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Background. Сaudal epidural blocks — minimally invasive method of treating pain syndromes of the low back through the introduction of drugs into the epidural space through hiatus sacralis. The purpose of the study was to analyze the results of the treatment for pain syndromes of lumbosacral spine in its degenerative-dystrophic diseases by сaudal epidural blocks. Materials and methods. Retrospective analysis was performed in 49 patients (23 men and 26 women) aged 55.4 ± 2.1 years with complaints of low back pain, who were treated by сaudal epidural blocks. Group 1 — 27 persons with protrusions or herniated discs. Group 2 — 22 patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. The period of observation was at least 3 months after the procedure. Evaluation of treatment results was carried out by Visual analogue scale for pain assessment, Roland-Morris indices of the quality of life and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). The number of the procedures performed was 1–3. Results. In group 1, it was marked a persistent regression of pain syndrome from 7.07 ± 1.10 cm to 3.29 ± 1.29 cm after treatment, 4.02 ± 1.64 cm — in 1 month, 4.07 ± 1.81 cm — in 3 months (p < 0.05). In group 2, we observed less pronounced and lasting regression of pain syndrome, from 7.18 ± 1.29 cm to 3.50 ± 1.33 cm after the procedure, 3.86 ± 1.72 cm — in 1 month, 4.18 ± 2.03 cm — in 3 months (p < 0.05). Regression of pain syndrome is also strongly correlated with Roland-Morris indices of the quality of life and ODI. Conclusions. Сaudal epidural block is an effective treatment of low back pain with hernias and protrusions of intervertebral discs, as well as lumbar spinal stenosis. Regression of pain correlated with improvement of quality of life according to the Roland-Morris disability questionnaires and ODI at all stages of monitoring.

Spondylolisthesis is a complex and variable disease pathophysiological entity that has long been the subject of numerous investigations. The complexity of the disorder and the variety of treatment methods require an effective classification system that is easy to remember and use in practice. Classification systems have undergone many modifications ranging from Meyerding's system by Taylard, Newman, Wiltse, Meschan to the Spine Deformity Study Group (SDSG), whose formulation seems to be complex, but is simple to use. Many classification systems are still widely used so different treatment strategies can be defined. Hence the knowledge of individual systems is required for effective recognition and treatment of this defect of the spine. This article discusses several successive classification systems for vertebral grading, which are in addition to the previously presented classification.

Spondylolisthesis is a disease of the locomotive organs associated with instability of the vertebral column. The mechanism of this pathology is based on the dislocation (subluxation) of the vertebrae along with the whole spine higher up front to the lower body vertebral. This condition usually causes complete loss of spine stability, decreased patient performance, appearance of pain, and possible presentation of various neurological symptoms. The most common localization of the spondylolisthesis is lumbosacral joint. The characteristic feature of the spondylolisthesis is that it is unique to the human race. There are many classification of spondylolisthesis, taking into account different variables, including the etiology of their formation, location, degree of slippage or aggravation of ailments. Each of these classifications gives you the opportunity to assess the severity of the disease, allowing you to plan for effective treatment.

The analysis of application of medical physical culture is resulted in a physical rehabilitation at the osteochondrosis of the lumbosacral spine. Reasons of origin and clinical displays of disease are examined. The mechanism of medical influence of physical exercises and description of the motive modes is lighted up. Exercises are neat taking into account the period of disease, by the features of his flowing and functional state of patient. It is marked that the increasing trained provides an organism adaptation to loadings and results in liquidation of violations.