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The aim: to study the clinical, angiographic and functional parameters, and their relation to the decision on percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in stable coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with intermediate coronary stenoses (ІСS) at patient and lesion levels. Materials and methods. The cross-sectional study enrolled 123 patients (62±9 years; 73,2 % males) with stable CAD and angiographically ICS (50-90 %). Stable angina CCS class II (CCSII) was diagnosed in 70 (56,9 %) patients, class III (CCSIII) – 29 (23,6 %); 24 (19,5 %) patients were free from angina (Afree). Fractional flow reserve (FFR) was assessed in 74 (60,2 %) patients (min per patient). The hemodynamically significant lesion was considered if FFR ≤0,80 a.u. The decision to perform PCI was undertaken in 93 (76 %) patients. In addition, the functional data from 128 lesions were analyzed. Results. The CCSIII group was characterized by less frequent previous PCI (21 % vs. 46 % in the pooled group [CCSII + Afree]; р=0,018); the predominance of cases with (max) severe [70-90 %] coronary stenosis (96 % vs. 78 % in CCSII and 54 % in Afree; ptrend

One of the factors of efficient intensive milk production is the creation of comfortable conditions for keeping cows on a farm or complex. Highly productive cows are quite demanding of the indoor microclimate and conditions of keeping. It is believed that the productivity of animals by 10-30% depends on this. The purpose of the study was to examine the possibility of reducing the influence of high ambient temperature on the milk productivity of cows by different approaches to the organisation of their feeding technology. The paper uses analytical, diagnostic, physicochemical, and statistical research methods. The main climate indicators were monitored during the summer period (June-August). It is established that the decrease in daily milk yield is a consequence of the negative influence of the temperature factor when the daily (from 1100 to 1700) air temperature in June-July is at the level of +26-30°C. At an air temperature of 26.5°C (about 1400), the body temperature of cows rises from 37.5-37.8°C to 38.20-38.46°C. The proof of this is a decrease in the rate of decline in the level of milk productivity of cows of the experimental groups in August when the average daily air temperature dropped to +24-26°C. It is proved that the introduction of 1.5 kg of protein feed additive with protected TEP-mix protein into the diet of highly productive cows increases the productivity of experimental cows (in terms of basic milk) by 15.7% (4.3 kg). Modernisation of the diet of feeding highly productive cows by increasing the content of non-broken down protein in the rumen to normal during temperature stress contributed to better adaptation of animals in terms of productivity and quality indicators of milk: an increase in the mass fraction of fat by 0.67% and the mass fraction of protein by 0.26%, with the content of somatic cells of 285.06±81.0–409.3±134.3 thousand/cm3

The paper studies the impact of regional climate changes that occurred in the past and are expected to occur in the near future on the components of the annual fresh water balance of quasi-closed lagoons in the North-Western Black Sea coast. Currently these lagoons have no permanent connection with the sea. However, there are some episodic connections via artificially created channels, ducts and other waterworks. The value of insufficiency of the studied lagoons' annual fresh water balance is used as an indicator of their ecosystems' sensitivity to climate change. Action plans must be created and implemented for the lagoons that are the most sensitive to changes in regional climatic conditions in order to achieve and maintain their "good" environmental quality status. The climate-induced changes of meteorological parameters in the North-Western Black Sea coast that determine the components of the lagoons' water balance are estimated for two periods: the current one from 2000 to 2018 (based on the observations made at coastal meteorological stations) and the near-future one of 2021-2050 which is compared to the 1961-1990 period (based on the data of the Climate Cadastre of Ukraine). The expected climatic conditions in the near future (2021-2050) were determined by the RCM simulations of the Euro-CORDEX project for the RCP4.5 climate change scenario. The research evaluates the components of the lagoons' fresh water balance (precipitation reaching the lagoons' water surface, fresh water inflow from the catchments, evaporation from the lagoons' water surface) and identifies the residuals (shortages) of annual balance. It uses the "climate-runoff" hydrological model for the above climatic periods to determine the fresh water inflow into the lagoons through the watercourses of their catchment areas. The annual evaporation layer from the lagoons' water surface was evaluated using the long-term average monthly values of temperature and relative humidity for each of the periods. It was established that the climatic changes that occurred earlier and those expected in the current century caused and will cause the increasing insufficiency of the annual fresh water balance of quasi-closed lagoons in the North-Western Black Sea coast. This can threaten salinization, shallowing or even disappearance of some lagoons. Thus new strategies for water and environmental management of such lagoons must be developed. In terms of vulnerability to climate changes leading to significant annual insufficiency of fresh water balance (if there are no other water sources, e.g. water from the sea), lagoons are ranked in the following order: Kuialnytskyi Lagoon, Dofinivskyi Lagoon, Budatskyi Lagoon (if there is no water inflow from the Dnistrovskyi Lagoon), the Tuzla group of lagoons, Sasyk Lagoon, Tyligulskyi Lagoon, Hadzhybeisky Lagoon (if there is no anthropogenic runoff).

In this paper, a method was developed in relation to the north-western coast of the Black Sea in order to determine the optimal model run from regional climate models ensemble. As a result of climate change, which has been observed since the late 1980s in Ukraine, various natural objects changes have been also transformed. The study of such changes in the future is possible only by using runs of global or regional climate models. Moreover, the step of the spatial grid in the climate model must be comparative with the spatial size of a natural object under study. In the north-western coast of the Black Sea, climate change is characterized by increasing aridity of climate and a corresponding decrease in freshwater inflows into coastal lagoons from their catchments, making ecosystems of these lagoons sensitive and vulnerable to climate change. Using numerical models in order to study climate change impact on these natural objects requires input hydrometeorological information in the spatial grid points, the distance between which should correspond to the horizontal size of lagoons, i.e. several kilometers. In this paper, data from the scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 of the ensemble from 14 model runs with different regional climatic models of the CORDEX project were used to simulate the future changes of the temperature and precipitation regime. For each grid point and scenario, a single simulation was selected from the ensemble, which best reproduces the intra-annual changes of temperature, precipitation, and evaporation compared to the ensemble means. Despite the sufficiently large distance between the estuaries, the method allowed the selection of a single optimal model run, which shows the significant differences in spring and summer precipitation as well as year-around evaporation in the southern and northern parts of the northwestern coast of the region. This run well reproduces the relationship between temperature, precipitation, and evaporation in the southern and northern parts of the northwestern coast of the Black Sea.

The aim of the study is to determine statistical estimates for the distributions of average monthly and annual temperatures, as well as monthly and annual precipitation for the North-Western Black Sea coast during the climatic change intensification epoch. Parameters of the normal distribution for temperature, two- and three-parametric gamma distribution for precipitation, as well as trend characteristics, are analyzed. To determine the deviation of the values from the previous climatic period, the data of the Climate Cadastre of Ukraine (1961–1990) were used. The results of the statistical analysis show that steady trend towards an increase in annual air temperatures exists at all stations during the period (2000-2018). In the time course of these characteristics, there is a clearly pronounced separation into two periods with the transition point in 2007. The average monthly air temperatures for the period generally exceed the same values for 1961-1990, and this is especially evident for the summer months. Time distributions of monthly precipitation are spatially heterogeneous. It was found for Odesa that the maxima are observed in January, July and September, in contrast to other stations, at which the maximum amount of precipitation is registered in the summer months. Also, at the Odesa, the monthly precipitation in most months exceeds the same values for 1961-1990. Annual precipitation during 2000-2018 has a lot of regularities and differences, among which, for example, a common feature is the presence of maxima in 2010. In accordance with the general period trend characteristics, a tendency to an increase in the annual precipitation was found in the very south (Izmail station) only, and it has been especially pronounced since 2009. However, their mean values are lesser than in the Climate Cadastre of Ukraine; this is also observed for the stations Lyubashivka and Mykolaiv. On the contrary, at stations located on the coast (Odesa, Ochakiv), the annual precipitation exceeds of values from the Cadastre. Based on the analysis carried out, it can be concluded that all persistent tendencies to changes in the values of the considered climatic characteristics are associated with a possible change in the atmospheric circulation over the considered territory.

Since modern research indicates climatic changes in all regions of our planet, including on the territory of Ukraine (in particular, the deviation of temperature and other meteorological parameters from the values of the climatic norm), their study is extremely important. After all, they can lead to changes in the nature of precipitation distribution, the length of the growing season, a decrease in the duration of the stable snow cover, local runoff water resources, etc. Most scientific works in recent years describe changes in the distribution of temperature characteristics and precipitation regime, because they are one of the main indicators of the state of the climate system. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to identify the features of changes in air temperature and precipitation for the entire territory of Ukraine from 2021 to 2050 based on the results of 16 simulations of the ensemble of CORDEX models based on the RCP4.5 scenario. The CORDEX project is a modern simulation of the future climate and has a resolution of ~ 12.5 km in the horizontal plane, which makes it possible to better simulate the characteristics under study. It integrates regional climate predictions that are generated using statistical and dynamic methods. The results obtained are presented for 177 cities of Ukraine, which currently form the basis of a modern monitoring network. It was found that the number of days with precipitation ≥ 5 mm in transitional seasons increases on average by 1-3 days per month, depending on the region. The maximum values of the frequency of occurrence of the number of days with precipitation ≥ 5 mm are observed in the west and gradually decrease in the south. Compared to 1961-1990, the most significant changes occur with the number of frosty days with an air temperature of ≤ 0°С, which noticeably decreases during the study period from north to south. In April and October, for the southern regions of Ukraine, the considered parameter is equal to 0, which means that in these months the air temperature for these regions will have positive values. From the above, there is a tendency towards warming in transitional seasons and a change in the nature of moisture supply to the territory of Ukraine in the next thirty years.

Стаття присвячена підготовці і аналізу даних для покращення прогнозування кількості використаної та згенерованої електроенергії методами машинного навчання, а також оцінка важливості та впливу на прогнозування періоду доби, місяця, року, температури, вологості повітря, атмосферного тиску та інших ознак. Набір даних, що використовувався в даній статті, містить відомості про використання та генерацію електроенергії, а також погодні показники за 11 місяців з періодом фіксації даних 1 хвилина. Оброблення даних ґрунтувалось на статистичних методах обробки інформації, визначенні кількості пропущених даних, лінійних залежностях між ознаками, сумісності типів даних. Для оцінки точності прогнозування було використано коефіцієнт детермінації.

Первый опыт клинического применения устройства механической фиксации Aptus HeliFix во время эндоваскулярного протезирования брюшной части аорты

У застосуванні до системи розподіленої генерації MicroGrid розглянуто задачу виявлення аномалій поведінки користувача. Задача вирішується із залученням методів машинного навчання (Machine Learning), зокрема, методу детектування аномалій (Anomaly Detection). В якості ключових параметрів для найпростішого випадку задачі виявлення аномальної поведінки розглянуто усереднене електроспоживання за п’ятихвилинні проміжки часу, а також кількість спрацювань датчика руху, встановленого у приміщенні MicroGrid. Бібл. 12, рис. 4, табл. 2.

Experimental research of thiopental-sodium and propofol influence on the cerebrum on a tromboembols ischemia background was conducted. The most expressive neuroprotective action of thiopental-sodium was compared to propofol on the basis of elektronmykroskopic research of cerebrum motor area in experiment.

The search of effective treatment of myocardial infarction complications remains a relevant issue. Despite the constant improvement of techniques and methods of surgical interventions and the improvement of medical treatment protocols, the mortality due to the postinfarction rupture of the interventricular septum remains quite high. The article presents a clinical case of successful endovascular closure of a postinfarction ventricular septum defect with an occluder with its subsequent surgical closure. The optimal timing of the intervention, the choice of the type of intervention, the optimal medical and hemodynamic support at the stage of preparing the patient for the correction of this complication and in the early postoperative period are described. Our experience shows that the timely use of endovascular techniques to close the defect allows you to create a bridge for open surgery and provide an effective treatment.

Revascularization of coronary arteries is a key method of the contemporary treatment of patients with atherosclerotic coronary stenoses. However, at an intermediate degree of stenosis, the decision on the appropriateness of revascularization may depend on additional studies of the functional significance of anatomical changes. The study of the fractional flow reserve (FFR) may have a special role in such cases. The publication considers an example of determining the extent of endovascular revascularization in a patient with multivessel lesions of the coronary arteries, with intermediate severity of stenosis. The combination of functional class II angina with unclear result of a stress test, as well as the lack of optimal drug therapy at the time of examination led to the decision to assess physiological significance of all existing stenoses by determining the FFR. Based on the FFR, it was decided to continue monitoring the patient, prescribe optimal medical therapy and refrain from revascularization intervention until the evaluation of its results

Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy іs a relatively common condition and one of the most common causes of sudden cardiac death in young age. One of the options for the surgical treatment of this pathology is septal myoectomy, which has been the gold standard for decades. However, despite this, surgical treatment is intended for young patients with a low risk of postoperative complications, while patients with concomitant diseases and a higher surgical risk require alternative treatment. Today, alcohol septal ablation is considered an effective, minimally invasive method for treating hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy in patients with a left ventricular outflow tract gradient ≥ 50 mm Hg. The article presents the experience of using alcohol septal ablation in 57 patients with obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract.

Takayasu arteritis is a rare form of the vasculitis of large arteries. It is a disease difficult to diagnose and treat, often unpredictable in terms of outcome and life-treatening. Despite its low prevalence, Takayasu arteritis deserves close attention for therapists, cardiologists, rheumatologists and angiosurgeons. This article presents classifications, features of the clinical course of the disease, possibilities of the visualization diagnosis of the lesions of arteries, assessment of the disease activity. The issues of the contemporary drug therapy, interventional and surgical treatment methods and complications of the disease are presented.

Global temperatures over the period of 2081–2100 are expected to rise by 0.3–4.8 °C compared to the period of 1986–2005. According to the previous studies, the average annual air temperature in all regions of Ukraine will keep increasing in the near future and the maximum increase in precipitation is expected mainly in the western and northern regions during winter and spring, whereas the decrease in precipitation will be registered in the central, eastern and southern regions during summer and autumn. This article aims to identify the features of changes in air temperature and precipitation for different regions of Ukraine in 2021–2050 based on the modelling results of the ensemble of CORDEX models as per the RCP4.5 scenario. 16 simulation runs for 7 regional climate models were selected for the analysis and the results were presented for five regional centers of Ukraine: Kyiv, Lviv, Kropyvnytskyi, Kharkiv and Odesa. It is shown that future monthly precipitation in all regions tends to increase by an average of 20–40 mm during autumn, winter and spring, whereas the decrease is expected to occur in summer. According to some models, the monthly precipitation will be close to zero in the Southern Ukraine in July and August, which is typical for the Mediterranean climate. Compared to the period of 1961–1990, the average monthly temperature will undergo small changes (up to 1 °C) in spring and autumn, while the temperature in summer and winter will increase by 2.5–3.5 °C. In Odesa, in contrast to the present-day situation, a positive average monthly air temperature will be expected to be recorded throughout the whole year, and only 25% of the runs show negative average monthly minimum temperatures. In the Northern Ukraine, the average monthly minimum and maximum temperatures in winter will increase by 2.0–2.5 °C, and in summer only the maximum air temperature will increase significantly. Thus, we can assume a change in the regime of moisture supply in Ukraine over the next thirty years. One can also assume a high probability of snow cover absence throughout the whole winter in the Southern Ukraine as a result of positive temperatures.

The topicality of the study is stipulated by the need to diagnose, monitor and predict the weather conditions causing temperature anomalies in Ukraine in order to prevent their adverse impact on the country's economy. On the climate change background, extreme weather events become more frequent and intense. The forecast for anomalous events can be significantly improved if the main types of atmospheric circulation related to those events will be identified. This paper aims to identify the main circulation processes causing the initiation of hot and cold weather conditions in Ukraine. These conditions are the so-called indices of extremes: summer days (SU), tropical nights (TR), ice days (ID), and frosty days (FD), calculated using the daily minimum and maximum air temperature at the regular grid points covering the territory of Ukraine with a spatial resolution of 0.75×0.75 degrees. The GWL circulation types were obtained from the Hess-Brezovsky objective classification for the atmospheric processes, which is widely used for synoptic analysis in Europe. The GWL circulation types differ by the location of ridges (anticyclones) and troughs (cyclones) on the 500 hPa isobaric surface. The difference from most other atmospheric circulation classifications is that each GWL remains for at least 3 days. If the transition to another GWL lasts more than 1 day, such days are considered as the previous or next GWL, whichever is most similar. The frequencies for ten types of weather patterns by the Hess-Brezovsky classification for the period from 1971 to 2001 were analyzed for Ukraine, and the circulation types, which are the most common for summer days, tropical nights, frosty days and frosty nights, were detected. It was shown that the extreme hot or frost weather conditions are in most cases initiated by the same circulation type. Also, the initiation of hot and frost weather is almost completely unaffected by the weather pattern caused by the third, fifth and ninth types of the GWL classification.

Since the introduction of the fractional flow reserve (FFR) into clinical practice more than 20 years ago, revascularization controlled by the measurement of physiological parameters has become routine. It was substantiated by extensive evidence in both chronic coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndrome. Also, recently, a non-wavelength study of coronary flow, «instant-wave fractional reserve» (iFR) has been introduced into practice, which allows the use of vasodilators to be abandoned. Despite evidence of significant improvement in case of FFR and iFR study, their use in everyday practice remains very low. According to literature data, only 6.1% of interventions in patients with intermediate coronary lesions (stenosis 40–70%) are performed taking into account FFR and iFR. The article analyzes the literature on the application of the methodology for studying the fractional reserve of coronary blood flow to optimize the results of coronary revascularization. Methods of studying the fractional coronary flow reserve (FFR and iFR) are a relatively simple tool that allow to answer the main question of interventional cardiology, i.e. "Is it necessary to stent this stenosis?”, quickly and with high degree of reliability. During recent years, these techniques developed from experiment to daily routine practice. Also, these techniques are not as complicated as intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), being much cheaper and can be used by a wider range of operators. The iFR method, in addition, allows not to use vasodilator, which makes it safer, easier and cheaper. A huge amount of evidence of the diagnostic value of these methods has been accumulated with a sufficient level of safety of their use. The technical simplicity of techniques, which reduces the cost of material and human resources, makes it particularly attractive for use in everyday practice, even in mid-level clinics.

Introduction. The Moroccan energy system is highly dependent on external energy markets. This is why the current Moroccan energy strategy is focused on deployment of renewable technologies projects. Morocco has abundant wind resources. The purpose of this publication is identifying the characteristics of wind regime in Tangier in 2021-2050 to assess the wind potential. Results. This particular study used the data of regional climate modelling (RCM) with high spatial resolution of the CORDEX project. The article contains the results of RCM modelling using the RCP 4.5 scenario presented in the rectangular coordinate system with spatial resolution of ≈ 44 km. An ensemble of 11 climatic models was used for the analysis. To verify the RCM retrospective simulations for the period of 2011-2016 were used and to verify the RCM forecasts associated with wind speed we used the observations made at the Tangier meteorological station. The performed analysis allows us to conclude that average ensemble-based series of average monthly values are close to average values of the observed meteorological parameters. The models reflect the climatic parameters with varying degrees of accuracy and their results can be used to analyze future conditions of the climatic system in this region. Average wind speed for the period of 2021-2050 at the Tangier station will be equal to 5.1 m/s which exceeds the current value of 0.6 m/s. According to the forecast the wind speed in the territory of Tanger – Tetouan − Al Hoceima region will exceed 4.5 m/s. Comparison of the RCM-calculated wind speed value with the observational data for the period of 2005-2014 showed its increase. Based on the average annual wind speed values in each of the grid's nodes the linear regression coefficients were calculated. Conclusion. RCM-modelling showed that in 2021-2050 the territory of Tanger – Tetouan − Al Hoceima region will be dominated by the conditions being favourable for operation and further development of wind energy. Comparison of model calculations with observational data of the current climatic period showed that the Strait of Gibraltar area and the adjacent territories will see the wind speed increase in the future. The maximum value of wind speed annual run will be observed during the cold period of the year which coincides with the period of increased demand for electricity by its consumers. Directions of further research. The results of this study will be used as the basis for calculating the wind power in this region in 2021-2050.

The aim – to study the clinical, echocardiographic and angiographic parameters, determining the method of myocardial revascularization (MR) in patients with stable coronary heart disease (CAD), selected in routine clinical practice according to pre-specified anatomical criteria. Materials and methods. We performed retrospective observational single-center study and analyzed data from the patients with stable CAD (n = 341), suitable for both methods of MR – percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), according to the pre-specified anatomical criteria. We analyzed demographic, clinical, echocardiographic, angiographic parameters and health related quality of life (HRQoL), assessed by two questionnaires (MLHFQ and SF-36). The selected patients’ sample consisted of 284 (83.3 %) males and 57 (16.7 %) females, with age range from 32 to 83 years, mean age (61 ± 9) years. Prior myocardial infarction was registered in 252 (73.9 %) patients. 329 (96.5 %) patients had stable angina of different functional classes. PCI was performed in 68 (19.9 %) patients, CABG – in 273 (80.1 %). Results. CABG group, compared to PCI, was characterized by the higher grade of angina severity, namely the higher frequency of angina III/IV functional classes: 87.9 % vs. 69.1 %, respectively (p < 0.001). In addition, patients selected for CABG were more likely to have diabetes mellitus (34.8 % vs. 17.6 %, respectively, p = 0.006). The baseline pharmacological therapy in CABG group, as opposed to PCI, was characterized by the higher prescription rate of beta-blockers (78.0 % vs. 55.9 %, respectively, p < 0.001), organic nitrates (48.4 % vs. 11.8 %, respectively, p < 0.001), as well as oral antihyperglycemic agents (22.0 % vs. 4.4 %, respectively, p = 0.001). The PCI group was characterized by better HRQoL, compared to CABG. Patients with isolated anterior interventricular branch of left coronary artery, or with 2-vessel disease, were more likely to be selected for PCI. On the contrary, CABG was a more preferable MR method in patients with 3-vessel disease. Conclusions. CABG group, as compared to PCI, was associated with the higher prevalence of obesity, diabetes mellitus, including its severe course, the higher grade of angina severity, and worse HRQoL, in addition to the higher frequency of 3-vessel disease. In patients with similar coronary artery lesions, the potential criteria for MR method include such characteristics, as severity of symptoms, comorbidity and prior CAD treatment.

The Moroccan energy system is highly dependent on external energy markets. The use of solar energy is one of the most promising ways in the development of renewable energy sources. At the moment, there are several scenarios for the development of renewable energy in Morocco diverging only in quantitative assessments. All of them are aimed at increasing the generation of green energy, from the complete satisfaction of all needs of Moroccan consumers to the opportunity of exporting some of its environmentally friendly electricity to Europe. Estimation of energy efficiency of solar installations is usually carried out on the basis of calculations of solar radiation arrival in the presence of cloudless sky. Clouds significantly reduce amount of solar radiation and sunshine duration. This study is aimed at determination of possible quantitative parameters of the total cloud cover and the areas in which the cloud cover would have the least impact on the amount of incoming solar radiation in Morocco in 2020-2050. The article presents the results of simulation of total cloud fraction using 11 regional climate models of CORDEX project for the period of 2020-2050 in Morocco. For the period of 2020-2050 the average values of total cloud fraction on the territory of Morocco will have the smallest values within the plains located near the border with Algeria on the territory of the prefecture of Sous-Massa lying at the foot of the southern slopes of the Anti-Atlas. The analysis of the annual regime of total cloud fraction showed that in the future it will be of a different nature in different parts of the country due to various factors affecting its formation. The area with the smallest volumes of monthly total cloud fraction will lie within the territory the southern part of prefecture Draa-Tafilalet and prefectures Sous-Massa, Guelmim-Oued Noun, Laayoune-Sakia El Hamra, Dakhla-Oued Ed-Dahab excluding their coastal parts of the Atlantic Ocean. In the future most of the territory of Morocco will be characterized by a low amount of total cloud fraction, which, in its turn, will have an insignificant effect on the amount of solar radiation entering to the underlying surface of these areas. In terms of solar power, the best conditions will exist at the southern parts of Morocco, excluding the coast where the total cloud fraction will have the least impact on the amount of solar radiation reaching the earth’s surface and on sunshine duration.

The article reviews etiology and pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and diagnosis of the renovascular disease. Main non-invasive diagnostic methods – functional tests and diagnostic images – are discussed. Much attention has been paid to methods of ultrasound diagnosis, value of magnetic resonance angiography and computed tomography angiography in the diagnosis of renovascular disease, their advantages, disadvantages, indications and perspectives for usage, taking into account indications for revascularization and assessment of the treatment efficacy. Problems and complications of the diagnostic methods are discussed as well.

The manuscript reviews the prevalence, methods of treatment, complications, morbidity, and mortality of patients with renovascular hypertension. According to current guidelines, there are three interrelated strategies for treatment of renovascular hypertension: antihypertensive drug therapy (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers and calcium antagonists), invasive (percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty and stenting) and surgical (revascularization or nephrectomy) treatment. The data of uncontrolled studies suggest that renal artery angioplasty or stenting provide a significant reduction of systolic blood pressure and improvement of chronic renal failure.

The aim – to establish the clinical features influencing the choice of revascularization method in patients with stable coronary artery disease and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LV) in real-life clinical practice. Materials and methods. The cross-sectional single-center retrospective study analyzed data from clinical and instrumental examination of 115 patients with coronary artery disease prepared for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) (n = 71) or coronary stenting (n = 44). Results. The two groups had no significant differences regarding demographic and anthropometric indices, most laboratory parameters and background medications. However, patients of the CABG group had more often hypertension, mostly 2 and 3 degrees (95.8 % vs. 84 %), stable angina III and IV functional class (51.3 % vs. 28.7 %). In addition, these patients had more severe diastolic dysfunction and higher left ventricular end-diastolic volume. According to the coronary angiography, CABG group patients more often had unprotected left main (UPLM) disease (28.2 % vs 4.6 %, p = 0.004), and three-vessel disease without UPLM (45 % vs 31.8 %, p < 0.001). Instead, one-vessel disease was more often registered in the stenting group. Significant differences in quality of life by majority measures of MLHFQ and SF-36 questionnaires in the compared groups were not found. Conclusions. Features of the patients with coronary artery disease and preserved left ventricular function, selected for CABG, are more pronounced stable angina (III and IV functional class) and heart failure, often the presence of UPLM and multivessel disease. Group of patients selected for coronary artery stenting was at least not inferior to CABG group regarding quality of life indicators. In patients with specific anatomical variants of coronary lesions potential impact upon quality of life is a key to choosing the method of revascularization.

The article analyzes the current state of climatology in Ukraine, the problems and prospects for its development. It is shown that although Ukraine the signed the Paris Agreement and this fact is very important for the development of modern climatology, Ukraine's state policy on climate change has a fragmented character and is currently considered exclusively as a component of environmental policy. The lack of systems approach to the problem of climate change makes it impossible to make management decisions on actions for climate change adaptation and mitigation at the scale of whole economy of Ukraine. At the same time, the new tasks, which are due to the expediency of ratification by Ukraine of the Paris Agreement and the further implementation of its provisions, require the development of a coherent and consistent state policy on climate change. The main scientific directions of the development of climate services in Ukraine are presented in accordance with the Global Framework for Climate Services. The main tasks for each element of climate services – a platform for interaction with users, an information system for climate services, observing and monitoring systems, capacity development – are outlined for Ukraine, problems are indicated and prospective directions of development are proposed.

Methods of the radiation diagnosis of pulmonary embolism and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension are reviewed in this article; the comparison, advantages and limitations of these methods are discussed. The principle of lung perfusion scintigraphy and its differences from other radiation examinations are described. The place of lung perfusion scintigraphy in the contemporary diagnostic protocols has been determined. The important advantages of this method are high sensitivity, high negative predictive value, non-invasiveness, safety and low radiation exposure. The technique, regimes and evaluation of lung perfusion scintigraphy results are described. We present clinical cases with usage of lung perfusion scintigraphy. Conclusions about its efficiency and application instructions have been obtained.

Temperature is one of the main meteorological parameters. It determines the weather and climatic conditions, and impacts on human activities. Weather and climate conditions (precisely air temperature) are the most important factors which affect natural and recreational resources and also stipulate recreational and tourist activities. The article discusses the possible impact of air temperature changes from 2021 to 2050 on recreational and tourist activities in Ukrainian regions. We have analyzed the data gathered by 85 observation stations which are located in various Ukrainian regions. The analysis was based on scenario due to average level of greenhouse gases emissions (medium climate change pattern) for 30 years (2021-2050). The coastal zone in North-western part of the Black Sea has one of the high level of recreational-tourism potential. The fore-cast in this region makes rather small increasing of the temperature in summer time. So, it has not significant influence to the present forms of recreation and tourism activities. The research indicates that changes in average annual, average summer and winter air temperatures according to the scenario will not significantly affect the possibility of summer recreational and tourism activities. Also climate changes will not affect sustainable development of recreation and the level of thermal impact on recreants (tourists) within Ukrainian regions. Following this climate change scenario we don’t anticipate significant deterioration of weather conditions for winter recreation and tourism activities, especially for the Ukrainian Carpathians.

Предложена структура системы дистанционного обучения, которая дает возможность реализовать концепцию активного обучения и обеспечить новый уровень взаимоотношений "обучающийся–преподаватель–учебное заведение". Разработана модель информационных взаимосвязей системы дистанционного образования, на основе которой можно оценивать результативность обучения по данным обратной связи, обеспечивать согласование целей и задач обучения различных категорий пользователей, использовать опыт прошлого обучения для повышения качества текущего обучения, реализовывать индивидуализацию учебного процесса и централизацию хранения данных обучения.

На базе системной методологии исследованы механизмы согласования деятельности субъектов в дистанционном образовании для нахождения рационального компромисса целей субъектов обучения, учебных заведений и агентов рынка труда. На схемах взаимосвязей компонентов системы образования в процессе обучения и на схеме взаимодействия учебных заведений проиллюстрированы преимущества такого подхода. Предложена математическая постановка задачи обеспечения рационального компромисса целей. Разработан алгоритм ее решения.

Розглянуто проблему розробки інструментарію бази знань для осіб, які приймають рішення у відкритому та дистанційному навчанні. Розроблено математичну модель вибору раціональних варіантів навчання відповідно до потреб суб’єкта. Модель базується на використанні підходу Белмана-Заде до вирішення задачі досягнення нечітко визначеної мети.

The paper analyzes spatiotemporal features the indices of hot, cold and precipitation that are related to weather conditions. The temperature in Ukraine tends to be higher, which is the main regional feature of global climate changes. The North Atlantic Oscillation had an influence on the precipitation in Ukraine – weather is rainier during its negative phases. Also, colder night and hotter days were more frequent during negative phases of the NAO. This fact can be explained by enhancing meridional flows in Ukraine. The wavelet analysis also revealed an impact of the NAO on temperature anomalies – positive phases determined increasing monthly minimum temperatures before the 1980s and decreasing ones after 1980s. Also, the wavelet analysis showed that the Nor-th Atlantic Oscillation influenced the precipitation in northern and southern parts of Ukraine in different ways.

The aim of the study was to create a new permanent cava filter to improve functional capacities of the construction and achieve high clinical parameters. A new geometry of the permanent inferior vena cava filter was presented which has high blood clot-capturing ability, does not cause thrombus fragmentation, makes migration impossible. The inferior vena cava filter does not injure the vessel wall and preserves integrity under long-term use. The inferior vena cava filter installation is safe and controllable, the filter self-positioning and reposition are possible, the delivery system size is 6F, the blood flow changing is minimal.

Global climate change has provoked an active development in modern methods relating to the prediction of spatiotemporal hydrometeorological fields. Numerical modeling of nearest-future climatic changes allows to generate strategies of development for different areas of economic activity. The paper aims to assess the expected air temperature and precipitation features in Ukraine considering different scenarios of climatic change. The modeling future changes of air temperature and precipitation were carried out using the A1B and A2 scenarios of climatic change. The outcomes of regional climate model ECHAM5 from ENSEMBLES Project were used as initial data. It was revealed that the air temperature will gradually increase in most of Ukrainian regions. Moreover highest air temperature will be recorded in Southern Ukraine during 2031-2050. The analysis of linear trends for 2031-2050 showed that the air temperature for the scenario A1B will exhibit a tendency to the decrease of temperature. However, the annually mean temperature in 2031-2050 for the ‘moderate’ scenario A1B will be higher than for the ‘hard’, in terms of greenhouse gases concentrations, scenario A2. The annual precipitation in Ukraine, both for the A1B and A2 scenario, will slightly increase toward the 2050 with the exception of Southern Ukraine. Also, the highest annual precipitation will be registered in the western part of Ukraine, and lowest – in the southern one. The paper can be expanded to the analysis of future dangerous weather phenomena depending on the changes of air temperature and precipitation.