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Modern çağın, “dijital ekonomi”ye dönüşmeye başlayan ekonomilerde, devletlerin işleyişini de değiştirmedeki etkisinin, dikkat çekici bir katkıya sahip olduğunu söylemek gerekir. Siyasi ve sosyal gücün e-Devlet imkanlarıyla, adeta bir devrimle, dijital yapıya dönüşmesi ifadesi bütüyle bir hayal veya abartı değildir. Gözetim, yüzyıllardan bu yana farklı yöntemler ile toplumlar üzerinde uygulanan pratikleri kapsamaktadır. Bu deneyimlerin temel amacı, mevcut otoritenin toplumu kontrol etme güdüsünden gelmektedir. Gelişen teknolojinin sağlamış olduğu imkanlar bu arzuyu daha da güçlü kılabilmiştir.Bu çalışmada gözetimin tarihsel akış içinde aldığı biçimlere değinildikten sonra, XX. yüzyılın son çeyreğinden itibaren ortaya çıkmaya başlayan dijital teknolojinin özellikle son 20 yılda gözetimin de dijitalleşmesine yol açtığına işaret edilmiştir. Bu çerçevede, gözetimin günümüzde panoptik biçiminin iç içe geçerek işlev gördüğünün altı çizilerek dijital gözetimin post modern kültür bağlamında sıradan hale gelmesine ve Kazakistan Cumhuriyeti Elektonik Hükümeti E-Gov Portalı’na genel bakış ve başarıları değerlendirilerek e-Devlet hizmetlerine dikkat çekilmiştir.

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Çalışmada Türkiye’de gümrük müşavirlerinin, bir e-devlet uygulaması olan, Tek Pencere Sistemini (TPS) kullanım niyetini belirleyen faktörlerin ve ayrıca TPS’nin kullanım niyetinin vergi uyumu üzerindeki etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın ana evreni Türkiye’deki gümrük müşavirleri olarak belirlenmiş ve örnek kitle İstanbul, Ankara, Bursa ve İzmir ve Kocaeli Gümrük Müşavirleri Derneklerine üye gümrük müşavirleri arasından gönüllülük esasına göre seçilmiştir. Belirlenen örnek kitleden doğrudan veri toplama yöntemiyle derlenen veriler faktör analizine ve ardından yapısal eşitlik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Analizler sonucunda TPS kullanım niyetinin 4 faktörden etkilendiği ve kulanım niyetinin vergi uyumunu belirlediği görülmüştür. Hizmet kalitesinin TPS’nin kullanım niyetini en güçlü ve pozitif yönlü etkileyen değişken olduğu, buna karşın yarar algısının kullanım niyeti üzerindeki etkisinin zayıf ve anlamsız olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Çalışma, e-Devletin önemli ayaklarından biri olan e-sağlık hizmetlerinin kullanıcılar açısından incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Katılımcıların e-sağlık hizmetleri farkındalık, kullanım ve memnuniyet düzeyleri ölçülmüştür. Memnuniyet düzeyleri ile sosyo-ekonomik ve demografik yapı arasında anlamlı ve pozitif bir ilişki olup olmadığı incelenmiştir. Yöntem olarak alan araştırması tekniği, veri toplama aracı olarak ise online ve yüz yüze anket tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda eğitim düzeyi ile e-sağlık hizmetleri memnuniyet düzeyi arasında anlamlı bir sonuç ortaya çıkmıştır. E-sağlık hizmetlerinin çalışma hızından memnuniyetin, talep edilen hizmetlerin taleplerini randevu beklemeden karşılama düzeyinin yüksek olduğu gözlemlendi. Katılımcıların çoklu ifadelerinin değerlendirildiği e-nabız kullanım sonuçlarına göre en çok kullanılan hizmetin ‘Test Sonucu Öğrenme’ hizmeti olduğu anlaşıldı. Katılımcıların en sık kullandıkları e-sağlık hizmetleri arasında “Hayat Eve Sığar Mobil uygulaması” birinci, “MHRS Mobil uygulaması” ikinci sırada yer aldı. En az kullanılan mobil uygulamalar arasında yerel bir uygulama olan Konya Şehir Hastanesi Mobil uygulaması yer aldı. Çalışma bulgularının kamu politika yapıcılarına e-sağlık hizmetlerinin geliştirilmesinde kullanabilecekleri önemli bilgiler sağlayacağı değerlendirilmektedir.

The acceptance of a participatory management approach by the society and the correct, fair and effective use of participation tools is a cultural as well as a structural issue. In the literature, the most basic indicator of the development of a culture of participation is the number of people willing to participate. However, qualitative aspects of participation motivation are also important for political culture. This study presents original findings on the social meaning of the Presidential Communication Center (CIMER) established in Turkey as a participation tool. The findings of the study are based on a sample of 400 people selected from the provinces of Istanbul, Ankara and Izmir, which constitute more than 30% of the Turkish population, taking into account the 16-74 age group on which the internet usage data is based. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of technology, and the immediacy in which these developments have forced the states to transform have raised the importance and popularity of the information society. As a necessity of information societies, the e-transformation process has been developing rapidly in our country with the spread of internet and technology. This development brings with it the framework of public service provided through the internet, and the protection of personal data of individuals within the scope of these services. Within the scope of this article, the history of e-transformation in our country will be briefly explained, and from there, especially the e-government gate project, the HES code application and the personal data processed within the scope of this application will be generally examined.

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Dünyada ve ülkemizde sanayi toplumundan bilgi toplumuna geçişle beraber kamu ve özel yönetimlerde bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin kullanım alanları gittikçe yaygınlaşmıştır. Küreselleşme, değişim gibi etkenler yönetimlerde internet teknolojisinden yararlanmayı zorunluluk haline getirmiştir. Kamu yönetimlerinin yeniden yapılanmasında etkili olan şeffaflık, katılımcılık, hesap verebilirlik, açıklık gibi ilkeler yerel yönetimlerde de önem verilmesi gereken ilkelerdir. Teknolojinin gelişmesi sonucunda yerel yönetimler de bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinden daha fazla yararlanmak amacıyla yerel yönetimlerde dijital dönüşüm kapsamında yeni teknolojilerin kullanılması gereği ortaya çıkmıştır. Merkezi yönetimde uygulanan elektronik hizmet sunma yöntemlerinden beklenen faydanın sağlanmasıyla yerel yönetimlerde de elektronik ortamda hizmet sunmanın mümkün olabileceği görülmüştür. Yerel yönetimlerde internet, bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri kullanılarak yerel halka daha nitelikli, daha kaliteli ve daha verimli hizmet sunmak amacıyla farklı farklı uygulamalar geliştirilmiştir. Yerel yönetimler tarafından uygulamaya konulan dijital dönüşüm uygulamaları sayesinde yerel halkın ihtiyaçlarına daha kısa ve daha hızlı bir sürede cevap verebilmekte, onların günlük hayatlarını kolaylaştırmaktadır. Bu kapsamda çalışmada yerel yönetimlerde gerçekleştirilen dijital dönüşüm uygulamaları sayesinde yerel yönetimler üzerindeki etkisini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Yerel yönetimlerin bilgi teknolojisinden yararlanarak hangi uygulamaları gerçekleştirdikleri incelenmiştir. Yerel yönetimlerde dijital dönüşümden beklenen faydanın sağlanması amacıyla öneriler geliştirilmiştir.

Günümüz teknolojisinin getirdiği hızlı dönüşümler bireylere, örgütlere ve topluma değişim için baskı yapmaktadır. Bu hızlı dönüşüme ayak uydurma noktasında kuşak farkı göze çarpmaktadır. Kamu sektörü de teknolojinin sağladığı bu imkânlardan faydalanmaya çalışmaktadır. Bu reformların oluşturduğu etkilerin ölçülebilmesi için en önemli adımlardan biri söz konusu reformların zihinlerde oluşturduğu yenilik algısının ölçülmesidir. Nicel yöntemin anket tekniği ile veriler toplanmıştır. Yeniliklerin kurum personeli nezdinde ne ölçüde etki ettiğini, bu etkinin kamu personelinin örgütsel sinizm davranışlarına yansımalarını ortaya koymak adına geliştirilen “yenilik algısı ölçeği” ile çalışmaya uyarlanan “örgütsel sinizm ölçeği” Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu (SGK) kamu personeline yüz yüze uygulanmıştır. Bu araştırmada ölçüm yapmak üzere e-Devlet uygulamalarının oluşturduğu yenilik algısı tercih edilmiştir. SGK’nın seçilme sebebi ise e-Devlet uygulamaları içinde en çok kullanılan uygulamanın SGK uygulamalarından 4A Hizmet dökümü uygulamasının olmasıdır. Örgütsel sinizm en basit tanımıyla çalışanların değişime karşı ve kuruma karşı kalıplaşan alaycı, tepkili, olumsuz tutumlarıdır. Örgütlerde yaşanan bu köklü dönüşümlerin örgütsel sinizm olgusuna da etkisinin olacağı öngörülmüştür. Toplanan veriler bu öngörüyü desteklemiş, çalışanların yenilik algısının örgütsel sinizm üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu ortaya koyulmuştur. Ayrıca bu değişkenlerin demografik verilere bağlı farklılıkları da sorgulanmıştır. Kadın ve erkeklerin yenilik algılarının ve örgütsel sinizm düzeylerinin anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği, yaş, mesleki kıdem ve eğitim durumuna göre söz konusu değişkenlerin anlamlı farklılıklar gösterdiği sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca bölgesel karşılaştırmada yenilik algısının farklılık göstermediği ama örgütsel sinizm düzeyinin anlamlı farklılıklar arz ettiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

There is a general view that the state apparatus is closed to interaction, vertical hierarchical and bureaucratic structure in Turkey. In such a structure where the state-citizen encounter creates a certain power asymmetry, the encounter of the governed with the state produces a serious perception regarding the enormous power of the bureaucracy. Because the dominant administrative image in citizen's mind is that the state has a strict bureaucratic structure. This situation is a problem in terms of the soundness of state-citizen relations. However, with the e-government application that became widespread in Turkey since the late 2010s years, this situation seems to have changed greatly. With the application in question, the hierarchical / vertical state model is gradually giving way to the participatory / horizontal state model. This study aims to examine the assumption that e-government services convert the state-citizen relations positively. Questionnaire technique, which is one of the quantitative research methods, was used in the study; and the present paper examined in which direction the perception of the state in the minds of the citizens was transformed depending on demographic characteristics. As a result, it was determined that the e-government application greatly increased the trust in the state, made the citizens feel important, prevented abuses such as irregularity, corruption and favoritism in formal occasions, and gave the citizen a feeling of participating in the administration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amaç: Bu çalışmadaki amacımız, ABD Dolar senyorajının ne boyutta oluğunu tespit etmek ve bunun kripto paraların yükselişiyle etkilenip etkilenmeyeceğini anlamaya çalışmaktır.Yöntem: Bu çoklu disipliner çalışmamızda, henüz yaygınlaşmamış olmakla birlikte özellikle dijital/kripto para mekanizmasının ABD Dolarının küresel ölçekte hegemonyasını sarsabilecek bir potansiyelde olup olmaması noktasında hegemonya, paradigma, senyoraj ve parasal miktar kuramları çerçevesinde çoklu analiz yapılmaktadır.Bulgular: ABD Doları, diğer uluslar tarafından rezerv para, değişim aracı ve değer ölçümü olarak kullanıldığından günümüzde sadece ulusal senyoraj değil, aynı zamanda küresel senyoraj aracı olarak da rakipsiz bir avantaj sağlamaktadır. Bu sayede diğer ulusların rekabet edemeyeceği bir üstünlük elde etmiştir. Türk Lirası (TL) örneğinde görüldüğü gibi pek çok gelişmekte olan ülke paralarının değer kaybından dolayı sıkıntılar yaşamaktadır. Elle tutulur ortamdan e-devlet/MIS dijital alanına kayan devletin parası da aynı eğilim ve metotla sanal ve kripto ortama taşınmak zorundadır. Özellikle Korona Virüs salgını sonrasında kağıt paraların da enfeksiyon bulaştırma riski ön plana çıktığından Dijital Dolar için ABD Senatosunda yasa önerilerinin tartışılıyor olması bu hususta gerekli alt yapının hızlı bir şekilde hazırlanacağı anlaşılmaktadır. Hatta saygın bilim otoriteleri ve politikacılar tarafından Korona Virüsün Endüstri 4.0 için ortam oluşturmak maksadıyla yapay olarak geliştirilmiş olduğu iddialarının/suçlamalarının yanı sıra, pek çok gelişmiş ülkede insanlara mikro chip takılması ve kripto paralara geçilmesi ciddi bir gündem haline gelmiştir.Sonuç: Kripto para mühendisliğinde kullanılan blokzinciri teknolojisi, ulus paralara rakip olabilecek Bitcoin denilen çeşitli elektronik para uygulamaları ile birlikte aynı zamanda bir belgenin veya varlığın ispatlanmasında da kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Kripto paraların ülkelerin rezerv para uygulamalarını ve ABD’nin Dolar Senyorajını bozacak potansiyelde olabileceği sunucuna varılmıştır. Ancak, Fereral Reserv Merkez Bankasının Dijital Dolar için gerekli alt yapıyı hazırlamış olduğuyla ilgili haberler dikkate alındığında Dolar kullanımının ve bundan kaynaklanan senyorajın devam ettirilme ihtimalinin de güçlü olduğu söylenebilir.

Transformation in public administration began in 1980s. The management understanding of the public sector has evolved from traditional public administration to new public management understanding and from there to the contemporary governance understanding. The new public management understanding is based on the idea that the state can be managed, essentially, with the principles and tools of the private sector. The new public management approach aims to introduce private sector concepts of effectiveness, efficiency and being economical in the functioning of the state. Governance approach, on the other hand, emerged in 1990s, when the functioning of the state was open to a new round of questioning. With governance, the aim is to create a multi-stakeholder management structure where the state is accompanied by the civil society and markets. The objective is to achieve effectiveness, efficiency, transparency, openness, accountability, participation and equality in public management. In the years 2000, the emergence of new media technologies triggered by the advances in information and communication technologies laid the foundation for the emergence of e-Government. e-Government is also a multi-faceted structure. This study focuses on new media technologies, governance approach and e-Government. In this study, it is used a descriptive analysis method. It is presented that e-Government is compatible with the principles of governance as a citizen-centered management approach and has an important role in the implementation of governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electronic government (e-government) practices are increasing daily to provide citizens efficient, transparent, and fast and quality services. The use of e-government practices which have a variety of benefits for public administration shows regional differences. In this study, the use of e-government practices in two capital cities, Ankara and Nicosia, compared to find out the advantages and disadvantages of the e-government systems and practices used. The research aims to answer the following question: 'What is the evaluation of e-government practices by the citizens in De Jure (Ankara) and De Facto (Nicosia) countries?'. 300 Turkish citizens from Ankara and 299 Turkish Cypriot citizens from Nicosia answered 46 survey questions. The collected data analysed with T, Anova and correlation tests via SPSS programme. This study reveals the citizen expectancy and satisfaction. The research findings indicate that the users in Ankara are more satisfied with e-government practices than Nicosia. Also, the users who use e-government practices are more positive towards the services than non-users. Furthermore, findings indicate that there are differences via performance expectancy as the income level increases. The users with higher computer and internet use have a more positive attitude towards e-government practices. Recommendations provided for the continuation of e-government practices in a user satisfied concept. Periodic repetition of this study will allow having more accurate observation of the differences and changes within the regional uses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Since the beginning of the early 2000s, romanians began to show an increased interest in the new tools meant to facilitate both the information of the citizens and their participation in discussions and debates. It wasn't long before the citizens discovered the opportunities offered by the Facebook social network, thanks to which they began to move the debates in the virtual environment. The purpose of this article is to understand the degree of which the local public administration has adapted to these requirements and to what extent the halls of the county towns in Romania find a friend in facilitating the interaction with citizens through Facebook. Thus, in this paper I analyze the Facebook pages of the halls of the county towns in Romania in order to understand to what extent they have adopted the Facebook tool in the interaction with the citizens. After presenting the results obtained by each page, I will elaborate a six-step guide that the town halls could follow in order to increase the efficiency of communication on Facebook. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current technologies are advancing day by day more and more. In the context of the Covid Crisis 19, digitalization has taken another form, transforming from a desideratum into a practical necessity of everyday life. The most important areas have moved into the digital sphere, with recommendations from the authorities to encourage teleworking and online education. But now we are facing an internet revolution. There are specialists who predict that a new technology, blockchain, will change the face of the internet as we know it today. Along with another important resource that has sparked much geopolitical controversy (the introduction of 5G data transmission) Blockchain has the potential, through the tools it offers, to change the standard of entire sectors of the economy, such as health, transportation, education but and the way we use money today. In this article we will consider a definition of this technology, we will explore the premises of this wave and we will try to highlight some implications of these new tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Çalışmada, kamusal hizmet üretimi ve yurttaşlara sunumu sürecinde bilgive iletişim teknolojilerinde faydalanmak şeklinde tanımlanan e-Devletkavramının ortaya çıkışı, kapsamı ve mahiyeti hakkında dünya ve Türkiyeölçeğinde kısaca bilgi verilmiştir. Ardından sağlık sektöründe e-Devletuygulamaları incelenmiş ve etkinliği hakkında Isparta il merkezi ölçeğinde biralan araştırması yapılarak değerlendirmelere yer verilmiştir. Araştırmadaliteratür taraması ve mevzuat incelemesi yöntemleri kullanılmış, ayrıca telefon,e-posta ve yüz yüze görüşmelerle Sağlık Bakanlığı merkez ve taşra teşkilatıçalışanlarından mevcut uygulamaların işlerliği ve etkinliği hakkında bilgitoplanmıştır. Uygulama kısmında da yöntem olarak saha araştırması, veri toplamaaracı olarak ise yüz yüze anket tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Anket çalışmasısonucunda, Sağlık Bakanlığı ve hastanelerin vatandaşlara sundukları e-Sağlıkuygulamaları hakkında vatandaşların yüksek düzeyde bilgi sahibi oldukları,ancak bu hizmetleri düşük düzeyde kullandıkları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. MHRS’ninen sık kullanılan e-Sağlık hizmeti olduğu, e-Nabız ve e-Laboratuvarhizmetlerinin ise çok düşük kullanım oranlarına sahip olduğu görülmüştür.

The major aim of this study to examine the factors that enable end-user adoption of e-government services in Turkey. A research model is proposed and tested using data based on a sample of 242 individual e-government web portal users in Turkey, the research model were evaluated with the model using the Partial Least Squares PLS method was applied for structural model assessment and analysis of the relationships among constructs. Results show that perceived usefulness and user satisfaction affects user’s adoption and continuance intention. The findings are useful for policy-makers and decision-makers to develop a better understanding of citizens’ needs. The adopted model can be used as a guideline for the implementation of e-government services in Turkey. This study suggests that government should run extensive advertising campaigns to ensure that people are aware of the services and use them. This implies that government should place emphasis on increasing awareness of the services, show the benefits of citizens and encouraging confidence in the system.

Participation in public decisions gained a different dimension with Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). With this phenomenon called e-participation, the state and its institutions have tried to make citizens more visible on issues related to public policy. For this purpose, e-participation tools offered from the official websites of the institutions have served as a bridge in the interaction between the state and the citizen. The aim of this study is to analyze the level of eparticipation at the central level by identifying the e-participation tools on the official websites of the Turkish public administration ministries.. As a result of the research, it was determined that the level of e-participation in ministries did not go beyond awareness and symbolic participation. In other words, while policy information is well done in ministries, there is no effort to ensure that citizens are part of the decision-making process, except for symbolic communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of the state is to provide public services that will ensure the development of the material and spiritual existence of citizens and the peace and prosperity of the society, while protecting the rights and freedom of individuals. E - government services are expressed as "providing public services provided by the state to the citizens in the easiest and most effective way, in a quality, fast, uninterrupted and secure environment". In this study, T.C. in Turkey Ministry of Transport and Civil Aviation General Directorate of e-government services, which are being examined by the e-government activities and to suggest a model for Turkey. In this context, in the first part of the study, e-government structure literature reviews are included. In the second part, the structure of e-government services provided within the scope of the Civil Aviation General Directorate, which is the application area, has been examined with the corporate website. In the last part, an e-government structure was proposed in parallel with the world models. In the research, it was revealed that the software using the business processes management model can be created in accordance with the Turkish e-government structure by analyzing the current situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

KOSGEB support has started to be applied through e-government since February 2018. This process has affected the SMEs in the target audience of the institution, as well as the employees of the institution. In this study, it was aimed to examine the effect of applying for KOSGEB support via e-Government on the satisfaction of employees of the institution. In this context, first of all, the basic definitions related to the concept of e-government were addressed, then the general information about the KOSGEB institution was given and the findings related to the transition of the institution to the e-government process were given. For this purpose, the data published by the institution was used. In a survey conducted with individuals in the position of SME expert, SME expert assistant and manager who work in the KOSGEB institution and are involved in the support process, satisfaction assessment of the application of employees to kosgeb support through e-Government was revealed. Conclusion in the discussion and Recommendations section, a general evaluation of the work was made and recommendations were made on the execution of KOSGEB e-government processes according to feedback from employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

E-government services' use is becoming wider, and it is important in providing efficient public services in public administration. The services having an essential function in Turkey accelerate and ease the service delivery between the governments and the citizens. Upon this information, the study's aim is to identify the citizens' knowledge level who use e-government services of Turkey and identify their level of satisfaction with these services. The study was conducted via quantitative research method, and the study's setting includes 18+ citizens living in Isparta province and using e-government services. In the study 420 citizens were chosen as samples via convenience sampling. A questionnaire created by the researcher was used as the data collection tool after the analysis of the literary reviews. The study shows as the citizens' knowledge level about the e-government services increases, they get more satisfied with them. In this regard, there are some main suggestions such as introducing e-government services more, informing the citizens, enriching in site search engines and removing the bureaucratic obstacles against the e-government services' use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Global Journal of Economics & Business Studies is the property of Gumushane University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

E-democracy is a concept that aims to transform democracy in an open, accountable, transparent, civic engagement. E-democracy consists of processes and structures that include all forms of electronic interaction such as information, negotiation, and voting among the public institutions, government and citizens. E-democracy is not a new type of democracy, but it is linked to the concept of qualified democracy. Beyond procedural democracy, it is an important factor in increasing the quality of democracy by increasing participation in political processes with a management approach sensitive to citizen demands. The study aims to explain the effects of ICT in the process of democratic governance, to examine the concept of e-democracy more closely, to explain its relationship with the theories of democracy and to provide a more precise, preferable terminology for the theory of e-democracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social media use increased steadily in the recent decade by citizens, private sectors and public sector organizations. Provision of e-government practices created interactive dialogue between the public sector organizations and citizens which also aimed to increase institutions' image and reputation. Websites are the one of the main areas where users can have interaction within governments. Therefore, ministry and municipality websites of Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus had been analysed by the content analysis method according to the level of eparticipation maturity. Therefore, the content of ministry websites of Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus and 17 ouf of 28 municipality websites had been analysed according to the level of eparticipation. The ministry and municipality websites had been categorised under 5 main Bakanlık ve Belediye Web Sitelerinin İçerik Analiz Yöntemiyle E-Katılımcılık Bağlamında İncelenmesi: KKTC Örneği 1202 İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, Ekim 2019, Cilt: 33, Sayı: 4 categories and 30 grading criteria. Organizations' working principles, categories of the websites, social media tools, communication channels, organization activities, the content of information and the impact to e-participation had been observed and examined. The research results indicate that municipality websites provide more services and they are more e-participative than ministry sites. E-services and press archive are the areas where municipality websites are more active than ministry websites. It was also observed that most of the ministries' web pages were created with a single template which has many missing elements. Recommendations had been made in order to complete missing elements and to have effective, user-centred e-government websites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concepts such as inefficiency, clumsiness, paperwork, and heavy progress in business with the traditional understanding of the state have begun to decline with the development of information and communication technology and its adaptation to public sector services. The Electronic Government (e-government), which is one of these service applications and which we can generally define as the move of services to the electronic center, provides citizens with access to public services for 7 days and 24 hours. Just as information and communication technologies are constantly evolving, the systems they interact with have also entered a process of change and transformation. Within this process of change, the e-government began to share its place with the Mobile Government (m-government). With the m-government, now many services in the public are starting to reach our tablets, from where the service is produced to mobile phones. E-government and m-government prevented the unnecessary formalities in the public and lost time and cost. The purpose of this study is to examine the concepts of e-government and m-government and its applications in public services with the use of information and communication technologies. Starting from the description of e-government and m-government concepts, the study presents views on the functioning of e-government and m-government applications in Turkish public administration, examples of good practice, opportunities and threats, strengths and weaknesses and how their weaknesses can be prevented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of International Social Research is the property of Journal of International Social Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Financial Politic & Economic Reviews / Finans Politik & Ekonomik Yorumlar is the property of Journal of Financial Politic & Economic Reviews / Finans Politik & Ekomomik Yorumlar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The e-democracy, which argues that liberal democracy produces practices to overcome the crisis of representation, claims that the use of information and communication technologies increases the interaction between state-citizens in a country and increases the capacity for democratization. This study has attempted to reveal the literature review of how e-democracy is effective in expanding participatory democracy's participation phenomenon in a descriptive framework. Many studies that advocate that information and communication technologies increase the impact of political participation, suggest that political actors use social media in the context of information and communication technologies. However, in response to all these positive contributions and expectations of democracy practices to participatory democracy; some social scientists state that the digital division and group polarization of these practices have sometimes resulted in disastrous consequences, namely the principle of consensus and tolerance, which is one of the fundamental elements of democracy. On the other hand, electronic panopticism created by e-democracy practices causes a restrictive and pacifizing effect rather than liberating its citizens in political participation; this destroys the image of participatory democracy as an active political actor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, information about e-government concept which is described as utilization of information and communication technologies in the process of production and presentation of public services to citizens, the emergence of the concept, the scope, components and principal of the concept in the global and Turkey scale has been given. Then e-government applications in the health sector are examined and a field study on their effectiveness in the Isparta city center scale is made and assessed. In the research, literature review and legislative review methods are used and information are collected about the current practices and their effectivity by telephone, e-mail and face-to-face interviews from central and provincial organizations of the Ministry of Health. In the case study part, field survey is used as a method and data collection tool. As a result of the survey, it is seen that citizens have high level of knowledge on the e-Health applications offered by the Ministry of Health and the hospitals, but they use these services at a low level. It is also seen that MHRS is the most frequently used e-Health service and e-Nabiz and e-Laboratory services have the least usage rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electronic Turkish Studies is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Social Sciences / Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Afyon Kocatepe University (AKU) Sosyal Bilimler Enstitusu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

With the development of information technology, the philosophy of providing of public services started to change. Living for many years and developing on a global scale, e-government has been researched by various international organization. Because of the absence of a universal e-government standard, a research is required on global scale. For these purposes, structures such as the UN, EU and Waseda University & IAC have started to work in the field of e-government and to publish reports periodically. Turkey is also the subject of these studies. In this article; the concept of e-government which introduced radical changes in public administration was explained, Turkey's transition process to the e-government, the services it provides and the current situation have been examined and finally, the reports issued by the mentioned organizations have been examined in detail. According to these reports, Turkey tends to increase its development score in all three indices even though there are fluctuations. Other countries in the indices are also improving. Although Turkey has improved its e-government development scores, there is both a rise and a fall in the rankings. As a result, Turkey is a country that continues its development stably even if it does not make a leap in order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Communication Theory & Research / Iletisim Kuram ve Arastirma Dergisi is the property of Gazi University, Faculty of Communication and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The rapid development and widespread use of information and communication technologies have led many countries develop and implement strategies that will benefit the most from these technologies. The dynamics of technological change have also affected the functioning of the states and the manner of service delivery. Republic of Azerbaijan, which keeps up with these dynamics, has taken policy of transferring the state services to the electronic system and has made important steps on this way. This study has explained the process of converting to electronic government services of state service in Azerbaijan. In addition, in this study has been analyzed statistical information of current electronic services in the country. As a result of the analysis, it has been determined that the usage density of electronic government services in Azerbaijan is limited to a few transactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the functionality of municipal web sites was evaluated to determine the level of municipalities in Turkey under the framework of e-government applications. Content analysis method was used in the research. In this context, the web site's accessibility, design, circulation, attractiveness, services for the living, transparency, services for tourists and promotion of provinces, plans and projects, executive information, local entrepreneurship-civil society linkage, passive relationship established from citizen to citizen, the main criteria expressed in terms of correctly established passive relationship, the simultaneous relationship established from the citizen to the citizen, the simultaneous relationship established from the citizen to the site and the municipal services were calculated and the rates of meeting the sub-criteria were calculated. The findings show that municipal web sites are not at the desired level in terms of functionality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]