Search

The experience of many years of research shows the high tectonic activity of the North-Western Black Sea coast (NWBSC) in the Cenozoic. Differentiated block tectonic movements have long controlled here the position of the sea level, the development of the river network (including the now underwater paleovalleys), the rates of sedimentation, the processes of bank formation, landslides and the general formation of landscapes. Tectonic factors actually determine the directions and rates of development of the modern geoecosystem of the entire NWBSC. The results of their study should be taken into account when planning and solving urgent tasks and problems of rational nature management.

The presence of numerous native gold deposits of the Ukrainian Crystalline Shield (UCS), as well as the spread of placer gold manifestations, determines the high probability of the formation of precious metal placers with industrial parameters here. The main factors and geological conditions that contribute to the formation of gold placers are manifested in the UCS. An important reason for the failures of previous geological works is the outdated scientific and methodological platform, which involved the search for typical gold-bearing deposits with metal of gravity classes of size. The possibility of significant movement of placer gold in the clayey water flow and the formation of long-distance placers was not taken into account. The traditional slack method used in the study did not make it possible to determine the actual gold content when particles with a size smaller than 0.25 mm predominate in the sample, which is precisely the particle size of the primary sources of the UCS. The applied means of research could not be effective in the absence of the necessary analytical base for determining the gold content, modern methods of studying the geological structure and tectonics of the territories. The negative results did not provide any real grounds for further specialized large-scale research and prospecting for placer gold. Today, it is becoming obvious that placer gold of small and fine grades can easily move over considerable distances in the water flow and form accumulations not only in boulder-pebble material, but also in pelite sediments. As a result of repeated changes in the tectonic plan of block movements, gold-bearing accumulations could be eroded and redeposited in secondary reservoirs. In this aspect, neotectonic studies (using materials from space surveys) become the main predictive and prospecting method for identifying promising areas of placer gold concentration in the region. Field work should be carried out using drilling and modern methods of laboratory analysis of samples for gold. The results of many years of research give hope for the discovery of real placer gold deposits in the Northern Black Sea region in the near future.

The structural position of the Black Sea deep-sea depression is generally determined by its location in the area of intersection of diagonal transcontinental tectonolineament belts. The different thickness of deposits of the same age in different depressions emphasizes the bloc structure of the earth's crust in the water area. Space photographs clearly show the contours of the depression are enveloping by the long arcs of the mountain ranges and valleys of the Caucasus, Ajaro-Trialetia, and the Eastern and Western Pontides. Such large oval and arcuate, partially sequentially superimposed structures (the Miesian plate, Pannonian and Bohemian massifs) are characteristic of the entire southeastern border of the East European platform and reflect the activity of the processes of destruction of its southern foreland in the zone of development of the classic geosyncline. The available data allow us to assume the superimposed nature of the Black Sea depression, formed as a result of mainly vertical tectonic movements in the field of development of mantle plume activations.

Landslides in the North-Western Black Sea coastal zone (NWBSCZ) are a very common natural phenomenon. The analysis of large volumes of original field and compilative geological material shows the determining influence of tectonic factors on the formation of geoecological characteristics of the southern regions of the NWBSCZ. In 2014—2022, a study of the materials of aerospace observations — SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) radar topography was performed with statistical data processing in a GIS environment in combination with the results of ground route studies. Descriptions and photos of landslides are given, as well as information on determining the patterns of the spatial location of active landslide zones, the causes and factors of their occurrence, the nature of development and the consequences of landslide activity. On the basis of the tectonolineament analysis, experience was gained in determining the differences in the dynamics of the development of individual active tectonic blocks of the southern part of the NWBSCZ and the scale of their possible perspective influence on the formation of the general modern geological and ecological situation. The result of such work was the materials for the development of recommendations for taking into account the natural geodynamic characteristics of the specific areas under investigation, for the solution of urgent economic issues of planning rational and safe nature management.

The long-term high level of world gold prices against the background of depletion of reserves with easily extracted metal leads to the search for and introduction into industrial development of deposits, even with low-tech ores and sands. This, in turn, requires the introduction of effective technologies for the enrichment and extraction of gold, contributes to the improvement of methods of exploration. At present, numerous manifestations of placer gold of various scales are known in the sedimentary strata of Meso-Cenozoic deposits in the south of Ukraine. But the real picture of the distribution and the actual scale of gold deposits in Ukraine are uncompleted and unreliable. This is due to the inconsistency of the applied search technique, which was aimed at identifying near-subglacial valley deposits, to the actual properties of gold-bearing formations. Gold in most Ukrainian placers is represented mainly by small, fine and dispersed particles in a significantly clay substrate. Therefore, the traditional geological samples washing by tray led to excessive losses of fine gold and to a significant underestimation of the gold potential. That is why we need to revise the results of previously obtained geological data. Detection of placer gold deposits of Ukraine is possible under the condition of increasing the efficiency of the local forecast and the reliability of field research. The most favorable situations for the accumulation of a useful component are structural denudation traps in tectonic depressive zones. The technology of sample enrichment must correspond to the actual properties of specific raw materials in the placer object. The types of technological equipment are given and some ways of increase of efficiency and reliability of test are offered. The article continues the series of publications devoted to solving the problems of studying placer gold content with a dominant share of fine and dispersed gold in sedimentary formations of the south of Ukraine.

The main gold ore territory of Ukraine is Ukrainian shield, mainly its central and eastern parts. Currently, the potential of Ukrainian shield is estimated at 2.4 thousand tons of gold. Gold ore deposits are insufficiently studied and not brought to development. The same can be said about the development of gold placers. But in the case of shallow deposits its study and development may be economically justified, it does not require large capital investments and allows to recoup costs in a short time. This is especially true given the extremely favorable situation on the world gold market in recent years. Erosion and denudation of native deposits certainly led to the formation of deposits of native placer gold in the sedimentary cover on the territory of the Ukrainian shield and its slopes. Significant amounts of geological information on the widespread distribution of placer gold in loose sediments, in the modern basins of the Dnieper, Southern Bug, Don, Black and Azov Sea shelf, have been accumulated. This corresponds to the location of indigenous sources of gold and the general direction of unloading of river systems. Previous geological studies in this area have revealed numerous manifestations of placer gold of various scales, but no industrial facilities have been recorded. Placer gold in the south of Ukraine is characterized by a high mass fraction of gold of small and thin size classes and significantly aleurite-clay composition of gold-bearing deposits. Such characteristics complicate the geological search and real assessment of gold-bearing objects and, provided that standard sampling and processing methods are used in geological works, lead to underestimation of the real gold content. Studies conducted on the most studied placer sites convincingly show that gold is lost when washing samples, even under careful control. And this is a typical situation for many objects (not only Ukrainian), which were studied using the standard method of extracting free gold by gravity. That is why there are reasonable doubts about the reliability and quality of the current assessment of placer gold deposits. In our opinion, the prospects for the search for loose gold on the Ukrainian shield and its slopes are significantly underestimated. The presence of indigenous sources with great resource potential and at the same time numerous known manifestations of different ages and scales of placer gold clearly indicate the possibility of the formation of placers with industrial characteristics in the sedimentary stratum of southern Ukraine. The use of modern technologies for the gold enrichment and extraction, high-precision analytical research and the favorable state of the world gold market force to urgently review the results of previous geological work. The problem of conducting new comprehensive research aimed at auditing the accumulated data, identifying, and studying of placer deposits namely with gold of small and thin size classes is becoming urgent. The result of such work should be the discovery and industrial development of gold placers, which can be the basis of gold production in Ukraine.

The appearance in the scientific press of new data on the stages of development of the north-western part of the Pacific Ocean makes relevant the results of a comprehensive study of the Imperial Mountains, or the North Western Ridge (NWR) — the eastern border of this region. The results of deep sea drilling (DSDP), original bathymetric surveys, sampling, and direct observations from an inhabited underwater vehicle are analyzed. It is concluded that the NWR is a linear key block mountain structure developed along the transoceanic tectonolineament zone, an integral part of the planet’s regmatogenic framework. The mountains of the ridge are guyots located, as a rule, on a common gulf shaped base, contoured from west and east by extended gently sloping valleys with a relative depth of up to 1 km. Separate morphostructure blocks have both individual and general modes of raising and lowering for the entire mountain structure. The data presented in the article, which were previously poorly covered in the press, make it possible to take a fresh approach to assessing the role of vertical tectonic movements in the formation of the NWR chain and the Earth’s crust in the Pacific as a whole and make it difficult to use orthodox plate tectonic concepts to solve problems of both regional and planetary tectogenesis.

Based on the generalization of literary and cartographic materials, including the space survey data, the features of the spatial position, segmentation and tectonic position of the global trans-Euroasian dislocation belt and planetary fracturing, the Karpinsky lineament, were clarified. The described geomorphic structure is an integral part of the naturally spatially oriented ancient reghmatogenic fault framework of Eurasia, formed in the early stages of the rigid crust formation under the influence of cosmic rotational factors. The lineament at its various sites consists of various morphotectonic geostructural elements (linear grabens, shaft-like uplifts, folded depressions and orogens, suture zones, etc.). It dissects and divides the blocks of the earth's crust, which are very different in their nature and rank (ancient and young platforms, shields, zones of the Mezo-Cenozoic epiplatform orogeny, folded conflict zones), being a single transcontinental cross-cutting structure. The conjugation of these heterogeneous elements within one belt of concentration of deep faults is controlled by a long-lived quasi-stationary ordered planetary regmatic fault network, its north-west diagonal system. The Karpinsky lineament is divided in the longitudinal direction into two parts of the largest rank – the north-western paleorifthogenic (Pripyat graben – Tuarkyr folded zone) and the south-eastern collision shear (Central Mangyshlak – South Tien Shan), which differ in the structural pattern of faults and the prevail-ing dynamic mode of formation. The extent of the total longitudinal shear dislocations for the north-west paleorifthogenic part of the line-ament is within the first tens of kilometers, in most cases several kilometers; for the southeastern collision shear part, this order is larger, but does not exceed 2% of the total belt length, which makes it possible to characterize these dislocations as relatively low-shear.

According to foreign studies, significant (including industrial) concentrations of small and thin gold (STG) were found in quaternary sediments of syneclises and avlacogens of the East European platform. This allows us to hope for their detection within the southern frame of the Ukrainian shield and the northwestern black sea coast. Traditional practice did not allow to detect areas and types of precipitation with increased STG content, which is concentrated not in coarse clastic or psamite strata, but in pelite strata and could not be detected by the standard slice method. At the same time, the gold potential of the study area did not include information about the resources of STG due to the lack of effective methods of detection, study, enrichment and mining. Preliminary studies based on modern sampling and processing techniques revealed a number of points in cenozoic sedimentary rocks in southern ukraine with abnormally elevated alluvial STG content. Such STG placers in the cenozoic sedimentary cover can become an important resource for the formation of the gold mining industry in Ukraine. The general solution of the problem requires a systematic and methodologically sound study of distribution patterns, migration paths and conditions of STG localization.

A new design of a variable flywheel for the internal combustion engine is suggested.

Purpose. The main aim of research is to study the bottom sediments of the Sasyk estuary, in particular, to establish their lithological characteristics and the peculiarities of the distribution of heavy metals in their layers. Method. The research was done with the results of the expedition work carried out in 2018-2019, 31 samples of the bottom sediments of the Sasyk estuary, channels and paleochannels of the Kogylnyk and Sarata rivers, and rocks of the shoreline of the studied reservoir were selected. We carried out sampling along the network of 31 stations from a motor boat using a bottom-grab and orientation by GPS navigation. The content of heavy metals was determined using geochemical spectral emission analysis. Statistical and cartographic processing of the research results was carried out using geographic information systems Mapinfo, QGIS, Global Mapper and Surfer. Also, to establish the possible routes of metal migration, we used the analysis of mesotopolineaments formed according to the NASA SRTM digital terrain model, with the construction of rose diagrams of the main directions of the lineaments. The results. We established that the bottom sediments were represented mainly by grey-black, black, viscous silt, often with an admixture of shell detritus. Less often, they were composed of sand, sometimes muddy with abundant fauna. We also determined the content of heavy metals in the system of bottom sediments, features of their distribution and possible ways of infusing. Thus, in the territory of the Sasyk estuary, heavy metals of the first (Pb), second (Ni, Cu, Cr, Mo) and third (V, Mn, Ba) hazard class are found in high concentrations. The average content of Pb for the bottom sediment system of the estuary is: for sand – 32 mg/kg, for silt – 41 mg/kg. The maximum content for both is 100 mg/kg. The average Ni content is: for sand – 27 mg/kg, for silt – 62 mg/kg. The maximum content for sand is 80 mg/kg, for silt – 100 mg/kg. The average Cu content in the silt of the Sasyk estuary is 81 mg/kg, and 26 mg/kg in the sand. An elevated content of Mn, Ba and Mo was also found in several samples. Оften areas with increased concentrations of metals have a point character. In almost all cases, they are connected to the river systems adjacent to the pond. The distribution of some metals is correlated with the main directions of estuary water circulation. Wastewater is a likely sources of metals entering the estuary geoecosystem. We also assume that the migration of these elements to the pond may occur through tectonic blocks. Scientific novelty. For the first time in recent years, we have carried out expeditionary work on research of the bottom sediments of the Sasyk estuary, along the complete network of the station. We obtained the data on the gross content of heavy metals, and determined their average, maximum and minimum concentrations. For the first time, maps of the spatial distribution of metals were constructed, which made it possible to establish the main regularities of their accumulation in the bottom sediment system of the pond. Practical significance. Pollution of the bottom sediments of the Sasyk estuary with heavy metals is one of the components of today's critical ecological state of the pond, which affects the well-being of the residents of the surrounding areas. The obtained results can be used at the state level to create effective programs for quality management of the resource potential of the estuary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper reports the results of a study of the parallel processes occurring in the billet during the time of changes in the continuous casting process parameters. As found, due to a change in the rate of movement of the billet fmov, there are parallel changes in rheological (damage parameter ) and mechanical properties (ultimate tensile strength TS) processes that occur in the billet. As revealed, the additional thermophysical process exists in the billet such as the growth rate of the thickness  of the billet crust under variations in fmov. It follows there from that the values of  represent an additional parallel process. A found, the  and the solidification coefficient ksol are the same thermophysical value, whence it follows that ksol has not a constant value, but depends on the time of solidification or on the reduced thickness of the billet Rred; ksol  const can only be under the conditions Rred  const to determine the ksol of the same metal or alloy; only after that the ksol values for various metals and alloys can be compared. As revealed, the direction of movement while overcoming the static friction force (SFF) affects the investigated properties of the billet: the values of the process parameters of fmov are in direct proportion to the values of the thermophysical properties of the billet of , both under the translational and reverse movement of the billet while overcoming the static friction force with the translational movement of the billet, the values of the mechanical properties TS of the billets are in inverse proportion to the values of the investigated processes such as , , and fmov; with the reverse movement of the billet, the values of the processes , , and fmov are in direct proportion to the values of the mechanical properties TS of the billets; with the reverse movement of the billet, a decrease in the damage parameter of the billet in the cycle is observed, which makes it possible to increase the values of TS. As shown, the values of the mechanical properties of TS of the billets can simultaneously affect two process parameters, the speed of movement Vmov and the time of movement tmov of the billet in the cycle at fmov  const. As revealed, the direction of movement of the billet while overcoming SFF is a trigger to start the process of reducing the damage parameter in the billet during the transition from translational to reverse movement. As shown, if the following parallel processes of fmov,  and TS are in direct proportion, then it is possible to predict the values of TS by using both the values of fmov and . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nonlinear mathematical models for the analysis of temperature regimes in a thermosensitive isotropic plate heated by locally concentrated heat sources have been developed. For this purpose, the heat-active zones of the plate are described using the theory of generalized functions. Given this equation of thermal conductivity and boundary conditions contain discontinuous and singular right parts. The original nonlinear equations of thermal conductivity and nonlinear boundary conditions are linearized by Kirchhoff transformation. To solve the obtained boundary value problems, the integral Fourier transform was used and, as a result, their analytical solutions in the images were determined. The inverse integral Fourier transform was applied to these solutions, which made it possible to obtain analytical expressions for determining the Kirchhoff variable. As an example, the linear dependence of the thermal conductivity on temperature is chosen, which is often used in many practical problems. As a result, analytical relations were obtained to determine the temperature in the heat-sensitive plate. The given analytical solutions are presented in the form of improper convergent integrals. According to Newton’s method (three eighths), numerical values of these integrals are obtained with a certain accuracy for given values of plate thickness, spatial coordinates, specific power of heat sources, thermal conductivity of structural materials of the plate and geometric parameters of the heat-active zone. The material of the plate is silicon and germanium. To determine the numerical values of temperature in the structure, as well as the analysis of heat transfer processes in the middle of the plate due to local heating, developed software, using which geometric mapping of temperature distribution depending on spatial coordinates, thermal conductivity, specific heat flux density. The obtained numerical valuesof temperature testify to the correspondence of the developed mathematical models of the analysis of heat exchange processes in the thermosensitive plate with local heating to the real physical process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the theoretical and practical issues that arise in the protection of the rights of the parties to a corporate agreement. The purpose of the article is to identify the ways to protect the rights of the parties to a corporate agreement and to develop the suggestions to improve their application. It was proved that the existence of two concepts - "corporate agreement" and "agreement between the company's shareholders" of the same content, but named differently is artificial, and the unification of the conceptual and categorical apparatus, which denotes this agreement, was proposed. The experience of other countries (France, Belgium, Greece, Germany, the USA, Great Britain) on the issues of establishing the ways to protect the rights of the parties to a corporate agreement both in legislation and in practice has been studied. It was established that in foreign countries the parties to a corporate agreement use such ways to protect rights as compensation for damage, enforcement of the obligations in kind, other preventive mechanisms (court injunction, imposition of restrictions on amendments to local acts of the corporation), exclusion of a company participant by a court decision etc. It was determined that only such ways of the rights protection as compensation for damage and compensation are reflected in the Ukrainian legislation. The ways of protection of the rights which are provided by the national legislation were allocated. It was studied which of the ways are applied by the parties to the corporate agreement in practice. The application of such methods of protection as compensation for damage is analyzed; recognition of the agreement on rights to shares and/or rights to shares, concluded by a party to the agreement between shareholders for breach of corporate agreement, invalid; invalidation of the transaction or invalidation of its separate parts, compensation. Their positive and negative aspects are determined, the prospects of their application in practice are outlined. The case law on ways to protect the rights of the parties was analyzed. It was established that the court recognized the binding nature of the corporate agreement and the possibility for the parties to apply in practice the provisions of the agreement. It has been proven that a corporate agreement becomes a tool that can provide business partners with stable rules of conduct that can be protected in court. Based on the research done, it was made a conclusion on the feasibility of enshrining in law a list of the most universal and effective ways to protect the rights of the parties to a corporate agreement, which may be: damages, penalties (fines, penalties), compensation, invalidation of the corporate agreement or its parts; invalidation of transactions concluded by a party to a corporate agreement in violation of the terms of such agreement, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nanosistemi, Nanomateriali, Nanotehnologii is the property of G.V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics, N.A.S.U and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of the article is to study the concept, features and types of corporate disputes arising from corporate legal relations, and to outline the category of legal disputes related thereto. The author studies the concept, features and types of corporate disputes and determines the categories of legal disputes connected thereto. The corporate dispute is investigated as a legal institution which has the purpose of protecting the rights and legitimate interests of participants to corporate relations and takes place within the framework of the protectionaimed legal relation, where a person, in a statutory form, exercises the right to protection choosing the remedies established by law and/or corporate agreement. Based on the analysis of legislative provisions, legal positions of higher courts and the relevant case law, the author classifies corporate disputes by such criteria as the subject matter and contents, and also by the subjective criterion, and marks corporate disputes off from the related legal disputes. Protection of the rights and legitimate interests of participants to corporate legal relations is one of the most pressing issues of our times. Active development and an increasingly complicated nature of corporate relations entail increasingly more conflicts between their participants, and therefore, the topic under research herein is of particular relevance. Despite a vast number of changes to corporate legislation over the recent years, and the adopted new procedural codes, laws of Ukraine “On Amending Some Legislative Acts of Ukraine With Regard to Protection of Investors’ Rights”, “On Amending Some Legislative Acts of Ukraine With Regard to State Registration of Rights to Real Property and Protection of Property Rights”, “On Amending Some Legislative Acts of Ukraine With Regard to Enhancement of the Corporate Governance Level of Joint-Stock Companies” which has implemented into the national legislation the procedures for the exercise of the right to squeeze-out and sell-out, and “On Limited and Additional Liability Companies”, corporate disputes are still among the most widespread and complex categories of disputes considered by economic courts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Physiological Journal / Fiziologichnyi Zhurnal is the property of O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Problems of Cryobiology & Cryomedicine / Problemy Kriobiologii i Kriomediciny is the property of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Institute for Problems of Cryobiology & Cryomedicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Journal of Endocrinology / Mìžnarodnij Endokrinologìčnij Žurnal is the property of Zaslavsky O.Yu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Accounting & Finance / Oblìk ì Fìnansi is the property of Institute of Accounting & Finance and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)