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The technique for investigating isomeric states of nuclei with a large values of energy and total momentum created in the neutron capture reaction has been developed. The technique is based on the spectrometry of multiplicity, energy, and time of registration of instantaneous and delayed gamma cascades of isomer occupancy and decay, respectively. The technique was tested in measurements of the isomeric ratio of the 183W level with energy Eiz = 1.285 MeV with total moment Jπiz = 4-, 5- and lifetime Tiz = 8.2 μs in the neutron absorption reaction, which is equal to αiz = (4.7 ± 0.9)⋅10-3. At large values of the efficiency of registration of acts of settlement and decay of the isomer (0.6 - 0.8), the level of the corresponding background of the spectrometer is only 3.5⋅10-4 s-1. At the countable load at the spectrometer input ∼1.5⋅103 s-1, the expected sensitivity of determining the isomeric ratio in measurements with the mono isotope of the sample is αiz ∼(0.3 ± 1.0)⋅10-4.

Studies related to waste from the juice production of Chaenomeles fruits in food technologies as a natural food additive (source of organic acids, pectin and phenolic substances, and vitamins) are relevant. The research aims to improve food technologies by implementing the Zero-waste concept, which involves the use of secondary products of fruit processing as a source of valuable biologically active substances in the technologies of various food products. For the research, we used a variety mix of Vitamin, Citrine, and Orange Chaenomeles fruits, Chaenomeles pomace after juice extraction, Chaenomeles pomace processing products (water extracts, powder, mashed potatoes), food products (pickled mushrooms, meat pate, yeast products). Standard methods of analysis were used in the course of experimental studies. The qualitative indicators of raw materials and processed products of Chaenomeles were evaluated by organoleptic and physicochemical parameters. As a result of the research, it was found that the waste generated in the production of juice products from the fruits of the Chaenomeles is characterized by a significant content of organic acids, pectin, and phenolic substances, as well as L-ascorbic acid. The rational conditions for obtaining various secondary products of Chaenomeles processing: extract, powder, and puree were determined and experimentally tested. It was proved that the use of secondary products of Chaenomeles processing (mashed potatoes – 7.5 % by weight of flour, powder – 1.5 % by weight of flour, water extract – 40 % by weight of water) in the recipe composition of yeast flour products would reduce the duration of dough fermentation and increase its biological value. The feasibility of using aqueous extracts of Coleoptera in making pickled mushroom snacks as a substitute for citric acid solution for the pretreatment of mushroom raw materials to inactivate mushroom polyphenol oxidase was confirmed. It was determined that in the technologies of meat pates, the combination of meat raw materials (pork) and 8 % hydrated powder obtained from Chaenomeles pomace provides high organoleptic characteristics of the paste, reduces the content of animal fats and minimizes the caloric content of the paste; positively affects the moisture retention capacity and stability of the minced emulsion; increases the biological value of the product due to plant components.

The article presents the results of a scientific and economic experiment to study the influence of different levels of Bypass soybeans in the diets of high-yielding cows on feed costs per kilogram of milk and reproductive functions of cows. Provision of the rations of the experimental cows with an unequal amount of the difficult-to-dissolve fraction of crude protein, at the expense of Bypass soybeans, affected their consumption of bulk feed. The experimental cows consumed 4.1–4.8 kg from the specified 5 kg of alfalfa hay, 20.8–24.6 kg from 25 kg of corn silage, and 8.4–9.7 kg from 10 kg of alfalfa hay. The consumed feed provided cows with crude protein at the level of 16.0–16.5 % of the dry matter, its poorly soluble fraction at the level of 27.3 % of the crude protein in the 1st control group, 31.1 % in the 2nd experimental group, 35.2 % – in the 3rd experimental group and 40.0 % – in the 4th experimental group. The sugar-starch-protein ratio was normal and ranged from 2.20 to 2.28 : 1 with a norm of 2.1 : 1. The micronutrient rations were balanced due to micronutrients of organic origin. On the basis of the obtained data, it was proved that the lowest feed consumption per 1 kg of milk was observed in cows of the 4th experimental group, which were fed rations with 2 kg of Bypass soybeans, where the level of insoluble protein was 40 % of crude protein and these consumptions were 6.5 MJ against 7.4 MJ in the 1st control group. Cows of the 4th experimental group also had the best insemination and service period indicators. The duration of the service period in the experimental groups was less in percentage compared to the animals of the 1st control group by: 15.0 in the 2nd; 25.6 in the 3rd and 32.9 in the 4th. Partial and complete replacement in the diets of cows of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th experimental groups of soybean meal with Vypass soybeans at the level of 1.0; 1.7 and 2 kg of compound feed concentrate in the first 100 days of lactation has a positive effect on the physiological state, stimulates appetite and provides normal conditions for fertilization and embryo development.

A computer model of the system for generating neutron fluxes at the output of a linear electron accelerator has been developed in the Geant4 and PhysList QGSP BIC HP programming environment. With the help of the model, a number of virtual experiments on 107 primary neutrons were carried out. The dependence of the ratio of the number of neutrons, incident on the detector with a reflector to the number of neutrons without a reflector on the radius of curvature of the hemispherical dome of the reflector is determined, which makes it possible to establish the optimal dimensions of the working area. The energy spectra of neutrons incident on the detector are determined. It has been established that when using a graphite reflector 30 × 30 × 30 cm in size with a radius of curvature of the hemispherical dome of 5 cm, the number of neutrons at the location of the detector increases by 16.9 %, and the neutron background in the accelerator bunker decreases by 2.5 times, which is in good agreement with the real experiment made. Such a decrease in the radiation background, according to sanitary standards, will make it possible to increase the accelerator current by 2.5 times and increase the neutron flux.

On the basis of conducted scientific research, it was set that the use of inorganic salts of trace elements in animal and poultry feed leads to environmental pollution with heavy metals due to their low biological availability for the animal organism. Therefore, in recent years, a number of investigations have been conducted to study the effectiveness of using organic trace elements in animal and poultry feed. The article deals with the results of a scientific and economic experiment on the investigation of the influence of domestically produced zinc proteinate in combination with zinc sulfate on indicators of preservation, growth intensity and feed conversion in broiler chickens. Broiler chickens of the control group were fed with a complete ration balanced in terms of necessary nutrients, in accordance with the age periods of the growth of the poultry, with the addition of 50 g per ton of zinc sulfate. Then, the broiler chickens of the research groups were received the same compound feed, but with the addition of 50 g and 30 g per ton of zinc proteinate compound feed. The live weight of broiler chickens of the research groups was significantly higher than the control. At the age of one week, it tended to increase in the chickens of the 2nd and 3rd research groups, and at the age of 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days, the live weight of the chickens of the 3rd research group exceeded the live weight of the poultry of the control group, respectively , by 15.8 g (Р < 0.05); 37.0 (P < 0.01); 96.8 (P < 0.05); 115.9 (P < 0.01) and 177.7 g (P < 0.05), or by 4.7 %, 4.6, 7.6, 6.5 and 7.1 %, while the chickens of the 2nd research group at this time exceeded the control group chickens in terms of live weight, but were slightly behind the peers of the 3rd research group. The researched doses of zinc proteinate contributed to the increase in the preservation of poultry stock by 4–5 %, the average daily weight gain of broilers in the research groups compared to the control, respectively, by 5.1–7.2 %. The European index of efficiency of broiler chickens growing for zinc proteinate feeding was increased by 48.4 and 76.7 units compared to the control group which were fed with zinc sulfate and at the same time feed costs per 1 kg of growth was decreased by 2.4–3.2 %.

The results obtained in the last two decades in the development of functional tribological alloys for the castings working under severe abrasion, erosion, and erosion–corrosion conditions are reviewed. The chemical composition, microstructural features, mechanical and tribological properties of (a) multicomponent cast irons, (b) Fe–C–B alloys with an increased (1–3.5 wt.%) boron content, and (c) hybrid abrasive-resistant alloys designed by combining different alloying principles are analysed. The necessity for the formation of a heterophase structure consisting of multitype hard compounds (carbides, borides, and carboborides) distributed in a secondary-hardened martensite matrix is highlighted as a key approach to reaching an advanced abrasive wear resistance of the cast components. The target structural state can be obtained by simultaneous adding several strong carbide-forming elements (Ti, W, Mo, V, and Cr) taken in the same amount (by analogy with high-entropy alloys). This allows the elements to compete with each other to form different phases during crystallization, which ensures the general refinement of the alloy structural constituents. The advantages of partial replacement of carbon with boron in Fe-based alloys are emphasised that allows the formation of boride and carboboride compounds having much higher hardness compared to carbides. This makes it possible to achieve an advanced level of wear resistance in the absence (or at low content) of alloying elements, benefiting from a significant reduction in the cost of the alloy. The influence of alloying elements on the physical and mechanical properties of boride phases is analysed; prospects are outlined, and novel (‘hybrid’) alloys combining the multialloying principle with high boron content are presented. The main technological approaches applied to improve the mechanical and tribological properties of boron-containing wear-resistant casting are described.

The method for determination of f-activity (spontaneous fission) of samples based on a combination of multiplicity spectrometry, measurement of radiation energy, and registration of time of long-range fission products is considered. The method is representative, highly sensitive, and fast. The minimum determined value of the specific activity is 1.4⋅10-3 Bq/g.

The research results on the cost-effectiveness of using different doses of Zinc, Manganese, and Cobalt due to their mixed ligand complexes in the feeding rations of highly productive cows of the Ukrainian Black-Spotted Dairy breed in the first 100 days of lactation are presented. Experimental studies were conducted on five (one control and four experimental) groups of analogous cows in the conditions of the Kyiv region's ALC “Terezyne” Bila Tserkva district. The optimal dose of mixed-ligand complexes of Zinc, Manganese, and Cobalt was established in previous studies, with a concentration of 1 kg of dry matter (DM) of the feed mixture (FM), mg: Zinc – 60.8; Manganese – 60.8, and Cobalt – 0.78. For the second experimental group, the concentration of these trace elements increased by 10 %, and in the 3rd, fourth, and fifth experimental groups – on the contrary, it decreased by 10 %, 20, and 30 %, respectively, compared with the control. The highest hopes of essential fat milk were in experimental cows of the 4th group and were 4791.7 kg, where due to mixed ligand complexes, the doses of Zinc and Manganese were 48.6 mg, and Cobalt – 0.62 mg per 1 kg of DM. The hopes of essential fat milk, compared with the control, in cows of the second experimental group, was higher by 155.2 kg, the 3rd – by 211.3 kg, the 4th – by 427.0 kg, and the fifth experimental group – by 234.6 kg. The lowest hopes of essential fat milk were in cows of the first control group. Using additives of mixed ligand complexes of Zinc, Manganese, and Cobalt in complete feed mixtures allowed profit, UAH: in the first control group – 7581.5; second experimental group – 7963.1; third – 8004.1; fourth – 8437.6 and 5th – 8119.0. The most significant profit, by UAH 856.1, or 11.29 % more than control, was obtained in the fourth experimental group of cows of the Ukrainian Black-Spotted Dairy breed. The positive effect of feeding different levels of Zinc, Manganese, and Cobalt due to their mixed ligand complexes to cows of the Ukrainian Black-Spotted Dairy breed in the first 100 days of lactation on the indicators of economic efficiency of milk production. The best results were obtained in the fourth experimental group, whose cows were fed a feed mixture containing 1 kg of DM, mg: Zinc – 48.6; Manganese – 48.6; Cobalt – 0.62; Selenium – 0.3; Copper – 12 and Iodine – 1.1.

Purpose of the study. To determine the safety and efficacy of 20% azelaic acid cream in the treatment of patients with papulopustular acne vulgaris. Materials and methods. 65 patients with acne vulgaris were examined. The control group consisted of 30 healthy individuals. Acne severity was evaluated according to G. Michaelsson et al. scale, Cook’s scale, absolute number of papules and pustules. Assessment of quality of life was performed. Facial skin microbiocenosis was assessed. All patients with acne vulgaris applied 20% azelaic acid cream during 15 ± 2 days. Results and discussion. The use of 20% azelaic acid cream contributed to the rapid regression of inflammatory acne. After 10 days of treatment, the number of papulopustular elements decreased in 3 times. After 10 days of therapy acne score according to G. Michaelsson et al. decreased in 1,5 times and after 15 days of treatment – in 1,9 times. After 10 days of therapy the acne score on the Cook’s scale decreased in 1,4 times. At the end of the study the acne score on the Cook’s scale was 2,4 points. There was a significant decrease in the total number of bacteria, the number of coagulase-positive staphylococci, quantity of Propionibacterium acnes on facial skin in 15 days after the start of therapy. A significant difference in the average value of the DLQI was fixed before (18,9 ± 0,31) and at the end (8,1 ± 0,54) of treatment. Conclusions. The high effectiveness of 20% azelaic acid cream in treatment of papulopustular acne vulgaris was proved. 20% azelaic acid cream provides a rapid regression of inflammatory forms of acne, reduction of total quantity of bacteria and Propionbacterium acnes on skin.

The article deals with the results of research on the economic efficiency of the use of mixed ligand complexes of Zinc, Manganese and Cobalt in the feeding rations of highlyproductive cows of Ukrainian Red-Spotted Dairy breed in the first 100 days of lactation. The research was performed on five groups (one control and four experimental) of analogous cows in the conditions of ALC “Terezyne” Bila Tserkva district of Kyiv region. The control was the optimal dose of mixed ligand complexes of Zinc, Manganese and Cobalt, which was previously established with a concentration of 1 kg of dry matter (DM) of the feed mixture (FM), mg: Zinc – 60.8; Manganese – 60.8 and Cobalt – 0.78. For the 2nd experimental group, the concentration of these trace elements was increased by 10 %, and in the 3rd, 4th and 5th experimental groups – on the contrary, the concentration of Zinc, Manganese and Cobalt in 1 kg of DM of feed mixture was reduced by 10 %, 20 and 30 %, respectively, compared with the control. The best results on milk yield of natural and basic fat content were got from cows of the 4th experimental group, where the concentration of Zinc, Manganese and Cobalt due to their mixed ligand complexes in 1 kg of DM of feed mixture was, mg: Zinc – 48.6; Manganese – 48.6; Cobalt – 0.62. The cost of products got from experimental cows ranged from UAH 12702.3 up to UAH 13783.7 and it was the highest in the 4th experimental group. It was set up that for cows of Ukrainian Red-Spotted Dairy breed in the first 100 days of lactation the most economically advantageous was the dose of mixed ligand complexes, in which the concentration of Zinc and Manganese was 48.6 mg, and Cobalt – 0.62 mg/kg DM, which allowed to obtain a profit of 14.37 % more than in the control group. Doses of mixed ligand complexes with a concentration of Zinc and Manganese – 66.9 mg; 54.7 and 42.6 mg, and Cobalt – 0.86 mg; 0.7 and 0.55 mg/kg CF gave a much lower economic effect. Additional profit in the 2nd experimental group amounted to UAH 66.8 or 1.34 %; in the 3rd – UAH 95.6 or 1.92 % and in the 5th – UAH 561.6 or 11.28 %, compared with the control group.

The results of establishing the optimal feeding doses of Zinc, Manganese, and Cobalt in the form of their mixed-ligand complexes for high-yielding cows of Holstein, Ukrainian Red-Spotted and Ukrainian Black-Spotted dairy breeds during the late dry period were presented, their influence on the future productivity and reproductive qualities of cows were also determined. It was found that lower doses of mixed-ligand complexes of Zinc, Manganese, and Cobalt in the feed mixture stimulated its consumption better. The cows of the 4th experimental group consumed more of the feed mixture, where the concentration of Zinc and Manganese was 35 mg, and Cobalt – 0.49 mg per 1 kg of DM. At various doses of mixed-ligand complexes of Zinc, Manganese, and Cobalt, the increase in live weight in cows of the control group was 24.3 kg, and in the experimental groups, it ranged from 23.7 kg to 26.9 kg, which is 8.6% and 10.7% (P < 0,05) more in the 3rd and 4th groups compared with the control. A decrease in the concentration of mixed-ligand complexes of Zinc, Manganese, and Cobalt in the diets of dry cows in the experimental groups by 10, 20, 30 and 40% had a positive effect on their further milk productivity. During the first 100 days of lactation, they milked 60-180 kg of milk more compared to the control with an increase in fat content by 0.01–0.05%. Also, in the milk of experimental group’s cows, compared with the control, the protein content increased (3.22–3.23% versus 3.14%), and the feed costs per 1 kg of milk in them were lower by 3.5–9.4%. Smaller doses of zinc, manganese, and cobalt contributed better to lengthening the period of prolonged action of their mixed-ligand complexes on the body of lactating cows. The calves’ live weight at the birth in the 4th experimental group exceeded the indicator of their peers from the control group by 2.3 kg or 8.81%, while the calves obtained from cows of the 2nd experimental group prevailed the control by 1.6 kg, or 6, 13 %, from the 3rd experimental group – by 1.8 kg, or 6.90%, and the 4th experimental group – by 1.7 kg, or 6.51%. The duration of the service period in all experimental groups of cows was within the recommended norms and was 87.8 days in the control group, and the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th experimental groups, respectively 84.7 days, 82.2; 80.6 and 83.5 days, respectively, and there was less in control by 3.1–7.1 days or 3.3–8.2%. The insemination index in the cows’ control group was 1.5, and in the experimental one – 1.2–1.4, which is 6.7–20.0% less.

The article deals with the results of research to study the digestibility of nutrients in the ration and metabolism of Nitrogen, Zinc and Manganese in high-yielding Holstein cows of German selection in the first period of lactation for feeding mixed ligand complexes of Zinc, Manganese and Cobalt. The research was performed in the conditions of Terezyne Ltd., Bila Tserkva district, Kyiv region. There was an increase in the coefficients of digestibility of dry matter in cows of the 2nd-5th experimental groups compared with animals of the 1st control group, respectively by 1.8–3.5 % (P < 0.05); organic matter by 0.3–2.5 %; crude protein by 0.5–4.2 % (P < 0.05 – P < 0.01); crude fat by 1.1–1.8 %; crude fiber by 1.3–3.3 % and nitrogen-free extractives by 2.1–4.2 %. Cows of the experimental groups consumed more Nitrogen than the cows of the control group: 20.18 g or 2.4 % – the 2nd group, 55.06 g or 6.6 % – the 3rd, 42.52 g or 5, 1 % – 4th and 28.98 g or 3.5 % – 5th experimental group due to better eating of the feed mixture. General consumption level of Nitrogen in relation to excreted with milk and deposited in the body of cows of the control group was 32.02 %, and in animals of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th experimental groups – 33.59 %; 37.31; 36.99 and 34.97 %. In relation to the total digested amount, the proportion of Nitrogen deposited in the body and excreted with milk in animals of the control group was 42.38 %, and in the experimental – 44.25–47.34 %. Doses of Zinc, which provided its existing rate of 54–85 % due to the mixed ligand complex, positively influenced on the the metabolism of trace elements in the organism of experimental cows. Assimilation of Zinc in the organism was determined by the amount of its secretions with milk and deposits in the body and in absolute terms it was the lowest in cows of the 4th and 5th experimental groups – 562.7 mg and 671.6 mg against 740.8 mg in the 1st control group and the largest – 784.7 mg and 801.3 mg in animals of the 2nd and 3rd experimental groups. The use of a mixed ligand complex of manganese ensured its positive balance in the organism of cows and the absorption of the trace element in the organism of experimental cows ranged from 22.5 % in the 2nd experimental group to 33.2 % in the 3rd experimental group. The best indicators for the metabolism of Nitrogen, Zinc and Manganese were got in the third experimental group whose cows were fed a feed mixture, that in 1 kg of DM contained, mg: Zinc – 54.7; Manganese – 54.7; Cobalt – 0.7; Selenium – 0.3; Copper – 12 and Iodine – 1.1.

A number of scientific publications on the influence of microelements on the vital activity of cows, the level of milk productivity and reproductive function are analyzed. The article presents the results of research on the study of different levels of mixed-ligand complexes of Zinc, Manganese and Cobalt in the feeding of cows in the dry season for their future milk productivity and reproductive functions. The research was carried out in the conditions of “Terezine”, Bila Tserkva district, Kyiv region, on highly productive cows of the Ukrainian black-spotted dairy breed. It was found that the elimination of Zinc, Manganese and Cobalt deficiency in the diets of cows in the dry season due to different doses of their mixed-ligand complexes had a positive effect on further milk productivity. In terms of gross milk yield of natural milk for milk of 4 % fat content, the difference in this indicator between the cows of the 2nd experimental group and control was 195.9 kg, or 5.52 % (P < 0.01), the 3rd experimental – 220.4 kg, or 6.21 % (P < 0.001), the 4th experimental – 242.0 kg, or 6.82 % (P < 0.001) and the 5th experimental group and control – 116.3 kg, or 3.28 %. Different concentrations of mixed-ligand complexes of the studied micronutrients in the diets of dry and lactating cows differently affected their reproductive functions. One fertile insemination of each cow in the 1st control group required 2.8 inseminations, in the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th experimental groups – 2.1; 1.9; 1.7 and 2.3 fertilization, which is 75.0 according to the control; 67.9; 60.7 and 82.1 %. Lower levels of Zinc, Manganese and Cobalt led to positive dynamics in the physiological state of cows, stimulated their hunting and provided normal conditions for the processes of fertilization and embryo development in cows. The best effect on the milk productivity of cows and their reproductive functions had the following levels of trace elements in 1 kg of SR feed, mg: Zinc – 30; Manganese – 30; Cobalt – 0.38; Selenium – 0.3; Copper – 9 and Iodine – 0.7. This concentration of trace elements was achieved due to their mixed-ligand complexes, and Copper – its sulfate, Iodine – potassium iodide, and Selenium – selenium Suplex.

Research is devoted to using chemical markers for studying and description of ecosystems. Photosynthetic pigments – carotenoids and chlorophylls, and soil polymers – humic, fulvic acids and their salts, were used as chemical markers. Correlations between concentrations of these markers in samples and parameters of “total nitrogen” and ash were studied. Complex chemical analysis for nine samples collected on a Demaria hill in the altitude range from 47 m to 408 m above see level was carried. It was concluded that in meager antarctic-like ecosystems the content of carotenoids and chlorophylls adequately reflects the quantity of a whole phytomass and of biomass. Total content humic and fulvic acids can be used to estimate quantity of organic substances in soils. Comparison of photosynthetic pigment concentrations with “total nitrogen” parameter allows to separate biogenic phytomass nitrogen and animal waste products.

Objective.To determine the energy value of several groups of the East Antarctic sea biota and identify potential calorific differences in the context of both taxa and ecological groups. Methodology. Sampling was carried out by traditional methods (benthic traps, diving gathering), and remote sampling was also applied (using remote-controlled underwater vehicles). The energy value of organisms is determined using wet burning methods. Results. The energy indicators of the main biological objects of the sublittoral of the three seas at the East Antarctica were determined for the first time. It has been shown that in the studied sublittoral regions of the Cosmonauts, Cooperation (more Sodruzhestva) and Davis seas, the dominant species of marine zoobenthos was the sea urchin Sterechinus neumayeri (Meissner, 1900). The caloric values of starfish, polychaetes, nemerteans, sponges, ascidia, holothurians, crustaceans, and some other taxa of marine biota were determined. It is shown that the content of organic matter in Antarctic species varies from 12—94%, and caloric content — from 0.7—7.3% cal / mg dry matter, with the maximum values registered for amphipods and calanoids. The energy equivalents of marine zoobenthos per unit of bottom square have been calculated. The ratio equation of the caloric content of the substance of the studied object to the ash content is calculated. Conclusions. In general, we can conclude that the caloric values of marine zoobenthos in all three studied seas are close to each other. Furthermore, the caloric content of individual representatives of marine fauna varies significantly and, in general, depends on the quantity and quality of organic matter in certain species as well as on the season of year. The low-caloric representatives of the Antarctic flora and fauna correspond to the high substance ash levels of their body. Depending on the energy value significance, several groups of marine biota were represented, represented by various taxa.

The second part of the essay about zemstvo doctor, V.T. Skrylnikov elucidates his fruitful activity in the field of balneology: study and popularization of therapeutic properties of the so-called "Timofeev clay", publication of his "Seasonal Bulletin of Slaviansk mineral water ". We describe recent years of the doctor’s life, complicatedwith the disease and severe family affairs. The grateful memoriesof his fellow doctors about himare listed.

The paper presents the results of revision and arrangement of the Thymus L. (Lamiaceae Martinov) genus collection in the assets of herbarium of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University (CWU). At critical study of herbarium specimens and protologues a number of type and original specimens of 15 taxa which were revealed and proposed by Thymus monographs M.V. Klokov and N.O. Desjatova-Shostenko: Thymus armeniacus Klokov & Des.-Shost., Th. borysthenicus Klokov & Des.-Shost., Th. daghe­stanicus Klokov & Des.-Shost., Th. dimorphus Klokov & Des.-Shost., Th. dimorphus [without rank] steppaceus Klokov & Des.-Shost., Th. dimorphus Klokov & Des.-Shost.  Th. marschallianus Willd., Th. dubjanskyi Klokov & Des.-Shost., Th. eltonicus Klokov & Des.-Shost., Th. kirgisorum var. creticola Klokov & Des.-Shost., Th. migricus Klokov & Des.-Shost., Th. mugodzharicus Klokov & Des.-Shost., Th. pseudograniticus Klokov & Des.-Shost., Th. pulegioides subsp. ucrainicus Klokov & Des.-Shost., Th. tschernjajevii Klokov & Des.-Shost., and Th. ziaratinus Klokov & Des.-Shost. At present, this material includes one lectotype, two isolectotypes, 40 syntypes, 16 isosyntypes, five paratypes, three isoparatypes, and two original specimens. In the provided annotated list of type and original specimens, each taxon is presented with an indication of its Latin name with nomenclatural citation, main synonyms, basic taxonomic literature, information from protologue, nomenclatural type and place of its storage, as well as critical notes on previous typifications and/or individual specimens.

Охарактеризовано специфічні особливості Покутсько-Буковинських Карпат, що визначають рівень їх екологічної безпеки. Оцінено екологічну небезпеку від неконтрольованого нагромадження деревних відходів у регіоні. Проаналізовано відомі технології гранулювання деревних відходів. Досліджено оптимальні умови сушіння деревних відходів у нерухомому шарі. Проведено експериментальні дослідження процесу сушіння відходів лісового господарства за різної висоти шару матеріалу та різної температури теплового агенту. Запропоновано спосіб екструзійного гранулювання композиції деревних відходів та в'яжучого натурального походження із отриманням паливних гранул. Показано перспективність використання сульфатного мила – в'яжучої речовини натурального походження, для покращення процесу грануляції деревних відходів. Запропоновано технологічне вдосконалення обладнання, що забезпечує рівномірний розподіл компонентів у процесі змішування в'яжучого та наповнювача в процесі гранулювання. Встановлено оптимальні умови отримання паливних гранул із деревним відходів екструзійним методом. Досліджено статистичну міцність та теплотворну здатність отриманих гранул, а також залежність між кількістю в'яжучого та концентрацією летких компонентів і коксовим залишком після спалювання гранули. Запропоновано принципову технологічну схему виробництва паливних гранул із деревних відходів екструзійним методом.

Background: The investigation of the low doses of ionizing radiation is still a great importance for identification of the threshold of harmful effect and potential hormetic effect of low doses. Objectives: The purpose of investigation was to evaluate the stress response in human buccal epithelium cells induced by low intensive neutron radiation. Materials and Methods: The level of chromatin condensation in interphase nuclei was applied for assessment of the cell reaction to stress. Exfoliated human buccal epithelium cells were collected, placed in the 3.03 mM phosphate buffer solution (pH=7.0) with addition of 2.89 mM CaCl2 and exposed to neutron radiation from 2 Pu-Be sources IBN-17. The heterochromatin granule quantity (HGQ) assessments were done after orcein staining that had been immediately performed after cell exposure to neutron radiation in the dose range from 2.3 mSv to 146.0 mSv. Also the effect of fast neutron radiation in the dose of 11.4 mSv on human buccal epithelium cells was investigated in 1-64 min after exposure. The HGQ in every variant of experiment was assessed in 30 nuclei in 3 separate experiments. The mean HGQ and standard error of mean were assessed in every experiment. Results: Neutron radiation induced the increase of HGQ. Partially slowed neutrons have less influence on neutron-induced HGQ increase than only fast neutrons especially with 1 min delay after exposure. Fast neutrons induce heterochromatinization in cell samples irradiated with doses 4.6–36.5 mSv. Further increase of dose has led to return of HGQ to control levels. After cell exposure to fast neutron flow (11.4 mSv) the peaks of chromatin condensation were observed for time intervals 2–8 and 32–64 min after cell exposure to radiation. Conclusions: Qualitative characteristic of neutron radiation (slow/fast neutrons) influences the rate of cell stress response as revealed by chromatin condensation in cell nuclei. It was demonstrated that there is a threshold dose above which cells are able to develop stress response to neutron radiation. The dose-response dependence is non-monotonous and is of wave-like form. Described phenomena may be explained by the effect of hormesis.

The importance of the influence of microorganisms on the health of humans and animals is beyond doubt. In recent decades, a large amount of data on the interaction of the flora with the elements of the immune system has been accumulated. Therefore, it is important to identify any hazardous factors that must be prevented or neutralized. One of such factors is the circulating flora of the premises, the organism of the animal, its virulence and resistance to antibacterial drugs. Bacteriological studies included bacteriological culture on the nutrient environment, their identification and the study of antibioticsensitivity. According to the results of bacteriological studies of milk samples, it was found that in 25% of the studied samples Staphylococcus aureus cultures were found in different concentrations. In 4 samples, Proteus vulgaris was detected. Bacteriological studies of vaginal exudate from the cows after calving have shown that they have Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli haemolitica, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterobacter cloacae, Proteus vulgaris, mold fungi of the Aspergillus spp. The studies of the exudate from the nasal passages and the mouthof the calves found that all the tested samples contained Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus spp., Klebsiella pnemoniae and Aspergillus and Candida fungi. The results of calf excrement studies revealed the presence of a number of microorganisms: Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli haemolitica, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterobacter cloacae and Enterobacter faecalis in different percentages. In determining the sensitivity of isolated cultures to antibacterial drugs, it has been established that Staphylococcus aureus cultures are sensitive to all antibiotics; Proteus vulgaris show resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin; Escherichia coli haemolytica is resistant to ampicillin.

Наведено результати проведення подеревної інвентаризації зелених насаджень парку відповідно до наявних методів з використанням сучасних технологій. Інформацію про місцезнаходження кожного дерева отримано за допомогою GPS Garmin GPS Map 64S з наступними коригуваннями в геоінформаційній системі ArcGis 9.2 на підставі ортофотоплану, який отримано за допомогою квадрокоптера Phantom 4. Після цього створено геоінформаційну базу даних дерев і чагарників, де координати розташування дерев поєднуються з інформацією про видовий склад, фітосанітарні та основні таксаційні показники рослин. Візуалізація створеної бази даних деревно-чагарникової рослинності на підставі цифрової моделі території дало змогу створити 3-вимірну модель території у програмі Realtime Landscaping Architect 2016 (RLA 2016). За результатами виконаних робіт встановлено таксономічний склад дендроценозів, проаналізовано стан насаджень парку та проведено їх оцінку з точки зору фітосанітарного, продуктивного та естетичного стану, встановлено типи садово-паркових ландшафтів об'єкта. Аналіз фітосанітарного стану зелених насаджень в Чортківському парку показав, що переважна кількість дерев належить до категорії стану "добрий", а майже четверта частина облікованих дерев потребує здійснення оздоровчих заходів, або видалення.

National biosecurity is a system of organizational and technical measures that help protect humans, animals and the environment from potential and actual biological threats. That is why analysis of the main hazardous biological sources for humans and animals has been carried out. The influence of climate change on the animals’ welfare as well as their predisposition to the deferred type tendency is proved. The prevalence of vector diseases of animals, mycoses and mycotoxicoses, which can manifest themselves in the form of such emergencies as outbreaks of exotic diseases, large-scale epizootics, a sharp increase of the incidence of endemic diseases, etc., are of both ecological and biological danger. Contagious vesicular (nodular) dermatitis (Lumpy skin disease, LSD) is caused by the virus belonging to the genus Capripoxvirus, the Poxviridae family and affects mainly cattle and buffaloes. The virus is distributed mainly by means of mechanical carriers (species of Stomoxys spp. and other flies). Global warming on the European continent facilitates the migration of blood-sucking insects that are carriers of vector diseases. As a result, the insects occupy new ecological niches adapting to the new biocenoses. A poorly controlled movement of large numbers of livestock also creates a risk of disease spreading. The World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) has identified LSD as highly dangerous illnesses subject to notification. The focus is made on policies dealing with the control and eradication of contagious nodular dermatitis in case of its detection. The spread of LSD can be prevented through the introduction of biosafety measures at the farm level and the introduction of restrictions on the movement of infection-susceptible animals and goods from the infected territories. Vaccination is the most effective disease control tool in endemic areas. LSD control and elimination policy in case of disease detection includes sanitary slaughter (stamping-out) of infected animals – a complex of antiepizootic measures that carry out by direction of the chief state inspector, including the slaughter of sick and infected animals of the herd, and if necessary, animals of another herd that could lead before the transmission of a pathogenic agent – the pathogen of contagious nodular dermatitis of cattle. All animals, that are susceptible to the disease, whether vaccinated or not, are clogged and their carcasses are destroyed by burning, burial with the guarantee of preventing the spread of infection through carcasses or other products of dead animals. Emergency control of outbreaks envisages the ring vaccination of buffer zones within 25–50 km from infected areas, as well as foundation of temporary or permanent slaughter places in the infected areas. Sufficient herd immunity must be created and maintained within large territories both around the infected area and at the borders with infected countries. Such immunity is achieved when 80% of the herd is covered by vaccination.

The state and peculiarities of the development of the innovation infrastructure of Ukraine were analyzed in the article. It was found that: 1. At the present stage of development of the country, it is difficult to determine the real state and peculiarities of the development of innovation infrastructure, as different institutions provide different, and sometimes diametrically opposed, information on the number of elements of the innovation infrastructure that is created and functioning in Ukraine. 2. Innovation infrastructure of Ukraine is not only fragmentary, but it also shows a steady negative trend of development - the number of elements of innovation infrastructure is constantly decreasing. 3. Innovative funds and companies are the most developed type of innovation infrastructure in Ukraine. 4. The most innovatively active are large (on average 29.2% of surveyed large enterprises) and medium-sized enterprises. 5. The Most Ukrainian innovative enterprises implemented non-technological innovations (implemented marketing and organizational innovations). 6. The vast majority of Ukrainian innovative enterprises with technological innovations engaged in the purchase of machinery, equipment, software and facilities. 7. Only 25% of innovative enterprises with technological innovations co-operated with other enterprises and organizations. 8. Innovative enterprises with technological innovations often collaborated with suppliers of equipment, materials, components or software. 9. Innovative enterprises of Ukraine mostly cooperated with Ukrainian enterprises (on average, 24% of enterprises with technological innovations), on average European enterprises and organizations accounted for 5.7%, China and India – 1.3%, the USA – 1.2%. 10. Innovative activity of enterprises of Ukraine is characterized by clear regional and branch specifics. 11. The vast majority of innovative enterprises carry out their activities in the processing industry, information and telecommunications. 12. The regions-leaders in terms of the share of innovative enterprises in the total number of enterprises are Rivne, Kharkiv and Ivano-Frankivsk region.

У статті проаналізовано взаємозв’язок понять «буденна свідомість» і «повсякденність» у світі релігії. Визначено компоненти буденної релігійної свідомості як носія повсякденності релігії. Найважливіша характеристика буденної свідомості – домінування смислових, ціннісних чинників над когнітивними. Значущими елементами, що кодують повсякденність релігії, є здоровий глузд, життєвий досвід, аксіологічні установки, релігійні вірування. Повсякденність забезпечує існування цих компонентів за допомогою апробації, повторення звичної, передбачуваної й одноманітної діяльності.

Purpose. The resonant overvoltage arises in main electrical networks as a result of random coincidence of some parameters of circuit and its mode and it may exist for a relatively long time. Therefore, the traditional means of limitation of short duration commutation surges are not effective in this case. The study determines conditions of appearance and development of non-sinusoidal mode after switching idle autotransformer to the overhead line of extra high voltage. The purpose of the paper is to choice measures for prevention overvoltage, too. Methodology. The study has used the result of extra high voltage line testing, the methods of electric circuit theory and the simulation in the MATLAB & Simulink package. Results. The simulation model of the extra high voltage transmission line for the study of resonant non-sinusoidal overvoltage is developed. The conditions for the appearance of resonant circuits in the real power line are found and harmonic frequency in which overvoltage arises are obtained. The study proposes using the controlled switching device as a measure to prevent resonance surges and determines the appropriate settings. Originality. The expression for calculation of resonant length of extra high voltage line was derived. The special investigation of processes in the resonant circuit of the extra high voltage transmission line for higher harmonic components of voltage is carried out. The program of switching for control apparatus that prevents non-sinusoidal overvoltage has been developed at the first time. Practical value. The using of the proposed settings of controlled switchgear will prevent the occurrence of hazardous resonant surge on higher harmonic components of voltage.

The purpose of this work was to assess the features of biochemical markers changes in women with periodontal pathology associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome using optimal management of chronic generalized periodontitis prevention and treatment. Materials and methods. There were examined two groups of 25 women each in the course of moderate severity chronic generalized periodontitis associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome. The control group consisted of 25 women. The treatment-and-prophylactic complex (locally – mouthwash “Biodent-4” and mucosal gel “EKSO”, orally – an amaranth oil-based drug and tablets “EKSO”) was used in the first group; only conventional treatment was used in the second group. Results. In the first group urease activity decreased by 36.0 % after a month of treatment, in 6 months - by 46.0 %, in 12 months - by 62.4 %; lysozyme increased within 1 month by 40.5 %, in 6 months – by 52.4 %, in 12 months – by 53.6 %, diene conjugates in 1 month – by 32.0 %, in 6 months – by 43.5 %, in 12 months – by 42,8 %; malondialdehyde in 1 month by 31.7 %, in 6 months – by 43.9 %, in 12 months – by 42.6 %. Catalase increased in 1 month by 40.0 %, in 6 months – by 52.0 %, in 12 months – by 62.0 %. In the second group urease activity decreased by 12.6 % in 1 month, in 6 months – by 25.3 %, in 1 year – by 34.2 %. The level of diene conjugates decreased in 6 months by 22.3 %, in 12 months – by 24.8 %. Activity of superoxide dismutase decreased in 1 month by 20.0 %, in 6 months – by 22.6 %, in 12 months – by 27.8 %, glutathione peroxidase in 6 months – by 28.9 %, in 12 – by 26.3 %, catalase and lysozyme increased in 12 months by 36.7 and 30.5 %, respectively. Conclusions. The oral fluid biochemical parameters dynamics in women with moderate severity chronic generalized periodontitis associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome evidences the high efficiency of the prophylactic and therapeutic complex. Positive changes in the periodontal status of patients can be explained by a decrease in the intensity of lipid peroxidation, an inflammatory response, and activation of antioxidant protection in the oral cavity.

In recent years, much attention has been paid to the search and creation of new drugs. Purposeful synthesis of compounds with low toxicity and pronounced biological properties is the main stage in the development of medicinal products. Of particular interest in this direction are nitrogen-containing heterocycles, as highly effective pharmacologically active compounds. Great importance in this direction is given to the study of the biological activity of 1,2,4-triazoles, since the 1,2,4-triazole nucleus is a structural fragment of drugs with variety pharmacological effects. The purpose of our work was to synthesize new compounds in the series of 1,2,4-triazole-3-thione containing hydroxyphenyl substituents, namely synthesise starting compounds, carry out the reactions of alkylation, and study directly oxidation of the Sulfur atom to IV and VI valence states. Materials and methods. The structure of the synthesized compounds, their identity and purity has been proved by elemental analysis, IR-, UV-spectrophotometry, NMR-spectrometry, TLC, HPLC-MS. Results. We obtained a number of 1,2,4-triazole-3-thione derivatives, namely, oxidized forms of s-alkyl derivatives, which have practical significance for drug developers, as well as for scientists in the field of organic synthesis. For the obtained compounds it is planned to study acute toxicity, antifungal, antimicrobial, neuroleptic, diuretic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hypolipidemic activity. But the pharmacological activity of 1,2,4-triazole-3-thione has not been studied sufficiently. From our point of view, the synthesis, study of physical-chemical and biological properties of 1,2,4-triazole-3-thione with hydroxyphenyl substituents have a scientific novelty, theoretical and practical significance. Therefore, the further search for biologically active substances in this series of compounds continues. Conclusions. The thirteen new biological active compounds (3-(alkylsulfonyl(sulfinyl))-4-R-1,2,4-triazole-5-il)(phenyl)methanols have been synthesized. Their structure has been confirmed using modern methods of analysis.

Проведено системний аналіз агрегованої структури енергоактивного об'єкта, з багаторівневою складністю опису системи. Обґрунтовано складність задач функціонування, управління режимом. Важливою проблемою є розв'язання задач ідентифікації рівня ризиків і причин виникнення кризових та аварійних ситуацій оперативним персональним АСУ-ТП. Відповідно така проблемна задача потребує певного рівня адекватного мислення, яке забезпечило б оператору уявити в полі свого зору схему взаємодії всіх агрегатів об'єкта від входу до виходу, фізичні й енергетичні перетворення під час технологічного процесу, здатність оцінити зміст ситуації і сформувати базис прийняття рішень. Сформовано інформаційний образ, ситуації та причинно-наслідкову діаграму впливу управлінських дій і факторів збурення на режим функціонування об'єкта. Розглянуто базові моделі опису систем, які ґрунтуються на концепціях опису та відображення зв'язків між об'єктами і компонентами: структурного аналізу; теоретико-множинні представлення; категорно-функторні моделі. У цих моделях базовими є множини компонент і відношення між ними, що відображають організацію системи загалом, яку повинен сприйняти оператор у процесі виконання службових завдань управління агрегованим об'єктом згідно з цільовим завданням логіко-графовим та алгебраїчним. Сформовано структурні образи в понятійному базисі, в якому виділено найістотніші аспекти структури і функціонування об'єкта, параметри, характеристики, зв'язки, області впливу ресурсних факторів, дії на конструкції агрегатів, що повинно бути освоєно і відображено в полі уваги і пам'яті (оперативній, глибинній) когнітивної системи оператора з відповідною підготовкою і базою знань, необхідних для виконання управлінських дій під час оперативного управління енергоактивним об'єктом у структурі теплової електростанції. Розглянуто підходи, методи, моделі подання знань про структуру системи з енергоактивними об'єктами, які є носіями забруднення екологічного середовища. Обґрунтовано схему інтерпретації термінальних діаграм, категорних та Ікасави для аналізу стадій фізико-хімічних процесів у технологічному агрегаті, водному середовищі, атмосфері і ґрунті, екологічного середовища енергоактивних об'єктів. Це є інформаційною і системною підставою для створення структури системи моніторингу навколишньої екосистеми, яка повинна враховувати особливості технологічних процесів, хімію реагентів, режими функціонування об'єктів згідно з державними директивами і законами.

The purpose of this work - evaluation of clinical efficacy of treatment-and-prophylactic complex in patients with chronic herpetic infection who need dental implantation. Materials and methods. A group of patients consisted from 35 people with persistent chronic herpes infection who need dental implantation was examined in dynamics of treatment-and-prophylactic complex using (Amyksyn®ІC drug for prevention scheme (according to the manual) before implants placement and the preparation with antioxidant activity Quertulin according to the scheme of treatment postoperatively). Results. Patients in the main group demonstrated a decrease in the inflammatory process activity and the local immune response improvement. On the 7th day after implantation the activity of catalase increased by 32.1% compared to the initial indices, on the 21st day after the implantation - it reached the level of the control group. Elastase activity decreased on the 7th day in 2.4 times, on the 21st day – in 7.1 times as much as compared to the rate before the start of the complex usage. Lysozyme activity decreased on the 7th day by 60.3%, on the 21st day — in 2 times. Urease activity decreased on the 7th day by 47.9%, on the 21st day - by 77.1% and reached the level of the control group. The level of malonic dialdehyde decreased on the 7th day by 40.0%, on the 21st day - by 63.1% as compared with the control. AP-index reached the level of the control group by the 21st day after implantation. Glycoproteins and sialic acids levels decreased as compared to the rate before the use already on the 7th day by 21.9 and 21.0% respectively; on the 21st day the parameters reached the level of the control group. The content of IL-1 and IL-6 are significantly reduced on the 7th day by 52.9 and 29.0%, on the 21st day - by 62.2 and 31.8% as compared to the control group. IL-4 level increased on the 7th day of treatment by 23.2% and by 60.7% - on the 21st day after implantation. Conclusions. The dynamics of oral liquid biochemical parameters of people with persistent chronic herpes infection during dental implantation indicates proper efficiency of the treatment and prophylactic complex. Positive changes can be explained by synergy effects of drugs, which are able to significantly reduce inflammatory markers and the level of enzyme activity, which reflect the degree of bacterial contamination and antioxidant status of oral fluid, and are able to increase the activity of non-specific immune and antioxidant protection.

Measurements of the transmission of neutrons through two samples of 235U and Cd, which are simultaneously on neutron beam, with different sequence of their location for different exposure times of the samples on the beam, are performed. Previously observed difference in these transmissions is confirmed – asymmetry of transmission. The purpose of the measurements is to determine the lifetime of the expected metastable states, to explain the observed asymmetry of transmission. Based on the results of asymmetry of transmission measurements, it was found that it is less than 5 s.

Treatment and prevention of inflammatory diseases of parodontium are one of the most difficult problems in stomatology today. Purpose of research: estimation of clinical efficiency of local combined application of developed agent apigel for oral cavity care and low-frequency electromagnetic field magnetotherapy at treatment of inflammatory diseases of parodontium. Materials and methods: 46 patients with chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis and chronic generalized periodontitis of 1st degree were included into the study. Patients were divided into 2 groups depending on treatment management: basic (n = 23) and control (n = 23). Conventional treatment with the local use of the dental gel with camomile was used in the control group. Patients of the basic group were treated with local combined application of apigel and magnetotherapy. Efficiency was estimated with clinical, laboratory, microbiological and functional (ultrasonic Doppler examination) methods of examination. Results: The application of the apigel and pulsating electromagnetic field in the complex medical treatment of patients with chronic generalized periodontitis (GhGP) caused positive changes in clinical symptom and condition of parodontal tissues, that was accompanied by decline of hygienic and parodontal indexes. As compared with patients who had traditional anti-inflammatory therapy, patients who were treated with local application of apigel and magnetoterapy had decline of edema incidence. It was revealed that decrease of the pain correlated with improvement of hygienic condition of oral cavity and promoted prevention of bacterial contamination of damaged mucous membranes. Estimation of microvasculatory blood stream with the method of ultrasonic doppler flowmetry revealed more rapid normalization of volume and linear high systole, speed of blood stream in the parodontal tissues in case of use of new complex local method. Conclusions: Effect of the developed local agent in patients with inflammatory diseases of parodontium restore gingival sulcus microbiocenosis and structural-functional state of parodontium.

Цель работы. Исследование возможности применения пространственного электрического поля для создания теплового барьера с целью улучшения турбулентного движения газов в рабочем пространстве камерной печи и увеличения их плотности в зоне расположения нагреваемой садки металла. Методы исследований. С помощью комплекса программ, позволяющих прогнозировать с учетом турбулентности потоков движение печных газов, проведены расчетные исследования полей их скоростей в камере. Полученные результаты. Выполнено расчетное исследование турбулентного движения продуктов сгорания в камерной печи. Получено картину полей скоростей газов в рабочем объеме и проведен анализ по эффективности их использования в зоне расположения металлических изделий, которые нагреваются. Установлено, что основная часть теплоты нагревает верхнюю часть печи и только потом опускается вниз камеры, где газы незначительной плотности контактируют с металлом, при этом большее их количество просто удаляется через дымовые окна, не отдав теплоты. Последнее приводит к перерасходу первичного энергоресурса и уменьшения энергетической эффективности печи в целом. Предложено создать тепловой барьер путем направления некоторого количества последних перпендикулярно той их части, которые удаляются из печи. Управляющим воздействием в данном случае служит указанное соотношение объемов газов. Результаты моделирования циркуляционного движения печных газов при наличии теплового барьера показали, что их массовый расход вблизи заготовки растет, а это свидетельствует о возможности достижения нужной температуры металла при меньшем расходе природного газа. Научная новизна. Впервые доказано, что применять тепловой барьер целесообразно путем создания пространственного электрического поля в камере печи между горелкой и садкой металла. Практическая ценность. Внедрение предложенного способа создания теплового барьера с помощью пространственного электрического поля может способствовать повышению энергоэффективности камерных печей.

Проведене комплексне клініко–лабораторне обстеження 155 пацієнтів з приводу лейкоплакії ротової порожнини. У 25 пацієнтів з приводу верукозної та ерозивно–виразкової форми лейкоплакії проведене хірургічне лікування з використанням ербієвого лазера. Застосування лазерного випромінювання сприяло прискоренню процесів загоєння операційної рани, зменшенню ризику виникнення запальних гнійних ускладнень, профілактиці рецидивів захворювання.

The second part of the essay about zemstvo doctor, V.T. Skrylnikov elucidates his fruitful activity in the field of balneology: study and popularization of therapeutic properties of the so-called "Timofeev clay", publication of his "Seasonal Bulletin of Slaviansk mineral water ". We describe recent years of the doctor’s life, complicatedwith the disease and severe family affairs. The grateful memoriesof his fellow doctors about himare listed.

For the first time the article introduces to the reader biography of one of the founders of the Yekaterinoslav Medical Society, a local doctor, author of numerous scientific papers on medicine and hygiene VasiliyTimofeevich Skrylnikov. The first part provides previously unknown details about his origin, the work as the head of the free zemstvo clinic, highlights his proposals in the field of sanitary service of the city Yekaterinoslav, wide publishing activities. The aspects of V.T. Skrylnikov’s service on guardianship of orphans, and the initiative to create Yekaterinoslav Department of Russian society of public health are touched upon.

Рассматривается организация памяти интеллектуальных систем в виде растущих пирамидальных сетей (РПС), обеспечивающая формирование понятия, иерархическое упорядочение, классификацию вводимой информации. Приведены алгоритм построения РПС при вводе признаковых описаний объектов по частям, а также результаты применения РПС для анализа данных в химии и материаловедении.

Рівень дитячої смертності в Україні прогресивно знижується протягом останнього десятиріччя, але лишається дуже високим у порівнянні з країнами Європейського Союзу. Показник смертності немовлят першого року життя в Україні у 2,5-3 рази вищий, ніж у країнах ЄС, при цьому рівень смертності новонароджених протягом першого місяця життя перевищує середньоєвропейський у 6,6 разів. Це свідчить про суттєве відставання нашої країни у впровадженні сучасних стандартів надання медичної допомоги як вагітним жінкам, так і новонародженим з використанням сучасних методологій діагностики та лікування. Одним з найбільш ефективних напрямків діяльності, яка забезпечила суттєве зниження рівня дитячої смертності та інвалідності у розвинутих країнах світу стало впровадження розширеного масового скринінгу новонароджених з метою виявлення спадкових хвороб обміну речовин (СХОР) – орфанних захворювань, які виникають внаслідок генетичних дефектів ферментів. Наявність СХОР, зазвичай, не вдається встановити при лікарському огляді новонароджених через відсутність клінічних симптомів. Діагностують СХОР двома способами: (і) по клінічним проявам у формі «катастроф неонатального періоду» та синдрому раптової смерті немовлят, (іі) по результатам біохімічного обстеження крові новонароджених (скринінгу). Затримка або помилки в діагностиці цих захворювань часто призводять до незворотних пошкоджень багатьох органів і, в першу чергу, головного мозку (неврологічні порушення, психічний регрес, слабоумство). Неонатальний скринінг – вимірювання у крові новонароджених концентрацій певного набору речовин, які характеризують ключові процеси білкового, вуглеводного та ліпідного обміну з метою раннього виявлення і початку лікування дітей зі СХОР та запобігання їх інвалідизації було розпочато у 60-х роках минулого століття у США з однієї хвороби – фенілкетонурії. Сьогодні програми неонатального скринінгу впроваджені більш, ніж в 50 країнах світу та забезпечують діагностику понад 45 СХОР. Значне (у 8-10 разів) розширення кількості СХОР, що можуть бути виявлені при дослідженні висушених на фільтрувальному папері плям крові, стало можливим завдяки впровадженню високопродуктивного методу тандемної мас-спектрометрії (ТМС) наприкінці 90-х років минулого століття. На відміну від імунофлюорометричного методу, який дозволяє визначати один показник в одній пробі крові, ТМС дозволяє вимірювати концентрації декількох десятків речовин в одній пробі крові. На теперішній час в Україні скринінг новонароджених впроваджено лише для 4 захворювань: фенілкетонурії, вродженого гіпотиреозу, адреногенітального синдрому та муковісцидозу, який проводиться з використанням низькопродуктивного імунофлюорометричного методу. В окремих випадках розширений скринінг новонароджених з використанням методу ТМС виконується на комерційній основі в зарубіжних лабораторіях. При цьому, згідно з Законом України № 2461 «Про забезпечення профілактики та лікування рідкісних захворювань» від 15.04.2014 та Наказами МОЗУ № 778 від 27.10.2014, № 919 від 30.12.2015 та № 731 від 29.06.2017, «Перелік рідкісних (орфанних) захворювань, що призводять до скорочення тривалості життя хворих або їх інвалідизації та для яких існують визнані методи лікування» включає більше, ніж 60 спадкових хвороб обміну речовин. Це свідчить про значне відставання нашої країни в питанні, яке, крім етичного та медичного, має важливе соціальне та економічне значення. Ключовим питанням впровадження розширеного скринінгу новонароджених з використанням високопродуктивного і точного методу ТМС в Україні є відсутність у державних медико-генетичних лабораторіях сучасного аналітичного обладнання та допоміжної інфраструктури, а також фахівців-аналітиків з певним рівнем підготовки. ТМС – технічно складний метод, який вимагає використання коштовного вакуумного та хроматографічного обладнання, спеціального програмного забезпечення, реагентів з ізотопними мітками, високочистих газів, сервісного обслуговування з залученням закордонних фахівців, а також кваліфікованого персоналу. З огляду на наявність приватної клініко-діагностичної лабораторії, яка виконує ТМС-аналізи в Україні, а не транспортує біоматеріал в закордонні лабораторії та здатна виконувати весь комплекс досліджень першого (масового) етапу скринінгу, а також уточнюючу діагностику СХОР з використанням методів газової хроматографії/мас-спектрометрії, високоефективної рідинної хроматографії, визначення активності ферментів та молекулярно-генетичні дослідження, у вересні 2017 р. було розпочато розробку Програми удосконалення діагностики спадкових хвороб обміну речовин у новонароджених і дітей старшого віку в Україні. Ініціаторами цієї Програми є Національна академія медичних наук України, ВГО «Асоціація педіатрів України», ВГО «Асоціація неонатологів України», ДУ «ІПАГ імені академіка О.М. Лук’янової НАМН України», медичні університети та регіональні лікувально-профілактичні заклади. Мета Програми – розширення до 29 нозологій переліку спадкових хвороб обміну речовин, які виявляються у новонароджених та дітей старшого віку, забезпечення своєчасного медичного супроводу та лікування виявлених хворих, що дозволить знизити рівень неонатальної, малюкової й дитячої смертності та інвалідності. Програма базується на наступних принципах: (і) чіткий розподіл відповідальності виконавців, регламентований робочими процесами та процедурами скринінгу; (іі) електронний документообіг з фіксацією руху біоматеріалу від моменту відбору до видачі результатів лабораторних визначень, документування результатів їх експертної оцінки та прийнятого рішення стосовно подальших дій; (ііі) документований зворотній зв'язок з замовником досліджень з повідомленням результатів та їх експертної оцінки; (iv) створення інформаційної бази даних для розрахунку граничних рівнів концентрацій маркерних сполук (cut-off) для української популяції з метою зниження кількості хибно-негативних та хибно-позитивних визначень. Фінансування Програми планується здійснювати за рахунок коштів регіональних бюджетів, позабюджетних фондів, власних коштів батьків. Виконання підготовчого етапу Програми було розпочато на весні 2018 року. Запуск пілотної частини Програми у 5 регіонах: м. Київ, Київська область, Луганська та Донецька області та м. Чернівці, – запланований у квітні 2019 р. Розширення Програми по всій території України планується завершити наприкінці 2020 року.

Рассмотрены задачи криптографического шифрования двоичной информации в терминах алгебраической теории кодов с коррекцией ошибок. Показано единство процедур шифрования и кодирования, на основе чего может быть получен обширный класс новых алгоритмов криптозащиты.

Aim. We have continued the study of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives, which contain 2-, 3- , 4-methoxyphenyl or 3,4,5- methoxyphenyl substituents in 5th position of the triazole nucleus. An acute toxicity has been investigated for 11 eleven different classes of synthesized compounds based on heterocyclic triazole system. Methods. Investigations have been carried out using white Wistar rats. Five groups of animals have been used to determine LD50 of 5-R-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones and its derivatives. Two observations have been set for each group using a previous dose and the next one. Conclusion. The obtained results show that LD50values of new 1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones derivatives which contain methoxyphenyl substituents in 5th position of the triazole nucleus, are in rage 304±65-1245±197 mg/kg. Investigated compounds are low-toxic or non-toxic substances according to Sidorov classification. The presence and nature of substituents at the 1,2,4-triazole nucleus and nature of substituents connected with Sulfur in third position of 1,2,4-triazole nucleus affect the acute toxicity of 5-R-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones and its derivatives.

Shevchuk Yu. G. Особливості комп’ютерно-томографічних параметрів передніх рогів бічних шлуночків головного мозку у здорових юнаків і дівчат різних соматотипів = Features of computed tomography parameters of anterior horn of the lateral ventricle of brain in healthy boys and girls with various somatotypes. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(11):356-362. ISSN 2391-8306. DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.34098 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%2811%29%3A356-362 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/671001 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 25.09.2015. Revised 25.10.2015. Accepted: 20.11.2015. УДК 616-073.756.8:612.824-053.7:616.853 Особливості комп’ютерно-томографічних параметрів передніх рогів бічних шлуночків головного мозку у здорових юнаків і дівчат різних соматотипів FEATURES OF computed tomography PARAMETERS OF anterior horn of the lateral ventricle OF BRAIN IN HEALTHY boys and girls WITH various SOMATOTYPES Ю. Г. Шевчук Yu. G. Shevchuk Вінницький національний медичний університет імені М.І.Пирогова, м. Вінниця Vinnitsa National Medical University named after Pirogov, Vinnitsa Summary In the boys and girls of different somatotypes defined features computed tomographic parameters of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricles of the brain. In boys endo-mesomorph found significantly greater length of the anterior horn of the right and left lateral ventricles, compared with boys of mesomorphic somatotype and middle intermediate and longer distance between the front horns of the lateral ventricles in young men with an average somatotype intermediate compared with endo-mesomorph. In girls mesomorph found significantly greater length of the anterior horn of the right and left lateral ventricles compared to girls endo and endo-mesomorph. The rest of the parameters of the anterior horns of the lateral ventricles both in boys and girls with different somatotypes had no significant differences or trends to performance. Кey words: boys, girls, somatotype, brain, anterior horn, lateral ventricles, computed tomography. Резюме У юнаків і дівчат різних соматотипів визначено особливості комп’ютерно-томографічних параметрів передніх рогів бічних шлуночків головного мозку. У юнаків ендо-мезоморфів встановлено достовірно більшу довжину переднього рогу правого і лівого бічних шлуночків порівняно із юнаками із мезоморфним і середнім проміжним соматотипом та більшу відстань між передніми рогами бічних шлуночків у юнаків із середнім проміжним соматотипом порівняно із ендо-мезоморфами. У дівчат мезоморфів встановлено достовірно більшу довжину переднього рогу правого і лівого бічних шлуночків порівняно із дівчатами ендо-та ендо-мезоморфами. Решта параметрів передніх рогів бічних шлуночків як у юнаків, так і у дівчат різних соматотипів не мали достовірних або тенденцій до відмінностей показників. Ключові слова: юнаки, дівчата, соматотип, головний мозок, передні роги, бічні шлуночки, комп’ютерна томографія. Резюме ОСОБЕННОСТИ КОМПЬЮТЕРНО-ТОМОГРАФИЧЕСКИХ ПАРАМЕТРОВ передних рогов боковых желудочков ГОЛОВНОГО МОЗГА У ЗДОРОВЫХ ЮНОШЕЙ И ДЕВУШЕК РАЗНЫХ соматотипов. У юношей и девушек разных соматотипов определены особенности компьютерно-томографических параметров передних рогов боковых желудочков головного мозга. У юношей эндо-мезоморфов установлено достоверно большую длину переднего рога правого и левого боковых желудочков по сравнению с юношами с мезоморфным и средним промежуточным соматотипом и большее расстояние между передними рогами боковых желудочков у юношей со средним промежуточным соматотипом по сравнению с эндо-мезоморфами. У девушек мезоморфов установлено достоверно большую длину переднего рога правого и левого боковых желудочков по сравнению с девушками эндо- и эндо-мезоморфами. Остальные параметры передних рогов боковых желудочков как у юношей, так и у девушек разных соматотипов не имели достоверных или тенденций к различиям показателей. Ключевые слова: юноши, девушки, соматотип, головной мозг, передние рога, боковые желудочки, компьютерная томография.

The results of processing and analysis of spectral observations of exoplanet system HD189733 are presented in the paper. The system consists of spectral type K1–K2 star and one extrasolar planet transiting across the star disk. Four object spectra were obtained with spectral resolution R=45000. High resolution coude-echelle spectrograph locating on the 2-meter mirror telescope Zeiss-2000 at the peak Terskol Observatory was used. It was detected increasing of depth and equivalent width of absorbing lines Hα, Hβ, Hγ, Hδ, H & K CaII, Na I D2 & D1 in spectra obtaining during transit and directly after that as compared with spectra obtaining during 30 minutes immediately before transit. Central emissions in H & K CaII lines were detected in all obtaining spectra.

The article is concerned with the increasing importance of computer technologies and the need to educatean engineer at the level of modern advances in science and technology. New methods and technologies of learning based on the training of competitive engineers are considered. The teaching and methodological support of the didactic process of the professional training for the engineering students is presented and characterized: the motivation tasks for laboratory training and for calculating-and-graphic assignments, the individual card for the organization of the student's work, the methodical guidances. Examples of motivational tasks used for laboratory training are provided: the solution of the search tasks of linear programming, the simulation modeling of the optimal tax rates. The most effective ways to organize learning process using computer technologies for the vocational training of engineering students are indicated.

Purpose. Pearlite is not accepted in the microstructure of wear resistant steels and cast irons. To prevent the pearlite by means of appropriate selection of mode of quenching requires the knowledge of the temperature of the critical points Ac1 and Ac3 for various steels and cast irons. Purpose of work is determine the effect of V (5-10%) and Cr (up to 9%) on the temperature range of the phase-structural transformation "pearlite®austenite in the complex-alloyed V-Cr-Mn-Ni white cast irons with spheroidal vanadium carbides. Methodology. Nine Mg-treated cast irons smelted in laboratory furnace were used for investigation. The metallographic and optical dilatometric analysis methods as well as energy-dispersive spectroscopy were used. Findings. It is shown that in irons studied the critical point Ac1 is in a temperature range from 710-780 °C (lower limit) up to 730-850 °C (upper limit). The data on the concentrations of chromium and vanadium in a matrix of iron are presented, the regression equation describing the effect of vanadium and chromium on the temperature limits of the transformation «pearlite ® austenite» are obtained. Originality. It is shown that increase the chromium content leads to growth of lower and upper limits of the temperature interval of transformation "pearlite ® austenite"; vanadium increases only the upper limit of the range. It was found that the effect of chromium on the critical point Ac1 is attributed to its solubility in the metallic matrix (concentration of Cr in the austenite reaches 7%); vanadium, due to its slight dissolution in the matrix (vanadium content does not exceed 1.75%), affects the critical point indirectly by increasing of chromium concentration in the matrix due to enhanced carbon sequestration in VC carbides. Practical value. The temperature ranges of heating for quenching of V-Cr-Mn-Ni cast irons with spheroidal vanadium carbides, which provides the formation of austenitic-martensitic matrix without pearlite, is transformation proposed.

New salts of 2-(5-(4-methoxyphenyl(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl))-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylthio)-acetic acids have been synthesized. The structure has been proven and the physical-chemical properties and actoprotective activity of the synthesized compounds have been studied. The relationship between the structure of the obtained salts and actoprotective activity has been detected. Compounds with expressed activity, have been found among the synthesized compounds and can be recommended for further study in order to introduce into medical practice as original medicines.

Purpose. High chromium cast irons with austenitic matrix have low machinability. The aim of work is search of new energy-saving modes of preliminary softening heat treatment enhancing the machinability of castings by forming an optimum microstructure. Methodology. Metallographic analysis, hardness testing and machinability testing are applied. Findings. It was found out that high temperature annealing with continuous cooling yields to martensite-austenite matrix in cast iron 270Х15Г2Н1MPhT, which abruptly affects the machinability of cast iron. Significant improvement of machinability is achieved by forming of structure "ferrite + granular carbides" and by decline of hardness to 37-39 HRC in the case of two-stage isothermal annealing in the subcritical temperature range or by the use of quenching and tempering (two-step or cyclic). Originality. It was found that the formation of the optimal structure of the matrix and achievement of desired hardness level needed for improving machinability of high chromium cast iron containing 3 % austenite-forming elements, can be obtained: 1) due to pearlite original austenite followed by spherodization eutectoid carbides, and 2) by getting predominantly martensite structure followed by the decay of martensite and carbides coagulation at high-temperature tempering. Practical value. The new energy-saving schemes of softening heat treatment to ensure the growth of machinability of high chromium cast iron, alloyed by higher quantity of austenite forming elements, are proposed.

The clinical and instrumental features of carditis in infants with congenital toxoplasmosis in dynamics of disease have been investigated. The long-term existence of cardiac rhythm disorders and cardiac remodeling has been shown.

Статья посвящена проблематике выявления незначительных изменений в характере почвенного покрова с помощью динамической модели, описывающей взаимодействие колориметрических параметров. На приведенном примере цифрового космического снимка участка поверхности показано использование системных эффектов для целей демаскировки нарушение почвенного покрова.