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Kimyadaki gelismeler, Birinci Dunya Savasi’nda zehirli gazlarin kullanilmasina olanak saglamis, ancak 1925 yilinda Cenevre’de imzalanan protokol bile bunlarin kullanimini durduramamistir. Bunun uzerine cesitli ulkelerde gerek halki bilinclendirmek gerekse de olasi bir savas durumunda korunmayi saglamak icin kurslar, egitimler duzenlenmeye baslanmistir. Genc Turkiye Cumhuriyeti de bu ulkelerden biridir. Cumhuriyet yonetimi, yaklasmakta olan Ikinci Dunya Savasi’na giden yolu dikkatle izlemis ve kendi icinde gerekli onlemleri almistir. Oncelikli olarak, konferanslar duzelenmis, orta ve lise okullarinin mufredatlarina zehirli gazlardan korunmaya yonelik dersler konulmustur. Bu cercevede, doktor, eczaci, ogretmen, kimyager gibi belirli meslek mensuplarinin zehirli gazlar hakkinda ozel kurslarda egitilerek bunlarin yoneticilere, memurlara, itfaiyecilere ve genel halk icin acilan kurslarda ders vermeleri saglanmistir. Bu makalede, Avrupa’da zehirli gazin kullanimi hakkinda bilgi verildikten sonra, birinci ve ikinci dunya savaslari arasindaki donemde Turkiye’de zehirli gazlar uzerine duzenlenen yasa ve talimatnameler ele alinacaktir. Ardindan zehirli gazlar konusunda yapilan sosyal duzenlemeler ve zehirli gazdan korunma kurslari incelenecektir.

Bonsai is a synthetic cannabinoid derivative which has hallucinogen effects and obtained by illegal means. Its toxic effects on the body are fully unknown. Its effects vary between individuals that range from simple complaints; such as headache, nausea and palpitations to severe problems; such as convulsions, cardiac dysrhythmias, intracranial hemorrhage and coma. We report a male presenting with cardiac arrest and death following bonsai herbal smoking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: We aimed to evaluate 39 patients with CO poisoning followed-up in terms of clinical and laboratory findings. The study focused on examining the relationship between clinical status, carboxyhemoglobin and lactate level as well as determining the existence of myocardial ischemia. METHODS: Thirty nine cases between 1.5 months- 17 years old were enrolled prospectively. Demographics, source of carbon monoxide, time of admission, complaints, history of syncope, previous oxygen treatments, clinical findings and blood gas analysis were recorded. To evaluate myocardial ischemia electrocardiogram, creatine kinase myocardial band and troponin-I levels were measured. Echocardiogram was applied to cases with elevated myocardial enzymes. The relationship between neurological symptoms and cardiac damage with carboxyhemoglobin and lactate levels were evaluated. RESULTS: There was a positive correlation between carboxyhemoglobin and lactate levels of cases who had not taken oxygen before admission (r=0.621, p) CONCLUSION: Elevated lactate level is correlated with neurological symptoms and should be consider in carbon monoxide poisoning. While carboxyhemoglobin level is an important factor to diagnose and follow-up the measurement of carboxyhemoglobin levels alone may be insufficient to rule out the diagnosis. There should be studies with larger group of patients regarding the need of routine myocardial enzymes evaluation in cases that do not have clinical and electrocardiographic findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]