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Organizational change capacity is an important ability that facilitates an organization’s adaptation to environmental changes. Corporate risk management is; It is a systematic management tool to prevent the negativities caused by these environmental changes and to evaluate the opportunities. In this context, the aim of the study is to reveal the relationship between organizational change capacity and enterprise risk management. As a result of the literature review, the relationships between these two concepts were clearly seen. Organizational change capacity is a continuous learning ability that enables the organization to overcome uncertainties that may occur in the future. Those who want to make change permanent; However, organizations that are concerned about the risks that this change will bring can take smart risks by applying corporate risk management processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Workplaces in the construction industry are coded as “very dangerous” workplaces in the OHS legislation, as they are the workplaces where work accidents occur most frequently and work accidents cause irreparable results. While land structures are built on a foundation laid on a fixed ground, the fact that floating elements require a structuring on a movable ground and without a foundation makes the ship industry a special area of the construction sector. Shipyards, where shipbuilding, maintenance and repair activities are carried out, and in this respect, which form the main backbone of the ship industry, are workplaces that are critically important to examine in terms of occupational health and safety discipline, since they contain "unacceptable risks" for human and environmental health due to the activities carried out. In this study, it is aimed to examine the occupational health and safety practices in shipyards through the defined indicators, to refer to the measures to be taken for possible occupational health and safety non-compliances, and thus to contribute to the creation of a process guide for the prevention of work accidents and occupational diseases. In order to achieve this aim, in the study; the document analysis method was applied and the data collection process was carried out in the form of "observation" and "literature review". As a first in the occupational health and safety discipline, the business processes in the shipyards were analyzed in an integrated way, by defining the leading, compliance and lagging indicators.? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colorectal cancer is one of the important health problems affecting all the world. The primary treatment method for colorectal cancer is surgery. Constipation, which is frequently experienced after surgical procedures, is an important problem that affects patients' quality of life, comfort, respiratory and circulatory systems, and postoperative recovery. This study was conducted to determine the preoperative constipation risks of patients will undergo colorectal cancer surgery. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 91 patients followed for colorectal cancer in a university hospital between March 2017 and 2018. Data were collected one day before colorectal surgery by applying an introductory information form and a constipation risk assessment scale to the patients. In the study, the mean constipation risk scale score of the patients was 11.52±3.40, and 42.4% had low, 29.3% moderate, and 28.3% high constipation risk. There is a statistically significant difference between chronic disease (p=0.027) and regular drug use (p=0.031) and risk of constipation. Patients were at moderate risk for the development of constipation after colorectal cancer surgery. It may be recommended to evaluate the patients in terms of the risk of developing constipation before colorectal cancer surgery and to intervene in these patients for constipation in the early postoperative period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As in all areas of life, there are risk factors in the tourism sector. Tourism, by its nature, contains many types of risks and is affected by many different issues. It is possible to collect these risk areas that tourism is affected by as environmental risk, political risk, legal risk, technological risk and promotion risk. Therefore, the subject of risk management in tourism makes it necessary to deal with many issues. It is possible to glaze them as follows; from environmental management to human resources management; from political and legal management to technology management; from promotion to economics and financial management. In this study, the issue of risk in the practices of municipalities towards the tourism sector is discussed. The reason for this is that the tourism industry, especially in the framework of today's public administration, is an area in the focus of local governments. In this case, local governments make infrastructure and superstructure investments, create urban identity and culture, work on historical artifacts, realize urbanization and make promotion the city that directly affect tourism. In this study, the 2018-2019 and 2020 annual reports of the three metropolitan municipalities that receive the most tourists in Turkey with the MAXQDA 2020 program were examined and risk management practices that could affect the tourism sector were determined. In the results reached, it has been determined that while the municipalities deliberately or unknowingly carry out studies on areas that may be a risk factor in tourism but they do not carry out a comprehensive and institutional tourism risk management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the measurement and decomposition of risk were examined and the risks of the national stock market indices of the BRICS-T countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa and Turkey) were measured using the monthly closing data for the 2009-2018 period, based on the US market. S&P 500 index was chosen as the market index. Accordingly, the total risks of the national stock market indices of the BRICS-T countries are calculated and separated into systematic and non-systematic risks. In addition, beta coefficients that measure the sensitivity to market movements were calculated based on 120-month data. The study findings show that the non-systematic risks of national stock exchanges in the BRICS-T community are generally quite low, and most of the risk is the systematic risk factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the study, it is aimed to investigate the determinants of risk-taking behavior of banks traded in Borsa Istanbul Bank Index in the period of December 2000 - December 2020 by panel cointegration and causality analysis. Risk-taking behavior of banks is measured with Z-Score. Ratios related to financial structure (Equity/Total Asset), asset quality (Net Credit/Total Asset), performance (Net Profit/Total Asset), liquidity (Amihud Ratio) and franchise value ((Market Value + Total Debt) /Total Asset) was included in the analysis as an independent variable. As a result of the analyzes carried out, it has been determined that there is a long-term cointegration relationship between the variables and that the increase in the Equity / Total Assets Ratio, return on assets and insufficient liquidity reduces the risk-taking behavior. In addition, a one-way causality relationship has been determined from risk-taking behavior to return on assets, from franchise value to risk-taking behavior and from lack of liquidity to risk-taking behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development in technology directly affects the financial markets and contributes to introducing new products and services. The cryptocurrency market is one of the financial inventions that entered our lives due to developing technology and digitalization. Although these markets, which have a value of approximately 2 Trillion Dollars, attract a great deal of interest from investors, the information about it is at a limited level. The study investigates the asymmetric volatility characteristic in the cryptocurrency market based on the Covid-19 pandemic and before. The data covers the four largest cryptocurrencies by market capitalization. The GJR-GARCH (1,1) model is applied to estimate the volatility asymmetry. According to the results, while all cryptocurrencies do not exhibit asymmetric volatility characteristics in the pre-crisis period, they show it for the post-crisis. However, reversed asymmetric volatility is not encountered in both periods. Nevertheless, despite sizable fluctuations in the market, the mean reversion effect is observed on the conditional volatility in both periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to present a comparative analysis of the results of Turkey's 2021 Inform (Risk Management Analysis) risk index and the results of Turkey's bordering countries. These countries are Turkey, Greece, Bulgaria, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Iraq, and Syria. The data analyzed in Inform Risk Index are hazard and exposure, vulnerability, and lack of coping capacity. The data regarding exposure to natural and man-made hazards, socioeconomic vulnerability, and the risk of vulnerability in terms of vulnerable groups within the country under the relevant main titles were analyzed. In addition, the data regarding the lack of coping capacity of the countries in terms of institutions and infrastructure against hazards and harms were also analyzed. According to the Inform Risk Index, these countries were ranked as follows from highest to lowest risk: Syria, Iraq, Iran, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Armenia, Greece, and Bulgaria. The risk groups of these countries vary in different categories. It may be argued that the categories of bordering countries' risk index affect each other. It may also be argued that in the long run, the potential disasters in bordering countries may also pose a risk factor in various aspects in neighboring countries. In this sense, effective execution of long-term strategic risk management plans for efficient use of scarce resources may contribute to increasing the coping capacity of the countries with disasters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Covid-19, as well as changing perceptions and attitudes, seems to change or force to change economic, politic, and organizational structures beyond what is predicted. Those states which keep pace with those change waves in time without losing control will gain positive momentum, while those resisting change or falling behind it, will lose speed. In this paper, among those policies, which the pandemic forces to change, Homeland Security Management will be focused. Post-Covid Security perspective refers to a novel and comprehensive paradigm, which incorporates radical changes in security norms. Just as the shock of 9/11 revealed a new understanding of homeland security, the experience with Covid-19 also necessitates radical changes in existing security approaches. Those countries, which apprehend and successfully implement the necessity of this new internal security paradigm that the reality of pandemic created, will gain a sound foundation for similar threats, which are likely to be experienced in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When the automotive industry is examined, it contains many sub-sectors and activities. Therefore, it carries many risk factors. In this direction, a study has been carried out in order to reveal the current situation of risk management. As a result of the structure of the automotive industry, enterprises have to realize and manage their internal and external risks. Therefore, the risk management process started many years ago and is widely implemented. Among the reasons for starting risk management are the prevention of risks that will affect the targets and strategies, the need to take measures actions against financial risks and also legal obligations. Looking at the risk groups focused on, financial risks are still in the first place, followed by strategic risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The software industry is increasingly involved in every aspect of life and software projects are being developed to a large extent. This situation causes very important faults and negative results in the developed projects. Therefore, in order to prevent or minimize this situation, software risk management activities must be successfully implemented. In this study, a new web-based risk management process based on artificial intelligence in software projects was designed and developed. The purpose of the study is to estimate the deviations that might occur in the project outputs according to the risk factors using artificial neural networks (ANN), to minimize the harm that may be encountered in the first stages of the software life cycle and thus to provide a preventive approach for users. In order to create the ANN model of the study, a checklist form was created by preliminary discussions with academicians, experts and project managers in the software engineering field. By using this form, the actual project data were collected from 774 different companies in the software companies located in Teknokent. The generated ANN model has forty-five entrances, a single hidden layer (with fifteen neurons) and five outlets (with 45-15-5); the education R rate is 0.9978; the test R ratio is 0.9935 and the error rate is 0.001. The model is integrated into the application developed by creating the .dll library. The developed application, real project data from different areas were obtained and after obtaining the opinions of experts and academicians (10 people), 4 different scenarios were tested and results were obtained. The results clearly demonstrate that the performance of the application is high and that the use of ANN in such applications provides positive contributions to the project's success. In addition, it has been found that there is a need for applications that provide an artificial intelligence-based risk management process for the software industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's business world, organizations are affected much more than ever from the pace of change. Strategic management approach, which is evaluated as a management technique and preference, is used effectively by enterprises in this process for building the future. Strategic management plays an active role in structuring the audit processes of the enterprises as well as the managerial aspects. The increasing workload with globalization has turned traditional auditing practices of organizations to be insufficient. For organizations, the increased risky activities provided a transition from internal audit practices to risk focused internal audit practices. The orientation of enterprises to risky areas that they are likely to encounter in the future is quite important for them to attain maximum income with minimum loss. The advantage in question can only be attained if the organizations determine the risk-bearing activities in advance. The aim of the study is to determine to what extent the risk oriented internal audit approaches should be utilised for the realisation of future objectives and the decisions to be taken in organizations in a healthy and reliable manner. In this context, one of the qualitative research methods, namely document analysis technique, is used in the study. Risk-oriented internal audit subjects and relations are examined in terms of internal audit, risk-oriented audit, risk management and strategic management in the study. As the result of the study, it is foreseen that a management culture towards risk-oriented internal audit concept would yield serious contributions to the organizations, particularly for those in certain sectors having a dynamic structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Risk analysis requires determination and prevention of hazards that cause occupational accidents and illnesses as well as preparation of application plans to reduce risk levels of hazards and keeping them under control. This paper explains a risk analysis application applied in a public enterprise. With this application, the hazards and risk levels in the enterprise were determined and improvement plans were prepared to reduce the risk levels and the plans were implemented and the control activities were identified to keep the risk levels under control. In the analysis, firstly the hazards with highest risks in terms of occupational health and safety were investigated. In the enterprise, a risk management system, which can reduce or eliminate the risk levels in case of hazards with highest risks and which can keep the risk levels under control in case of hazards with low risk continuously, was established. With the system formed, the occupational accidents were reduced significantly and a safer working environment for the enterprise’s employees was ensured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most important tools used for risk management in the financial system is derivatives. Derivatives are financial contracts created for the purpose of current trading depending on the future value of one or more assets whose qualities are determined between the two parties. However, there are various debates and disagreements about the use of these financial products in Islamic finances. Because the Islamic financial system is a system that has its own principles and rules beyond conventional financial understanding. The sources of these principles are Qur'an, sunnah, ijma and qiyas. As a method of this study, qualitative evaluations on literature review are included, the availability of derivative products in terms of Islamic rules is discussed, and suggestions are made by explaining alternatives which are similar to derivative contracts and appropriate for Islamic finance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The risk culture focuses on the part of the organizational culture concerned with risk management of organisation. Organisational culture provides an active environment for taking decisions about risk management and is determinative in restructuring of corporate risk management in the organisation. In order to understand risk culture, it is necessary to analyze the effects of personal ethics and organizational culture that shape personal tendencies, attitudes and behaviors in risk management. While some organizational cultures can take a lot of risk, some just need to take the necessary risks for innovation. Culture, which is dominant in the organization, sometimes prevents the taking of uncontrollable risks and prevents to go out of politics, while sometimes it can open up a high risk appetite. Depending on recent researches on organizational culture and risk culture, our main aim in this study is to contribute to literature about organization culture-risk culture relationship which is not mentioned in Turkish literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, 2005: Q1 - 2016: Q2 quarterly data of three participation banks in the Turkish banking sector were analyzed in terms of credit risk. In the analysis, the default process is modeled by Wilson's CreditPortfolioView approach. Additionally, Monte Carlo simulation method was used to estimate the expected and unexpected loss distributions. At the end of the study, participation banks in the Turkish banking sector were found to have sufficient capital adequacy ratios. Thus, it was seen that they were financially stable against the potential shocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The acute and post-acute care of the elderly is a process fraught with problems. Elderly patients at high risk are individuals who have to be admitted more frequently to a hospital due to developed complications, who are faced with a constant risk of hospitalization, and who have increased risks of functional decline, nursing home admittance, and death. These adverse outcomes cause discrepancies and problems in the implementation and regulation of treatment and coordination between health entities. Factors increasing these risks vary among these individuals, but existing chronic diseases and geriatric syndromes are the most important underlying causes. The identification of elderly patients at high risk for complications is difficult because of the complex syndromes, chronic diseases, care and socioeconomic problems. Also, these patients are at risk for unplanned hospital admissions. One of every 4 or 5 elderly patients discharged at high risk is re-admitted to a hospital within the first month. In these patients, early diagnosis, followed by a multi-disciplinary team, enhanced discharge planning, medication reconciliation and out of hospital care could contribute to improving the quality of care and more efficient use of the resources. In Turkey there is a need for patient-centered programs on this issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Volatility is a topic attracted great deal of attention from both market participants and academic scholars since it is considered as an indicator of the risk associated with financial instruments. Especially, businesses that operate at international level applies relevant strategies to minimize this risk. Thus, modeling of volatility and forecasting volatility is of great importance from the currency risk management standpoint. The aim of this study is to provide suggestions for accurate estimation of volatility and minimize the exchange rate risk faced by the company. In this study, optimal volatility forecasting models for USD, GBP and EUR time series were modelled with ARCH, GARCH, EGARCH and TARCH methods. The study concludes that the best model for the EUR and USD variables is the asymmetric model used to measure the volatility impact of the “good and bad news” on the market and the best model to explain GBP Exchange volatility is symmetric model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The credit ratings introduced by Basel-II standards have had significant effects on the calculation of capital adequacy and leverage ratios (capital/total assets) of banks. Using the Kealhofer, McQuown and Vasicek (KMV) model, Çabukel (2006) calculated default probabilities for stocks traded on Istanbul Stock Exchange, assigned credit ratings, and calculated the capital requirements according to Basel-II standardized and basic indicator approaches for a hypothetical portfolio. By this way, he assigned credit ratings to companies and concluded that according to Basel-II standards corporate credits could be reduced by utilizing a bottom-up approach. In contrast to the results of the quantitative impact study on Basel-II of Banking Regulation and Supervision Agency, the quantitative impact study carried out by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision showed a 20,7% decline in capital adequacy on average (BCBS, 2006). In this study, similar countries have been identified by using a top-down approach and the impact of credit rating on capital adequacy of corporate loans have been comparatively investigated. Later, capital requirements for corporate loans have been calculated under certain assumptions. As a result, the study has demonstrated that using national credit ratings, a 29% reduction in capital requirement could be achieved through this approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explain the process and results of an application to reduce risks for patient safety during the blood and blood components request, transfer and transfusion process as a part of quality and patient safety studies. Methodology: Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), one of the main risk management methods in quality and patient safety applications, is carried out in an hospital during the blood and blood components request, transfer and transfusion processes to determine and assess the severity, probability and detectability of the potential failures. Risk Priority Number (RPN) is calculated by using severity, probability and detectability scores and readjustments have been suggested with regards to high risk areas. Findings: It has been found that, with regards to the type and severity of the failure during request and transfer process, the treatment could be delayed and the loss of time and workforce could be observed whereas with regards to the type and severity of the failure during transfusion process, the death of patients may occur. As a result of the application of FMEA in the process of blood and blood components request, preparation, transfer and transfusion, it has been found that with the amendments implemented according to the potential failure types where risk priority number has been calculated above 100, the risk priority number has been reduced by 41.8% from 2978 to 1732. Conclusion: In this study, the nature and scope of FMEA has been explained in detail and extensive information has been provided about a pilot study in order to assist practitioners who will carry out a similar application in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the indicators and factors affecting IT risk management success of state universities in Ankara were investigated. In this research, qualitative research method was used. A semi-structured interview technique was used to collect qualitative data of the study. The participants were seven computer center administrators working in state universities in Ankara. Data obtained from this study were analyzed by using descriptive analyses techniques. After analyzing the data, the indicators effecting IT risk management success were determined and classified under institutional, human, environmental and technological factors. Results were compared with findings of previous studies and recommendations were presented to researchers and practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetes is one of the disease that was the earliest identified in the past. Some of the symptoms related with diabetes and possible treatment for diabetes was found in the Ebers Papyrus in B.C 1500s. Diabetes is a kind of disease that its prevelance has increased dramatically from the past to the present and that has many complications. Among the complications caused by diabetes, diabetic foot is the most common one and the frequent of diabetic foot also increases in parallel with increasing diabetes prevelance. Diabetic foot is one of the main reasons of the morbidity in patients. The purpose of this article is to describe how the nurses are able to use PDCA cycle in the risk management of foot care for diabetic patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Legal regulations and other external inspection tools are insufficient for the extraordinary conditions caused by disasters. Ethics takes on a much more important role in the attainment of effectiveness in disaster management. However, the preservation of ethical principles used in daily life during times of extraordinary circumstances is difficult. In addition, extraordinary conditions caused by disasters bring with them many ethical problems and dilemmas thereby having negative effects on the effectiveness of disaster management. Ethical principles specifically for times of disaster have started to be discussed much more frequently in recent years and important international institutions have started studies on this issue. The objective of the study is to evaluate the basic ethical principles and dilemmas as separate topics under an integrated disaster management and to attract attention to ethics as an internal inspection tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As is known, in recent years, financial public relations is becoming increasingly important. One of the reasons for the increase of the number of risks that threaten organizations today. In this context, financial public relations process has become important in terms of risk management. In particular the process of risk communication should be managed carefully by the financial public relations professionals. In this article, the financial public relations to use in the process important of the risk communication are discussed, in the context of the global financial / economic crisis. For this purpose, before the recent financial / economic crisis was briefly explained, and then financial public relations, and functions were explained. İn addition, ın this study, the concepts of risk, risk management and risk communication were mentioned. The last section of the article focuses on the use of financial public relations in the process of risk communication. In this section is referred to the importance of media and social media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As long as financial markets exist risk component is also going to exist in the system. What is important for firms and investors acting in financial markets is foreseeing the probable risks and to act in new positions in parallel with these foresights, besides minimizing the risks. In this paper, recently --relating to risk management- most preferred VaR value analysis methods have been examined, and VaRs have been measured in hypotetical portfolios developed by variance -- covariance method. Since it has become into effect, pension mutual funds in private pension system developing and emerging in Turkey are one of the factors that transmit long term investments to capital markets. In economical researchs, it is found that revenue backed public borrowing tools correspond to low-risk funds of pension mutual funds. The results achieved from the calculations made in this paper are in parallel with those economic interpretations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, international financial standards affected the world have been attracted all attentions on auditing activities. These scandals revealed the need of an effective mechanism about risk management. This situation came up with a discussion of internal control models that provide accurate perpetration of internal auditing, and which one of those models were more efficient. The aim of this study is to examine COSO ERM (Committe of Sponsoring Organizations- Enterprise Risk Management) which combines internal control with risk management and ISO 31000 among the internal control models. In the first section of the article, ISO 31000 standards have been introduced, and comparison of COSO ERM approach and ISO 31000 standards have been evaluated. The final section have some critics against COSO ERM and ISO 31000. Additionally, the differences between those approaches have been investigated in the same section. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study firstly, the relationship between risk and risk management was investigated by examining concepts such as probability, ambiguity and decision making. The development of risk management in the USA in the 1950s aimed the protection of people and goods with minimum loss. Such management techniques intended to minimize losses with lowest cost while protecting an organization's profit making power by planning, organization, management and control of necessary resources and activities. Afterwards the processes of risk management such as identification, evaluation and assessment of the risk, alternative risk correction devices, selected alternatives, evaluation and control were examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study is to identify the importance of sustainability in civil aviation management and to search the practice of sustainability at the airports in Turkey. Methodology includes both face to face interviews and application of questionnaire at the airports in Turkey. The questionnaire has been developed basing on the Transportation Research Board of the National Academies'(TRB) Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) dated 2008. Also benchmarking of Turkey's airports with other airports in the world is also accomplished with this study. Consequently, various applications and suggestions related to the sustainable airport management have been offered during the course of this research. Current practice at fifty airports in Turkey is assessed mainly in the view of sustainability criteria. The study which has been supported by the literature developed new risk management operation plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Credit risk is one of the most important risks for financial institutions whose principal function is gathering of savings and financing people and firms who need funds through loans. Therefore, special financial institutions which are based on the profit and loss participation system and do interest free banking exposure to credit risk too. In this article, results of a survey for evaluating credit risk management in special financial institutions were presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]