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From the great variety of methods to improve the efficiency of cutting tools, it is necessary to highlight the methods of applying wear-resistant coatings, which in recent years are increasingly used. Applying wear-resistant coatings on the cutting tool can significantly increase its efficiency and intensify machining modes. Mechanisms of strengthening the wear-resistant coating for materials have been analyzed under the impact of technological parameters of coating condensation process on its structure parameters and mechanical properties, formation of single and multi-element coatings based on titanium nitrides, aluminum, and silicon, the transformation of coating properties by obtaining complex coatings, and principles formation of complex coatings designed for different cutting tools. The influence of the coating on the mechanical properties of high-speed steel is shown. In the magnetron sputtering coatings on P6M5 steel samples, the microhardness of the coatings is TiN – 20–24 GPa, AlN – up to 16 GPa, TiAlN – up to 35 GPa, AlTiN – up to 32 GPa, TiAlSiN – 32–37 GPa, including while the microhardness of the substrate of steel P6M5 – 6–9 GPa. The microhardness of TiAlN and TiAlSiN coatings applied on an instrumental basis is 1,5 – 1,9 times higher than the microhardness of TiN, AlN coatings. It was found that the wear intensity of P6M5 steel without coating is 6 times higher than with AlTiN, TiAlN, and TiAlSiN coating, 3 times higher than with TiN and AlN coating. The coated tool is characterized by increased reliability and higher stability and allows the processing process with higher cutting modes.

One of the methods for increasing the complexity of chromium steel properties of martensitic class AISI 420 is the use of an optimal heat treatment mode. The steel of martensitic class AISI 420 has high resistance in atmospheric conditions (except for the sea atmosphere), in the river, and tap water. It is widely used in power engineering, in cracking units with a long service life at temperatures up to 500 °C, for furnace parts. Additionally, it is used in the following fields: the production of turbine blades, working in conditions of high temperatures and parts of increased plasticity, subject to shock loads, for products exposed to atmospheric precipitation, solutions of organic salts and other slightly aggressive environments; production of fasteners; production of parts for compressor machines operating with inert gas; production of parts operating at low temperatures in corrosive environments; production of parts for aviation purposes. It is shown that the optimal mode of heat treatment for a maximum hardness of 40 HRC is quenching at a temperature of 980 °C with cooling in oil and tempering at a temperature of 200 °C with air cooling. With an increase in the tempering temperature from 200 °C to 450–500°C, the impact strength does not change much. Tempering at higher temperatures leads to the intense weakening of the steel. Simultaneously, a decrease in the impact strength is observed, the minimum value is reached at a tempering temperature of 550 °C. With an increase in the tempering temperature to 700 °C, the impact toughness increases, but the steel’s hardness sharply decreases at such temperatures.

The paper is devoted to the search for technological methods of increasing the resistance of the stamp tool for hot deformation. New non-standard combinations of cyclization schemes and parameters of thermocycling processing within the regime were developed. This is allowed the creation of managed structural states in the metal due to the grinding of grain, the creation of high density of defects, and the acceleration of diffusion processes to effectively manage the structure, increase the mechanical, operational properties and prevent the destruction of the working surfaces of the tool. New modes of thermocycling treatment, which have a positive effect on the mechanical characteristics of HNM5 steel, have been developed and tested. The conducted heat treatment in experimental modes, consisting of thermocycling treatment as a preliminary, quenching and tempering as the final, allows obtaining a more homogeneous structure with the preservation of fine grain and a given hardness. The grain size of the steel HNM5 structure after the use of thermocycling treatment decreases from 5–6 to 7–8 points, and after the final heat treatment – to 9–10 points.

In this paper, the influence of the parameters of the technological process of mechanical activation on the physical characteristics of the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) matrix is investigated. The paper presents a mathematical model of the dependence of breaking strength on the time of activation and rotating speed of working organs of a mill. Mathematical modeling is performed by the method of orthogonal experiment planning. The result of the study was a mathematical relation that explains the connection between the technical characteristics of the process of manufacturing a fluoroplastic composite and the mechanical characteristics of the material. The statistical analysis of the experimental results is performed and the adequacy of the mathematical relations obtained is estimated. On the basis of the analysis of the obtained data, it can be concluded that the theoretical model obtained is adequate and suitable for performing the corresponding technological calculations. On the basis of the performed calculations, the conclusion is reached on the optimal technological mode of preparing the PTFE-matrix. The analysis shows that theoretical calculations confirm the experimental value of technological indicators under optimal operating conditions of the mill. Thus, the obtained dependence of breaking strength from the technological parameters of the activation process can be embedded in the algorithm for selecting the technological mode that ensures the output of products with specified quality indicators.