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First aid is defined as a group of activities directed at a person in a sudden health or life threatening state which is performed by somebody who is present at the site of the incident. First aid skills are taught in high school during the Education for Safety and it is an extension of the subject introduced in junior high school. The aim of the study is to evaluate the level of knowledge of high school students on first aid rules. Material and methods: The studying group consisted of 304 students of I, II and III High School in Zamość (F-60,2%, n=183, M-39,8%, n=121). The survey used self-reported proprietary questionnaire. Results: 94,4% (n=287) of the respondents knew correct chest compression to breathing ratio in cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR). This answer was given significantly more commonly by the students from rural areas than the teenagers living in town (97,2%, n=174 vs 90,4%, n=113 respectively, p=0,01). Respondents living in rural areas also more often were able to describe correct procedure both in case of foreign body embedded in the wound (92,1%, n=163 vs 81,6%, n=102, p=0,01) as well as how to dress the wound (73,7%, n=132 vs 60,8%, n=76, p=0,01). Less than a half of studying group knew appropriate management in case of collapse (29,9%) and in case of first grade burn (49,3%). 46,7% of the respondents knew how to differentiate venous from arterial hemorrhage, and in that area male students were giving the correct answer more often than women (58,7%, n=71 vs 39,2%, n=71 respectively, p

First aid is defined as a group of activities directed at a person in a sudden health or life threatening state which is performed by somebody who is present at the site of the incident. First aid skills are taught in high school during the Education for Safety and it is an extension of the subject introduced in junior high school. The aim of the study is to evaluate the level of knowledge of high school students on first aid rules. Material and methods: The studying group consisted of 304 students of I, II and III High School in Zamość (F-60,2%, n=183, M-39,8%, n=121). The survey used self-reported proprietary questionnaire. Results: 94,4% (n=287) of the respondents knew correct chest compression to breathing ratio in cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR). This answer was given significantly more commonly by the students from rural areas than the teenagers living in town (97,2%, n=174 vs 90,4%, n=113 respectively, p=0,01). Respondents living in rural areas also more often were able to describe correct procedure both in case of foreign body embedded in the wound (92,1%, n=163 vs 81,6%, n=102, p=0,01) as well as how to dress the wound (73,7%, n=132 vs 60,8%, n=76, p=0,01). Less than a half of studying group knew appropriate management in case of collapse (29,9%) and in case of first grade burn (49,3%). 46,7% of the respondents knew how to differentiate venous from arterial hemorrhage, and in that area male students were giving the correct answer more often than women (58,7%, n=71 vs 39,2%, n=71 respectively, p

Objectives The study’s main research goal was to illustrate how young adults assess the ties with their parents and the support (or lack thereof) received from them and discussion of the result in light of worldwide research. Material and methods The survey was conducted in the spring of 2020 with CAWI on a purposefully selected sample of academic youth aged 18–29 from over 30 Polish universities (N = 621). The results were discussed in the light of worldwide research. Results Most young people assessed their ties with the parents and parental support positively, especially from the perspective of stability and satisfaction.But important differences were noticeable: the ties with the mother were evaluated more positively. The ties with the father were assessed as weaker, especially regarding expressions of affection, honest and open communication, and trust and care. Similarly, when assessing parental support, the mother turned out more involved and her support did not depend on other factors. Conclusions Most academic youth have stable and satisfying ties with parents, and they are supported by parents in difficult times. Young people highly assessed the quality of the bond with the mother. The relationship with the father was assessed as similarly stable and satisfactory, but this was a lower response share than with the relationship with the mother. Other dimensions of the relationship with the father were assessed even less positively. Similarly, when respondents were evaluating parental support, the mother turned out more involved than the father. Data from international studies show that macroeconomic factors and social policy strongly influence the ties between adults and their parents. Researchers from other countries also notice that young people have stronger bonds with the mother than with the father.