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The computer pharmaceutical knowledge bases are effective tools of information support for the organization provision of medicines, pharmaceutical care and education of pharmaceutical specialists. The purpose of the work іs to substantiate the urgency of developing the computer pharmaceutical knowledge base «Pharmaceutical care for patients with diabetes» with increasing the number of the functional tasks of the information blocks of medicine provision management pharmaceutical care to patients with diabetes mellitus, didactic support of educational system of pharmacists in the conditions of various types of crisis situations. The objects of the study were the components of the information system about medicinal products, informational materials on the problems of pharmaceutical care for patients with diabetes mellitus during the period of the COVID-19 epidemic and the period of martial law. The methods of studying the need for information about medicines, pharmaceutical diagnostics, construction of information arrays of computer pharmaceutical knowledge bases were used. The following areas of expansion of the information arrays of blocks are substantiated: «Medicines» – inclusion of materials on new and classic drugs for the treatment of COVID-19; changes in the arsenal of antidiabetic drugs due to martial law; «Management of pharmaceutical care» – inclusion of systematized scientific data on the problem of specialization of information provision; «Reforming the health care system (pharmaceutical subsystem)» – adding information materials to optimize the management of the supply of antidiabetic drugs in view of the systematized measures overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic, epidemics of other genesis, anti-crisis measures in the health care system during the period of martial law; «Education of pharmaceutical specialists (postgraduate stage)» – filling with materials of provision of medicines and pharmaceutical care for patients with COVID-19 also have diabetes mellitus and during martial law. The structure of the computerized pharmaceutical knowledge base «Pharmaceutical care for patients with diabetes» was substantiated and the directions of its development were worked out in view of the expansion of functional tasks during the COVID-19 pandemic and martial law.

Urolithiasis ranks second among urological diseases, after inflammatory processes, and first among surgical interventions in urological hospitals. The problem of this disease treatment is a long-term rehabilitation and disablement, which entails a significant increase in costs and requires changes in the tactics of treatment of patients. Since its introduction until today, percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the standard treatment for nephrolithiasis with a stone size of more than 1.5–2.0 cm. In its standard version, PCNL ends with the placement of nephrostomy catheter through the formed parenchymal channel, but there are techniques of the surgery completion either without nephrostomy catheter with a JJ stent – tubeless PCNL, or without nephrostomy and JJ stent at all – totally tubeless PCNL. However, nowadays, the use of tubeless and totally tubeless techniques is one of the most controversial topics in percutaneous nephrolithotomy in terms of safety and efficacy in their application. Aim. To analyze the results and safety of percutaneous nephrolithotomy by means of tubeless and totally tubeless techniques based on scientific evidence. Analysis of the scientific literature shows that tubeless and totally tubeless PCNL techniques are a safe method of percutaneous surgery and their application reduces pain and analgesic requirements in the postoperative period, shortens the length of postoperative hospital stay, and enhances recovery after surgery in patients, therefore resulting in cost-saving treatment. Conclusions. Tubeless and totally tubeless PCNLs are recommended for widespread use in urological practice, but it is worth to mention that these techniques should be performed in selected patients and by an operating surgeon with significant experience in percutaneous surgery.

Reforming the pharmaceutical component of healthcare in Ukraine is accompanied by the active introduction of innovative digital information technologies. This confirms the relevance of processing the methodology of computerization of pharmaceutical information exchange processes. Purpose of the research was taking into account the standards of computer systems, to develop a methodology for creating a unified register of pharmaceutical and medical products as the basis for an effective system for the digital exchange of pharmaceutical information in Ukraine. Objects of research: pharmaceutical information, information flows in integration with the processes that accompany it in the system of providing the population with pharmaceutical and medical products. The ontology of the pharmaceutical supply system for the population of Ukraine has been processed by the methods of pharmaceutical informatics. In particular, the methodology of creation and structuring of pharmaceutical computer databases, ontological analysis of the functional structure of the pharmaceutical system, and coding of pharmaceutical information were used. Results: the definition of the term «pharmaceutical and medical products/product» (PhMP) is specified; enterprises or their structural subdivisions – components of the pharmaceutical supply system for the population – are conditionally classified by the type of logistic processes of the specified system; enterprises or their structural units – components of the drug supply system for the population – were conditionally classified according to the type of logistic processes of the specified system; the types of products that are consumed (used) when creating a PhMP were identified; a list of specialists has been indicated and steps were given that are necessary to implement the task of building a Unified Register (UR) of PhMP; the methodology for the development of the information structure of the UR of PhMP and its sub-registries (which can also act as autonomous registries) has been presented; the structure of the State Register of Medicinal Products of Ukraine has been considered from the point of view of using the information available in it when constructing the UR of PhMP. A methodology has been developed for the creation of the UR of PhMP.as the basis for an effective digital exchange of pharmaceutical information in Ukraine. The expediency of introducing a system for using the Unified Identifiers as the main condition for the functioning of the Unified Computer System for the Exchange of Pharmaceutical Information in Ukraine has been substantiated. An analysis of the sources of basic pharmaceutical information has been carried out for the formation of Unified Registers. An algorithm has been developed for constructing unified registers and their functioning (including integral links between individual Unified Registries) as components of the Unified Computer System for the Exchange of Pharmaceutical Information in Ukraine.

Congenital heart defects in adulthood constitute the sufficient proportion of cardiac pathology. The common arterial trunk (CAT) is one of the сongenital cardiac defects that is described in the adult population. Without surgical intervention, patients who survived become inoperable quickly due to the development of early congestive heart insufficiency and pulmonary hypertension. The purpose of the research is to analyze the autopsy case of unoperated congenital cardiac defects in adulthood. Materials and methods. The pathomorphological analysis of the case of death of a 33-year-old male with untreated complex congenital heart defect – CAT, ventricular septal defect, Eisenmenger's syndrome was made using standard and elective histological techniques. Results. In the forensic examination of the body of the deceased 33-year-old male, congenital heart defect was diagnosed as CAT and ventricular septal defect. Coronary, pulmonary and major arteries of a large circle of blood circulate from the CAT. Congenital heart defect has been complicated by the development of cardiomegaly (heart weight 1500 g) with myocardial hypertrophy of both ventricles and led to decompensation of cardiac activity. During the pathohistological examination of the valve of the CAT we determined the foci of fibrinoid necrosis, myxomatosis, single accumulation of lymphocytes, focal fibrosis. In the myocardium of the right and left ventricles we observed hypertrophy, focal contraction and fragmentation of cardiomyocytes, expressed intramuscular edema, sclerosis of the walls of the small intramural arteries with perifocal areas of vacuolar degeneration of cardiomyocytes, stromal cardiosclerosis, isolated interstitial infiltration of lymphocytes, dilatation of lymphatic vessels. In the pulmonary tissue diffuse hemosiderosis, multiple intravalveolar hemorrhages, sclerosis of the small pulmonary arteries with the formation of two- and three-sided lumen, sclerosis of interalveolar membranes were detected. Morphological changes in the myocardium and lungs confirm prolonged congestive heart failure and pulmonary hypertension. Conclusions. We describe a unique case of long-term survival of a patient with CAT without surgical intervention. The complex of pathomorphological changes of the described case testifies to cardiovascular remodeling, which is the base of hemodynamic evolution of complex congenital heart disease and allowed the man to live up to 33 years without surgical intervention.

Purpose. Development and use of a mathematical model of the stages of formation of high-voltage pulse discharges in gas bubbles in the discharge gap «rod-plane» to identify the features of the electric field intensity distribution in the reactor and determine the current density in the load during disinfection and purification of liquid media by high-voltage pulse discharges and find the most rational treatment. Methodology. To achieve this goal, we used computer modeling using the finite element method as a method of numerical analysis. An experimental reactor model was created that takes into account the dynamics of discharges in gas bubbles in water. The equations describing the system include the generalized Ampere equation, the Poisson equation and the electric displacement equation, taking into account the corresponding initial and boundary conditions, as well as the properties of materials. The dependence of the potential of a high-voltage electrode on time has the form of a damped sinusoid, and the specific electrical conductivity in a gas bubble is a function of time. Processes occurring at the front of the voltage pulse from 0 to 20 ns are considered. Results. It is shown that with an increase in conductivity and high-voltage potential to amplitude values in a gas bubble, the electric field strength in the water layer in the reactor reaches 70 kV/cm, and it is in the water layer that there is a strong electric field. The calculations show that already by 19th ns the density of conduction currents in water prevails over that of displacement currents. At the same time, additional inclusions in the water significantly affect the distribution of electric field strength and current density, creating a significant difference in their values at the boundaries of the interface between the bubble, conductive element and water. Originality. A simulation of the dynamics of transient discharge processes in a gas bubble and a layer of water with impurities was carried out, including an analysis of the distribution of the electric field strength and current density in a system with rod-plane electrodes in the phase transition section of a gas bubble-water. This approach allows us to reveal the features of processes in reactors and to investigate the influence of phase transitions on the distribution of electrophysical quantities. Practical value. Computer simulations confirm the prospect of using nanosecond discharges generated in gas bubbles within a volume of water for widespread industrial use and are of great interest for further experimental and theoretical research. References 25, figures 9.

Among acute odontogenic inflammatory diseases, a significant subset comprises purulent processes in soft tissues, including abscesses and phlegmons. Methods. The study encompassed 90 patients (both male and female) diagnosed with maxillofacial phlegmons, aged between 35 and 60 years. These patients were divided into three clinical groups, each comprising 30 individuals, further categorized into two subgroups based on circadian rhythms. Analyzing the obtained data, it can be asserted that the most significant changes in markers of lipid peroxidation in patients with superficial phlegmons of maxillofacial localization were experienced in both experimental groups when used against the background of treatment according to standard protocols of intravenous injections of the cryopreserved placenta without and in combination with local injection of the cryopreserved placenta as part of "Levomekol" ointment, in contrast to the control group. It was proved that the markers of lipid peroxidation underwent the most significant changes in both clinical groups compared to the control group, but the largest changes were visualized in the second clinical group. On the 5th day of treatment, SOD activity reliably increases by 15.7% in patients with the morning chronotype and 14.9% - with the evening chronotype. A significant decrease in erythrocyte catalase activity by 51.5% was noted in patients with the evening chronotype and 56.1% - with the morning chronotype. In the control group, significant changes were noted only in the late stages of treatment. The dependence of lipid peroxidation markers on the timing of surgical intervention on the patient's circadian rhythm was established, which is most clearly observed in the 2nd clinical group. Optimal healing of a purulent wound helps to reduce the duration of treatment, accelerate the rehabilitation of patients, and improve the formation of a postoperative scar. Conclusion. Thus, aligning the timing of surgical intervention for maxillofacial phlegmons with the patient's circadian rhythm, particularly when combined with intravenous injections and local application of placenta cryoextract alongside standard treatment, contributes to an optimal modulation of lipid peroxidation markers.

Purpose. Determination by means of computer simulation of the most efficient modes of operation of the installation for water disinfection using discharges in gas bubbles, in which (modes) the amplitude of voltage pulses at the processing unit and on the layer of treated water is not less than the voltage amplitude immediately after the switching discharger. Methodology. To achieve this goal, we used computer simulation using Micro-Cap 10. We used two different electrical circuits that simulate the operation of the experimental setup in two different modes: in a mode with a restoring electrical strength of the discharge gap in the gas bubble between two adjacent voltage pulses on the discharge node and in the mode without restoring this dielectric strength. In computer simulation, we varied the following factors: the maximum simulation step, inductances, capacitances, active resistances, wave resistance of a long line, and the delay time for the operation of a spark gap simulating a discharge gap in a gas bubble. Results. Computer modeling has shown that in order to increase the voltage amplitude at the treatment unit and on the layer of treated water, it is necessary to reduce the load capacitance – the capacitance of the water layer in the treatment unit to 10 pF or less, to increase the active resistance of the water layer to 500 W or more. An important factor for increasing the voltage and electric field strength in the discharge unit and, consequently, for increasing the efficiency of treated water disinfection is the discharge delay time in gas bubbles. The most rational delay time for the operation of the arrester, which is the gap in the gas bubble inside the water, under the conditions considered by us is 4–5 ns. It is with this delay time that the amplitude of voltage pulses at the node of disinfecting water treatment and on the layer of treated water is maximum, all other things being equal. Furthermore, with such a delay time this amplitude of voltage pulses significantly exceeds the voltage amplitude directly after the main high-voltage discharger, switching energy from the high-voltage capacitive storage to the processing unit through a long line filled with water. Originality. Using computer simulation, we have shown the possibility of increasing the voltage at the discharge unit of the experimental setup by 35 % without increasing the voltage of the power source. This provides a higher efficiency of microbiological disinfection of water by nanosecond discharges in gas bubbles and lower specific energy consumption. Practical value. The obtained results of computer simulation confirm the prospect of industrial application of installations using nanosecond discharges for disinfection and purification of wastewater, swimming pools and post-treatment of tap water.

Introduction. The article describes a new method of improving erectile function by incerting long-acting subcutaneous implants with the phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE 5) inhibitor. The aim of the study: To evaluate the effectiveness of tadalafil in the treatment of erectile dysfunction using bioidentical pellets. Materials and methods: The study included 10 men under 65 years of age who had suffered from erectile dysfunction for more than 1 year. For the examination before and 4 months after the intervention, the following were performed: filling out the MIEF-5 questionnaire, phical examination, Doppler of penile vessels, «Erection Hardness Scale», laboratory examination (general and biochemical blood tests, general urine analysis and hormonal testing, including determination of the levels of total testosterone, free testosterone, prolactin, estradiol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate. All patients received implants with bioidentical tadalafil 75 mg. The pellet was inserted in a sterile operating room through a 3 mm skin incision in the outer quadrant of the gluteal region and inserting the substance into the subcutaneous fat. Results: All patients showed an improvement in MIEF-5 from 14.7 ± 2.75 to 20.7 ± 1.49, an increase in systolic blood flow velocity and penile rigidity at the tenth minute after prostaglandin E1 injection on Doppler vascular examination. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the efficacy of tadalafil by pellet administration in the treatment of erectile dysfunction in men younger than 65 years.

Наукова стаття присвячена дослідженню проблематики гарантування суб’єктивних публічних прав адміністративно-процедурними засобами за умов воєнного стану. Мета статті полягає у дослідженні прийнятих органами законодавчої та виконавчої влади нормативно-правових актів, якими внесено зміни в порядок реалізації приватними особами їх прав та виконання обов’язків у сфері публічного адміністрування; з’ясуванні, чи забезпечена у прийнятих актах дія принципів адміністративної процедури; аналізі змін у правовому регулюванні процедури надання адміністративних послуг; формулюванні висновків про стан адміністративно-процедурного забезпечення реалізації суб’єктивних публічних прав в умовах воєнного стану; окресленні векторів подальшого законодавчого оновлення інституту адміністративної процедури з огляду на євроінтеграційні прагнення України. За результатами дослідження зроблено висновки щодо провідної ролі Кабінету Міністрів України в правовій регламентації адміністративної процедури, зумовленій вимогами воєнного стану; наведено інструментарій адміністративно-процедурного регулювання в умовах воєнного стану, до якого віднесено: продовження строку дії документів, спрощення адміністративного провадження, цифровізація комунікації та документів, екстериторіальність компетенції адміністративних органів, активніше застосування інтероперабельності як можливості взаємодії публічних реєстрів, скасування процедур обтяжуючого особу характеру; акцентовано на необхідності впровадження правил адміністративної процедури в правове поле України, а також презюмовано можливість використання деяких інструментів адміністративно-процедурного забезпечення прав приватної особи, застосованих в умовах воєнного стану, для врегулювання суспільних відносин у мирний час.

The article presents the main methodological approaches and criteria for the necessity of development and introduction of the State Registration of GMOs sources in Ukraine. The list of analytical researches that are to be carried out at the registration of the GMO source, expert evaluation of GMO identification methods, reproduction of detection methods, identification and quantification of GMOs are given. Submitted and analyzed legislative documents regulating the procedure for registration and control of GMO circulation in the countries of the European Union and Ukraine. DNDKI of veterinary preparations and fodder supplements on the tasks of the State Committee of Veterinary Medicine of Ukraine during 2010-2018 a number of normative documents were developed regarding procedures related to the use and circulation of feed, feed additives, premixes and veterinary preparations that are composed, containing or made using genetically modified sources in Ukraine: the procedure for state registration, the procedure for carrying out the state veterinary and sanitary examination of GMOs for sources of forage feed additives and veterinary preparations ativ plan state monitoring GMO sources of feed, feed additives, premixes for livestock and poultry. The procedure determines the procedure for state registration of GMOs for sources of feed, feed additives and veterinary preparations containing genetically modified organisms or obtained from their use. It is envisaged that the state register of GMO sources is conducted in the form approved by the State Service of Ukraine for Food Safety and Consumer Protection. On the basis of the analysis, a draft list of feeds, feed materials, protein-vitamin concentrates and premixes that have to be monitored for GMO content has been developed. This project list includes soy, corn, rape and products of their processing, fodder, feed mixes, feed concentrates, etc. In the SSRCI of veterinary drugs and supplements, in 2018, the “Guidelines for identifying the GM soya line (Soybean MON40-3-2) GTS 40-3-2” were developed and approved. “Methodological recommendations are intended to identify the GM soya line (Soybean MON40-3 -2) GTS 40-3-2 (Genetically modified soybean that contains – genetically modified soybean containing (cp4 epsps gene inserted to confer tolerance to herbicide glyphosate) cp4 epsps gene inserted to provide resistance to glyphosate herbicide (glyphosate) in plant material, feed and food products by polymerase chain reaction in real time (PCR-RF )”. The qualitative determination of GMOs is based on the discovery of genetically modified (GM) targeted regulatory sequences of the 35S Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV) promoter or FMV promoter and/or the NOS (T-NOS) T1 terminator of Agrobacterium tumefaciens plasmids that are introduced into the genetic constructs of GM based on the use of the multiplex polymerase chain reaction method to obtain real-time research results – PCR RF.

Aim. Comparative assessment of various methods of miscarriage treatment efficacy in multifetal pregnancy taking into account the cervical remodeling. Materials and Methods. 62 pregnant women with dichorionic twins were observed. The general, somatic, obstetric-gynecological anamnesis, the pregnancy and childbirth course and the state of newborns were studied. All women underwent transvaginal cervicometry throughout the pregnancy. The cervical length and the shape of internal cervical os were determined. Results. In women with uncomplicated pregnancy cervical length was shortened from 43.2 ± 3.9 mm to 38.2 ± 4.0 mm up to 20 weeks’ gestation, from 37.7 ± 4.1 mm to 30.2 ± 3.9 mm up to 30 weeks and to 21.1 ± 3.1 mm up to 37 weeks. In the period of 25–27 weeks V-shaped endocervical canal opening was observed in half of the women and remained until the end of gestation. Cervix shortening was most pronounced in patients with pregnancy threatening miscarriage, who received only tocolytic therapy. In the 2nd trimester V- or U-shaped endocervical canal opening was observed. At 34–36 weeks the length of cervix was significantly shorter than in uncomplicated pregnancy. The rate of cervical length shortening among pregnant women of the risk group, who were treated with a vaginal pessary, and women with uncomplicated pregnancy was similar. The cervical remodeling with a vaginal pessary was not significantly different from that in normal course of multifetal pregnancy before childbirth. In addition, there were no significant differences in the characteristics of delivery, the perinatal mortality indicators and the newborns state. Conclusions. In pregnant women with uncomplicated multifetal pregnancy cervical length shortening is observed as the gestational age increases. In pregnant women with pregnancy threatening miscarriage, who received tocolytic therapy, the cervix was the most shortened. V- and U-shaped endocervical canal changes were observed in the late gestation. Changes in the cervix after vaginal pessary placement are similar to those in uncomplicated pregnancy.

Changes in morphological and gender structure of turfs, seasonal dynamics of the photosynthetic pigments and photochemical activity of isolated chloroplasts in moss Ceratodon purpureus (Hedw.) Brid. under the conditions of techogenic environment: recultivated dump of mine “Nadia” (Sosnivka) in Chervonograd mining region and PJSC “Mykolayivtsement” (Lviv region) are discussed. It was found that increase in leaf amount on the shoot and leaf area index is one of the water saving mechanisms in turfs and photoprotection of moss pigment system. Study of peculiarities of the seasonal variability of chloroplasts photochemical activity and quantitative and qualitative composition of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls, carotenoids, pheophytins) and total anthocyanins content provided an opportunity to find out multilevel aspects of adaptive strategy C. purpureus under unfavorable microclimatic and edaphic conditions of technogenic environment.

The effect of salicylic acid on the content of phenolic compounds and anthocyanins in wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) affected by cadmium chloride was investigated. Increase in phenolic compounds content in cadmium-stressed plants was established. Preincubation with salicylic acid reduces phenol content, demonstrating growth activation, however increase in phenols content negatively correlates with photosynthetic productivity and nitrogen accumulation in leaves. Disproportion of distribution of the phenolic compounds in plant organism with significant predominance of their accumulation in root system was revealed. Salicylic acid increases content of anthocyanins in the shoots of 21-days-old plants under cadmium stress. An increase in phenols’ concentration in wheat plants caused by toxic effect of cadmium chloride affirms their functioning as prooxidants. Obtained results do not contradict the realization of antioxidant function by them. A decrease in phenol content in plant roots and shoots and increase in anthocyanin pool after preincubation with salicylic acid dsuggest their role as the components of adaptive response to cadmium stress.

Тhe article presents the autopsy case of a newborn child with a congenital defect of anterior abdominal wall – gastroschisis. Histopathological examination revealed granulomas in the subserous layer of the colon, composed of moderate number of lymphocytes, elements of amniotic fluid, surrounded by fibrinogenous thickening.