAL1. Other confirmed fusions could explain the overexpression of driver genes such as COMMD3-BMI1, LMO1 or JAK3. Five fusions found exclusively in tumour samples could be considered pathogenic (NFYG-TAL1, RIC3-TCRBC2, SLC35A3-HIAT1, PICALM MLLT10 and MLLT10-PICALM). However, other fusions detected simultaneously in normal and tumour samples (JAK3-INSL3, KANSL1-ARL17A/B and TFG-ADGRG7) could be germ-line fusions genes involved in tumour-maintaining tasks. Notably, some fusions were confirmed in more tumour samples than predicted, indicating that the detection methods underestimated the real number of existing fusions. Our results highlight the potential of RNA-Seq to identify new cryptic fusions, which could be drivers or tumour-maintaining passenger genes. Such novel findings shed light on the searching for new T-LBL biomarkers in these haematological disorders., Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (SAF2015-70561-R; MINECO/FEDER, EU); the Autonomous Community of Madrid, Spain (B2017/BMD-3778; LINFOMAS-CM) and the Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC, 2018; PROYE18054PIRI). Institutional grants from the Fundación Ramón Areces and Banco de Santander

Over the past years, chromatin modification has emerged as a key regulator of gene expression. A very useful method for chromatin analysis is chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), which allows the quantification and localization of specific histone modifications. The basic steps of the ChIP protocol include cross-linking of histones and DNA, chromatin isolation, shearing the DNA into smaller fragments, immunoprecipitation with specific antibodies, and enrichment analysis by several methods including real-time quantitative PCR (ChIP-qPCR), microarray hybridization (ChIP-chip), or sequencing (ChIP-seq). Here, we describe how to use ChIP-qPCR to analyze histone modifications at the core of the Arabidopsis thaliana circadian clock. We also briefly discuss a number of protocol adjustments to be considered in ChIP-seq experiments., The work in our laboratory is supported by grants from the Ramón Areces Foundation, the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) (BIO2010-16483), the EMBO YIP program and from EUROHORCS (European Heads of Research Councils) and the European Science Foundation (ESF) through the EURYI Award to Paloma Mas.

A total of 145 microsatellite primer pairs from Prunus DNA sequences were studied for transferability in a set of eight cultivars from nine rosaceous species (almond, peach, apricot, Japanese plum, European plum, cherry, apple, pear, and strawberry), 25 each of almond genomic, peach genomic, peach expressed sequence tags (EST), and Japanese plum genomic, 22 of almond EST, and 23 of apricot (13 EST and 10 genomic), all known to produce single-locus and polymorphic simple-sequence repeats in the species where they were developed. Most primer pairs (83.6%) amplified bands of the expected size range in other Prunus. Transferability, i.e., the proportion of microsatellites that amplified and were polymorphic, was also high in Prunus (63.9%). Almond and Japanese plum were the most variable among the diploid species (all but the hexaploid European plum) and peach the least polymorphic. Thirty-one microsatellites amplified and were polymorphic in all Prunus species studied, 12 of which, covering its whole genome, are proposed as the “universal Prunus set”. In contrast, only 16.3% were transferable in species of other Rosaceae genera (apple, pear, and strawberry). Polymorphic Prunus microsatellites also detected lower levels of variability in the non-congeneric species. No significant differences were detected in transferability and the ability to detect variability between microsatellites of EST and genomic origin., This research was partly funded by a project of the Spanish Ministry of Education (AGL2006-07767/AGR). The group of IRTA is a member of the CONSOLIDER Center for Basic Genomics and Agro-food Orientation (CSD2007-00036).

Upon crushing, amygdalin present in bitter almonds is hydrolysed to benzaldehyde, which gives a bitter flavour, and to cyanide, which is toxic. Bitterness is attributable to the recessive allele of the Sweet kernel (Sk/sk) gene and is selected against in breeding programmes. Almond has a long intergeneration period due to its long juvenile phase, so breeders must wait 3 or 4 years to evaluate fruit traits in the field. For this reason, it is important to develop molecular markers to distinguish between sweet and bitter genotypes. The Sk gene is known to map to linkage group five (G5) of the almond genome, but its function is still undefined. Candidate genes involved in the amygdalin pathway have been mapped, but none of them were located to G5. We have saturated G5 with additional Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) using the progeny from the cross “R1000” × “Desmayo Largueta” and found six SSRs (UDA-045, EPDCU2584, CPDCT028, BPPCT037, PceGA025, and CPDCT016) closely linked to the Sk locus. The genotypes of four of these SSRs flanking the Sk locus, in a number of parents and a few seedlings of the CEBAS-CSIC almond breeding programme, allowed us to estimate the haplotypes of the parents, identifying the marker alleles adequate for an early and highly efficient selection against bitter genotypes. This analysis has established the usefulness of SSRs for screening populations of fruit trees such as almond by an easy, polymerase chain reaction-based method., This study was financed by a project of the Spanish Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia.

Different factors affect the quality of melon fruit and among them long shelf life is critical from the consumer’s point of view. In melon, cultivars showing both climacteric and non-climacteric ripening types are found. In this study we have investigated climacteric ripening and fruit softening using a collection of near-isogenic lines (NILs) derived from the non-climacteric melon parental lines PI 161375 (SC) and “Piel de Sapo” (PS). Surprisingly, we found that QTL eth3.5 in NIL SC3-5b induced a climacteric-ripening phenotype with increased respiration and ethylene levels. Data suggest that the non-climacteric phenotypes from PI 161375 and “Piel de Sapo” may be the result of mutations in different genes. Several QTLs for fruit flesh firmness were also detected. Candidate genes putatively involved in ethylene regulation, biosynthesis and perception and cell wall degradation were mapped and some colocations with QTLs were observed. These results may provide additional data towards understanding of non-climacteric ripening in melon., This work was funded by grants AGL2003-09175-C02-01 and AGL2003-09175-C02-02 from the Spanish “Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia” (MEC). EM was supported by an AGAUR fellowship (Generalitat de Catalunya). JO was supported by a MAE-AECI fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Foreigner Affairs. NDS was supported by two consecutive fellowships from FPI (Fundación Séneca de la Región de Murcia) and FPU (MEC AP2006-01565).

We report the development of 158 primer pairs flanking SSR motifs in genomic (gSSR) and EST (EST-SSR) melon sequences, all yielding polymorphic bands in melon germplasm, except one that was polymorphic only in Cucurbita species. A similar polymorphism level was found among EST-SSRs and gSSRs, between dimeric and trimeric EST-SSRs, and between EST-SSRs placed in the open reading frame or any of the 5′- or 3′-untranslated regions. Correlation between SSR length and polymorphism was only found for dinucleotide EST-SSRs located within the untranslated regions, but not for trinucleotide EST-SSRs. Transferability of EST-SSRs to Cucurbita species was assayed and 12.7% of the primer pairs amplified at least in one species, although only 5.4% were polymorphic. A set of 14 double haploid lines from the cross between the cultivar “Piel de Sapo” and the accession PI161375 were selected for the bin mapping approach in melon. One hundred and twenty-one SSR markers were newly mapped. The position of 46 SSR loci was also verified by genotyping the complete population. A final bin-map was constructed including 80 RFLPs, 212 SSRs, 3 SNPs and the Nsv locus, distributed in 122 bins with an average bin length of 10.2 cM and a maximum bin length of 33 cM. Map density was 4.2 cM/marker or 5.9 cM/SSR., This work was funded in part by grants AGL2006-12780-C02-01, GEN2003-20237-C06-02 [Spanish Ministry of Education and Science and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER, European Union)] and RF2004-00003-00-00 [Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)]. IFS was supported by a fellowship from INIA.

In this study, two melon bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones have been sequenced and annotated. BAC 1-21-10 spans 92 kb and contains the nsv locus conferring resistance to the Melon Necrotic Spot Virus (MNSV) in melon linkage group 11. BAC 13J4 spans 98 kb and belongs to a BAC contig containing resistance gene homologues, extending a previous sequenced region of 117 kb in linkage group 4. Both regions have microsyntenic relationships to the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana, and to Medicago truncatula and Populus trichocarpa. The network of synteny found between melon and each of the sequenced genomes reflects the polyploid structure of Arabidopsis, Populus, and Medicago genomes due to whole genome duplications (WGD). A detailed analysis revealed that both melon regions have a lower relative syntenic quality with Arabidopsis (eurosid II) than when compared to Populus and Medicago (eurosid I). Although phylogenetically Cucurbitales seem to be closer to Fabales than to Malphigiales, synteny was higher between both melon regions and Populus. Presented data imply that the recently completed Populus genome sequence could preferentially be used to obtain positional information in melon, based on microsynteny., W. D. is recipient of a postdoctoral contract from the Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica (CRAG).

There is an increasing amount of public sequence information for the main cultivated cereals, such as wheat and barley. It is not foreseeable that comparable efforts or resources could be devoted to related wild species. However, wild species are interesting sources of genetic variation through introgression breeding. Comparative genomics can be a helpful approach to make use of the available genomic resources. In this context, the potential of the wild barley species Hordeum chilense has been explored in recent years. It exhibits great levels of polymorphism and high crossability with different cereal genera. In addition, interesting biotic and abiotic stress resistance genes, and important quality traits like carotene content and seed storage protein variability shown in the species are also expressed in wheat backgrounds, and are the basis of a breeding program. Different approaches have been undertaken for tagging H. chilense genomic regions in a wheat background. The search for the most suitable DNA marker system started with the development of RAPD and SCAR markers due to a lack of sequence information from the wild species. Transferability of markers from wheat and barley (like STSs or SSRs) have also been useful approximations. More recently, SNP development is being accomplished for the species. In this work, the situation and prospects with the available molecular tools are considered from a practical point of view., Supported by projects AGL2003-0720 and HA2002-0076 from DGI, Spain.

RAPD markers generated by mixtures of two different primers were developed for octoploid × Tritordeum (amphiploid Hordeum chilense × Triticum aestivum) and its parents. Addition lines were used to identify 21 specific RAPD markers for the H. chilense chromosomes detectable in a wheat background. Ten RAPD bands were selected and eight of them were converted into dominant SCAR markers by direct sequencing of the RAPD products, avoiding the costly and time-consuming cloning step. The methodology overcomes some of the pitfalls associated with the election of the right clones when developing SCARs from RAPD markers. The SCARs generated have maintained both the chromosome specificity and the possibility of detection in a wheat background. This strategy provides a rapid method for the characterization of RAPD markers and for the development of PCR-based markers for both the characterization of the introgression of H. chilense in bread and durum wheat, as well as the efficient and reliable screening of tritordeum lines., The first author acknowledges the ‘Consejo Superiorde Investigaciones Científicas’ (Spain) for the awardof a fellowship. Financial support from the CICYT,Spain (Projects AGF95-0964-C02-01 and AGF98-0945-CO2-01) is also acknowledged.

The sequence of an α-tubulin from Prunus amygdalus has been obtained by cDNA cloning. When this sequence is compared to that of the Tubα1 gene from maize it shows a very high degree of similarity, much higher than any of the α-tubulin sequences reported so far from plants. The expression of this gene is high in the stages of seed development where a high divisional activity is present. It is preferentially expressed in the radicular tissues as it is gene Tubα1 in maize. Southern analysis indicates that this gene may from a subfamily of α-tubulin genes having similar sequence and tissue specificity and existing at least in maize and in Prunus., J.G.M. is recipient of a fellowship from Plan Nacional. The work has been carried out under a grant from Plan Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica (BI090-0885).

In most plants, sucrose is the primary product of photosynthesis, the transport form of assimilated carbon, and also one of the main factors determining sweetness in fresh fruits. Traditional methods for sugar quantification (mainly sucrose, glucose and fructose) require obtaining crude plant extracts, which sometimes involve substantial sample manipulation, making the process time-consuming and increasing the risk of sample degradation. Here, we describe and validate a fast method to determine sugar content in intact plant tissue by using high-resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HR-MAS NMR). The HR-MAS NMR method was used for quantifying sucrose, glucose and fructose in mesocarp tissues from melon fruits (Cucumis melo var. reticulatus and Cucumis melo var. cantalupensis). The resulting sugar content varied among individual melons, ranging from 1.4 to 7.3 g of sucrose, 0.4–2.5 g of glucose; and 0.73–2.83 g of fructose (values per 100 g fw). These values were in agreement with those described in the literature for melon fruit tissue, and no significant differences were found when comparing them with those obtained using the traditional, enzymatic procedure, on melon tissue extracts. The HR-MAS NMR method offers a fast (usually, This work was funded by grants from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (SAF2008-03323 and SAF2011-23870 to CA) and the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (BIO2009-08719 and BIO2012-32838 to BSS). CIBER-BBN is an initiative of Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain, which is co-funded with EU-funds.

29 pags., 18 figs., 3 tabs. 1 app., We present a set of Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) continuum and molecular line emission maps at ~1 mm wavelengths of OH 231.8+4.2. This is a well studied bipolar nebula around an asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star that is key in investigations of the origin of the remarkable changes in nebular morphology and kinematics during the short transition from the AGB to the planetary nebula (PN) phase. The excellent angular resolution of our maps (~20 mas ¿ 30 au) allows us to scrutinize the central nebular regions of OH 231.8+4.2, which hold the clues to unravel how this iconic object assembled its complex nebular architecture. We report, for the first time for this object and others of its kind (i.e.,pre-PN with massive bipolar outflows), the discovery of a rotating circumbinary disk selectively traced by NaCl, KCl, and H2O emission lines. This represents the first detection of KCl in an oxygen-rich (O-rich) AGB circumstellar envelope (CSE). The rotating disk, of a radius of ~30 au, lies at the base of a young bipolar wind traced by SiO and SiS emission (referred to as the SS-outflow), which also presents signs of rotation at its base. The NaCl equatorial structure is characterised by a mean rotation velocity of Vrot ~ 4 km s¿1 and extremely low expansion speeds, Vexp ~ 3 km s¿1. The SS-outflow has predominantly expansive kinematics, characterized by a constant radial velocity gradient of ~65km s¿1 arcsec¿1 at its base. Beyond r ~ 350 au, the gas in the SS-outflow continues its radial flow at a constant terminal speed of Vexp ~ 16 km s¿1. Our continuum maps reveal a spatially resolved dusty disk-like structure perpendicular to the SS-outflow, with the NaCl, KCl, and H2O emission arising from the surface layers of the disk. Within the disk, we also identify an unresolved point continuum source, which likely represents the central Mira-type star QX Pup enshrouded by a ~3 R* component of hot, (~1400 K) freshly formed dust. The point source is slightly off-center (by ~6.6mas) from the disk centroid, enabling us to place the first constraints on the orbital separation and period of the central binary system, namely: a ~ 20 au and Porb ~ 55 yr, respectively. The formation of the dense rotating equatorial structure at the core of OH 231.8+4.2 is most likely the result of wind Roche lobe overflow (WRLOF) mass transfer from QX Pup to the main-sequence companion; this scenario is greatly favored by the extremely low AGB wind velocity, the relatively high mass of the companion, and the comparable sizes of the dust condensation radius and the Roche lobe radius deduced from our data. The Vexp¿ r kinematic pattern observed within the r ¿ 350 au inner regions of the SS-outflow suggest that we are witnessing the active acceleration of the companion-perturbed wind from QX Pup as it flows through low-density polar regions., This work is part of the I+D+i projects PID2019-105203GB-C22, PID2019-105203GB-C21, and PID2020-117034RJ-I00 funded by the Spanish MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. This research has made use of the JPL Molecular Spectroscopy catalog, The Cologne Database for Molecular Spectroscopy, the SIMBAD database operated at CDS (Strasbourg, France), the NASA’s Astrophysics Data System and Aladin.

Fe–Cu–ZSM-5 and Ce–Fe–Cu–ZSM-5 solids prepared using solid-state ion exchange method (SSIE) were tested in the NH–SCR of NO reaction and were characterized using N physisorption at 77 K, MAS Al magnetic resonance, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, EPR spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy coupled to energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy in order to follow the effect of Ce addition on the textural and structural properties of Fe–Cu–MFI system as well as the detection of the changes in local environment and state of iron and copper species, and the degradation of the zeolite texture and structure after a severe aging treatment at 850 °C for 5 h. Fresh Ce-promoted sample showed better NO conversion up to 450 °C than unpromoted Fe–Cu–ZSM-5 catalyst. An activity loss was observed on aged catalysts, but remaining less pronounced for the catalyst containing Ce. The changes in catalyst structure and texture did not occur during aging, while a probable migration of metal active species and change in their coordination has occurred., Financial support by the MINECO of Spain through the Severo Ochoa (SEV-2016-0683) and RTI2018-101784-B-I00 projects is gratefully acknowledged

El uso de una poblacion binucleada sincronia inducida por cafeina 0.1% en el meristemo de la raiz deAllium cepa L., nos ha permitido demostrar que una solucion de kinetina 0.5 ppm mas acido indol acetico 0.001 ppm acorta tanto la interfase como la mitosis, y valorar este acortamiento por medida directa.