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The paper is devoted to development of theoretical and methodological foundations, conceptual provisions and practical recommendations for the development of innovation ecosystems of Ukraine. The theoretical and methodological foundations of the concept of innovation ecosystem as a result of the development of innovation theory are improved; the interconnection between glocalization of the world economy and the development of innovation processes is revealed. The research revealed the leading role of industry in the development of innovation ecosystems. Scientific and methodical approach for assessment of innovation activities in industry was developed; analysis and assessment of innovation processes in industry was carried out on the basis of proposed approaches in the context of industries and regions. The necessity of neo-industrialization of the economy is substantiated as a condition for the development of the national innovation ecosystem of Ukraine. Obstacles on the way to neo-industrialization and development of national innovation ecosystem are identified and characterized, the proposals for overcoming them have been developed. Systematization of the institutional foundations, the state and problems of European integration of Ukraine in scientific, technical and innovation sphere has been carried out; the directions of strengthening of Ukrainian participation in the European research area were revealed. A conceptual approach to the development of national innovation ecosystem of Ukraine in accordance with the requirements of the European NUTS classification was proposed; a conceptual model of Ukrainian innovation ecosystems was developed. The proposals for the institutional support of the formation of regional innovation ecosystems of Ukraine at the level of economic regions are substantiated. The scientific and methodological approach to the formation of special economic zones as stimulating regulatory regimes aimed at the development of innovation ecosystems was improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]