1. УТВОРЕННЯ ТА ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ФРЕОНІВ ПРИ ЕЛЕКТРОЛІТИЧНОМУ ОТРИМАННІ ЦИРКОНІЮ, ГАФНІЮ, ТОРІЮ ТА УРАНУ.
- Author
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В. Г., Нефедов, А. П., Мухачев, К. М., Сухий, О. А., Бєляновська, and М. К., Сухий
- Subjects
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ELECTRIC conductivity , *MANUFACTURING processes , *POTASSIUM iodide , *ELECTRIC power consumption , *ZIRCONIUM , *GAS purification - Abstract
The processes of obtaining freons by processing anode gases during the production of nuclear-grade zirconium have been studied. Anode processes in the production of zirconium by electrolysis of K2ZrF6 - KCl - KF, K2ZrF6 - KCl - KF - KI and ZrF4 - KCl - KF are considered. The disadvantages of using the traditional electrolyte K2ZrF6 - KCl - KF are revealed. It is shown that the introduction of potassium iodide in the amount of 0.03-0.5% iodine into the electrolyte reduces the discharge of chlorine at the anode and its concentration in the anode gas to 1%. It has been established that due to a decrease in the KCl discharge in the presence of iodine ions, this makes it possible, when operating the electrolyzer with a current load of 10 kA on the electrolyte K2ZrF6 - KCl - KF - KI, to increase its productivity by 6%, to reduce the consumption of KCl from 218.0 kg to 40.0 kg per day, while reducing the formation of ballast (KF) by 1.8 times stabilizes the electrolyte level and the electrolysis process. This contributes to an increase in current efficiency, while increasing to 65%, and reducing the consumption of electricity and salts: when KI is introduced, the consumption of a mixture of K2ZrF6 and KCl salts decreases by 1.7 times, and the specific consumption of NaOH alkali for gas purification from chlorine drops from 0, 7 t to 0.01 tons per 1 ton of Zr. The specific power consumption is reduced by 16 kWh/kg. It has been established that the replacement of K2ZrF6 with ZrF4 and a decrease in electrolyte fluoride by 3–5% contributes to an increase in electrical conductivity and current efficiency up to 78%, which makes it possible to reduce the specific power consumption to 40 kWh per 1 kg of powder. The processing of products of anodic reactions is shown to allow obtaining fluoro-chloro-derivative hydrocarbons, in particular, freons F-11 - F-14. It has been established that the freon yield when using electrolyte K2ZrF6 - KCl - KF is 1.00, K2ZrF6 - KCl - KF - KI - 0.78 and ZrF4 - KCl - KF - 1.50 kg/kg of zirconium powder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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