127 results on '"pear"'
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2. Türkiye’de Ekonomik Öneme Sahip Yumuşak Çekirdekli Meyvelerin Üretim Projeksiyonu (Elma, Armut, Ayva Örneği).
- Author
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YAMAN, Mehmet and YILDIZ, Ercan
- Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Erciyes Agriculture & Animal Science is the property of Erciyes Tarim ve Hayvan Bilimleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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3. Some Properties of Probiotic Yoghurt Produced for Babies by Adding Fruit Puree, Containing B. infantis, B. bifidum, B. longum, L. paracasei
- Author
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Didem Sözeri Atik and Fatma Çoşkun
- Subjects
probiotic fruit yoghurt ,baby nutrition ,apple ,peach ,pear ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Probiotic yoghurt with fruit was produced to enrich the intestinal flora of infants and to prevent various ailments in infants when the flora is inadequate. Peach, apple and pear purees (10% and 20% each), cow milk, milk powder, starter culture (combination of Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus, Bifidobacterium infantis, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium longum and Lactobacillus paracasei) were used in the production of probiotic yogurt for babies. Some properties of yoghurt samples were investigated during fermentation and on the 1st, 7th, 14th and 21st days of storage. After ten hours of fermentation, the lowest pH was observed in samples with apple puree. It has been determined that syneresis increases with increasing concentrations of fruit purees. The water holding capacity was less in yoghurts containing fruit puree compared to control yoghurt and in 20% fruit puree compared to yoghurts containing 10% fruit puree. The number of L. bulgaricus generally increased in all samples during storage. It was determined that the number of S. thermophilus in control sample was higher than other samples during storage. The number of L. paracasei and Bifidobacterium spp. decreased during storage. While the control sample remained probiotic until the 14th day of storage, other samples lost its probiotic properties before the 7th day of storage. Considering that the number of probiotic microorganisms in a probiotic product should be at least 106-107 CFU/g according to FAO, it has been decided that the most suitable fruits for probiotic yogurt with fruit puree are peach and apple, respectively. Considering the structural features, it is more appropriate to use 10% fruit puree, and considering the probiotic feature, it is more appropriate to use 20% fruit puree. Choosing the appropriate packaging and fixing suitable storage conditions will help probiotic microorganisms to preserve their vitality for a long time.
- Published
- 2021
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4. The Effect of Vacuum Impregnation Pretreatment on Air-Drying Kinetics of Pears
- Author
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Şeyma Uysal and Fikret Pazır
- Subjects
vacuum pretreatment ,drying ,drying time ,drying kinetics ,pear ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the drying kinetics of pears (Pyrus communis L.) with and without vacuum impregnation and under the different temperature by using tray dryer. Vacuum impregnation were applied to the the pears (15 mm thickness, 65 mm outer and 20 mm inner dimensions respectively) with the conditions of 50⁰ Brix impregnation solution concentration, 225 mbar vacuum pressure and 45 min vacuum time. Drying process was carried out at temperatures of 55, 65 and 75°C. Drying time of non-vacuum impregnated pears was determined 640, 500 and 340 min and vacuum impregnated pears was determined 700, 540 and 560 min respectively. Page, Exponential, Henderson and Pabis, Diffusion Approach were examined for testing the drying kinetics. Experimental values are in accordance with the expected values resulted Page and Difussion models of with and without vacuum impregnated pears. Effective diffusion coefficient (Deff) was varying 2.74×10-11 to 7.31×10-11 m2/s. m2/s with respect to the drying temperatures. The activation energy for the non-vacuum impregnated and vacuum impregnated pears was 32.93 kJ / mol and 24.25 kJ / mol, respectively.
- Published
- 2020
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5. NaCl Stresinin Bazı Armut ve Ayva Anaçlarının Yaprak Bakır, Bor, Çinko, Demir ve Mangan İçeriklerine Etkisi.
- Author
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AYDINLI, Melih, YILDIRIM, Fatma, and TÜRKELİ, Bahar
- Subjects
- *
PLANT nutrition , *ROOTSTOCKS , *ABIOTIC stress , *QUINCE , *SALINITY , *TRACE elements - Abstract
Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stress factors limiting the productivity in higher plants. The nutrition imbalance in plants that exposed to salinity caused deterioration of cell integrity which leads to the impairment of metabolic functions that are vital for plants. The research was carried out repeatedly for two years. In 18 liter pots pear (OHxF 97, OHxF 333, Fox 11) and quince (BA 29) rootstocks were stressed which containing control, 20 mM, 40 mM and 80 mM NaCl. At the end of study the changes of Fe, Cu, Mn Zn and B elements that occur in leaves together with salt stress were investigated. According to the results of the research, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn and microelement contents in different pear and quince rootstocks under NaCl stress varied over the years depending on the rootstocks and salt concentration. Especially in plants exposed to heavy NaCl stress (80 mM), it was observed that the existing changes were more clear. Compared to the two-year average, the total microelements intake decreased by approximately 6% in saline conditions. It was determined that the intake of B element decreased under salt stress in both years. Our results showed that Fox 11 and BA 29 rootstocks in Fe and Mn uptake; Fox 11 rootstock in Zn and Cu uptake, and OHxF 97 and OHxF 333 rootstocks in B uptake were noted. In general, Fox 11 and BA 29 rootstocks were found to remove more micronutrients from the soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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6. Studies on some bio-ecological parameters and damage status of Mediterranean fruit fly in Elazığ and Malatya province
- Author
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Mehmet BUĞDAY and Mehmet KEÇECİ
- Subjects
ceratitis capitate ,tephritidae ,apple ,pear ,overwintering ,damage ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera:Tephritidae) is a crucial pest of fruit crops. The aim of the study is to determine the adult population changes, damage status and its overwintering ability of Mediterranean fruit fly in Elazığ and Malatya between 2017 and 2018. The first adult was captured in traps at the end of August 2017 in Battalgazi, Malatya while it is found at the end of June in 2018. The highest number of adults was captured on November 17 (365 adults trap-1) in 2017 and August 31 (804 adults trap-1) in 2018. Mediterranean fruit fly was seen first time on June 28 and reached the highest number 250 adults trap-1 on August 2, in the center of Elazığ province in 2018. In Baskil district, it was seen the first time on July 5, and the highest number of flies was 486 adult trap-1 (September 13). While the Mediterranean fruit fly was found in the pear and peach fruits in 2017, it was found in pear, apple, quince pomegranate, peach, jujube, persimmon fruits in 2018. The Mediterranean fruit fly caused 0.0%-53.3% damage in the sampled fruit species. Additionally, it was determined that the Mediterranean fruit fly is unable to overwinter in field conditions of Malatya and Elazığ provinces.
- Published
- 2020
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7. Determination of Pear Cultivars (Pyrus communis L.) Based on Colour Change Levels by Using Data Mining
- Author
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Dilara Gerdan, Abdullah Beyaz, and Mustafa Vatandaş
- Subjects
pear ,image processing ,colour change ,data mining ,meta-learning ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Colour is an essential parameter at product quality control stages, and finally, it is necessary for the consumer marketing decision. It is possible to damage the products during the process from collection to storage. Also, it is a well-known condition, cold environmental conditions protect fruits from deformations negative effects, but most of the time, most of the consumers keep the fruits at room temperature in open packs during the consumption process. Also, this condition affects the product storage time. In this study, it is aimed that to determine the behaviours of the fruits in room temperature and humidity conditions. For this aim the colour change of the damaged pears were determined, in another term, colour change value from red to green and yellow to blue at the damaged pears were determined with lightness values by using image analysis technique and analysed with data mining methods. For this purpose, 100 “Akça” pear and 100 “Deveci” local pear cultivar used for experiments. Fruits were equally damaged by using a pendulum mechanism. The damaged fruits were kept at room temperature. Colour change areas on fruits were evaluated with X-rite Ci60 spectrophotometer, and the hardness of fruits was measured by using a fruit penetrometer. The colour (L, a, b) and ΔE values were analysed for the fruit cultivars. The relationship between fruit hardness and colour change were also demonstrated. The predictions were done supervised machine learning algorithms (Decision Tree and Neural Networks with Meta-Learning Techniques; Majority Voting and Random Forest) by using KNIME Analytics software. The classifier performance (accuracy, error, F-Measure, Cohen's Kappa, recall, precision, true positive (TP), false positive (FP), true negative (TN), false negative (FN) values were given at the conclusion section of the research. The best prediction were found at the Majority Voting method (MAVL) 98.458 % success given with 70% partitioning.
- Published
- 2020
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8. Karadeniz Bölgesinin Yumuşak Çekirdekli Meyve Üretiminde Mevcut Durumu ve Potansiyeli.
- Author
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ÖZTÜRK, Ahmet and SERTTAŞ, Sevgi
- Subjects
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FRUIT growing , *PEARS , *FRUIT , *QUINCE , *SPECIES , *ORCHARDS , *APPLE growing , *APPLES - Abstract
The Black Sea Region, having very different ecological conditions and geographical structures and therefore can grow many fruit species, has a very important place in fruit growing in our country. The Black Sea Region realizes 11.1 % of Turkey's fruit production with 2 573 222 tons, and approximately 4.4 % of our country's pome fruit production about 225 thousand tons of pome fruit production. Pome fruit growing in the region is mainly performed in home gardens, fruit gardens and commercial orchards. Pome fruits with 8.8 % portion have second place after nuts (23.9 %) in fruit growing of the region. Apple (149 275 tons, 66.3 %) and pear (59 931 tons, 26.6 %) are produced as the highest amount among pome fruits in the region. In the region, while apples are produced in terms of both production amount and area with the other apple group (36.3 % and 37.9 %, respectively), the Amasya apple (20.9 %) in terms of production area and the Starking apple (19.7 %) in terms of production amount are followed in this group. The Black Sea Region with 1 912 tons of production supplies 38.5 % of total medlar production of Turkey. When the potential of pome fruit production in the Black Sea Region is evaluated, Amasya (46 004 tons), Samsun (27 874 tons), Kastamonu (21 509 tons) and Tokat (20 450 tons) are the main producer cities. In this study, the current situation and potential of the most produced pome fruit species in the fruit production of the Black Sea Region and Turkey are discussed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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9. Bazı Armut Çeşitlerinin (Pyrus comminus L.) Vejetatif Gelişimi Üzerine Su Stresinin Etkisi.
- Author
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KÜÇÜKYUMUK, Cenk and TÜRKELİ, Bahar
- Subjects
PEARS ,WATER purification ,ROOTSTOCKS ,TREE planting ,PLANT growth ,IRRIGATED soils - Abstract
Copyright of Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Journal of Agricultural Sciences (YYU J Agr Sci) is the property of Yuzuncu Yil University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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10. Korkuteli Soğuk Hava Depolarında Armutta Penicillium expansum'a Karşı Bazı Alternatif Mücadele Yöntemlerinin Belirlenmesi.
- Author
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ARICI, Şerife Evrim and KOÇ, Şahan
- Subjects
- *
APPLE blue mold , *POSTHARVEST diseases , *ESSENTIAL oils , *DENTAL caries , *FRUIT rots , *BACILLUS subtilis , *THYMES - Abstract
The blue mold disease caused by Penicillium expansum is one of the most important post-harvest diseases of pears. Some microorganisms and essential oils have the ability to inhibit the growth of P. expansum. The aim of this study was to determine the antagonistic effect of Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum and thyme oil in the n the 'Karyağdı' pear cultivar against Penicillium expansum". In vitro antagonism tests, T. harzianum was more effective than Bacillus subtilis and the % inhibition rates were determined as 55.97% and 49.37%, respectively. The mycelial growth of P. expansum was inhibited by 59.62-100% in the contact application of thyme oil and 54.17-100% in the fumigant application. In fruit bioassays, B. subtilis, T. harzianum and thyme oil reduced fruit rot by 31.69-72.37 % at 25 °C and by 22.19 - 66.83 at 0°C. While the contact application of 500 μl / L thyme oil was most effective against caries lesions in pear fruits, the fumigant application of 1% thyme oil showed the least effect. As a result of the studies, it was concluded that it would be beneficial to use thyme oil and antagonistic microorganisms (B. subtilis, T. harzianum) against P. expansum, which is one of the postharvest diseases of pears, due to their environmental friendliness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
11. Rize’nin Ardeşen ilçesinde yetiştirilen yerel armut (Pyrus communis L.) çeşitlerinin bazı pomolojik ve morfolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi.
- Author
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KALKIŞIM, Özgün, AYDIN, Mehmet Zahit, and KURT, Haydar
- Subjects
MARKET value ,FRUIT ,MINERALS ,PROVINCES - Abstract
Copyright of Academic Journal of Agriculture / Akademik Ziraat Dergisi is the property of University of Ordu, Faculty of Agriculture, Academic Journal of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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12. Armut işletmelerinin teknik özellikleri: Antalya ili Korkuteli ilçesi örneği.
- Author
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KART, Fidan Merve and GÜL, Mevlüt
- Abstract
Aims: In this study, it was aimed to determine the input and cultural processes used by agricultural enterprises engaged in pear production in Antalya province Korkuteli district. Methods and Results: Within the scope of the research, primary data were obtained from 96 pear farms by face to face questionnaire method. The research data belonged to the 2018 production period. In the study, the knowledge of the producers on pear production, the varieties they grow, the number of trees, the cultural processes they applied, the use of inputs and the diseases and pests that were most affected were determined. The farms were grouped by pear area. The obtained findings were given in cross tables. The interviewed producers had 27.75 years of experience in agriculture and 22.93 years of experience in pear production. More than half of the producers (52.21%) reported a high level of knowledge on pear cultivation. A significant portion of the farmers (74.04%) stated that they are not satisfied with pear cultivation. In the region where the study was conducted, almost all of the producers (93.75%) were applying the classical breeding system. It was determined that 48.56% of the pear area of the farmers interviewed in the research area was Korkuteli Karyağdı variety and 28.13% Margarite variety. It was determined that the most important disease was fire blight, and the most important pest was pear psyllid. It was calculated that the interviewed enterprises used 45.71 kg of nitrogen, 35.46 kg of phosphorus and 10.04 kg of potassium per decare in pear production. In addition, the average amount of fungicide per decare used in pear production was 1182.26 g, insecticide amount 403.90 g and herbicide amount was calculated as 166.73 g. Conclusions: It was determined that the producers in the region have a high level of experience and knowledge in pear production. On the other hand, satisfaction levels were expressed low. The reasons for this were the increases in the prices of input elements over the years and the volatility of the product price. There were high amounts of input usage levels. In this respect, producers should be made more conscious about input usage, time, amount and application method. Significance and Impact of the Study: The limited studies on the technical characteristics of pear production increase the originality of this study. Various technical applications of farmers have been presented to the relevant researchers. In this respect, it will also provide an idea about where the improvements in technical structure should be in pear production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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13. Armut pisillidi [Cacopsylla pyri L. (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)]'ne karşı farklı dalga boylarındaki sarı yapışkan tuzakların çekim etkinliğinin araştırılması.
- Author
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KAVAK, Akif Emre, ÖZGEN, İnanç, and GÜRAL, Yunus
- Abstract
Copyright of Harran Journal of Agricultural & Food Science is the property of Harran University, Faculty of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
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14. Ön Seleksiyonla Seçilen F1 Armut Melezlerinin Fenolojik ve Fiziko-Kimyasal Özellikleri.
- Author
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EVRENOSOĞLU, Yasemin and MERTOĞLU, Kerem
- Abstract
Copyright of Anadolu (1300-0225) is the property of Anadolu Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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15. Bazı Armut Klon Anaçları Üzerine Aşılı Armut Çeşitlerinin Fidan Gelişim Performanslarının Belirlenmesi.
- Author
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SERTTAŞ, Sevgi and ÖZTÜRK, Ahmet
- Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Agriculture & Nature / Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım & Doğa Dergisi is the property of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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16. Armutta fidan kalitesi üzerine anaç ve çeşitlerin etkisi.
- Author
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SERTTAŞ, Sevgi and ÖZTÜRK, Ahmet
- Subjects
FRUIT growing ,PLANT nurseries ,FRUIT quality ,ROOTSTOCKS ,PEARS ,CULTIVARS - Abstract
Copyright of Academic Journal of Agriculture / Akademik Ziraat Dergisi is the property of University of Ordu, Faculty of Agriculture, Academic Journal of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
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17. Elazığ ve Malatya illerinde, Akdeniz meyvesineği'nin bazı biyo-ekolojik özellikleri ile zarar durumu üzerine çalışmalar.
- Author
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BUĞDAY, Mehmet and KEÇECİ, Mehmet
- Subjects
MEDITERRANEAN fruit-fly ,PEACH ,PEARS ,QUINCE ,POMEGRANATE ,DEMOGRAPHIC change ,CERATITIS - Abstract
Copyright of Derim is the property of Bati Akdeniz Agricultural Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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18. Comice armut (Pyrus Communis L.) çeşidinin bitki su stres indeksi (CWSI)-verim ilişkisinin belirlenmesi.
- Author
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GENÇOĞLAN, Cafer and GENÇOĞLAN, Serpil
- Abstract
Copyright of Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences is the property of Akdeniz Universitesi Ziraat Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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19. Bitki Büyümesini Teşvik Eden Rizobakteri Uygulamalarının Armut Fidanlarının Vejetatif Gelişim Özelliklerine Etkileri.
- Author
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ERDOĞAN, Umut and KOÇ, Aysen
- Abstract
It was aimed to determine the effects of Y4 (Pseudomonas putida btyp B, Pseudomonas agarici 62/5 + Bacillus atrophaeus AR-51 + Rhodococcus erythropolis AR-49), Y5 (Pseudomonas fluorescens 58/3 + Pseudomonas putida AR-93 + Bacillus pumilus AR-102 + Bacillus licheniformis AR-133) and Y6 (Pseudomonas fluorescens btyp A 48/3 + Bacillus licheniformis AR-121 + Bacillus subtilis AR-134 + Bacillus subtilis AR-116) bacterial combinations which promoted plant growth in “Deveci” pear budded on BA 29 rootstock, to the vegetative growth criteria, leaf area, chlorophyll and plant nutrient content and density of the soil bacterial population in Yozgat. As a result of the study, Y4, Y5 and Y6 bacterial applications were prominent in the growth of the stem diameter according to the control. The Y6 implementation provided the highest crown width (56.18 cm) in the 2nd year. The maximum annual shoot length was obtained from Y4 and Y6 applications in the 2nd year. In this study, it was determined that bacterial applications increased N, P and Mg contents of leaf macronutrients, Mn and Zn contents of micronutrients, and increases in leaf area were also statistically significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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20. İlkadım (Samsun) İlçesi Yerel Armutları.
- Author
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AKIN, Yadigar and BOSTAN, Saim Zeki
- Abstract
This research was carriedout on 5 local pear cultivars grown in and around İlkadım county (Samsun province of Turkey) in 2017. These cultivarscalled as Sarıca and Orak, and three Çörtük cultivars that have different characteristics in the region. In thesecultivars, fruit weight varied from7.6 g (Çörtük-2) to 33.0 g (Orak); fruit width from 31.55 mm (Çörtük-2) to 37.56 mm (Orak); fruit length from 36.98 mm (Çörtük-2) to 54.64 mm (Çörtük-3); fruit diameter from 31.36 mm (Çörtük-2) to 39.04 mm (Orak); fruit flesh firmness from 2.06 kg (Orak) to 7.77 kg (Sarıca); total soluble solid content from9.9% (Orak) to 14.7% (Çörtük-3); pH value in fruit juice ranged from 4.77 (Sarıca) to 5.39 (Orak) and titratable acidity from 2.10 % (Orak) to 5.19% (Çörtük-2). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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21. Çaykara İlçesinde Yetiştirilen Yerel Armut (Pyrus spp.) Genotiplerinin Seleksiyon Yoluyla Islahı: I-Meyve Özellikleri.
- Author
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ÇELİKEL ÇUBUKÇU, Gülay and BOSTAN, Saim Zeki
- Abstract
This study was carried out in Çaykara county (Trabzon province, Turkey) and in its 25 districts during 2012-2013 years. In the research, pomological characteristics of localpeargenotypesgrown for many years were examined. 169 local pear genotypes were determined in the research. According to weighted-ranked method done based on fruit weight, rustiness, eating quality and appearance, 97 local pear genotypes were selected superior genotypes in 2012. In the study genotypes according to the first year harvest dates were divided into 3 groups as summer, autumn and winter seasons. Total 34 local pear genotypes (18 summer, 9 autumn and 7 winter seasons) were determined as promising according to weighted-ranked method in 2013. In the promising summer, autumn and winter genotypes, fruit weight were between 81.3 g-148.7 g, 88.5 g-155.7 g and 69.9 g-221.4 g,respectively; fruit width were between 49.9 mm-62.2 mm, 53,0 mm-65.4 mm and 49.3 mm-68.6 mm, respectively; fruit length were between 45.8 mm-78.5 mm, 54.3 mm-86.7 mm and 52.1 mm-91.1mm, respectively; fruit firmness were between 5.0 kg/cm2-9.8 kg/cm2, 6.8 kg/cm2-13.9 kg/cm2 and 4.8 kg/cm2-8.6 kg/cm, respectively; soluble solid contents were between 10.0 %- 14.4 %, 9.7 %-12.8 % and 11.3% -16.6 %, respectively; titrable acid contents were between 0.69 %-4.38 %, 1.43%- 7.63 % and 2.25%-16.0 %, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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22. Malatya yöresi mahalli güzlük armut genotiplerinin seleksiyonu.
- Author
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BAYINDIR, Yusuf, ÇÖÇEN, Erdoğan, MACİT, Tahir, GÜLTEKİN, Nedim, TOPRAK ÖZCAN, Ebru, ASLAN, Ahmet, and ASLANTAŞ, Rafet
- Abstract
Copyright of Academic Journal of Agriculture / Akademik Ziraat Dergisi is the property of University of Ordu, Faculty of Agriculture, Academic Journal of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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23. Determination of boron fractions in soil in pear (Pyrus communis L.) orchards
- Author
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Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Bölümü., Gürel, Serhat, and Başar, Haluk
- Subjects
Extracting methods ,Bor fraksiyonları ,Armut ,Boron fractions ,Pear ,Soil properties ,Toprak özellikleri ,Ekstraksiyon yöntemleri - Abstract
Bu çalışma, armut ağaçlarının bulunduğu topraklarda çeşitli bor (B) fraksiyonlarının araştırılması amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla Türkiye'nin Bursa yöresindeki “Deveci” ve “Santa Maria” armut (Pyrus communis L.) çeşitleri bulunan bahçelerde yürütülmüş, toprak örnekleri 0-30 cm ve 30-60 cm derinlikten alınmıştır. Ayrıca meyve ve yaprak örneklemesi yapılmıştır. Bor fraksiyonları, yaprak, meyve kabuğu ve meyve etinin toplam B içerikleri ve toprak özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir. Topraktaki toplam borun büyük bir kısmı rezidüal formda (% 94.28-94.51) bulunmuş olup bunu mangan (Mn) oksihidroksitler, amorf demir (Fe) ve alüminyum (Al) oksitler ile kristal Fe ve Al oksitler olmak üzere üç gruba ayrılan oksitlere bağlı B (% 2.13-2.97) takip etmiştir. Organik madde tarafından adsorbe edilen B (% 1.38-1.72), toprak kolloid yüzeylerinde spesifik olarak adsorbe edilen B (% 0.42-0.57) ve kolayca çözünen (bitki tarafından alınabilir) B değerleri (% 0.20 – 0.23) sırasıyla toplam B değerlerini oluşturmaktadır. Sıcak su ˃ 0.01 M CaCl2 ˃ 1 M NH4OAc ˃ 0.1 M KCl ˃ 0.005 M DTPA sırasına göre, kolay çözünür bor (KÇ-B) fraksiyonu beş farklı ekstraksiyon solüsyonu ile belirlenmiştir. Meyve B konsantrasyonu ve toprak B fraksiyonları, yaprak B konsantrasyonundan daha yakın korelasyonlar göstermiştir. Toprak ve bitki analiz sonuçları birlikte değerlendirildiğinde, bitkiler tarafından kolaylıkla kullanılabilen bor elementini temsil eden ve kolayca çözünen B fraksiyonunun belirlenmesinde sıcak su yöntemi en etkili yöntem olarak görünmektedir. This study was carried out to investigate various boron (B) fractions in soils with pear trees. For this purpose, it was carried out in orchards with “Deveci” and “Santa Maria” pear (Pyrus communis L.) varieties in Bursa region of Turkey, soil samples were taken from 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm depths. In addition, fruit and leaf sampling has done. The relationships between boron fractions, total B content of leaves, fruit skin and fruit flesh and soil properties were investigated. Most of the total B in the soil is in the residual form (94.28-94.51%). This was followed by oxides bound B (2.13-2.97%), which were divided into three groups: manganese (Mn) oxyhydroxides bound, amorphous iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) oxides bound, and crystalline Fe and Al oxides bound. The B adsorbed by organic matter (1.38-1.72%), The specifically adsorbed B on soil colloid surfaces (0.42-0.57%) and easily soluble (can be taken up by the plant) B values (0.20 - 0.23%) constitute the total B values, respectively. The easily soluble boron (KÇ-B) fraction was determined with five different extraction solutions, in the order of hot water ˃ 0.01 M CaCl2 ˃ 1 M NH4OAc ˃ 0.1 M KCl ˃ 0.005 M DTPA. Fruit B concentration and soil B fractions showed closer correlations than leaf B concentration. When the soil and plant analysis results are evaluated together, the hot water method seems to be the most effective method in determining the easily soluble B fraction, which represents the boron element that can be easily used by plants.
- Published
- 2022
24. Determination of adult population fluctuations of the Mediterranean fruit fly [Ceratitis capitata (wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae)] in some fruit orchards in Bursa
- Author
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Elitaş, İsmail, Kovancı, Orkun Barış, and Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü/Bitki Koruma Anabilim Dalı.
- Subjects
Persimmon ,Şeftali ,Armut ,Pear ,Ceratitis capitata ,Hurma ,Peach - Abstract
Bu tez çalışması kapsamında, 2021 yılında Bursa İli Gürsu ilçesinde bulunan konvansiyonel armut, şeftali ve Trabzon hurması bahçelerinde Akdeniz meyvesineği ergin popülasyonlarının değişimi haftalık sayımlarla takip edilmiştir. Bu amaçla bahçe başına 2 adet Decis trap olarak bilinen tuzak tipi 1.5 m yüksekliğe asılmıştır. Konvansiyonel insektisit uygulaması yapılan bahçelere ilaveten ilaçlama yapılmayan bahçelerde yapılan tuzak sayımları kontrol olarak kullanılmıştır. Decis tuzaklarında ilk Akdeniz meyvesineği ergini 23 Ağustos’ta saptanmıştır. 8 Kasım haftasına kadar popülasyon artışı devam etmiş ve tüm bahçelerde ergin yakalanmaları bu tarihte pik noktaya ulaşmıştır. Bahçelere göre toplam ergin tuzak yakalanmaları incelendiğinde 2021 yılında armut bahçelerindeki tuzaklarda toplam 678 adet, şeftali bahçelerindeki tuzaklarda toplam 660 adet, Trabzon hurması bahçelerindeki tuzaklarda toplam 1402 adet Akdeniz meyvesineği yakalanmıştır. ANOVA analizinde istatistiki açıdan meyvelere göre tuzaklarda ergin yakalanmaları açısından önemli farklılıklar bulunmuştur. Sonuçlara göre, Sonuçlarda uygulama yapılan bahçelerde üreticilerin Akdeniz meyvesineği ile kimyasal mücadelede Malathion, Lambda-cyhalothrin ve Deltamethrin aktif maddeli insektisitleri yoğun olarak kullanmasına rağmen tuzaklarda ergin yakalanmalarının yüksek sayıda olduğu ve meyvelerde vuruklar oluştuğu görülmektedir. Bu veriler ilimizde mevcut olan Akdeniz meyvesineği popülasyonlarında yukarıda bahsedilen insektisitlere karşı direnç çalışmalarının yapılması ve bu çalışmada olduğu gibi hem ergin popülasyon takibi hem de biyoteknik ve kimyasal mücadele açısından yararlı olacak Tephri tuzakların kullanımının yaygınlaştırılması önerilmektedir. Within the scope of this thesis, the variation of Medfly fruit fly adult populations in conventional pear, peach and persimmon orchards in Gürsu district of Bursa province in 2021 was followed by weekly counts. For this purpose, 2 traps known as Decis traps per garden were hung at a height of 1.5 m. In addition to the conventional insecticide applied orchards, the trap counts made in the untreated gardens were also used as control. The first Mediterranean fruit fly adult was detected in Decis traps on August 23. Following this, population growth continued until the week of November 8, and the catching of adults in all orchards reached its peak on this date. When the total adult traps were caught according to the orchards, a total of 678 Mediterranean fruit flies were caught in the traps in the pear orchards, a total of 660 in the traps in the peach orchards, and a total of 1402 in the traps in the persimmon orchards. In the ANOVA analysis, statistically significant differences were found in terms of catching adults in traps compared to fruits. According to our results, although the producers intensively use insecticides with Malathion, Lambda-cyhalothrin and Deltamethrin active substances in chemical control against the Mediterranean fruit fly in the gardens where the application is made, it is seen that the number of adults caught in the traps is high and the fruits are bruised. In the light of these data, it is recommended to conduct resistance studies against the above-mentioned insecticides in Medfly fruit fly populations in our province and to expand the use of Tephri traps, which will be useful in terms of adult population monitoring and biotechnical and chemical control, as in this study.
- Published
- 2022
25. Hasat Öncesi Giberellik Asit ve Oksalik Asit Uygulamalarının 'Kosiu' ve 'Hakko' Asya Armut Çeşitlerinde Meyve Kalitesi Üzerine Etkileri.
- Author
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BUDAK, Muhammed Mustafa and ŞAN, Bekir
- Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effects of pre-harvest gibberellic acid (GA3) and oxalic acid (OA) applications on fruit quality of 'Hakko' and 'Kosiu' pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) cultivars. Mature fruits of both cultivars were harvested at their maturity and evaluated right after harvest in terms of fruit width, fruit height, fruit weight, fruit firmness, fruit color, total soluble solids (TSS), titretable acidity (TA) and total phenolic (TP) content. Both GA3 and OA applications did not caused any significant differences on fruith width, fruit height, fruith weight, fruit firmness, TSS and TA. It has been determined that GA3 and OA applications significantly affect L*, a* and b* values in 'Hakko' cultivar and not in the 'Kosiu' cultivar. The highest L* value (64.64) in the Hakko cultivar was obtained from 2 mM OA application and the highest a* and b* values (-0.16 and 41.69, respectively) were obtained from 4 mM OA application. In terms of TP content, the highest values were obtained from 1 and 2 mM OA applications (1738 and 1717 mg GAE/L, respectively) in 'Kosiu' cultivar and from 4 mM OA application (1942 mg GAE/L) in 'Hakko' cultivar. In the study, it was determined that OA applications have a significant effect on the especially TP content in asian pear cultivars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
26. Determination of Boron Fractions in Soil in Pear (Pyrus communis L.) Orchards
- Author
-
GÜREL, Serhat and BAŞAR, Haluk
- Subjects
Bor fraksiyonları ,ekstraksiyon yöntemleri ,toprak özellikleri ,armut ,Ziraat, Toprak Bilimi ,Soil Science ,Boron fractions ,extracting methods ,soil properties ,pear - Abstract
Bu çalışma, armut ağaçlarının bulunduğu topraklarda çeşitli bor (B) fraksiyonlarının araştırılması amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla Türkiye'nin Bursa yöresindeki “Deveci” ve “Santa Maria” armut (Pyrus communis L.) çeşitleri bulunan bahçelerde yürütülmüş, toprak örnekleri 0-30 cm ve 30-60 cm derinlikten alınmıştır. Ayrıca meyve ve yaprak örneklemesi yapılmıştır. Bor fraksiyonları, yaprak, meyve kabuğu ve meyve etinin toplam B içerikleri ve toprak özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir. Topraktaki toplam borun büyük bir kısmı rezidüal formda (% 94.28-94.51) bulunmuş olup bunu mangan (Mn) oksihidroksitler, amorf demir (Fe) ve alüminyum (Al) oksitler ile kristal Fe ve Al oksitler olmak üzere üç gruba ayrılan oksitlere bağlı B (% 2.13-2.97) takip etmiştir. Organik madde tarafından adsorbe edilen B (% 1.38-1.72), toprak kolloid yüzeylerinde spesifik olarak adsorbe edilen B (% 0.42-0.57) ve kolayca çözünen (bitki tarafından alınabilir) B değerleri (% 0.20 –0.23) sırasıyla toplam B değerlerini oluşturmaktadır. Sıcak su ˃ 0.01 M CaCl2 ˃ 1 M NH4OAc ˃ 0.1 M KCl ˃ 0.005 M DTPA sırasına göre, kolay çözünür bor (KÇ-B) fraksiyonu beş farklı ekstraksiyon solüsyonu ile belirlenmiştir. Meyve B konsantrasyonu ve toprak B fraksiyonları, yaprak B konsantrasyonundan daha yakın korelasyonlar göstermiştir. Toprak ve bitki analiz sonuçları birlikte değerlendirildiğinde, bitkiler tarafından kolaylıkla kullanılabilen bor elementini temsil eden ve kolayca çözünen B fraksiyonunun belirlenmesinde sıcak su yöntemi en etkili yöntem olarak görünmektedir., This study was carried out to investigate various boron (B) fractions in soils with pear trees. For this purpose, it was carried out in orchards with “Deveci” and “Santa Maria” pear (Pyrus communis L.) varieties in Bursa region of Turkey, soil samples were taken from 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm depths. In addition, fruit and leaf sampling has done. The relationships between boron fractions, total B content of leaves, fruit skin and fruit flesh and soil properties were investigated. Most of the total B in the soil is in the residual form (94.28-94.51%). This was followed by oxides bound B (2.13-2.97%), which were divided into three groups: manganese (Mn) oxyhydroxides bound, amorphous iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) oxides bound, and crystalline Fe and Al oxides bound. The B adsorbed by organic matter (1.38-1.72%), The specifically adsorbed B on soil colloid surfaces (0.42-0.57%) and easily soluble (can be taken up by the plant) B values (0.20 - 0.23%) constitute the total B values, respectively. The easily soluble boron (KÇ-B) fraction was determined with five different extraction solutions, in the order of hot water ˃ 0.01 M CaCl2 ˃ 1 M NH4OAc ˃ 0.1 M KCl ˃ 0.005 M DTPA. Fruit B concentration and soil B fractions showed closer correlations than leaf B concentration. When the soil and plant analysis results are evaluated together, the hot water method seems to be the most effective method in determining the easily soluble B fraction, which represents the boron element that can be easily used by plants.
- Published
- 2021
27. Armut Meyvesinde Diplocarpon Mespili Lezyonlarının Görüntü İşlemeyle Analizi.
- Author
-
Kurtulmuş, F., Öztüfekçi, S., and Şehirli, S.
- Abstract
Pear is an important fruit not only for domestic market but also exportation. During preservation, it is possible to observe developing fungal growth on products arisen from latent infections after taking the products to storages. Under preservation conditions which are suitable for fungal growth, deteriorations and deformations can occur on the products which may cause commercial loses. To prevent these, it is crucial to detect and isolate infected fruits in storages. In this study, a lesion detection algorithm was developed by using image processing methods and support vector machine to prevent infected fruits by Diplocarpon mespili to transmit the disease to healthy ones. With the proposed method, it was found that active disease regions which continue to grow and to increase diameter could be detected with higher accuracy in comparison with passive regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
28. Farklı azot uygulamalarının deveci armut çeşidinde meyvelerde mineral madde içeriği üzerine etkisi.
- Author
-
UYSAL, Erdinç and AKÇAY, Mehmet Emin
- Abstract
Copyright of Academic Journal of Agriculture / Akademik Ziraat Dergisi is the property of University of Ordu, Faculty of Agriculture, Academic Journal of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
29. TRABZON HURMALARINI KULLANARAK KARIŞIK MEYVELİ GELENEKSEL MARMELAT ÜRETİMİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA.
- Author
-
Kokangül, Gülhis and Fenercioglu, Hasan
- Abstract
In this study, manufacturability of the traditional persimmon marmalade using plain or apple/ pear blended persimmon (Diospyros Kaki L.) fruits grown in and around Adana is investigated. pH, titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids contents (SSC), total dry matter (TDM), L-ascorbic acid contents, color values (L*, a*, b*, Hue*, C*), gel strength and hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) tests were performed at the 0th, 3rd, 6th and 9th months to marmalades. In addition, sensory analysis was performed before storage and at the 9th month. At the initial level and the 9th month HMF values of marmalade samples were found as 0.12-0.23 mg/kg and 0.43-2.31 mg/kg respectively. At the initial level and at the end of 9th month of storage, apple and pear blended samples were received higher acceptance than the pure persimmon marmalades by the panelists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. The Current Situation and Potential of Pome Fruit Production of Black Sea Region
- Author
-
ÖZTÜRK, Ahmet, SERTTAŞ, Sevgi, OMÜ, Ziraat Fakültesi, Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü, Öztürk, Ahmet, and Serttaş, Sevgi
- Subjects
elma ,yumuşak çekirdekliler ,armut ,apple ,Agriculture ,pear ,Armut,Ayva,Elma,Karadeniz Bölgesi,Yumuşak Çekirdekliler ,Black Sea Region ,Ziraat ,ayva ,Karadeniz Bölgesi ,Pear,Quince,Apple,Black Sea Region,Pome Fruits ,pome fruits ,quince - Abstract
Çok farklı ekolojik koşullara ve coğrafik yapıya sahip olan ve bu nedenle birçok meyve türünün yetiştiriciliğinin yapılabildiği Karadeniz Bölgesi, ülkemiz meyveciliğinde oldukça önemli bir yere sahiptir. Karadeniz Bölgesi, 2 573 222 ton ile Türkiye meyve üretiminin % 11.1’ini, 225 bin tonluk yumuşak çekirdekli meyve üretimi ile de ülkemiz yumuşak çekirdekli meyve üretiminin yaklaşık % 4.4’nü gerçekleştirmektedir. Bölgede yumuşak çekirdekli meyve yetiştiriciliği yaygın olarak ev bahçeleri, meyve bahçeleri ve kapama bahçelerde yapılmaktadır. Bölge meyveciliğinde yumuşak çekirdekli meyveler % 8.8’lik üretim payı ile sert kabuklu meyvelerden (% 23.9) sonra ikinci sırada yer almaktadır. Bölgede yumuşak çekirdekli meyveler içerisinde en fazla elma (149 275 ton, % 66.3) ve armut (59.931 ton, % 26.6) üretilmektedir. Bölgede hem üretim alanı hem de üretim miktarı bakımından diğer grupta yer alan elmalar üretilirken (sırasıyla % 37.9 ve % 36.3) bu grubu üretim alanı bakımından Amasya (% 20.9) üretim miktarı bakımından ise Starking (%19.7) takip etmektedir. Karadeniz Bölgesi 1 912 tonluk üretimiyle ülkemiz muşmula üretiminin % 38.5’lik kısmını karşılamaktadır. Karadeniz Bölgesi’ndeki yumuşak çekirdekli meyve üretim potansiyeli iller bazında değerlendirildiğinde Amasya (46 004 ton), Samsun (27 874 ton), Kastamonu (21 509 ton) ve Tokat (20 450 ton) en fazla üretimi yapan illerdir. Bu çalışmada yumuşak çekirdekli meyveler içerisinde en fazla üretilen türlerin Karadeniz Bölgesi ve Türkiye üretimindeki mevcut durumu ve potansiyeli detaylı olarak ele alınmıştır., The Black Sea Region, having very different ecological conditions and geographical structures and therefore can grow many fruit species, has a very important place in fruit growing in our country. The Black Sea Region realizes 11.1 % of Turkey's fruit production with 2 573 222 tons, and approximately 4.4 % of our country's pome fruit production about 225 thousand tons of pome fruit production. Pome fruit growing in the region is mainly performed in home gardens, fruit gardens and commercial orchards. Pome fruits with 8.8 % portion have second place after nuts (23.9 %) in fruit growing of the region. Apple (149 275 tons, 66.3 %) and pear (59 931 tons, 26.6 %) are produced as the highest amount among pome fruits in the region. In the region, while apples are produced in terms of both production amount and area with the other apple group (36.3 % and 37.9 %, respectively), the Amasya apple (20.9 %) in terms of production area and the Starking apple (19.7 %) in terms of production amount are followed in this group. The Black Sea Region with 1 912 tons of production supplies 38.5 % of total medlar production of Turkey. When the potential of pome fruit production in the Black Sea Region is evaluated, Amasya (46 004 tons), Samsun (27 874 tons), Kastamonu (21 509 tons) and Tokat (20 450 tons) are the main producer cities. In this study, the current situation and potential of the most produced pome fruit species in the fruit production of the Black Sea Region and Turkey are discussed in detail.
- Published
- 2021
31. Armut ağaçlarında Ateş Yanıklığı etmeni Erwinia amylovora (Burrill) Winslow et al.'ya karşı bakteri uygulamaları ile biyolojik mücadele imkânlarının araştırılması
- Author
-
KARABIÇAK, Yılmaz and KOTAN, Recep
- Subjects
- *
CONTROL of phytopathogenic microorganisms , *PLANT disease treatment , *PANTOEA agglomerans , *PSEUDOMONAS putida , *FIRE-blight - Abstract
In this study, the effect of some antagonist bacterial strains was investigated for biological control of fire blight caused by Erwinia amylovora that causing serious loss of product and drying on pome trees, especially on pear trees, in laboratory and field conditions. As alternative the chemical control, 3 different antagonistic bacteria Pantoea agglomerans RK- 79, Pantoea agglomerans RK-84 and Pseudomonas putida RK-142 strains were used against E. amylovora on detached pear flower in laboratory and pear shoots in field conditions. As the result of the experiments conducted on flowers bunch in laboratory condition, P. putida RK-142 P. agglomerans RK-84 and P. agglomerans RK-79 isolates reduced the disease severity by the rate of 57,2%, 48,9%, and 14,4% respectively. Experiments in field was conducted between 2010 and 2011 in orchard of Erzincan Horticultural Research Station. In the experiments conducted on exile of the plant in the field condition, it was observed that the effects of the biological control agents prevented the development of the disease, but this effect disappeared after a while, depending on the number of applications. It was observed that the protective applications to do with biological control agents against the fire blight had the effect of preventing the development of disease on shoot during the vegetation period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
32. Ankara Armudunun Bazı Fizikokimyasal Özellikleri Üzerine Fırında Kurutma İsleminin Etkisi.
- Author
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Özaydın, Ayse Gül and Özçelik, Sami
- Abstract
In this study, the effect of oven drying on the physico-chemical properties of dried pears during storage was determined. The pear of Ankara cultivar was used in experiments. Pears were cut into cubes (9x9x9 mm) or rectangles (9x12x13 mm). After treated with sodium metabisulfite, pear samples were oven-dried. Moisture, water activity, colour (Hunter L, a, b value, croma value and hue angle), phenolic composition and aromatic compounds as physico-chemical properties of dried samples were determined during 0, 1, 3 and 6 months of storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
33. Investigation of atraction effect of yellow sticky traps in different wavelengts against pear psyllid [Cacopyslla pyri L. (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)]
- Author
-
Akif Emre Kavak, İnanç Özgen, and Yunus Güral
- Subjects
PEAR ,Horticulture ,Ziraat ,Cacopsylla pyri,Sarı Yapışkan Tuzak,Armut,Biyoteknik Mücadele ,Cacopsylla pyri,Yellow sticky trap,Pear,Biotechnical control,IPM ,Cacopsylla pyri ,Agriculture ,Plant Science ,Biology ,Bitki Bilimleri - Abstract
Çalışmalar; Elazığ Merkez ve Elazığ Örençay köyünde bulunan zararlıyla bulaşık iki adet 1-3 dönümlük armut bahçesinde gerçekleştirilmiş olup, zararlının düşük, orta ve yüksek popülasyon dönemleri belirlenerek üç farklı dönemde yapılmıştır. Çalışmalarda; 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10 ve 14. günlerde tuzaklara yakalanan Cacopsylla pyri L. (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) bireylerinin sayımları yapılmıştır. Sayımlar neticesinde; sarı rengin hangi tonunun C. pyri bireylerini en çok çektiği, tuzaklar arasında anlamlı bir fark olup olmadığı, Kruskal Wallis ve Mann-Whitney U testleri ile belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca; 14. gün sonunda tuzaklara yakalanan doğal düşmanlar tespit edilmiş ve hangi renk tonunun daha fazla doğal düşman çektiği sütun grafikler yardımıyla ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışmalar neticesinde; 1023 tuzak koduna sahip sarı renk tonunun zararlı bireylerini en fazla doğal düşmanları ise en az çektiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu renk tonunun; armut bahçelerinde C. pyri bireylerini etkin olarak çektiği ve zararlarını önlemek amacıyla üreticiler tarafından farklı sayılarda asılarak yapılacak çalışmalar neticesinde, olumlu sonuçlar alınabileceği düşünülmektedir., The studies were carried out in 2 different 1-3 acres of pear orchards in Elazığ Center and Elazığ Örençay villages the harmful low, medium and high population periods were determined and carried out in 3 different periods. In the studies, Cacopsylla pyri L. (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) individuals caught in traps on 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10 and 14 days were counted. As a result of the counts, it was determined by Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests whether there is a significant difference between traps, which color attracts most C. pyri individuals. In addition, at the end of the 14th day, natural enemies caught in the traps were identified and the color graphics helped to determine which color tones attracted more natural enemies. It has been determined that the most harmful individuals of the yellow color tone with a trap code of 1023 are the least natural enemies. It is considered that this color tone effectively attracts C. pyri individuals in the pear orchards and positive results can be obtained as a result of the work to be done by the producers in different numbers in order to prevent their harm.
- Published
- 2020
34. The Influence of Rootstocks and Cultivars on Morphological Characteristics of Pear Nursery Plants
- Author
-
Sevgi Serttaş and Ahmet Öztürk
- Subjects
Pear,morphology,lateral branch number,leaf dimensions,leaf number ,Fen ,Science ,yaprak sayısı ,lcsh:S ,armut ,pear ,lcsh:S1-972 ,morfoloji ,Armut,morfoloji,yan dal sayısı,yaprak boyutları,yaprak sayısı ,lcsh:Agriculture ,leaf dimensions ,leaf number ,yan dal sayısı ,morphology ,lateral branch number ,yaprak boyutları ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) - Abstract
Meyve yetiştiriciliğinde anaçlar üzerine aşılanan çeşidin büyüme ve gelişmesini etkilediği gibi çeşitler de üzerlerine aşılandıkları anacı etkilemektedirler. Günümüzde armut yetiştiriciliği farklı büyüme özelliklerine sahip anaçlar üzerine aşılanarak çoğaltılan fidanlar ile yapılmaktadır. Bitkilerin kök sistemini oluşturacak olan anaçların seçimi çeşit seçimi kadar önemlidir. Bu çalışma, aşılı armut fidanlarının morfolojik özellikleri üzerine bazı armut klon anaç ve çeşitlerinin etkisini belirlemek amacıyla 2018-2019 yılları arasında yürütülmüştür. Bu çalışmada, ‘Deveci’, ‘Williams’, ‘Santa Maria’ ve ‘Abate Fetel’ armut çeşitleri Fox9, Fox11, OHxF87 ve OHxF333 armut klon anaçları üzerine dilciksiz aşı yöntemiyle aşılanmıştır. Araştırmada fidanlarda anaç çapı (mm), aşı noktası çapı (mm), aşı sürgününde yan dal sayısı (adet), boğum sayısı (adet), boğum arası mesafe (cm), yaprak eni ve boyu (cm), yaprak sapı uzunluğu (cm) ve kalınlığı (mm), sürgündeki yaprak sayısı (adet), ortalama ve toplam yaprak alanı (cm2) incelenmiştir. Araştırmada tüm parametreler üzerine anaçların ve çeşitlerin değişen düzeylerde etkiye sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. En yüksek aşı noktası çapı anaçlar bakımından Fox9; çeşitler bakımından ‘Deveci’de belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada en fazla yan dal sayısı ve yaprak sayısı Fox9 üzerine aşılı ‘Deveci’ çeşidinde tespit edilmiştir. Ortalama yaprak alanı en fazla ‘Santa Maria’, bitki başına toplam yaprak alanı ise ‘Deveci’ çeşidinde belirlenmiştir. Sürgündeki boğum sayısının Fox9 anacında diğer anaçlardan daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Boğum arası mesafenin Fox9 anacında diğer anaçlardan daha düşük olduğu saptanmıştır. ‘Santa Maria’ çeşidinde boğum arası mesafenin diğer çeşitlerden daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu araştırmanın sonucunda morfolojik özellikler bakımından Fox9 anacı üzerine aşılı ‘Deveci’ çeşidinin diğer çeşit/anaç kombinasyonlarından daha iyi değerlere sahip olduğunu söyleyebiliriz., In fruit cultivation, not only the cultivar grafted on rootstocks affects the growth and development, but also the cultivars affect the rootstock on which they are grafted. Today, pear growing is carried out with nursery plants that are reproduced by grafting on rootstocks with different growth characteristics. The selection of rootstocks that will constitute the root system of plants is as important as the selection of cultivars. This study was carried out to determine the effect of some pear clone rootstocks and cultivars on the morphological characteristics of pear nursery plant during 2018 and 2019 years. In this study, 'Deveci', 'Williams', 'Santa Maria' and 'Abate Fetel' pear cultivars were grafted with splice grafting method on Fox9, Fox11, OHxF87 and OHxF333pear clone rootstocks. Rootstock diameter (mm), graft point diameter (mm), lateral branch number (pieces), internode number (pieces), the distance between internodes (cm), leaf width and length (cm), leaf number (pieces plant-1), mean and total leaf area (cm2) were examined. In the study, rootstocks and cultivars had an influence on all examined parameters at different levels. The highest graft point diameter was in Fox9 in terms of rootstock means and was in ‘Deveci’ in terms of cultivar means. In the study, the highest lateral branch number and leaf number were determined in the 'Deveci' cultivar grafted on Fox9. The highest mean leaf area was determined in ‘Santa Maria’ and the highest total leaf area per plant was determined in ‘Deveci’. The number of internodes in the plant was higher in Fox9 rootstock than the other rootstocks. Fox9 rootstock had a lower distance between internodes than the other rootstocks. ‘Santa Maria’ had a higher distance between internodes than the other cultivars. As a result of the present study, we can say that the 'Deveci' cultivar grafted on the Fox9 rootstock has better values than the other cultivar/rootstock combinations.
- Published
- 2020
35. Determination of population density of aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on some temperate fruit species
- Author
-
Şaban Güçlü and İsmail Alaserhat
- Subjects
aphid,population density,temperate fruit species,Erzincan ,Aphid ,PEAR ,education.field_of_study ,Fen ,biology ,Science ,Population ,Yaprakbiti,Popülasyon Yoğunluğu,Ilıman İklim Meyve Türleri,Erzincan ,biology.organism_classification ,Population density ,Horticulture ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Orchard ,education ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Bu çalışma, Erzincan ilinde yetiştirilen ılıman iklim meyve türlerinden elma, armut, kayısı, kiraz ve şeftalide bulunan yaprakbitlerinin popülasyon yoğunluğunun tespit edilmesi amacıyla 2011-2013 yıllarında yapılmıştır. Arazi sürveyleri, düzenli aralıklarla (haftada bir) yürütülmüş olup, bahçelerdeki yaprakbiti popülasyonu sayımlarında Lazarov ve Grigorov (1961) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda yaprakbiti popülasyonlarının ağaç yönlerine göre dağılımında popülasyonlarının en çok ağacın güney yönünde olduğu, bu yönü sırası ile doğu, kuzey ve batı yönlerinin takip ettiği; bahçe yöneyi açısından ise yaprakbitlerinin en çok kuzey-batı yöneyinde popülasyon oluşturdukları, bunu sırası ile kuzey, kuzey-doğu, güney-batı ve güney yöneylerinin izlediği tespit edilmiştir., This study was carried out in 2011-2013, in order to identify population density of aphid species obtained from apple, pear, apricot, cherry and peach grown in Erzincan province. The surveys were carried out at regular intervals (once a week), and Lazarov and Grigorov (1961) method was used for aphid population counting in the orchards. As a result of the study, in the distribution of aphid populations according to tree directions, it was determined that the aphid populations were mostly in the south direction of the tree and respectively this was followed by the east, north and west directions. In addition, in the distribution of aphid populations according to the direction of the orchard, it was determined that the aphid populations were mostly north-west direction of the orchard and this was followed by the north, north-east, south-west and south directions, respectively.
- Published
- 2020
36. Potential micro plant nutrient deficiencies in pear orchards in Gürsu district of Bursa province
- Author
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Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Bölümü., Yavuz, Huriye, Cansızer, Seda, and Turan, Murat Ali
- Subjects
Fertility ,Armut ,Gürsu district ,Pear ,Gürsu ,Verimlilik - Abstract
Bursa ili Gürsu ilçesi armut bahçelerinin kimi toprak özellikleri ve toprakların ve bitkilerin mikro element kapsamlarının incelenmesi amacıyla farklı derinliklerden (0-30cm, 30-60cm) 30 adet toprak ve eş zamanlı olarak yaprak örnekleri alınmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda bahçe topraklarının genel olarak tuzluluk sorununun olmadığı, hafif alkali reaksiyona sahip, orta düzeyde kireç içerdikleri ve organik madde kapsamlarının örneklerin yarısında yetersiz olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bölge topraklarında her iki derinlikte de demir (Fe) ve çinko (Zn) noksanlıkları belirlenmiştir (Fe: % 43,30-30cm, % 56,730-60cm; Zn: % 33,30-30cm, % 5030-60cm). Çalışmaya konu olan 30 armut bahçesinin yaprak analizleri sonucunda örneklerin % 16,7’sinde çinko ve % 23,3’ünde mangan (Mn) noksanlığı belirlenirken % 23,3’ünde mangan ve % 16,7’sinde bakır (Cu) fazlalığı tespit edilmiştir. In order to determined soil micro element contents and some soil properties of pear orchards in Gürsu district of Bursa province, 30 soil samples and leaf samples were taken from two different depths (0-30cm, 30- 60cm). As a result of the research, it was determined that soils generally haven’t salinity problems, they have slightly alkaline reaction, they contain moderate lime and organic material contents are insufficient in half of the samples. Iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) deficiencies were determined at both depths of the region (Fe: 43,30-30cm, 56,730-60cm; Zn: 33,30-30cm, 5030-60cm). Zinc in 16.7 % and manganese (Mn) deficiency in 23.3%, copper (Cu) and manganese in 23.3 % excess in 16.7 % were determined in leaf samples
- Published
- 2020
37. Ayva çekirdeği müsilajının yenilebilir film kaplaması olarak bazı meyvelere uygulanması ve depolama süresince kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi
- Author
-
Kozlu, Ali, Elmacı, Yeşim, Gıda Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı, and Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
- Subjects
Edible Film And Coating ,Ayva Çekirdeği ,Mucilage ,Armut ,Mandarin ,Apple ,Mandalina ,Strawberry ,Raf Ömrü ,Çilek ,Yenilebilir Film Ve Kaplama ,Fruit ,Nectarine ,Nektarin ,Food Engineering ,Elma ,Pear ,Quinceseed ,Müsilaj ,Meyve ,Shelf Life ,Gıda Mühendisliği - Abstract
Bu çalışmada ayva meyvesinin çekirdeklerinden ekstraksiyon ile elde edilen müsilaj materyalinin yenilebilir film formuna getirilmesi ve bazı spesifik meyvelerin (armut, çilek, elma, mandalina ve nektarin) oluşturulan filmler ile kaplanması ve 10 günlük depolama süresince kalite değişimlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında, elde edilen ayva çekirdeği yenilebilir filmlerinin (AÇYF) bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri belirlenmiştir. AÇYF'nin kalınlığı 0.0059 mm, çözünürlüğü %48.57, su buharı geçirgenliği 12.56x10-12 g/m.s.Pa, nem içeriği %18.90, antioksidan aktivite (% inhibisyon) %21.86 ve toplam fenolik madde miktarı (gallik asit eşdeğeri) 7.77 μg/g olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın ikinci aşamasında AÇYF ile kaplanan meyvelerin depolama süresince kalite özellikleri incelenmiştir. AÇYF seçilen meyvelere kaplama olarak uygulanmış ve kaplamanın meyvelerin fiziksel, kimyasal ve duyusal karakteristikleri üzerine olan etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla depolama süresince meyve örneklerinde ağırlık kaybı, sertlik, renk, pH, titrasyon asitliği, suda çözünür kuru madde, askorbik asit, antioksidan aktivite ve toplam fenolik madde analizleri gerçekleştirilmiş ve örnekler duyusal olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonunda AÇYF'nin çilek meyvesi üzerindeki etkisinin önemli olduğu belirlenmiştir. AÇYF uygulaması ile çileğin raf ömrünün 10 güne kadar, armut, elma ve mandalina örneklerinin raf ömrünün 7 güne ve nektarin örneğinin raf ömrünün 4 güne kadar uzatıldığı belirlenmiştir., In this study, it was aimed to convert mucilage material obtained by extraction from quince fruit seeds to edible film form and to cover some specific fruits (pear, strawberry, apple, mandarin and nectarine) with produced films and to determine quality changes during 10 days of storage. In the first stage of the study, some physical and chemical properties of the quince seed edible films (QSEF) were determined. The thickness of QSEF was 0.0059 mm, solubility 48.57%, water vapor permeability 12.56x10-12 g/m.S.Pa, moisture content 18.90%, antioxidant activity (%inhibition) 21.86% and total phenolic content (gallic acid equivalent) was determined as 7.77 µg/g. In the second stage of the study, quality characteristics of the fruits covered with QSEF were examined during storage. QSEF was applied as coating to selected fruits and the effect of coating on the physical, chemical and sensory characteristics of fruits was investigated. For this purpose, weight loss, firmness, color, pH, titration acidity, water soluble dry matter, ascorbic acid, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content analyses were performed in fruit samples and the samples were evaluated by sensory analysis during storage. At the end of the study, it was determined that the effect of QSEF was important on strawberry fruit. It was determined that the shelf life of strawberry was extended to 10 days, the shelf life of pear, apple and mandarin samples was extended to 7 days and the shelf life of nectarine sample was extended to 4 days by QSEF application.
- Published
- 2020
38. Ünye'de (Ordu) yetiştirilen mahalli armut çeşitlerinin pomolojik özellikleri.
- Author
-
BOSTAN, Saim Zeki and ACAR, Şenol
- Abstract
Copyright of Academic Journal of Agriculture / Akademik Ziraat Dergisi is the property of University of Ordu, Faculty of Agriculture, Academic Journal of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
39. İskilip armutları.
- Author
-
KARADENİZ, Turan and ÇORUMLU, Mustafa Serdar
- Abstract
Copyright of Academic Journal of Agriculture / Akademik Ziraat Dergisi is the property of University of Ordu, Faculty of Agriculture, Academic Journal of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
40. Yapraktan Uygulanan Çinko'nun BA-29 Anacı Üzerine Aşılı Armut Çeşitlerinin Verimi, Mineral Element İçeriği ve Biyokimyasal Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi.
- Author
-
Erdem, Halil and Öztürk, Burhan
- Subjects
- *
FOLIAR diagnosis , *PEAR research , *ZINC , *FRUIT research , *MINERALS - Abstract
In this study, the effects of foliar zinc application on yield, fruit quality characteristics, mineral content, chemical and biochemical properties of three different pear cultivars (Akca, Santa Maria and Deveci) under the semi arid ecological conditions of Tokat Province were investigated. Zinc (Zn) application did not cause any significant differences on fruit yield, average fruit weight and the average geometric diameter of pear varieties. But the fruit flesh hardness of Akca variety was significantly reduced (P<0,05) with the zinc application. While zinc application reduced the titramble acidity (TA) from 0,33 g/100 g to 0,15 g/109 g of Akca variety, TA of Deveci variety significantly increased from 0,22 g/100 g to 0,28 g/100 g. Zinc application significantly (P<0,05) reduced the total phenolics of Akca and Deveci varieties. Similarly, the zinc application significantly (P<0,01) reduced the total antioxidant activity of Akca variety according to the radical scavenging activity (ABTS) test as well as the Ferric ions (Fe+3) reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP) test. Foliar Zn application significantly (P <0,01) increased the fruit Zn concentrations of all varieties, whereas changes in N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn and Cu concentrations were not significant. The results revealed that foliar Zn application has no significant effect on yield and fruit weight of pear cultivars, whereas FRAP levels were significantly (P<0,01) lowered and Zn concentration of fruits were increased (P<0,01). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
41. Konya'da Halkın Tüketimine Sunulan Bazı Yumuşak Çekirdekli Meyve Türlerinde Pestisit Kalıntı Düzeyleri.
- Author
-
ERSOY, Nilda, TATLI, Öner, ÖZCAN, Senar, EVCİL, Ebru, COŞKUN, Leyla Şengül, and ERDOĞAN, Esra
- Subjects
- *
PESTICIDE residues in food , *POMEGRANATE , *APPLES , *PESTICIDES , *AGRICULTURAL chemicals , *AGRICULTURAL research , *PHYSIOLOGY - Abstract
In this study, 203 pieces of residue levels of pesticides in apple, pear and quince samples (63 pieces) collected in for human consumption areas in the province of Konya were investigated. The amounts of pesticide residue in the samples were detected with LC-MS/MS and GC-MS by taking into consideration the values of tolerance of Turkish Food Codex (TGK). As a result of the study sample of 63 pieces of soft stone fruit, 43 samples w ere found at least one pesticide residue. Pesticide residues were determined in 68% of the total sample. According the results, Thiabendazol, which is completely prohibited (TGK tolerance value of 10 µg/kg), w as determined as 15 µg/kg in a sample of an apple, as 6 µg/kg in another sample of an apple. Chlorpyrifos, which is prohibited, w as determined at 8.0 ve 5.0 µg/kg levels in two quince samples. Amitraz pesticide residue was also determined at 147 µg/kg level in a pear sample that this value exceeds about 3 times the limit value given (50 fig/kg) in Turkish Food Codex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
42. Development of cold storage design suitable for pear storage in Bursa region
- Author
-
Şekerci, Eray, Kılıç, İlker, and Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü/Biyosistem Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı.
- Subjects
Depolama ,Soğuk hava deposu ,Fruit cold storage ,Bursa ,Armut ,Pear ,Storage - Abstract
Bu çalışmada, Bursa Bölgesi iklim koşullarına uygun armut muhafazası için kullanılacak farklı kapasitelerde soğuk hava deposu tasarımlarının yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada farklı yapı malzemesi seçenekleri arasında MPL bilgisayar yazılımı kullanılarak optimizasyon yapılarak en uygun yapı malzemesi seçimi yapılmıştır. Bursa ilinde armut depolama amaçlı oluşturulan alternatif soğuk hava depoları arasında özellik bakımından kontrollü atmosfer soğutma sistemine sahip 50 ton kapasiteli, çelik çatı ve prefabrik betonarme taşıyıcı sistemli, briket yapı malzemesine sahip duvar ve asma tavanın kullanıldığı soğuk hava deposu olduğu belirlenmiştir. In this study, it is aimed to develop cold storage designs with different capacities to be used for pear storage suitable for climatic conditions of Bursa region. In this study, the among different building material options was made optimization using MPL computer software and the most suitable building material was selected according to optimization results. Among the alternative cold storage depots created for pear storage in Bursa province, it is determined that there is a cold storage depot with 50 tons capacity, steel roof and prefabricated reinforced concrete bearing system with briquette structure material and controlled ceiling cooling system.
- Published
- 2019
43. Bazı armut klon anaçları üzerine aşılı armut çeşitlerinin fidan gelişim performanslarının belirlenmesi
- Author
-
Serttaş, Sevgi, Öztürk, Ahmet, and Bahçe Bitkileri Ana Bilim Dalı
- Subjects
Ziraat ,Pear ,Agriculture - Abstract
Bu çalışma, 2017-2018 yılları arasında bazı armut klon anaçları üzerine aşılı armut çeşitlerinin aşı başarısı ve fidan gelişim performanslarını belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Bu çalışmada, 'Deveci', 'Williams', 'Santa Maria' ve 'Abate Fetel' armut çeşitleri Fox9, Fox11, OHxF333 ve OHxF87 anaçları üzerine dilciksiz aşı yöntemiyle 18 Nisan 2018 tarihinde aşılanmıştır. Araştırmada % kuru madde miktarı dışında incelenen tüm parametreler üzerine anaçların ve çeşitlerin farklı düzeylerde etki ettiği saptanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda anaçların aşı tutma oranı üzerine etkisi olmazken aşı sürme ve fidan yaşama oranı üzerine önemli etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Aşı başarısı üzerine çeşitlerin önemli etkisinin olduğu saptanmıştır. Araştırmada aşı tutma oranın %86.7-%100, aşı sürme oranın %80.0-%100, fidan yaşama oranının %77.8-%100 arasında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Aşı tutma ve aşı sürme oranları bakımından 'Santa Maria' ve 'Deveci' çeşitleri en iyi sonucu vermiştir. En yüksek fidan yaşama oranı 'Santa Maria' ve 'Deveci', en düşük ise 'Williams' çeşidinde belirlenmiştir. Fidan gelişme performansı üzerine anaçların önemli etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Anaç ortalaması bakımından aşı sürgünü uzunluğu en yüksek Fox9, en düşük ise OHxF333 anaçlarında belirlenmiştir. Çeşit ortalaması bakımından ise en yüksek aşı sürgünü uzunluğu 'Santa Maria' çeşidinde saptanmıştır. Araştırmada aşı sürgünü uzunluğunun 96.4 cm-135. 5 cm, aşı sürgünü çapının 17.60 mm-20.94 mm, ortalama yaprak alanının 12.46 cm2-20.17 cm2 arasında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada en yüksek I. sınıf fidan oranı Fox11 anacı üzerine aşılı 'Deveci' çeşidinde saptanmıştır. Pazarlanabilir fidan oranı %74.6 ile %90.0 arasında değişkenlik göstermiştir. Çeşitler bakımından en yüksek pazarlanabilir fidan oranı 'Deveci' ve 'Santa Maria', en düşük ise 'Abate Fetel' çeşidinde belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada fidan kalite kriteri olarak 'Dickson Kalite İndeksi' ve 'Meyve Fidanı Kalite İndeksi' çeşitler arasında sırasıyla 21.3 – 28.8 ve 18.7-60.7; anaçlar arasında 20.9-26.5 ve 22.1-66.0 arasında değişiklik göstermiştir. Modern meyveciliğin gereği olan dallı fidanların kalitesinin belirlenmesinde 'Dickson Kalite İndeksi'ne göre 'Meyve Fidanı Kalite İndeksi'nin kullanımının daha yaralı olacağı sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu çalışmada incelenen çeşitlerin armut klon anaçları üzerinde başarılı olarak yetiştirilebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. This study was carried out to determine the graft success and sapling development performances of pear cultivars grafted on some pear clone rootstocks during 2017-2018 years. In this study, 'Deveci', 'Williams, 'Santa Maria' and 'Abate Fetel' pear cultivars were grafted on Fox9, Fox11, OHxF333 and OHxF87 rootstocks by using a splice grafting method in 18th April 2018. In the study, rootstocks and cultivars had found significantly different effects on all parameters examined except for % dry matter. As a result of the study, rootstocks had a significant effect on the graft sprout ratio and the graft survival ratio of saplings while not having an effect on the graft take ratio. Cultivars had a significantly effect on graft success. In the study, graft take ratio ranged from 86.7% to 100%, the graft sprout ratio ranged from 80.0% to 100% and the sapling survival ratio ranged from 77.8% to 100%. 'Santa Maria' and 'Deveci' cultivars gave the best results in terms of graft take and graft sprout ratios. The highest sapling survival ratio was determined by 'Santa Maria' and 'Deveci', and the lowest by 'Williams'. Rootstocks had a significant effect on sapling development performance. In terms of rootstocks mean, the highest shoot length was in Fox9 and the lowest in OHxF333 rootstocks. In terms of cultivar mean, the highest shoot length was observed from 'Santa Maria' cultivar. In the study, the graft shoot length varied from 96.4 cm to 135cm, the shoot diameter varied from 17.60 mm to 20.94 mm and the average leaf area varied from 12.46 cm2 to 20.17 cm2. The highest first class sapling ratio was found in the 'Deveci' cultivar grafted on Fox 11 rootstock in the study. The marketable sapling ratio ranged from 74.6% to 90.0%. The highest marketable sapling ratio was observed from 'Deveci' and 'Williams' and the lowest in 'Abate Fetel' in terms of cultivars. In the study, the sapling quality as the Dickson Quality Index and the Fruit Sapling Quality Index were 21.3 - 28.8 and 18.7-60.7, respectively, among the cultivars; among the rootstocks were 20.9-26.5 and 22.1-66.0, respectively. It was concluded that the use of the 'Fruit Sapling Quality Index' would be more beneficial than the 'Dickson Quality Index' in determining the quality of branched saplings, which is a requirement of modern fruit growing. In this study, it was concluded that examined pear cultivars can be grown successfully on pear clone rootstocks. 95
- Published
- 2019
44. Farklı anaçlar üzerine aşılı armut çeşitlerinin aşı uyuşma durumlarının belirlenmesi
- Author
-
Çoban, Nermin, Öztürk, Ahmet, and Bahçe Bitkileri Ana Bilim Dalı
- Subjects
Ziraat ,Pear ,Agriculture ,Clon rootstock - Abstract
Bu çalışma, 'Deveci' ve 'Williams' armut çeşitlerinin farklı armut ve ayva anaçları ile aşı uyuşma durumunun büyüme ve karbonhidrat analizleri ile belirlenmesi amacıyla 2015-2016 yıllarında Samsun ekolojik koşullarında yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada aşı tutma oranı (%), aşı sürme oranı (%), fidan yaşama oranı (%), anaç çapı (mm), aşı yeri çapı (mm), sürgün çapı (mm), sürgün uzunluğu (cm), yaprak boyutları (en, boy, alan, sap uzunluğu ve kalınlığı), yan dal sayısı (adet), sürgün gelişme şekli, aşı yerinde şişkinlik, yapraklarda sararma ve düküm incelenmiştir. Aşı bölgesinin altından, aşı noktasından ve aşı noktasının üzerinden 2 cm uzunluğunda alınan odun dokusu örneklerindeki nişasta, şeker ve karbonhidrat miktarları belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca aşı bölgesindeki karbonhidrat birikimi iyotlu potasyum iyodür boyaması ile de gözlemlenmiştir. Araştırmada aşı tutma, aşı sürme ve fidan yaşama oranı üzerine anaçların ve çeşitlerin önemli etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada çeşit ortalamaları bakımından aşı tutma oranının %93.8-99.6 aşı sürme oranının %91.2-97.8, fidan yaşama oranının %88.5-96.9; anaç ortalamaları bakımından ise aşı tutma oranının %95.0-98.5, aşı sürme oranının %92.1-95.8, fidan yaşama oranının %88.5-95.2 arasında olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Aşı tutma ve aşı sürme oranları bakımından çalışmadaki anaçların tamamında 'Deveci' çeşidi en iyi sonuçları vermiştir. En yüksek fidan yaşama oranı Fox11 ve çöğür anacının üzerine aşılanan 'Deveci' çeşidinde (%98.7-99.0), en düşük ise BA29 anacı üzerine aşılı 'Williams' armut çeşidinde (%83.7) belirlenmiştir. Aşı sürgün çapı, anaç çapı, aşı sürgün uzunluğu, yan dal sayısı ve yaprak boyutları üzerine anaçların ve çeşitlerin etkisinin değişkenlik gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Aşı sürgün uzunluğu en yüksek 'Williams'/OHxF333, en düşük ise 'Williams'/BA29 kombinasyonunda belirlenmiştir. Yaprak alanı OHxF333 anacında en yüksek, BA29 anacında ise en düşük olmuştur. Araştırmada anaçlar arasında nişasta ve karbonhidrat içeriği bakımından farklılık bulunmazken şeker içeriği bakımından farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. İncelenen özellikler bakımından çeşitler ve aşı bölgeleri arasında da önemli farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. Şeker içeriği OHF333'de en yüksek, çöğürde en düşük olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada ayva klon anacı üzerine aşılı 'Deveci' çeşidinin aşı bölgeleri arasında nişasta içeriği bakımından farklılık bulunmazken 'Williams' çeşidinde aşı bölgesinin üzerinde aşı bölgesi ve altına göre daha fazla nişasta birikimi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada 'Williams' çeşidinde aşı bölgesi ve üzerinde anaca göre daha fazla karbonhidrat birikiminin olduğu tespit edilmiş olup bu durum potasyum iyodür çözeltisi ile boyama ile de teyit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda armut anaçlarıyla çeşitlerin aşı uyuşma durumlarının belirlenmesinde karbonhidrat birikiminin kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. This study was carried out to determine the graft compatibility with growth and carbohydrate analysis of 'Deveci' and 'Williams 'pear cultivars with different pear and quince rootstocks in Samsun ecological conditions in 2015-2016 years. In the study, graft take ratio (%), graft sprout ratio (%), survival ratio (%), rootstock diameter (mm), graft union diameter (mm), shoot diameter (mm), shoot length (cm), leaf dimensions (width, length, area, stalk length and thickness), number of side branches (number), shoot development, swelling at the grafting site, yellowing and dropping of leaves were examined. The amount of starch, sugar and carbohydrates in 2 cm length wood tissue samples taken from below the grafting site, from the graft point and above the grafting point were determined. And also, carbohydrate accumulation in the grafting site was observed by iodized potassium iodide staining (KI). In the study, rootstocks and cultivars had a significant effect on graft take ratio, graft sprout ratio and survival ratio. In the study, in terms of cultivar averages, the graft take ratio was 93.8-99.6%, the graft sprout ratio was 91.2-97.8%, the survival ratio was 88.5-96.9%; in terms of rootstock averages of the graft take ratio was 95.0-98.5%, graft sprout ratio was 92.1% - 95.8% and survival ratio was found to be between 88.5- 95.2%. The 'Deveci' cultivar gave the best results in all of the rootstocks in terms of graft take, graft sprout and survival ratios in the study. The highest survival ratio was determined in 'Deveci' cultivar grafted on seedling and Fox11 rootstocks (98.7-99.0%) and the lowest was in Williams' cultivar grafted on BA29 rootstock (83.7%). The effect of rootstocks and cultivars on rootstock diameter, shoot diameter, shoot length, number of side branches and leaf sizes were found to differences. The highest shoot length was observed from the 'Williams'/ OHxF333 and the lowest in the 'Williams'/BA29 cultivar/rootstock combination. Leaf area was the highest in OHxF333 rootstock and the lowest in BA29 rootstock. In terms of rootstocks, there were no differences in starch and carbohydrate content, but statistical differences were found in sugar contents in the present study. Significant differences were also found between cultivars and graft union in terms of the examined traits. Sugar content was highest in OHxF333 and lowest in seedling. There was no statistical differences in the starch content between the graft unions of the 'Deveci', while starch accumulation was higher above the grafting site than the below and graft union in the 'Williams' cultivar grafted on the BA29 rootstock. In the study, it was determined that there was more carbohydrate accumulation in the scion and graft union than the below of graft union in 'Williams' grafted on BA29 quince rootstock, which was also confirmed by staining with KI. As a result of the study, it was concluded that carbohydrate accumulation could be used in determining the graft compatibility of the pear cultivars with the different quince and pear rootstocks. 92
- Published
- 2019
45. BURSA BÖLGESİNDE ARMUT MUHAFAZASI İÇİN UYGUN SOĞUK HAVA DEPO TASARIMININ GELİŞTİRİLMESİ
- Author
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Şekerci, Eray, Kılıç, İlker, and Biyosistem Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Ziraat ,Bursa ,Cold weather store ,Pear ,Agriculture - Abstract
Bu çalışmada, Bursa Bölgesi iklim koşullarına uygun armut muhafazası için kullanılacak farklı kapasitelerde soğuk hava deposu tasarımlarının yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada farklı yapı malzemesi seçenekleri arasında MPL bilgisayar yazılımı kullanılarak optimizasyon yapılarak en uygun yapı malzemesi seçimi yapılmıştır. Bursa ilinde armut depolama amaçlı oluşturulan alternatif soğuk hava depoları arasında özellik bakımından kontrollü atmosfer soğutma sistemine sahip 50 ton kapasiteli, çelik çatı ve prefabrik betonarme taşıyıcı sistemli, briket yapı malzemesine sahip duvar ve asma tavanın kullanıldığı soğuk hava deposu olduğu belirlenmiştir. In this study, it is aimed to develop cold storage designs with different capacities to be used for pear storage suitable for climatic conditions of Bursa region. In this study, the among different building material options was made optimization using MPL computer software and the most suitable building material was selected according to optimization results. Among the alternative cold storage depots created for pear storage in Bursa province, it is determined that there is a cold storage depot with 50 tons capacity, steel roof and prefabricated reinforced concrete bearing system with briquette structure material and controlled ceiling cooling system. 53
- Published
- 2019
46. Bazı anaç özellikleriyle, kök bölgesi toprak özelliklerinin, armut ağacının mineral beslenmesine etkisi
- Author
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Nazli, İrfan, Erdal, İbrahim, and Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Soil ,Ziraat ,Mineral nutrient elements ,Pear tree ,Mineral resources ,Pear ,Agriculture ,Soil properties ,Trees ,Nutrition - Abstract
Çalışmada, farklı anaçlar üzerine aşılı bazı armut çeşitlerinde kök bölgesi toprağının bazı özellikleri ve besin elementi içeriklerindeki değişim ile bitkinin mineral beslenme durumları incelenmiştir. Bitki besin maddesi alımı üzerine; anaç, çeşit ve anaç*çeşit interaksiyonlarının etkisi ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışma, verim çağındaki QuinceA(QA), QuinceC(QC), BA29 ve OHxF333 anaçları üzerine aşılı Deveci, Santa Maria ve Akça çeşitlerinde yürütülmüştür. Ağaçların kök bölgelerinden beş farklı dönemde toprak örneği alınarak pH, organik madde, EC ve kireç gibi toprak özellikleri yanında, toplam N ile bitkiye yarayışlı P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn ve Zn içerikleri ile bu maddelerin dönemsel değişimleri incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, haziran ayı sonunda alınan yaprak örnekleri ile toplam N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn ve Zn içerikleri belirlenmiştir. Dönemsel olarak kök bölgesi mineral madde miktarında yüksek bir varyasyon görülmekle birlikte, N, P, Ca, Fe, Cu, Mn ve organik madde miktarı, mart ayından temmuz ayına kadar artmış, en yüksek değere haziran ayında ulaşmıştır. Çeşitler arasında toprağın mineral madde içeriği bakımından farklılıklar bulunmakla birlikte, Akça çeşidi toprak mineral madde miktarının Cu ve K hariç diğer çeşitlere göre genellikle daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Yaprak besin elementi için ise; QA anacında Mg, Mn; QC anacında P, Mg; BA29 anacında Mg; OHxF 333 anacında K; Deveci çeşidinde Ca, Mg; Santa Maria çeşidinde K, Cu; Akça çeşidinde ise Mg, Fe, Mn ve Zn'nin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede daha fazla olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuçta, çalışmada kullanılan anaç, çeşit, anaç*çeşit kombinasyonlarının kök bölgesi ve yapraklardaki mineral besin elementi miktarını etkilediği; bu etkinin de çeşitlere ve dönemlere göre önemli farklılıklar gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Armut, anaç, bitki besin içeriği, çeşit In the study, some properties and mineral nutrient concentrations of the root zone soil and their effects on leaf nutrient concentrations were investigated in some pear varieties grafted on different rootstocks. The effect of rootstocks, cultivars and interactions of them on plant nutrient uptake has been determined. The study was carried out on Deveci, Santa Maria and Akça varieties grafted on QuinceA (QA), QuinceC (QC), BA29 and OHxF333 rootstocks. Soil samples collected from the root regions of the trees in five different periods were examined in terms of periodical changes of pH, organic matter, EC and CaCO3, total N, and plant available P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn. At the same time, total N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn concentrations were determined in leaf samples taken at the end of June. Although, there were quite variations in terms of perioodical some soil charecteristics and nutrients; N, P, Ca, Fe, Cu, Mn and organic matter concentrations showed increment from march to july and the highest walue was measured on june. Although, there were differences in terms of soil nutrient concentrations among the varieties, nutrient concentrations (except for Cu and K) in Akca root zone were higher generally. With regard to leaf nutrient, significantly higher values for Mg and Mn in QA, P and Mg in QC and BA29, K in OHxF 333, Ca and Mg in Deveci, K and Cu in Santa Maria cultivar, and Mg, Fe, Mn and Zn in Akça were determined.As a result, it was found that rootstocks, cultivars and rootstock/cultivar combinations used in the study affected the amount of nutrients in the root region and leaves, and this effect also showed significant differences according to the varieties and periods.Keywords: Pear, rootstock, nutrient content, cultivar 95
- Published
- 2019
47. Determination of mineral nutrient levels of pear hybrids that have different fire blight disease resistance levels
- Author
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Girgin, Senem Ezgi, Evrenosoğlu, Yasemin, Mısırlı, Adalet, Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, and ESOGÜ, Ziraat Fakültesi, Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Ziraat ,Armut ,Erwinia Amylovora ,Pear ,Agriculture ,Melez ,Pyrus Communis L ,Mineral Maddeler ,Fire Blight ,Mineral Nutrients ,Ateş Yanıklığı ,Hybrid - Abstract
Armut, Dünya'nın ılıman iklim bölgelerinde yetiştirilen bir meyve türüdür. Armut yetiştiriciliğinde, üretimi önemli düzeyde etkileyen ve ürün kayıplarına neden olan hastalıklardan en önemlisi tüm ağacın yok olmasına sebep olabilen ateş yanıklığıdır. Bu hastalığın kesin çözümü bulunmamaktadır. Dayanıklılık ıslahı çalışmaları mücadele yöntemlerinin başında yer almıştır. Bu bağlamda, en iyi kontrol yöntemi, hastalığa dayanıklı çeşitler ve anaçlar kullanmaktır. Bitkilerde hastalıklara dayanım mekanizmasında makro ve mikro besin elementleri de etkin rol oynamaktadır. Bu noktadan hareketle planlanan çalışma, ateş yanıklığına farklı seviyelerde dayanıklı 36 adet melez ve üçü hastalığa dayanıklı (Ankara, Magness, Kieffer), üçü duyarlı (Santa Maria, Williams, Akça) 6 ebeveyn ile 3 tekerürlü tesadüf parselleri modelinde yapılmış ve bu bitkilerin yapraklarında mineral madde içerikleri saptanmıştır. Analizler sonucu grup ortalamalarında, duyarlı grubun (E grubu) N, Ca, Fe ve Mn içerikleri fazla iken, dayanıklı grubun (A grubu) P, K, Mg, Na, Cu ve Zn içeriklerinin daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Diğer yandan, ebeveyn çeşitler açısından farklı bir durum ortaya çıkmış olup N, Ca ve Fe içeriği dayanıklı çeşitlerde duyarlılara göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur Pear is a fruit species grown in temperate regions of the World. Fire blight is the most destructive disease in pear growing that effect production and causes yield losses and kills whole tree. There is no certain solution to disease. Resistance breeding researches had come into prominance, recently. So, the best control method in fire blight is to use resistant rootstocks and cultivars. Macro ve micro elements are effective in disease resistance mechanism. This study was planned from this point of view and 36 crossbred varieties which are resistant to the fire blight in various degrees were obtained using three resistant (Ankara, Magness and Kieffer) and three susceptible varieties (Santa Maria, William and Akça) as rootstocks; the study was carried out in 3 repetitive random plot model and the mineral content of the leaves of the plants were determined. At the end of the analyses, it was detected that N, Ca, Fe and Mn content is higher at mean values of susceptible classes, on the contrary, P, K, Mg, Na, Cu and Zn is higher at mean values of resistant classes. Conversely, some of the leaf mineral content of parents concluded as the opposite of susceptibility classes. For example, N, Ca ve Fe content was measured higher in resistant parents
- Published
- 2018
48. Determination of irradiated food by electron spin resonance (esr) technique
- Author
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Yurtsever, Semih, Horasan, Nuray, and Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Fizik Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Medlar ,Gıda Işınlaması ,Quince ,Oleaster ,Armut ,Nane ,Mint and daisy ,Wild fennel ,Centaury root ,Arapsaçı ,Melisa ,Papatya ,Muşmula ,Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) ,Pear ,Balm ,İğde ,Ayva ,Kantaron ,Elektron Spin Rezonans (ESR) - Abstract
Günümüzde, gıdaların raf ömrünü arttırmak, israfını önlemek, bozulmalarını geciktirmek ve haşerelere karşı savaşmak için, gıdalarda pek çok uygulama yapılır. Bu uygulamalardan birisi de gıda ışınlama yöntemidir. Işınlanmış gıdaların tespiti ve etiketlenmesi, gıdayı alacak olan tüketicileri bilgilendirmek için önemlidir. Işınlanmış gıdaların tespiti için pek çok fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik metot vardır. Işınlanmış gıdaları tespit etmedeki yöntemlerden birisi de Elektron Spin Rezonans (ESR) tekniğidir. Bu teknik ile ışınlanmış gıdalarda, ışınlama sonucu oluşan serbest radikaller tespit edilir. Bu araştırmada, gıdalarda, ışınlamayla oluşmuş selüloz radikallerinin yardımı ile ışınlanmış gıdaların ışınlanmamış olanlardan ayırt edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Aydın’dan yerel bir marketten alınan arapsaçı, armut, ayva, iğde, kantaron, melisa, muşmula, nane ve papatya araştırma için seçilmiştir. Bu gıdalar 0,5, 1, 3, 5 ve 10 kGy dozunda ışınlandı. Oda sıcaklığında ESR sinyalleri kaydedilip, ışınlanmış gıdaların uydu sinyallerinin tespiti yapılmıştır. Her bir örnek için doz cevap grafiği çizilip, fit edilmiştir. 5 ve 10 kGy dozunda ışınlanan örnekler 120 gün boyunca farklı zaman aralıklarında ölçülerek uydu ve merkezi sinyallerindeki azalma tespit edilmiştir. Nowadays so many treatments are applied on food; to increase the shelf-life, prevent food waste, delay food decay and fight against pests. One of these treatments is food irradiation. Detection and labeling of these irradiated food is crucial to be acknowledged the consumers. There are so many physical, chemical and biological methods that detect irradiated food. One of these methods to detect the irradiated food is Electron Spin Resonance (ESR). Trough this technique, free radicals due to irradiation can be detected. In this research, the aim is to distinguish the irradiated food from non-irradiated food with the help of cellulose radicals caused by irradiation. For the reseach; samples of wild fennel, pear, quince, oleaster, centaury root, balm, medlar, mint and daisy were purchased from a local mall in Aydın. The samples were irradiated at 0,5, 1, 3, 5 and 10 kGy. Detection of the irradiated samples were made trough the satellite signals, and the samples irradiated at 5, 10 kGy measured in different time periods for 120 days and deterioration in these signals were detected.
- Published
- 2017
49. Malatya'nın Pötürge ve Doğanyol ilçelerindeki armut (Pyrus communis L.) genotiplerinin seleksiyonu
- Author
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Bayindir, Yusuf, Uzun, Aydın, and Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Ziraat ,Pear ,Agriculture ,Selection ,Malatya - Abstract
Bu çalışma, Malatya ili Pötürge ve Doğanyol ilçelerinde yetiştirilen mahalli armut genotilerinin oluşturduğu populasyon içerisinden üstün özellikli bireyleri seçmek amacıyla 2015-2016 yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Çalışma alanı taranarak yaklaşık 700 dolayında armut ağacı ön incelemeye tabi tutulmuştur. Ön seleksiyonla belirlenen 23 mahalli armut genotipinin fenolojik, morfolojik ve pomolojik özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Üstün özellikli armut genotiplerinin tespitinde değiştirilmiş tartılı derecelendirme metodu kullanılmıştır.Armut seleksiyonunun birinci aşamasında tartılı derecelendirmeye esas olan özellikler dikkate alınarak yapılan değerlendirme sonunda, en yüksek puan alan 13 armut genotipi ümitvar olarak belirlenmiştir. Bunların 4 tanesi güzlük, 9 tanesi ise kışlık grupta yer almaktadır.Pomolojik analizlerde; genotiplerin meyve ağırlığı 57.70 (441120) – 209.73 (441114) g, meyve eni 47.17 (441120) – 74.84 (441114) mm, meyve boyu 48.64 (441120) – 86.89 (441111) mm, meyve sap uzunluğu 18.08 (440702) – 61.74 (440707) mm arasında belirlenmiştir. Meyve eti sertliği 2.84 (440709) – 9.51 (441114) kg/cm2, çekirdek ağırlığı ise 0.00 (441119) – 0.10 (441106) g arasında değişmiştir. SÇKM içeriğinin % 11.80 (441112) – 19.40 (441113), TEA değerinin % 0.11 (441121) – 0.67 (441112), meyve suyu pH'sının ise 3.57 (440701) – 4.95 (440704) arasında değiştiği tespit edilmiştir. This study was conducted in 2015-2016 with the aim of selecting individuals with superior characteristics from the populations of local pear genotypes grown in the provinces of Pöturge and Doğanyol in Malatya. The study area was screened and about 700 pear trees were subjected to preliminary examination. The phenological, morphological and pomological characteristics of 23 localized pear genotypes determined by pre-selection were determined. A modified weighed grading method was used to identify superior pear genotypes.At the first stage of selection of pears, 13 pear genotypes with the highest score were identified as being hopeful at the end of the evaluation made by taking into account the grading characteristics. 4 of them are in the autumn and 9 of them are in the winter group.In pomological analysis, fruit weight of genotypes varied between 57.70 g (441120) – 209.73 g (441114), fruit width ranged between 47.17 mm (441120) – 74.84 mm (441114), fruit lenght varied between 48.64 mm (441120) – 86.89 mm (441111). Pedicel lenght of genotypes found as 18.08 mm (440702) – 61.74 mm (440707). Flesh firmness of fruit ranged between 2.84 kg/cm2 (440709) – 9.51 kg/cm2. Seed weight of the genotypes calculated as 0.00 g (441119) – 0.10 g (441106). Total soluble solids values found as 11.80 (441112) – 19.40 % (441113). Titretable acidity of genotypes were between 0.11 (441121) – 0.67 % and pH were (441112) 3.57 (440701) – 4.95 (440704). 77
- Published
- 2017
50. Armutta melezleme yoluyla ateş yanıklığına (Erwinia amylovora) dayanıklılık konusunda elde edilen F₁ melez populasyonunun fenolojik ve meyve özelliklerinin belirlenmesi
- Author
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Mertoğlu, Kerem, Evrenosoğlu, Yasemin, TR51630, and ESOGÜ, Ziraat Fakültesi, Bahçe Bitkileri
- Subjects
Genotype ,Armut ,Erwinia Amylovora ,Pear ,Weighted-ranked Method ,Tartılı Derecelendirme Yöntemi ,Genotip - Abstract
Türkiye, önemli bir armut üreticisi olup, sahip olduğu iklimsel avantajı erkenci, orta ve geçci armut üretimine yansıtarak dünyada potansiyel üretici konumunda bulunan ilk 5 ülke arasına adını yazdırmıştır. Henüz istenilen düzeyde olmayan ihracat rakamını ise kaliteli meyve üretimiyle yakalaması mümkündür. Gümrüklerde, kalıntı testlerine takılarak geri gönderilen armutların analizi yapıldığında, kalıntıya sebep olan kimyasalların büyük kısmını armudun en yıkıcı hastalığı olan ateş yanıklığına karşı kullanılan kimyasalların oluşturduğu görülmektedir. Ateş yanıklığına karşı henüz kesin bir çözümün bulunamamış olması, kullanılan kimyasalların insan sağlığına zararlı olmaları ve organik yetiştiriciliğin giderek yaygınlaşması, hastalığın kontrolünde dayanıklı anaç ve çeşit ıslahını ön plana çıkarmaktadır. Çalışmada bu amaçla ateş yanıklığı hastalığına hassasiyet durumları belirlenen 42 genotip ve 4 çeşidin, 2 yıllık fenolojik, pomolojik, morfolojik ve kimyasal özellikleri tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada incelenen genotiplerin tam çiçeklenme tarihleri, yıllara göre 25 Mart - 25 Nisan, hasat tarihleri 3 Ağustos - 6 Ekim, tam çiçeklenmeden hasada kadar geçen gün sayısı 109 – 174 gün arasında değişiklik göstermiştir. Ortalama meyve boyu 29.85 - 104.61 mm, meyve eni 27.76 - 76.48 mm, meyve ağırlığı 12.4 - 292.62 g, meyve eti sertliği ise 5.0 - 10.8 kg/cm2 aralığında değişim göstermiştir. Ortalama suda çözünebilir kuru madde içeriği % 12.3 - % 17.7, titre edilebilir asit miktarı % 0.18 - 0.96 aralığında değişim göstermiştir. Çalışmada, özellikleri belirlenen 42 genotip ile referans olarak kullanılan 4 çeşit, ateş yanıklığı hastalığına dayanıklılık, yeme kalitesi, albeni, meyve iriliği, boy/çap, suda çözünebilir kuru madde, meyve eti taş hücre durumu, meyve eti sertliği ve paslılık parametreleri kullanılarak, tartılı derecelendirmeye tabi tutulmuştur. Değerlendirme sonucunda, üstün bulunan 7 genotip ileri düzey gözlem parseline geçebilecek potansiyelde görülmüştür. Turkey, as a significant pear producer, has taken its part in the top 5 countries of the World in terms of production potential by reflecting its climate advantage on early, middle and late season pear production. It is also possible to increase the current undesirable amount of exports by producing high quality fruits. When the pears returned from customs as a result of residue tests, it is seen that the most of the chemicals causing residues are chemicals used against the most destructive disease in pears, fire blight. The lack of a final solution to fire blight and the harmful effects of the protective chemicals on human health, put forward the improvement of resistant rootstocks and varietyies. For this purpose, in this research two-years phenological, morphological and chemical properties of 42 genotypes and 4 cultivars, which susceptibility levels against fire blight detected, were determined. Full blooming dates, harvest dates and day from full blooming to harvest of analysed genotypes were varied between 25 March - 25 April, 3 August - 6 October and 109 - 174 days, respectively. Average fruit length was detected among 29.85 - 104.61 mm, fruit diameter was detected between 27.76 - 76.48 mm, fruit weight was between 12.4 - 292.62 g, and fruit flesh hardness was varied between 5.0 - 10.8 kg/cm2. Average watersoluble dry matter content and titrable acidity varied among 12.3 % - 17.7 % and 0.18 % - 0.96 %, respectively. In this research, 42 genotypes and 4 parental cultivars, subjected to weighed ranked method via parameters of susceptibility to fire blight, edible quality, attractiveness, fruit thickness, length/diameter, water-soluble dry matter, condition of fruit flesh stone cell, fruit flesh hardness and rustiness. Due to evaluation results, 7 genotypes considered as potentially superior to progress advanced level observation plots.
- Published
- 2016
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