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Показана можливість інтенсифікації флотаційного виділення пеларгонової кислоти (ПК) з її високодисперсних емульсій за допомогою флокулянту - поліакриламіду (ПАА) та коагулянту - алюміній сульфату. Встановлено, що кінетика флотації ПК описується рівнянням першого порядку. При переході від безреагентної флотації ПК до флотації за допомогою ПАА значення константи швидкості зростає в 1,4-1,8 разів, а оптимальний час флотації скорочується від 25 до 7 хв. Добавлення коагулянту (4 мг/л), перед добавленням до емульсії ПАА, знижує залішкову концентрацію ПК від 300 до 30 мг/л. В інтервалі рН 2-6 ПК флотується в формі флокул у режимі піночної флотації, а в інтервалі рН 9-12 - в формі калій пеларгонату в режимі пінної флотації. Проведено аналіз впливу рН середовища на ефективність флотаційного виділення ПК у присутності ПАА за допомогою теорії ДЛФО.

Positive effect of anion collectors additives — alkylcarboxylates potassium (ACP) on process of tributylphosphate (TBP) flotation isolation from its emulsions is positioned. Optimum ACP is 14 mg/dm3. The most effective collector is potassium myr-istate in which presence the maximum degree of extraction (amax) desired conditions of experiment is 90 %. Bulk TBP (75-95 % from a ) is extraction for the first 10 min of a flotation. The kinetics of flotation process is described by the equation of the first order. Values of kinetic constants lay within 0,04-0,08 min-1. The time necessary for achievement a is 20-25 min. The fullest TBP is extraction from alkaline medium (pH 9-12).

In the study the problem of optimal personality functioning is regarded. The theoretical background of the OPF in different approaches shows that the existing a general understanding of OPF is too wide and more concrete approaches to it include different components regarding the views of the authors to the personality. The humanistic approach to the personality views OPF in terms of personal growth, self-actualization, autonomy, values and goals. The model of OPF, consisting of two domains, is proposed. These domains are C. Ryff`s model of psychological well-being and S. Maddi’s hardiness. Both constructs grew out of humanistic views on human nature and have theoretical and empirical background. Trust is regarded as an important predictor of OPF. Despite the existing personality development theories, which postulate that trust is the basic disposition for personality functioning and it influences its interactions with the world, we observe the lack of empirical studies devoted to trust as a well-being or OPF predictor. The empirical study of indexes of OPF (consisting of PWB and hardiness) and trust at the sample of students was provided. The data of correlation analysis, regression analysis and structural modelling empirically confirm the validity of model of OPF, including domains of PWB and Hardiness. We also provide the evidence of importance of general trust and self-trust for OPF.

Size-consist and electrokinetic effects in heterogenic system generated by flotation-with-carrier water cleaning from Cr (VI) ions experimentally researched. Based on fundamental principles of DLVO Theory ascertained that effectiveness of flotation cleaning is determining by molecular attraction (Um) and electrostatic repulsion (Ui) forces balance between dispersion phase particles of test system. Approved that water can be definitely (98%) purified from Cr (VI) oxoanions (CrО42-) by flotation-with-carrier, which are previously precipitated with over equivalent amount of barium chloride (1.25 mole ВаCl2/ 1 mole К2CrО4) using as carrier a fine-dispersed paraffin (paraffin consumption is 6.31g/ 1 g BaCrO4). Determined that belaying of positive paraffin particles onto bubbles simplified by their negative charge. Total interaction energy (U = Um + Ui) between sublat particles (paraffin and barium chloride particle aggregate) and air bubbles is equal to zero upon optimal carrier consumption conditions. This points to the predominance of intermolecular attraction forces between converging particles of dispersion phase, which leads to their enlargement and as a consequence to more solid belaying onto air-bubbles surface and treated solution surface. Considering that electrolyte concentration with interaction energy hump between spherical particles is on the X-line (U = 0) and is critical, in other words causes quick disperse system coagulation; and the condition k∙Нс ≈ 2 must be met (where Нс is critical distance between particles). Computation of Нс value were performed for test flotation system: κ ∙Нс = 1,05∙106 cm-1 × 1,89∙10-6 cm = 1,99. Obtained result can lend evidence that in conditions of equal amounts of precipitator and chrome oxo anions, and optimal carrier consumption, each sublat particles collision with bubbles will lead__to heterocoagulation. Under precipitator consumption less than 1 mole ВаCl2/ 1 mole К2CrО4 Cr(VI) recovery ratio is not exceed 40%. In that case sublat and air bubbles interaction carries in sufficiently deep (-(40-50) kT) distal potential minimum. In such conditions remains the film of dispersion medium between bubble and particle, which promotes the detachment action forces of sublat particles from floating bubbles surface. Moreover in case of low precipitator consumption there is some excess amount of carrier particles which are not linked with extracted ion. In accordance with mentioned carrier particles will be extracted primarily. Under highest than optimal precipitator consumption the potential of sublat particles raising is observed, and as consequence the ion-electrostatic barrier of repulsion (Ui=10-20 kT) between them is observed. There is water layer between sublat particles remains in such conditions. This is showed by deep (over 100 kT) potential minimums on the curves. As a result on the solution surface there is crumbly coagulum visually observed, which is destroyed by floating bubbles and carried into treated solution volume due to air agitation.

The article provides the results of studies of flotation separation of scandium and lanthanum by transforming them into oxalate complexes (oxalate) followed by flotation using cationic collector – dodecylamine chloride. The kinetics of flotation isolation of scandium and lanthanum from their binary solutions has two stages and it is described by the equation of the first order. The rate constants are in the range 0,073-0,015 min-1 (pH = 3) and 0,108-0,029 min- 1 (pH = 6). The essential role in the process of flotation separation of scandium and lanthanum oxalate are playing the stability of their complexes and complexes affinity to the collector.The maximum value of the separation (KSc, La=12,1) is observed in the case of: triply complexes М(С2О4)33- of scandium and lanthanum, slightly alkaline medium (pH = 6) and flow collectorin the quantity 150% of the stoichiometrically required for binding of scandium (as morelighter REE) as a compound of (RNH3)+3[M(С2О4)3]3-.

There thermogravimetric study of foam product at the flotation extraction of cop­per and nickel ions by wax peat results are described. It shown that oxidizing roasting of foam products (i.e. hydrated soaps of polyvalent metals) proceeds in several steps. At the first step (t

The kinetics of the adsorption of lanthanum ions superfine particles of peat and lignite waxes. It has been shown that the rate of adsorption on a peat wax (3,5 ÷ 1,9 mmol/(g∙min)) is higher than lignite (1,8 ÷ 1,3 mmol/(g∙min)). Found that the adsorption isotherms are complex S- shaped form. And the capacitance values of the monolayer adsorption equilibrium constant in the case of peat ( 255 mmol/g and 1224,5 l/mol, respectively), the wax is higher than in the case of brown coal (85,5 mmol/g and 296,0 l/mol, respectively). The main characteristics of the colloid-chemical suspensions waxes: the most probable radius of the particles (4-5 microns ), their zeta potential ( -50 mV in the case of peat wax – 5mV and – in the case of lignite wax) and the pH of the isoelectric state of the wax particles ( 5,5-5,7 ).

It is positioned, that the flotation mechanism fine-emulsified fatty acids is defined by a sign and value of an electrokinetic potential of fatty acids drops and air bubbles, and also a parity of attractive forces and pushing away between drops and air bubbles which, in turn, are functions pH medium. It is shown, that in the subacidic medium (pH 6) extraction degree makes 97 %, flotation process is described by the kinetic equation of the first order, and interaction of drops and air bubbles is carried out in absence of energy barrier of pushing away between them. At increase in acidity of medium (pH 2) extraction degree decreases to 40 %, order of the kinetic equation changes from the first on the second, and fastening of drops on a surface of air bubbles occurs as a result of distant interaction (in a distant potential minimum on the graph of potential energy of interaction of drops and air bubbles from distances between them).

The high efficiency of the flotoextraction method for the lanthanum compounds removal from dilute aqueous solutions using the thin-emulsified higher carboxylic acids has been established. It is shown that the thin-emulsified decanoic and dodecanoic acids are the best collectors of the lanthanum compounds. The lantanium compounds can be removal using these acids by 90-97 % with a minimum flow of the collector consumption and high speed of the process. With the thin-emulsified heptanoic, octanoic and nonanoic acids the lanthanum compounds can be removaled by 85-93 % under the optimal conditions of the process.

SKRYLEV L.D. (5.01.1935-1.02.1999)