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This article examines the connection between translation and politics, concentrating on a specific period in Brazilian history, the dictatorship of Getúlio Vargas, from 1930 to 1945, and then from 1950 to 1954. It initially looks at the link between fiscal policy and translation. It then analyzes the translations, or rather, adaptations, of Peter Pan and Don Quixote, by the Brazilian writer and publisher, Monteiro Lobato. The final section of the paper will describe the situation surrounding the translation of Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar by the Brazilian politician, Carlos Lacerda, governor of the state of Guanabara (greater Rio de Janeiro) (1960-1965)., Cet article examine le lien entre la traduction et la politique, en se concentrant sur une époque spécifique de l’histoire brésilienne, soit la dictature de Getúlio Vargas, de 1930 à 1945, et de 1950 à 1954. Premièrement, l’étude examine les liens entre la politique fiscale et la traduction. Ensuite, elle analyse les traductions, ou plutôt les adaptations de Peter Pan et Don Quijote, par l’écrivain et l’éditeur, Monteiro Lobato. La dernière section décrit la situation autour de la traduction de Julius Caesar de Shakespeare par l’homme politique brésilien, Carlos Lacerda, gouverneur de l’état de Guanabara (grande Rio de Janeiro) (1960-1965).

Há dois momentos de ruptura essenciais à compreensão do processo político e cultural brasileiro, e a atuação repressora do Estado foi-se intensificando à medida que determinados setores da sociedade lutavam contra as arbitrariedades do regime. Este artigo objetiva apresentar um painel da situação política e social brasileira, compreendendo os principais fatos que antecederam o golpe em 1964 até o ano imediatamente posterior à decretação do Ato Institucional nº 5 (AI-5). Entre 1964 e 1968 o Estado reprime, sobretudo, a atuação política de sindicatos e partidos políticos, entre outros agentes, enquanto a atuação política manifesta por meio da produção cultural floresce consideravelmente no mesmo período. There are two essential moments of rupture to understanding the Brazilian cultural andpolitical process, so that the repressive actions of the State were intensified while othersectors of society started fighting against the regime of injustice. This paper aims to present apanel of the political and social situation in Brazil, covering the main events that preceded the1964 Brazilian coup d'état until the year immediately after the announcement of theInstitutional Act Number Five (AI-5). Between 1964 and 1968 the State especially repressesthe political activity of unions and political parties, among other agents, while political actionexpressed through cultural production strongly flourishes.