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Today, the issue of studying the mechanisms of the impact of social stress on public health and its role in the formation of key human diseases is relevant and necessary. A large number of works, both clinical observations and experimental studies, are devoted to this problem. However, despite the high interest in this problem, there are still "white spots". Therefore, the purpose of our study was to analyze modern sources of information that highlight current issues of long-term social stress and its role in the formation of "diseases of civilization." Matherials and methods: analysis of scientific publications from the following databases: Google Scholar, Web of Science, Pub Med, by keywords: rats, social stress, diseases of civilization, neuroendocrine regulation, hypothalamus, supraoptic nucleus, paravetricular nucleus. Conclusions: Thus, the analysis of resources shows the undoubted role of stress in the formation of human diseases. Many articles are devoted to the description and analysis of the negative effects of environmental factors and peculiarities of living conditions on human health. Most researchers agree on the key role of the hypothalamus in regulating the body's stress response and the presence of morphofunctional changes associated with stress. It is important to note that scientists have paid much attention to the study of individual models of stress, namely pain, immobilization and hypoxic over the past 20 years. Unfortunately, there are few facts concerning the analysis of the influence of long-term negative social factors that do not cause stereotyped reactions, but form latent changes that are inherent in classical stress reactions.

The article is devoted to the problem of psychological well-being of a personality during the COVID-19 pandemic. The essence of the phenomenon of personality's psychological well-being and its connection with the social situation and social stress is determined. Subjective severity of the impact of the quarantine on their personal lives and psychological well-being differs between respondents in the first group (72 who rated such impact as high) and the second group (149 people who rated the impact as low). It is impossible to draw unambiguous conclusions about the influence of certain socio-psychological and demographic predictors on the perception of psychological well-being. There is a statistically significant relationship between the subjective high assessment of the impact of the coronavirus situation (first group) and the level of education (almost the same for both groups), which may indicate an indirect effect and requires additional verification. The results of the study show that the respondents of the first and second groups experience the period of the COVID-19 pandemic differently, which in general affects the degree of their psychological well-being. The subjects of the first group have less differentiated expectations about the peculiarities of the pandemic situation in the near future and its impact on their lives; they tend to experience asthenic emotions, depressive states, and use ways to overcome stress based on avoidance and social distraction. This is also manifested in the growth of their anxiety and reduces the level of psychological well-being. The subjects of the second group have more differentiated expectations about the peculiarities of the pandemic situation, tend to analyze the circumstances and develop a specific action plan, not prone to anxiety and depression; use problem-oriented ways to overcome stress, which determines in general their fairly high level of psychological wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding social stress is a task of considerable complexity, as it combines collectively shared external factors with internal characteristics unique to individuals. Social stress is also intrinsically connected to social living and is a byproduct of our day-to-day interactions within a social group. In the modern world social stress become seven a weightier problem. Students are systematically exposed to stressors specific to academia, and it has an impact on their health and quality of life. The present publication is based on a quantitative empirical study of stress among the under graduates of different major sat the NaUKMA (N = 100). The data were collected by means of self-administered survey combining questions of open and closed format. Our data show that 94% of students have experienced a stressful situation at least once. Among the most stressful spheres of life the students mention studying at university, romantic relationships, family relationships and work. However, we do not find evidence that the stress experienced by students is chronic in nature. However, respondents indicated that these stressors affect their physical and mental health, mood, self-esteem and their satisfaction with life in a negative way. Another important focus of our study was the NaUKMA students' stress management strategies, namely forms of coping behavior the students in the sample reported to be in use to buffer stress in their daily lives. We find that students systematically engage in various forms of coping to fight off stress and find them effective. Our informants report asking for help and recruiting support from their friends, family members and significant others. Among other popular ways of coping were strategies emphasizing increased selfcontrol, optimism and positive thinking, and trying to invest time into other activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]