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Aim. The work aimed to analyze and highlight the problems of chronic wound healing and modern methods of stimulation of reparative processes according to literature sources. An analysis of the scientific literature was carried out, in which views on the problems of wound healing are presented, taking into account the factors affecting the formation and healing of chronic wounds, and modern methods that stimulate reparation processes. Identifying the problems of wound healing will allow a comprehensive approach to the assessment of the wound process, taking into account the factors affecting the healing of injuries. Modern scientists are actively discussing the problems of wound healing, researching factors influencing the reparative process, including the high prevalence of chronic wounds, diagnosis and treatment of wound infections, age of patients, and state of immunity. In the case of systemic diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular pathology, etc., there is a violation of microcirculation, and as a result, there are violations of the phasing of reparative processes at the cellular level. As a result, the alteration process does not end and the process becomes chronic. In case of a mechanical injury, when adaptation reserves are reduced, primarily of the neurohumoral system, a key role is played by the disruption of regulatory mechanisms at the cellular level. Wound treatment requires surgical treatment, stimulation of angiogenesis, and other reparative processes at the systemic and local levels. In recent years, various methods of stimulating reparative processes have been used in clinical practice to treat wounds: local administration of recombinant growth factors, use of platelet-rich plasma, biotechnological wound dressings, and artificial skin substitutes. One of the most promising areas of wound treatment is the development of methods for targeted activation of stem cells. However, there are still insufficient data for the practical application of this method. Clinically effective and safe methods are still being developed. Physical methods are promising for improving the healing of chronic wounds. However, the selection of optimal parameters for physical action continues to be an urgent task. Despite the positive results obtained using the methods described above, there is a need for additional experimental studies and randomized controlled trials. Conclusions. Chronic wounds develop as a result of severe systemic diseases, and major mechanical injuries against the background of a decrease in physiological reserves due to emotional and psychological stress, obesity, etc. Choosing the right method of influencing the reparative process, taking into account the leading mechanism of damage repair, becomes very important to ensure the best chance for optimal wound healing.

The problem of alimentary dystrophy, which develops due to various reasons, is an urgent problem, especially in patients with tumors of the head and neck. After removal of tumors, patients have large postoperative defects that interfere with proper nutrition. Therefore, to provide the body with the necessary nutrients, enteral nutrition is especially important. In addition, successful wound healing requires adequate blood supply and sufficient levels of nutrients, which depends on the general condition of the body and the patient's diet. However, the degree of reparative processes correlates not only with the number of substrates of anabolism, but also with the proper functioning of the liver. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of the drug for enteral nutrition and glutargin on the reparative properties of rats’ wounds on the background of partial food deprivation. The study was performed on 60 adult male rats weighing 280±20 grams of the Wistar line, with a mean age of 15 weeks. Prior to the experimental study the regenerative properties of the animals were on partial food deprivation. On the 10th day, a wound with a diameter of 2.0 cm was inflicted. Then the rats were divided into 4 groups: 1 group (control) received food according to physiological needs; Group 2 (food derivation (FD)); Group 3 (FD+enteral nutrition); Group 4 (FD+enteral nutrition +glutargin). Against the background of alimentary dystrophy (20% weight loss) on the first day there was a significant difference in the edges of the wound due to loss of its elasticity. Wound contraction processes up to 14-15 days in all observation groups were quite active, regardless of the factors of malnutrition with cereals or additional therapeutic diet "Peptamen" or in combination with glutargin. Thus, every three days the area of wounds decreased by 30-40 mm2 on an average. Only on the 15th-17th day the difference in the rate of wound contraction becomes visible and statistically significant. Thus, on the 15th day the largest wounds were in the second group on the background of partial food deprivation (p<0.05), at the same time in the first (control) and in the fourth groups the average area was almost equal (p>0.05). The smallest (p<0.05) area of wounds was observed in the first group (control) on the 15th day. On the 17th day wound healing was observed in the fourth group (FD+enteral nutrition+glutargin), despite the expansion of wounds on the first day. A pronounced therapeutic effect correcting alimentary dystrophy was obtained with enteral nutrition (Peptamen) and glutargin at a dose of 50 mg/kg, where the wounds healed simultaneously with those in the first (control) group, ie in animals with a normal diet, indicating a high effectiveness of the proposed method of correction of alimentary dystrophy. Enteral nutrition alone (Peptamen) was also effective, as evidenced by the small size of virtually epithelialized wounds on the 17th day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. Summarize the data of the literary sources concerning the statistics of the spread of burns, their classification and methods of treatment, modern medical forms and drugs for the local treatment of burns. Methods and results. Methods of information search, analysis of statistical and literary data about burns and prospects of their treatment are used in this work. Despite the discovery of a wide range of active pharmaceutical ingredients with the necessary action, burn wounds are still remaining a big problem of modern medicine. Local treatment of burns is important, which influences to the process of healing the burn wound and for the future of the patient. All local methods of burns treatment is adapted to specific aspects (area and depth of burn, age of the patient, the etiology of burn, localization of wound, related pathologies, etc.). Conclusions. Expansion of the range of medicinal forms of existing medicines for local treatment of burns and the creation of new original preparations based on biologically active material is a promising direction of modern medicine and pharmacy.