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Proper burden distribution is an important way to improve conditions of a blast furnace, which indicate the stability and energy consumption. However, it is difficult for operators to recognize the stability and energy consumption at the same time and adjust them through burden distribution, due to complex iron-making mechanism. Therefore, this article presents a two-stage decision-making method for the burden distribution parameters based on recognizing the conditions. First, the stability and energy consumption are recognized, respectively, according to the classification of stability of slag crust (SSC) and the gas utilization rate (GUR). And then, two prediction models are presented for the SSC and GUR to predict the conditions. Finally, the burden distribution parameters are determined in two stages, where edge parameters of the burden distribution are determined at first according to the SSC, and then, center parameters are determined according to the GUR. Experimental results based on industrial data show that the proposed method provides an effective decision-making way for improving the conditions.