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Indonesia is a developing country that has always prioritized sustainable development. In achieving these development goals, Indonesia needs to achieve economic growth by improving population welfare and increasing income. With the form of panel data from 34 provinces in Indonesia that have unique characteristics, the author presented them during 2015-2019. Through multiple linear regression, this study seeks to discuss the relationship of unemployment, labor force participation rate, and poor people to Indonesia’s GDP growth. These findings suggest that the three macroeconomic variables have a negative impact on GDP. Regarding GDP growth, only unemployment has an actual effect, while others have no significant effect. The implications of the policies pursued by the government are not only paying attention to economic aspects but social problems that are expected to spur economic development.

We test a key assumption underlying seminal theories about preferences for redistribution, which is that relatively poor people should be the most in favor of redistribution. We conduct a randomized survey experiment with over 30,000 participants across 10 countries, half of whom are informed of their position in the national income distribution. Contrary to prevailing wisdom, people who are told they are relatively poorer than they thought are less concerned about inequality and are not more supportive of redistribution. This finding is consistent with people using their own living standard as a “benchmark” for what they consider acceptable for others. (JEL D12, D31, H23, I31, I32)

This study aims to analyze the effect of the human development index (HDI), regency/city minimum wage (UMK), investment and unemployment rate on the number of poor people in Bali Province in 2012-2021. The analysis tool used is panel data regression. Panel data is a combination of time series and cross sections. Research data in the form of secondary data includes the human development index(HDI), regency/city minimum wage(UMK), investment, unemployment rate and the number of poor people obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The results showed that the best model chosen was the fixed effect model (FEM). Based on the analysis of the FEM model, it shows that the human development index, the regency/city minimum wage affects the number of poor people in Bali province in 2012-2021. Meanwhile, investment variables and unemployment rate do not affect the number of poor people in Bali province. The coefficient of determination 0,9429 means that 94,29% of the variable variation in the number of poor people in Bali province can be explained by the variables of human development index (HDI), regency/city minimum wage (UMK), investment and unemployment rate. The remaining 5,71% is explained by other free variables that are not included in the model.

From Kasmir to Kanyakumari, as India is having many poor people with no daily income, based on humanity, we are making an advanced technical attempt to help them with a possible daily income by manual production of green current, green hydrogen and green oxygen. To have sufficient fuel, to have an efficient fuel and to reduce pollution levels, world transportation system badly needs eco-friendly hydrogen and the whole earthy environment is in a serious quest for oxygen. To resolve the above basic issues, it is planned to produce hydrogen and oxygen by means of alkaline electrolysis with external magnetic field (IIT, Mumbai, India) for a better productivity, accomplished by electricity produced from medium capacity alternators operated by human physical energy. To fulfill this requirement, it is planned to take the help of illiterates, healthy beggars, Rikshawala like poor people and farmers having no crop field or no crop yield. With efficient pedaling and gearing mechanisms associated with heavy fly wheels, 10 of 20 persons forming as a group can be allowed to run any alternator round the clock in 8-hour shift system for 4 alternative hours without any physical strain. By considering our proposal, 1) Hydrogen fuel required for running Fuel cells and Internal combustion engines can be generated in large quantity with a de-central system having unlimited number of medium capacity alternators spread across entire India. 2) Generated oxygen can be released to atmosphere and air pollution levels can be diluted to a greater extent across India. 3) Recycled waste water or sewage water can also be used. 4) Multiple number of small scale units can be set up with 5 to 10 alternators and production of hydrogen by electrolysis can be increased from 5% to (30 to 40) % of total production of hydrogen. 5) To some extent, as long as Hydrogen is considered as a fuel, employment problem, hydrogen scarcity and air pollution issues can be resolved. With further study, research and direct involvement of state and central governments, industrialists, scientists and engineers, this proposal can be implemented a full-fledged manner from Kashmir to Kanykumari. Our proposal can be considered as one of the best coordinating schemes for-fulfilling Indian transportation fuel needs, Indian poor people struggling for getting daily wages and saving mother earth from CO2, SO2 and NOx like harmful gases. This project can be implemented in any country having poor people.

For research using qualitative interviews as the main method, it is not easy to convince respondents, particularly poor people, to participate and reveal what they are thinking and expecting. This research note reflects on the challenges encountered while undertaking ethnographic fieldwork with poor people working in tourism in Hanoi, Vietnam. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 58 rickshaw drivers (30 formal and 28 informal workers). While many respondents were honest in their statement of formality or informality, some others were found to lie about their informality. This research is important in that it is arguably the first to address issues of truths and lies in (pro-poor) tourism studies, thereby sharing deeper insights into the difficulties associated with interviewing poor people whose voices are often not heard in the field.

The Miranda rule which is a legal rule in which there is a regulation that regulates the rights of the suspect as a citizen and the protection of the constitutional law of a citizen that arises and arises from the Negligence of investigators when conducting an investigation of an Arizona citizen became a turning point in the system. law that regulates the rights and welfare of suspects of criminal acts. Then the rule was ratified into the laws and regulations of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, which focused on providing legal assistance for suspects or defendants of criminal acts. The Miranda rule itself has a lot of impact on its derivative rules in treating someone as a subject within the scope of the law. This of course aims to achieve justice and the benefit of law for all.

Non-take-up, i.e. individuals not applying for a benefit they are eligible for, is a widespread problem limiting the reach of welfare and protection systems. This paper seeks to understand it by means of a theoretical framework comprising two levels of analysis: the claimants’ individual characteristics in relation to the information barriers they face, and the administrative logic and functioning regarding the communications strategy used by public institutions. To test the hypotheses of these two levels of analysis, the paper analyses the B-MINCOME pilot scheme, a cash transfer programme implemented in the city of Barcelona between 2017 and 2019. Findings indicate that, although claimants’ characteristics may play a significant role, the administrative functioning and the communications strategy are fundamental in determining take-up rates. The conclusions briefly address some of the technical and moral concerns raised by non-take-up.

In modern society, people’s social economic status (SES) can be determined whether individuals are wealthy or poor. Many research indicated that people tend to believe rich people exerted positive impact to the society, in contrast poor people are negative. According to certain research, individual’s mentality can be tested by implicit and explicit social attitudes. (8. Greenwald & Banaji, 1995; Greenwald, Nosek, & Banaji, 2003). Specifically refer to individual’s social background, races and ages etc. People especially adults reflected positive evaluation on rich over poor implicitly. But explicitly the result is opposite, individual’s SES can be decisive as well. Nevertheless, implicit and explicit social attitudes can juggle to determine different races as well. (Pro-white and Anti-black). Nowadays people tend to judge things based on their objective thoughts and circumstances they are under. Therefore, I believe the social tendency for future study might possibly changed by the development of the world. I am also really intriguing of future research on people’s attitudes on everything that are associated to them

The purpose of this study is to explain the bureaucratic culture of state civil servants in the implementation of a national health insurance policy for the poor people in Indonesia. This study used qualitative research methods. Meanwhile, data collection used in-depth interviews, observation, and document study. Data analysis consists of data reduction, data display, conclusions drawing, and verification. The results of this study indicate that the performance of the state civil servants in implementing health insurance still has bureaucratic culture: pragmatic concerning the interests of the Government, bureaucratic in the mechanism for submitting the participation of contribution assistance recipients (beneficiaries), rigidity in the interaction of work tasks, non-participation in the data collection process for the contribution assistance recipients and short-term orientation in achieving membership targets. Therefore, the government must change the mindset of the behavior of the bureaucracy by transforming bureaucratic culture through learning in change management.

The main aim of this study is to analyze the impact of dehumanization on the perception of the hardships of poor people. In addition, its relationship with collective actions and attitudes to reduce poverty as well as the attitude towards the minimum vital income in Spanish society will be analyzed.

The aims of this research are to reveal the struggle of poor people against the capitalism in Australia which appear in the novel and to explain and reveal the consequences of being a rebel. This research used a qualitative descriptive method. The researcher used close reading to get the result of this research. The results of the research showed that there are many poor people that still struggling with poverty and discrimination and we cannot act arbitrarily because we have more privilege than some people. In this novel also show how Kelly’s family struggle to live in peace. It also shows some consequences of being a rebel, like being in jailed, violence, and many more.

Annotation. The article examines the peculiarities of female-male relations in the novel "Poor People" by F.M. Dostoevsky. The logic of the relationship between male and female characters, the specifics of the images of love "polygons" are analyzed, the peculiarities of female and male psychology in the interpretation of Dostoevsky are revealed. The artistic perspective of Dostoevsky's genderological discoveries made in "Poor People" for subsequent novel creativity is evaluated. Аннотация. В статье рассматриваются особенности женско-мужских отношений романа «Бедные люди» Ф.М. Достоевского. Анализируется логика взаимоотношений мужских и женских персонажей, специфика изображений любовных «многоугольников», выявляются особенности женской и мужской психологии в интерпретации Достоевского. Оценивается художественная перспектива гендерологических открытий Достоевского, сделанных в «Бедные люди», для последующего романного творчества. Keywords: genderology, female and male psychology, idiosyncrasy, masculinity, femininity, genderological direction in literary studies and gender issues. Ключевые слова: гендерология, женская и мужская психология, идиостиль, маскулинность, фемининность, гендерологическое направление в литературоведении и гендерная проблематика.

We hypothesize that compassionate goals towards poor people will predict more support for redistributive policies, and that this relationship will not be accounted for by selfishness, system justifying beliefs, social dominance orientation, prejudice, discrimination, and stereotypes against poor people, negative emotions towards poor people, socio-economic status, political ideology, gender, and social desirability. We also hypothesize that the desire to help oneself, close others, and distant others who may be struggling financially mediates the relationship between compassionate goals towards poor people and support for redistributive policies. To test this, we will use Hayes (2018) Process macro model #4 with 10,000 bootstrapped samples. Our independent variable will be compassionate goals towards poor people, our three simultaneous mediators will be desire to help oneself, to help close others, and to help distant others who may be struggling financially. Our outcome measure will be support for redistributive policies.

COVID-19 seems to have two-dimensional consequences in Bangladesh: it has a direct negative influence on health system, and healthcare access becomes very expensive; and the poor people are facing critical situation due to lockdown and joblessness, resulting in more health and human hazards. This chapter documents the pandemic-related major health and human hazards in Bangladesh by content analysis, using a socioecological lens, of available literature. The overall results showed a significant health burden and a large-scale economic conditional change among the Bangladeshi poor households. A low level of health access and health inequality intensified this health hazard to the poor people. Human hazards are mainly relating to poor economic conditions including loss of jobs, lack of access to income/savings, food insecurity, and lack of welfare support. This observation may benefit the policymakers, development partners, human rights workers, and non-government organizations of the country to make a collaborative effort for the people during and after the pandemic.

The movement of food is intimately linked to humans; foodways would not be the phenomena that they are if this were not so. In the first instance there is the transfer of food from one geographic location to another, which is almost always directly correlated to human migration. Particular to the physical movement of food, this paper highlights the journey of saltfish across the Atlantic to the West Indies, specific to its introduction to the African enslaved population during colonial rule. Following the bodily movement of an item of food, there is its ideological journey through varying communal, cultural and socio-economic spaces and groups. In this regard, focus is given to colonial ideologies and the ways in which these affected the post-colonial attitudes toward, and consumption patterns of saltfish. Further to this, and in the aim of appreciating how changes in attitudes, ideologies and socio-economics have served to propel saltfish upward through the class groups, wherein saltfish has been re-branded to the point that it has become veritably inaccessible to that group to which it was first aligned.

Purpose: This study was carried out to address the issue of food security and the factors affecting it in the semi-urban area of district Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. More specifically the study reviewed the food security situation among urban poor households using their food expenditures patterns and further investigated its various dynamics. Methodology: Data were collected with the help of interviewing techniques from randomly sampled 100 households in the Peshawar suburb. Household food security was assessed using the food security index adopted from Omonona (2007). Using the Omonona index, the threshold which differentiated the food secure from the food-insecure households in the study area was Rs. 1500 per month (i.e., 2/3 of mean food expenditure). Findings: The result legitimized using the Omonona food security index as a smart indicator in determining food security status at the household level. Implications: To help the urban poor in improving the situation of food security efforts are needed to enhance awareness of food security by promoting education regarding livelihood strategies, self-sustainability programs, and the importance of a proper diet.

Aravind Adiga's The White Tiger is the narrative of a man named Balram Halwai, his fall from moral values, and his upward social movement through crime and corruption. The writer actually paints a contemptuous and demeaning picture of Indian society. He actually through this literary work addresses the malaise of social inequality in India. He brings across the social aspirations of ambitious but impoverished youth and his struggle to move into the upper echelons of society without scruples. His training ground apparently is his being a confidant of his younger master Ashok in the corridors of power of the capital where he is used for paying bribes and coordinating. Adiga projects Indian society as a warped system and one of the main issues is the functioning of a defunct society where political patronage and monetary gain are deeply connected and define the playing ground of the corrupt affluent. The glaring issue is the way Balram ‘The White Tiger’ (an exception of his social class) is able to get away with murder and theft and is able to successfully start an enterprise pointing to the strange phenomenon of a dysfunctional civilization. The present assessment of this paper appropriately incorporates the social issues inside the novel.

There is no doubt that the sudden outbreak of COVID-19 negatively impacted billions of people worldwide, and among them, people with disabilities became most susceptible. However, little is known about the impact of COVID-19 on the lives of people with disabilities in Nepal. Using empirical data from semi-structured in-depth interviews with people with disabilities, disability specialist, and community leaders, this study discusses the lived experiences of people with disabilities who have been affected by COVID-19 in Nepal. This study revealed that the outbreak of COVID-19 impacted people with disabilities by worsening their vulnerability. In particular, the majority of people with disabilities became further isolated, were disconnected from existing services such as access to information, education, and health care and many lost their income opportunities. Findings from this study further show that this pandemic affected the rights of people with disabilities guided by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD). Immediate financial and non-financial support for people with disabilities from government and other stakeholders, such as non-governmental organizations (NGOs), is needed, indicating the need for policymakers to reassess policies to ensure that they adequately protect the rights of people with disabilities.

Poverty alleviation is a big project, which is related to the lives of countless people. Especially in remote ethnic minority areas, many fellow ethnic minorities live in poverty due to numerous reasons, and they must be rescued from poverty in order to achieve the grand goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all aspects and the revival of the Chinese nation. The purpose of this paper is to explore how local governments can accurately identify the poor in the process of precise poverty alleviation, and put forward suggestions for precise identification of the poor so that the policy of precise poverty alleviation can be implemented and carried out.

Various policy packages from the local government are currently being activated to reduce the spike in poverty rates in the Province of East Nusa Tenggara. This is because this province is still classified as the poorest province in Indonesia. Realizing this, the aim of this research is to find out the dominant factors that influence the high number of poor people in NTT Province. In an effort to answer research problems, the analytical tool used is panel data analysis where the number of analysis units or cross section data is all districts/cities in NTT Province as many as 22 districts while for time series data starting from 2018-2021. The results of data analysis show that either partially or simultaneously, each independent variable, namely economic growth, the human development index and also the number of residents has proven to have a significant influence on the number of poor people in NTT Province.

Planting Aceh is one of the provinces that contributes to coffee production in Indonesia. Aceh Province is one of the plantation commodities that has the potential to increase the pace of the regional economy. However, Aceh is one of the provinces that are classified as poor in Indonesia, in 2018 the number of poor people was 809.76 thousand. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of coffee farmers and non-coffee farmers who are different and analyze the impact of coffee farmers' production in reducing poverty and how the impact of coffee production on reducing poverty in Aceh Province. The type of data used is secondary data from SUSENAS BPS in 2018 and 2019. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis and probit regression. The results of the study are that in 2019 the characteristics that were significantly different between coffee farmers and non-coffee farmers Then the impact of the coffee farmer profession in reducing poverty levels in Aceh Province was seen that the results obtained by non-coffee farmers had more differences in total assets and expenses compared to coffee farmer.

The COVID-19 pandemic that hit the world community and even Indonesia caused various kinds of problems. This is related to how the community can adapt to the disaster, so that they are able to survive and get through it. All means are certainly done, including changing the habits they have been doing to adapt in normal times. Changes in habitual patterns in adapting are very interesting to study, especially for poor people who are beneficiaries of the hopeful family program who are certainly the most affected by this Covid-19 pandemic disaster. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a study on how to change the adaptation pattern of the poor beneficiaries of the Family Hope Program (PKH). Of course this study uses a qualitative method with case studies. In addition, this study also uses quantitative techniques in collecting data, both in the form of primary and secondary data. This research was conducted in Bagelen Village, Gedong Tataan District, Pesawaran Regency. The results of this study, namely a change in the pattern of adaptation of the PKH beneficiary community during the Covid-19 pandemic. These changes are related to the patterns of survival carried out by PKH beneficiary communities during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Perkembangan pariwisata di pulau Bali yang merupakan penyumbang devisa terbesar bagi Indonesia belum mampu memberikan manfaat ekonomi secara signifikan bagi masyarakat Bali. Hal ini terlihat dari meningkatnya jumlah penduduk miskin di Bali meliputi wilayah perkotaan dan perdesaan dari tahun 2012 hingga 2020, sebelum sektor pariwisata mengalami penurunan secara signifikan yang disebabkan oleh pandemi Virus CORONA. Berdasarkan kondisi tersebut maka perlu dilakukan pengembangan pariwisata yang lebih memprioritaskan pada peningkatan ekonomi masyarakat lokal Bali dengan melibatkan masyarakat lokal secara langsung pada pengembangan pariwisata. Salah satunya dengan mengembangkan pasar tradisional sebagai daya tarik wisata. Adapun yang melatarbelakangi upaya ini adalah karena pasar tradisional merupakan tempat transaksi jual beli dari seluruh lapisan masyarakat di Bali. Selain itu, pengembangan pasar tradisional menjadi tempat wisata diharapkan mampu bersaing dengan semakin banyaknya pasar modern yang tumbuh di Bali. Lokasi penelitian yang dipilih adalah Pasar Kumbasari yang berlokasi di kota Denpasar. Pemilihan lokasi ini dilatarbelakangi karena Kumbasari merupakan salah satu pasar terbesar diBali dan saat ini dalam proses renovasi. Pasar ini pada masa sebelum pandemi Covid-19 beroperasi selama 24 jam dan menjadi tempat mencari nafkah bagi ratusan masyarakat Bali. Strategi pengembangan ini menggunakan analisis SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats). Faktor-faktor internal dan eksternal yang dimiliki oleh pasar tradisional khususnya pasar Kumbasari sebelum dilakukan renovasi dianalisa sehingga ditemukan berbagai kondisi baik itu berupa kekurangan/ kelemahan, ancaman, peluang dan kekuatan yang dapat dijadikan bahan pertimbangan dalam upaya peningkatan kualitas pasar pada saat dan setelah dilakukan upaya renovasi. Hingga akhirnya renovasi pasar Kumbasari dapat dilakukan sesuai dengan kebutuhan serta dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu tempat yang layak untuk dikunjungi wisawatan baik lokal maupun mancanegara, sehingga dapat memberikan manfaat secara maksimal bagi peningkatan ekonomi masyarakat Bali.

Provinsi Yogyakarta mendapat peringkat 8 provinsi paling bahagia di Indonesia yaitu sebesar 72,93. Walaupun Yogyakarta memiliki peringkat Indeks Kebahagiaan cukup tinggi, namun Provinsi Yogyakarta memiliki beberapa permasalahan dari segi ekonomi. Pertama, persentase penduduk miskin di Yogyakarta pada bulan Maret 2017 sebesar 13,02 persen dan pada bulan September 2017 sebesar 12,36 persen, persentase ini di atas rata-rata persentase penduduk miskin tingkat nasional. Kedua, gini ratio Yogyakarta sebesar 0,432, ini menyebabkan gini ratio Yogyakarta tertinggi di seluruh provinsi Indonesia, dan permasalahan ketiga, pada tahun 2017 Upah Minimum Provinsi (UMP) Yogyakarta adalah UMP terkecil di seluruh Indonesia, yaitu sebesar Rp. 1.337.645. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran umum dan variabel-variabel yang mempengaruhi tingkat kebahagiaan penduduk Yogyakarta tahun 2017. Metode yang digunakan Regresi Logistik Ordinal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat kebahagiaan masyarakat Yogyakarta di pengaruhi oleh variabel usia, pendapatan, kepemilikan tabungan, dan tidak mengalami gangguan kesehatan.

Prospek ekonomi Indonesia melemah secara signifikan dengan adanya pandemi COVID-19. Struktur perekonomian Indonesia secara spasial pada tahun 2020 didominasi oleh kelompok provinsi di Pulau Jawa yang memberikan kontribusi terhadap PDB sebesar 58,75 persen. Pandemi COVID-19 memiliki dampak sosial ekonomi terbesar di wilayah yang padat penduduk dikarenakan pembatasan sosial, termasuk Pulau Jawa sebagai pusat perekonomian Indonesia. Hal ini dapat mengindikasikan apabila perekonomian Pulau Jawa terkontraksi, maka perekonomian Indonesia ikut terkontraksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kondisi sosial ekonomi di Pulau Jawa sebelum dan setelah memasuki pandemi COVID-19 dan mengelompokkan kabupaten/kota di Pulau Jawa berdasarkan kondisi sosial ekonomi melalui variabel Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka, jumlah angkatan kerja, jumlah sektor unggulan, pengeluaran per kapita, dan persentase penduduk miskin, serta membandingkannya ketika sebelum dan setelah memasuki pandemi COVID-19 dengan menggunakan metode Cluster Ensemble. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa secara rata-rata terjadi penurunan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan jumlah sektor unggulan, serta peningkatan TPT, jumlah angkatan kerja, penduduk miskin, dan pengeluaran per kapita di Pulau Jawa setelah memasuki pandemi COVID-19. Dari 3 klaster yang terbentuk pada tahun 2019 dan 5 klaster pada tahun 2020, didapat bahwa secara umum pengelompokan tiap klaster tidak jauh berbeda, namun terdapat beberapa perbedaan karakteristik dan anggota klaster.

Peran Pemerintah Daerah dalam meningkatkan perekonomian rakyat masih sangat penting dan merupakan tanggung jawab pemerintah dalam mensejahterakan masyarakat. Bantuan Keuangan Pemerintah Provinsi kepada Desa/Kelurahan (BKP2DK) di Provinsi Jambi, merupakan salah satu sumber dana yang memberi kontribusi bagi pelaksanaan pembangunan di desa dengan tujuan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat dan mengurangi jumlah pendunduk miskin di Desa/Kelurahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana implementasi Bantuan Keuangan Pemerintah Provinsi Jambi kepada Desa/Kelurahaan di Provinsi Jambi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposife sampling terhadap perangkat desa dan masyarakat didesa se Provinsi Jambi. Sedangkan metode analisis digunakan analisis deskriptif dengan menggambarkan kondisi variable yang diteliti, serta analisis statistik menggunakan uji beda. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa implementasi bantuan keuangan provinsi bidang infrastruktur lebih banyak digunakan untuk pembangunan BUMDES, sementara bidang penguatan kelembagaan lebih banyak dialokasikan untuk petugas syara/guru ngaji. Dalam penelitian ini juga ditemukan bahwa masih kurangnya peran pembinaan dan pengawasan yang dilakukan oleh Tim Evaluasi Provinsi dan Kabupaten/Kota sehingga terdapat beberapa penggunaan bantuan keuangan yang belum sesuai dengan petunjuk yang sudah ditetapkan. Namun Bantuan Keuangan Pemerintah Provinsi Jambi kepada Desa/Kelurahan mampu meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat desa dilihat dari berkurangnya jumlah penduduk miskin dan jumlah keluarga miskin, serta bertambahnya jumlah Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDES) dan Usaha Menengah, Kecil dan Mikro (UMKM) di desa yang menjadi sampel penelitian.

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Durian is one type of fruit with a pungent aroma but delicious taste. Unfortunately, the high consumption of durian is in line with the increase in durian seed waste that is just wasted. Though durian seeds contain high nutrients. This article reports on durian seed processing activities in Suka Ramai Village, Baiturrahman District, Banda Aceh City. Suka Ramai Village with the previous number of poor people was 143 residents, then due to the Covid-19 pandemic it increased to 327 residents. Therefore, this activity is aimed at boosting the community's economy. The activity is carried out in 3 days. The training provided was about processing durian seeds into delicious, nutritious, and rich food for 3 days with a different menu every day. This PKM is carried out in 2 stages, namely, the first stage is processing durian seeds into flour and useful products. The second stage is packaging and marketing of Durian Seed products that have been processed into useful food. The conclusion of this product-based community service activity has succeeded in transferring knowledge and skills to women in Sukaramai Village, Baiturrahman District, Banda Aceh City.

This paper analyses the culture of Ganju community and highlights social exclusion and oppression by the high-class people of the same village in the work of the social activist Mahasweta Devis, Rudali,. In this novella, Mahasweta Devi brings out how the marginalised community and economically down-trodden people are oppressed by the higher-class people in the same village. Through the female protagonist, she portrays the sufferings inflicted by the society on the down-trodden women who are abandoned by their families. She depicts the practise of a particular community which becomes her identity in society which subjugates her. Not only that, it also discusses about the subjugation ofmen by the zamindars in the village for their needs, which was also one of the reasons for the tragic life of women belonging to their family. The novella also focuses on the beliefs, practices and the culture of the Community and the social and economic aspects as well. &nbsp

Uninhabitable Housing Assistance (RTLH) is a government program which distribute to village office, it has purpose to improve the life quality of community. Poor people can life convenient with Uninhibitable Houses Assistence. Determination of social assistence construction of Uninhabitable Houses is going to do by relying on the intitution. The purpose of this research is creating a decision support system that can help to determine the appropriate poor people are receiving social assistence of Uninhabitable House (RTLH) using simple additive weighting (SAW) method. It is used the creteria such as, the monthly income, the occupation, the total of burden, the condition of house wall, the condition of house floor, the condition of house roof, and the condition of bathroom. The result of this research is the beneficial system for receiver of Uninhabitable Houses.

Global food wastage is increasing 1.6 billion tons per year with values about $400 billion, aggravating the food crisis of the 0.8 billion chronic hungry and poor people in the world. In particular, the eutrophic fruits and vegetables contribute a large proportion of food losses due to their susceptible deterioration suffered by dehydration, microbial activation, and senescence. Therefore, developing a multifunctional preservation material to resist these alterations is vital but challengeable. In this study, the nature biocompatible water-locking factor, ceramide was encapsulated into the pre-synthesis of mesoporous HKUST-1 to provide a composite preservative material (Cer@MHKUST-1) with multi-functions of ethylene adsorption, water-locking prolongation and bacteriostatic. Results indicated that: 1) Cer@MHKUST-1 has a higher ethylene adsorption performance of 68.75 cm3/g STP, 2) hydrogen bonds were formed between ceramide and water to prevent water penetrating into ceramide bilayer, 3) Cer@MHKUST-1 showed a better antibacterial performance toward E. coli and S. aureus, with the lethality of 100% and 99.96%, respectively. As a validation experiment, the non-climacteric fruit (e.g., strawberry) and climacteric fruit (e.g., tomato) have confirmed the effectiveness of Cer@MHKUST-1 in preserving fruit freshness. Accordingly, Cer@MHKUST-1 is a promising material to improve the shelf life of perishable products and avoid food wastage.

Yajna is a sacrifice made by every human being with a sincere sense. Yajna has an important influence in living everyday life. In practice, yajna is not only measured by material things, but yajna can also be offered in a non-material or spiritual form. The concept of yajna can not only be seen and learned from the implementation of the ceremony, but the concept of yajna also contained in many Hindu sacred literature such as Varaha Purana. Varaha Purana is a sacred text that tells about the greatness of Lord Vishnu. In this text Lord Vishnu is incarnated in the form of a wild boar. Varaha purana has a connection with Varaha Yajna's conception, which yajna here has dynamic power in the creation of the cosmos. While varaha is the power that lifts the earth from destruction and destruction. The concept of yajna is widely discussed in this Purana. Various types of yajna are explained in this purana such as worshiping Lord Vishnu, giving love to parents, sharing alms with poor people, carrying out ceremonies to ancestors, and doing Dana Punia (good and holy gift). Yajna itself has a very big impact and influence on social life in society, religius life on each individual or group and also the impact of harmony. The method used in this research is descriptive method that will systematically describe the concept of yajna in Varaha Purana.

The purpose of this study to analyze the effect of exports, government expenditure, and inflation on poverty in Indonesia in 2000-2019, and the independent variables which are the most dominant against poverty in Indonesia. The data used are secondary data taken from Bank Indonesia and Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). This study uses a regression method with the OLS (Ordinary Least Square) model. or the ordinary least squares model. The results of this study note that oil and gas and non-oil exports have a negative and significant effect on poverty, government expenditure has a significant and negative effect on poverty, and inflation has a positive but not significant effect. To reduce poverty in Indonesia, it is necessary to export commodities that have a large added value, government expenditure which leads to a reduction in the number of poor people, and to control prices of goods and services that are stable / accessible to the poor.

This study aims to examine and explain the effect of GRDP, Regional Minimum Wage, Open Unemployment Rate and Average length of schooling on the number of poor people in East Java Province. The analytical method used in this study is the panel data regression method using samples in 17 districts from 2017 to 2021. The results show that the Gross Regional Domestic Product and District Minimum Wage have a negative and significant effect on the Poverty Rate in East Java Province, while the Unemployment Rate Being open and the average length of schooling have a positive and significant impact on the number of poor people.

Multinomial Logistics Regression (MLR) is a regression model developed from the Binary Logistics Regression (BLR) model. The response variable of the RLM model has three or more categories and has a multinomial distribution, with the data scale being nominal. The response variable in this study is a combination of the Public Health Development Index (PHDI) status and the Human Development Index (HDI) status of districts/cities in Kalimantan Island, 2018, divided into four categories with category one as a comparison. The predictor variables used were the number of the public health center, the percentage of poor people, economic growth, the pure junior high school participation rate, and the percentage of the population with a minimum of junior high school education. The MLR parameter model was estimated using the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method and Newton-Raphson iteration. The hypothesis testing of the MLR model was used by the Likelihood Ratio Test (LRT) method and the Wald test. The best model selection in this study uses the backward method, and the interpretation of the best MLR model uses the odds ratio value. The results showed that the best MLR model is a model that has three predictor variables. The factors that significantly influenced the combination of PHDI status and the HDI status of districts/cities in Kalimantan Island in 2018 were the percentage of poor people, economic growth, and the percentage of people with the minimum level of education in junior high school.

The purpose of this study was to see whether there was a difference in the number of rural poor people from several policy formulas used in the mechanism for granting the Village Fund which had been running for 6 years. The statistical method used is the Independent Sample T-Test. The sample used is 33 provinces in Indonesia that receive Village Funds sourced from the National Budget and Revenue. The result is that between the first and second formulas there is no difference in the number of rural poor people, as well as between the changes in the second and third formulas. New differences emerged between the third and fourth formulas, but these differences did not show better results, this was also exacerbated by the Covid-19 pandemic that hit the world, including Indonesia.

Poverty is a special problem that needs to be discussed in Indonesia. Because poverty that occurs in a certain area will have an impact on development in Indonesia. Banten province has a percentage of 6.04 percent with a total poverty of 576.62 thousand poor people. Given this, the Provincial Government of Banten requires knowledge of district/city socio-economic data in Banten Province. This study aims to cluster regencies/cities in Banten Province using the K-Means method. The K-Means method is a clustering technique that aims to group data based on the same characteristics. The variables observed in this study were the percentage of poor people aged 15 and over who had graduated from elementary/junior high school, the percentage of poor people aged 15 and over who had finished high school and above, the percentage of poor people aged 15 and over by district/city not working, the percentage of poor people aged 15 Years and over by district/city working in the informal sector, percentage of poor population aged 15 and over by district/city working in the formal sector, percentage of expenditure per capita for food by district/city and poor status. the results of the analysis showed that the district/city poverty clustering in Banten Province using the K-means method obtained 2 clusters, namely cluster 1 consisting of Tangerang City, Cilegon City and South Tangerang City and cluster 2 consisting of Pandeglang Regency, Lebak Regency, Tangerang, Serang Regency, Serang City. And formation 2 cluster has a good structural test value based on the results of the silhouette index so that 2 cluster has the best accuracy value compared to 3 clusters and 4 cluster.

Based on the results of the National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas) conducted by BPS, the number of poor people in September 2020 was 27.55 million people, an increase of 1.13 million people compared to March 2020 and an increase of 2.76 million people compared to September 2019. Rural areas in Indonesia still have more poor people than urban areas. This study was conducted to determine the strategy of using village funds in poverty alleviation in the Taeng Village area of Gowa District, to determine the effectiveness of using village funds for poverty alleviation in the Taeng Village area of Gowa District. This type of research is exploratory research using qualitative descriptive methods, attitudes and perceptions of people individually or in groups. The form of strategies carried out by the Taeng Village government through the village fund program empowers the community and reduces poverty, namely road and bridge infrastructure development, Women's Empowerment Training and Counseling. From the results of research in Taeng Village, Gowa Regency regarding the village fund budget as an effort to alleviate poverty towards SDG's Village, namely overcoming poverty, hunger and economic stability. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the village fund budget has an impact on several informants, namely they feel helped by the village fund budget. It can be seen from the use of village funds spent to meet daily needs and village funds managed for entrepreneurship as additional income.