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The synthesized 3,6,11-triTPA-BPQ yellow dopant exhibits a high horizontal emitting dipole ratio of 92%, leading to a high-performance yellow organic light-emitting diode with an external quantum efficiency of 30.3%.

Co-crystals can improve the physicochemical properties of pharmaceutical active ingredients, and thus have great potential in improving drug performance. Some studies have obtained the powder spectrum of the co-crystal of flurbiprofen (FBP) and salicylamide (2-OHBZA) but have not obtained a single-crystal structure. In this study, co-crystals of FBP-2-OHBZA with a molar ratio of 1:1 were obtained by slow evaporation using ethyl acetate and tetrahydrofuran for verification. Density functional theory was used to optimize the structure of the hydrogen bond and π−π stacking formed by the co-crystal of FBP and 2-OHBZA. The assay results of the co-crystals of FBP-2-OHBZA are in good agreement with the calculated values reported.

Chidamide is the first oral subtype-selective histone deacetylase inhibitor approved in China for the treatment of relapsed and refractory peripheral T cell lymphoma. Due to the existence of isomers, many articles or patents have mistaken its structure. Herein we explored the synthesis of the key intermediate (E)-4-((3-(pyridin-3-yl)acrylamido)methyl)benzoic acid (A-3) and chidamide, using the condensing agent HBTU, instead of the unstable N,N'-carbonyldiimidazole. The single crystal of chidamide was determined by X-ray diffraction study. The optimized preparation process was easy to operate, and the purity of the final product can be up to 99.76%. Moreover, the structure of chidamide was established to be (E)-N-(2-amino-4-fluorophenyl)-4-((3-(pyridin-3-yl)acrylamido)methyl)benzamide.

BACKGROUND: Research on the genetic mechanisms of hypertension has been a hot topic in the cardiovascular field. OBJECTIVE: To study the correlation between senile hypertension and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitution and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene polymorphism and to provide the theoretical basis for TCM prevention and treatment of hypertension. METHODS: The elderly population in communities in Shanghai (hypertensive: 264 cases; non-hypertensive: 159 cases) was taken as the research object. Essential data and information on TCM constitution were collected. The LPL gene mutation was detected using the second-generation sequencing method. Statistical analysis was performed to clarify the relationship between hypertension and senile hypertension. The correlation of TCM constitution with risk factors and LPL gene polymorphisms was studied. RESULTS: The primary TCM constitutions in the hypertension group were phlegm-dampness constitution (51.52%), yin-deficiency constitution (17.42%), balanced constitution (15.53%), and yin-deficiency (9.43%). Logistic regression analysis showed that the phlegm-dampness constitution (P< 0.05, OR = 2.587) and yin-deficiency constitution (P< 0.01, OR = 2.693) were the risk constitutions of hypertension in the elderly. A total of 37 LPL gene mutation loci (SNP: 22; new discovery: 15) were detected in the LPL gene, and the mutation rates of rs254, rs255, rs3208305, rs316, rs11570891, rs328, rs11570893, and rs13702 were relatively high, which were 26.24%, 26.24%, 16.08%, 14.66%, 13.24%, 12.06%, and 10.64%. In the phlegm-dampness group, the proportion of rs254 CC type, rs255 TT type, and rs13702 TT type in the hypertensive group (77.21%, 77.21%, and 93.38%) was higher than that in the non-hypertensive group (56.41%, 56.41%, and 82.05%), The difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION: The phlegm-dampness constitution and yin-deficiency constitution are the risk factors of hypertension in the elderly; in the phlegm-dampness population, rs254 CC type, rs255 TT type, and rs13702 TT type are the risk factors for elderly hypertension.

Objective. Evidence-based research methods were applied to assess the efficacy of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for the treatment of autism in children. Methods. We searched the Chinese Biomedical Literature, CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases to collect randomised controlled trials on faecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of autism in children. The search included studies published from the creation of the respective database to 5 April 2022. Literature screening, data extraction, and quality evaluation were implemented by three investigators according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The meta-analysis was performed using the RevMan 5.1 software. Results. Nine studies with population-based subjects and four studies with animal-based subjects were included. Five papers were screened for the meta-analysis. The results showed that FMT markedly reduced Autism Behaviour Checklist (ABC) scores in children with autism spectrum disorder (weighted mean difference (WMD) = −14.96; 95% confidence intervals (CI), −21.68 to −8.24; P < 0.001 ; I2 = 0%). FMT also reduced Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) scores (WMD = −6.95; 95% CI, −8.76 to −5.14; P < 0.001 ; I2 = 28.1%). Conclusion. Our results indicate that FMT can benefit children with autism by reducing ABC and CARS scores, but more high-quality studies are needed to verify these results.

Beliefs influence the intentions of people to behave in certain ways towards animals. This study presents survey responses from 237 people working in zoos in China and Europe and describes their demographic characteristics. It explores their beliefs about zoo animal behaviour, welfare and ethical issues, and zoo practices, using a survey methodology. These beliefs may be influenced by individual demographic or cultural factors such as age, gender and region of employment, as well as experiential or situative 'norms' within the work environment. Beliefs were significantly influenced by the region of employment with Chinese respondents beliefs being significantly different to beliefs from respondents in the United Kingdom or the rest of Europe. Hierarchical cluster analysis of the survey generated clusters of people from both regions who indicated positive beliefs about zoo animal welfare as well as clu sters indicating a lack of understanding of some zoo animal welfare issues. In addition, a cluster suggesting cognitive dissonance between beliefs about animals welfare and zoo practices was generated from Chinese responses. Factor analysis identified that prioritisation of in-situ conservation within good animal welfare was a key feature in Chinese respondents, whereas European beliefs prioritising in-situ conservation were distinct from those on supporting good animal welfare. This paper identifies similarities and differences in beliefs about zoo animal welfare and zoo husbandry practices between Europe and China, and discusses the underlying norms and values that these beliefs may reflect.

An in situ XPS measurement is proposed by employing a built-in charge neutralization system to simulate the practical operation of light-emitting diodes for unraveling the degraded electron durability of reduced-dimensional perovskite emitters.

MR-TADF emitters with narrow emission have been developed and are expected to become fourth-generation emitters for HD-OLEDs, with molecular design guidelines and commercial prospects outlined in this review.

DCBTRZ and PPCTRZ based devices achieved narrow deep blue emission with CIEys of 0.059/0.063 and FWHMs of 56/54 nm, respectively.

We report herein two lemniscular carbon nanohoops bis-po-CC and bis-pm-TC with contiguous conjugation from planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane, and elucidate the influence of the regioselective synthesis on their topological chirality.

An asymmetric dearomative tandem annulation between 3-nitroindoles and 7-oxo-5-heptenals was developed by using modularly designed organocatalysts self-assembled from cinchona-squaramide and d-proline.

Three gyroidal metal–organic frameworks (GMOFs) with the nku topology were constructed, discovering the anion coordination effect drives the orientation reversal of helical channels and improves water resistance.

The growing interest to develop modern digital displays and colour printing has driven the advancement of colouration technologies with remarkable speed. In particular, metasurface-based structural colouration shows a remarkable high colour saturation, wide gamut palette, chiaroscuro presentation and polarization tunability. However, previous approaches cannot simultaneously achieve all these features. Here, we design and experimentally demonstrate a surface-relief plasmonic metasurface consisting of shallow nanoapertures that enable the independent manipulation of colour hue, saturation and brightness by individually varying the geometric dimensions and orientation of the nanoapertures. We fabricate microscale artworks using a reusable template-stripping technique that features photorealistic and stereoscopic impressions. In addition, through the meticulous arrangement of differently oriented nanoapertures, kaleidoscopic information states can be decrypted by particular combinations of incident and reflected polarized light.

Wing flexibility is critical to flapping rotary wings (FRWs), and in that the deformation is bilaterally coupled with aerodynamic forces and thus determines the performance. Conventional solutions to this fluid–structure interaction (FSI) topic require considerable computational resources. In this paper, an efficient FSI model is proposed to calculate the aerodynamic force and passive twisting of FRWs. The passive pitching is regulated by a torsional spring, and the twisting is simplified as a quadratic distribution. A well-verified quasi-steady model is employed to estimate the aerodynamic forces. Our results show that the performance of rigid FRWs is superior to twistable FRWs within an upper limit of the wing-root stiffness [Formula: see text], which is around [Formula: see text]. At higher [Formula: see text] values, the twistable FRWs generate comparable lift to rigid FRWs at a higher efficiency. An increase in flapping frequency can remarkably reduce the efficiency of twistable FRWs despite the lift enhancement, while a concomitant reduction of flapping amplitude can moderate the loss of efficiency at higher flapping frequencies. Our model provides an efficient tool for the quick estimation of the aeroelastic performance of twistable FRWs and can thus contribute to the wing stiffness design.

Insect wings and biomimetic wings in flapping-wing micro air vehicles (FWMAVs) are flexible and subject to passive deformations, including spanwise twisting and bending. This raises a typical bilateral fluid–structure interaction (FSI) issue, which is conventionally solved based on combined computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and computational solid dynamics (CSD) methods. To reduce the computational cost of this FSI issue while maintaining a reasonable accuracy, a theoretical model with improved adaptability is proposed here. The improvement results from the consideration of spanwise bending: the distribution of which is formulated by a quadratic polynomial. The aerodynamic force is approximated by a predictive quasi-steady aerodynamic model based on the blade element theory. The FSI iteration at a time step is converged within 0.5 s in our model, whereas a traditional CFD–CSD solution takes about 30 s. Compared to our previous model, the current model can better match the experimental measurements of insect wings. Further analysis reveals that considering spanwise bending affects the stiffness design of flexible flapping wings quantitatively. To maintain a high lift efficiency, the structural stiffness of the wing should be appropriately decreased. Our model provides a refined tool for the wing design in FWMAVs and can promote the development of FWMAVs.

BACKGROUND: Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in neurological dysfunction of the spinal cord below the injury. OBJECTIVE: To explore the immediate and long-term effects of robotic-assisted gait training (RAGT) on the recovery of motor function and walking ability in children with thoracolumbar incomplete SCI. METHODS: Twenty-one children with thoracolumbar incomplete SCI were randomly divided into the experimental (n = 11) and control groups (n = 10). The control group received 60 min of conventional physical therapy, and the experimental group received 30 min of RAGT based on 30 minutes of conventional physical therapy. Changes in walking speed and distance, physiological cost index (PCI), lower extremity motor score (LEMS), SCI walking index and centre-of-pressure (COP) envelope area score were observed in both groups of children before and after eight weeks of training. The primary outcome measures were the 10-metre walk test (10MWT) and six-minute walk distance (6MWD) at preferred and maximal speeds. In addition, several other measures were assessed, such as postural control and balance, lower limb strength and energy expenditure. RESULTS: Compared with control group, the self-selected walk speed (SWS), maximum walking speed (MWS), 6MWD, PCI, LEMS, COP, and Walking Index for Spinal Cord injury II (WISCI II) of experimental group were improved after treatment. The 6MWD, PCI, COP, and WISCI II after eight weeks of treatment were improved in experimental group. All indicators were not identical at three different time points when compared between two groups. Pairwise comparisons in experimental group suggested that the SWS, MWS, 6MWD, PCI, LEMS, COP, and WISCI II after treatment were higher than those before treatment. The 6MWD, LEMS, COP, and WISCI II after treatment were higher than at the one-month follow-up appointment. The SWS, PCI, LEMS, COP, and WISCI II at the eight-week follow-up appointment were improved. CONCLUSION: Robotic-assisted gait training may significantly improve the immediate motor function and walking ability of children with thoracolumbar incomplete SCI.

Replacement of the sluggish anodic reaction in water electrocatalysis by a thermodynamically favorable urea oxidation reaction (UOR) offers the prospect of energy-saving H

The genus Meganola Dyar, 1898 was described from North America with type species, Meganola conspicua Dyar, 1898 by monotype. Poole (1898) assigned to it all taxa of Roeselia Hübner (which is currently a synonym of Nola Leach), except those of Sarbena Walker and Proneca Swinhoe. Meganola is widely distributed in the Old and New Worlds (Hacker et al., 2012; László et al., 2015).

Public health measures promoting compliance of COVID-19 vaccination requires understanding of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP). This study explored the KAP and risk factors influencing COVID-19 vaccination, including changes in preventive practices before and after vaccination in a high-income country, Singapore. An online cross-sectional study among Singaporeans and permanent residents aged 21 years and older was conducted from July to August 2021. Univariate and multivariable logistic regressions using RStudio version 1.4.1106 was performed to assess associations between demographic factors, KAP, and vaccination status. P values P = 0.024), perceived efficacy (aOR = 1.19, P = 0.004), perceived safety (aOR = 1.20, P = 0.005), and willingness to uptake (aOR = 1.55, P

Despite great advance has been made in multi-modality treatments for HCC patients, the effectiveness is far from satisfactory with worse survival outcome, which may be partly explainable by the anti-tumor deficiency of the immune system. It is necessary to clarify the molecular mechanism of HCC immunodeficiency. Here, we demonstrated that carbohydrate sulfotransferase 11 (CHST11) was upregulated in HCC and related to advanced TNM stage. HCC patients with TP53 mutation showed higher CHST11 expression. Survival analysis revealed that CHST11 was an independent prognostic biomarker in HCC. Cellular functional experiments indicated that knockdown of CHST11 in HCC inhibited cell proliferation and metastasis. Gene functional enrichment analyses indicated that CHST11 modulated pathways related to tumor growth, metastasis and immune regulation. Continuative immune-related analyses revealed that CHST11 expression facilitated Tregs infiltration in HCC and promoted the expression of checkpoints PD-L1/PD-1, resulting in the immunosuppression of HCC. Targeting CHST11 may inhibit Tregs infiltration and enhance the antineoplastic effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors, which provides a novel insight into the combination immunotherapy with Treg-modulating agents and PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitors.

BackgroundPrevious studies have shown that leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2), a hepatokine, is associated with obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It is well known that hepatokines play important roles in mediating interactions among bone, adipose tissue, and liver. We sought to examine serum LECT2 levels in subjects with osteoporosis (OP) to confirm its association with OP.MethodsFrom March 2019 to March 2020, a total of 96 adult subjects (52 OP patients and 44 controls) visiting the 2nd Spine Department of the Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine of Ningbo University were recruited. The bone mineral density (BMD) of all subjects were assessed by dual-energy X-ray (DXA). Blood samples were collected for measurements of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), plasma glucose (PG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), creatinine and uric acid. Serum LECT2 levels of total 96 participants were measured by enzyme linked immunesorbent assay (ELISA). The relationships between serum LECT2 levels and biomedical parameters were analyzed using the Spearman correlation coefficient.ResultsSerum LECT2 levels in OP patients were significantly higher than that of healthy controls (29.57 ng/mL VS 19.82 ng/mL, P < 0.01). To confirm the role LECT2 played in OP, we found a significantly negative correlation in all subjects between serum levels of LECT2 and lumbar BMD, as well as femoralneck BMD. A significantly positive correlation in all was observed between serum levels of LECT2 and TC, whereas there was a significantly negative correlation between serum levels of LECT2 and creatinine. Meanwhile, serum LECT2 levels were measured to diagnose OP patient by plotting receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the area under the ROC curve was 0.729(P < 0.01). The optimal cutoff point for LECT2 concentration to diagnose OP patient was 16.44 ng/mL.ConclusionsWe showed that serum LECT2 levels were significantly up-regulated in OP patients, and LECT2 levels were significant positively associated with total cholesterol and negatively associated with creatinine. It could be a potential biomarker for OP diagnosis.