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The importance given to transportation investments all over the world is increasing day by day. Therefore, effective planning plays an important role in both new transportation investments and improvement of the existing transportation system. In transportation planning, one of the main goals for sustainable urbanization and sustainable mobility is to provide a transportation system that gives priority to pedestrian and public transportation. In this context, in many developed and developing countries, especially pedestrian safety is prioritized and practices and studies are developed. Accordingly, the use of environment- and pedestrian-friendly transportation systems is being expanded. Pedestrian characteristics and behaviors should be examined first in order to develop practices and policies that encourage pedestrian travel. In this study, socio-economic and demographic characteristics that affect other-purpose (socializing, entertainment, shopping, banking, sports, etc.) pedestrian travel behaviors are investigated. In this context, characteristics of 50 neighborhoods and approximately 21000 household surveys were used. With the help of Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Ridge Regression (RR) and Liu Regression methods, models explaining the changes in the frequency of pedestrian travel for other purposes were produced. Three methods were evaluated in terms of Mean Squares of Error (HKO), Akaike Infırmation Criteria (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC). All three criterias showed that the RR produced more successful model. According to HKO, the RR and Liu models were found to be approximately 35% and 27% more successful than the MLR model, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As in around the world, traffic accidents may cause serious injuries and loss of life in Turkey, too. Administrators and researchers conduct researches to prevent the negative consequences of traffic accidents. Intersections are one of the places where accidents are frequently seen at urban roads. Due to decreasing traffic volume at late hours, traffic signal systems are disabled to reduce waiting times. In these cases, a flashing intermittent transition system is applied for warning purposes. Quality of visibility decreases at late hours and in foggy or rainy weathers. A laser system proposal has been developed which aims to prevent possible accidents by warning drivers and pedestrians. The system will scan the area when the intermittent system is active and warn the vehicle drivers with a laser system in case of a possible pedestrian. Thanks to the laser system, the visibility of pedestrians will be increased, so that accidents that may occur due to carelessness and vision problems can be prevented. As a result of study, a theoretical design infrastructure has been established, which is predicted to be applicable for the proposed system. Thus, all the necessary steps to pass into the implementation phase have been clearly demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, micromobility was evaluated in terms of legal and administrative aspects within the scope of Turkey sample. Study, develop suggestions on regulations which can be made in context of micromobility in Turkey. Due to COVID-19 Pandemic, increase in the use of private vehicles in urban transportation led to serious problems. In the examinations made within the scope of the study, the rate of private vehicle found in 15 of the 20 countries, and the use of pedestrians found in 17 of them. Increase in the use of public transport in only 8 countries also need to be emphasized. Considering the fact that the subject has been brought to the agenda and studied at every scale in terms of plan hierarchy is considered as an important step, it can be mentioned that there is an administrative level of 80% in Turkey in terms of micromobility. When vehicles are grouped in terms of micromobility, bicycles, scooters and other types (unicycle, skateboard, etc.), it is seen that the legal and administrative framework is at a level of 66%. The existence of electric scooter operation in 24.7% of the cities in Turkey shows us that there are positive developments in current situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessibility is to have the opportunity to access the physical, socio-cultural and economic environment, to benefit from the services there and to contribute to these, in a way that individual differences do not obstacles. It is important that the service and space accessed are at sufficient level and variety. Accessibility is concept that can be measured by spatial, temporal and personal characteristics. Since the access of orthopedic disabled to urban services is restricted due to the obstacles in the built environment, the aim of the study is to determine the effects of the urban space, functions and transportation facilities on their access to the Central Busines District (CBD) in Ortahisar. Two methods were used in the research: semi-structured interviews and spatial analysis. Studies were carried out on three topics: vehicle access, pedestrian access and circulation, urban services. Conclusion of the research, various problems were determined in Ortahisar for the orthopedic disabled in pedestrian and vehicle access to the CBD. The most important of these is the inadequacy of urban services for the orthopedic disabled, the unsuitability of public transportation facilities, parking lot and pedestrian road arrangements. Furthermore, the perspective towards orthopedic disabled prevents them from participating in social life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The "Paleolithic Age Survey of the Province of Burdur" was started in 2021, considering the possible potential of Burdur due to its location and geography, and the fact that Burdur had not been adequately explored in terms of the Paleolithic Age before. In the 2021 season, extensive pedestrian survey method was applied in the field studies carried out in Bucak and Kemer districts. Our team has scanned the land by walking at 5 meter intervals in suitable areas. The chipped stone findings obtained in the study mostly show features belonging to the Lower and Middle Paleolithic periods. However, there are few findings pointing to the later periods of the Paleolithic Age. Research conducted in Bucak and Kemer has not yielded characteristic findings that will allow to make clear periodic distinctions. We believe that further studies will yield clearer results with new findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pedestrian traffic has less priority than vehicle traffic in Turkey’s transportation system. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in understanding pedestrians’ behavior. This paper investigates high school students’ (15-18 age range) gap acceptance behavior at unsignalized midblock crossings by designing a before and after study. The midblock crossing is conventional in the first situation. But after, the midblock crossing is raised. This paper aims to find the effect of raised midblock crossing on pedestrians’ acceptable gap behavior. In this study, a midblock crossing near a high school in Izmir City was chosen. Data was gathered by using two video cameras in the morning (7.00-8.00 AM). The obtained data were extracted from the footage. The data were analyzed by performing two-way and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The legal crossing rate of the students increased with the installation of the raised midblock crossing. Also, average vehicle speed and 85th percentile speed determined for both situations. Thus, the number of acceptable gaps increased as well as the waiting time decreased significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the industries grow and develop, people are starting to move from rural to city. Due to this, cities also grew significantly and caused the developments of labor cities. When this happened, laborers started living in a concrete pile, and started to ask for a relaxing and a safe environment in the city but away from the traffic jam. In order to be able to create a liveable environment, firstly some social and economic conditions must be provided, such as; safety, comfort, publicity and heritability. That is why pedestrianization has been started in the residential areas and downtowns. The first samples can be seen in Europe during the 1940s, North America during the 1960s and we can see the first tries of this system in our country in 1978 in Ankara. With Holland's and West Germany's lead, other developed countries like France, USA, England, Switzerland, Australia, and Italy started using this system in their streets. The only reason for this system is to protect the historical city shapes, after a day long engine traffic, and even the businesses are closed, people will still be able to have a place to walk at night in peace. Even though Cambridge dictionary defines pedestrianization as "turning the place to somewhere that cars cannot enter", places cannot be pedestrianized by purifying it. Although complete pedestrianization is not possible in the real world, public transportation is crossed with adequate and effective growth of pedestrian infrastructure and nonengine infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study setting covers Kafeler Streets, being in a center of entertainment in Isparta. In the grid-shaped area, structurally comprised of streets, the shops are placed opposite and next to each other. Space Syntax, a collection of techniques for understanding, describing and predicting the perception of cities' spatial formation and pedestrian movements, was used. It focuses on the unifying effect of the grid structure of the area where it is located. The impact of grid city forms on integration and pedestrian movements is an important question. The effect of the urban grid on user mobility was studied by analyzing the space sequence of the area and performing pedestrian counts on each street. When other factors are homogenized, the spatial formation determines the user movements. In this method, where facts such as space and urban topography are decisive, the movement patterns in the environment are referred. Thus, questioning the impact of the urban grid on pedestrian mobility and determining what these effects are forms the purpose of the study. The study showed that urban grid parameters such as street width, functions of them and buildings' height affect pedestrian mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurate understanding of the crossing behavior of pedestrians at road sections and signalzed intersections is an important issue of transportation planning. In this study, the parameters affecting the pedestrian walking speed are tried to be analyzed in order to investigate the transition behavior of pedestrians in the city center. Surveyed section was divided into four sections and a total of 3632 pedestrians were observed in the city center of Isparta, on a main street. The relationship between the pedestrian volume and the velocity of pedestrian in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th sections were determined. Pedestrians who used crossing or not used were investigated separetely at selected intersection. The significance levels of the factors affecting pedestrian velocity were determined by ANOVA test. As a result of the analysis, the average transition velocities for elderly, adult and child pedestrians are 0.77 m/s, 0.90 m/s and 0.78; and 0.87 m/s, 0.95 m/s and 0.90 m/s respectively. It is considered that there is not enough crosswalk width for safe pedestrian crossing at the intersection where pedestrians are experiencing intense crossing or rule violation. It is expected that the results of the study will be useful for the practitioners in signalized intersections and road sections to be able to understand the pedestrian behavior and to arrange the pedestrian crossing facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed at determining to what extent the sidewalks in the twenty neighborhoods of the Sişli district in Istanbul were suitable for the use of disabled people using wheelchairs. All the sidewalks in the study area were examined in detail in the study area covering approximately 7.8km2. Among the characteristics of the sidewalks examined in the study are the width and height of the sidewalks, the number, location, and types of the objects occupy the sidewalks, whether or not the objects obstruct the walking of people using wheelchairs, the location of the broken surfaces and ramps on the sidewalks. All the data collected in the field were first recorded on paper maps and then transferred into a GIS environment for analysis. Three thousand and eighteen pavement segments were recorded in the study with the total length of 251 km. The study revealed that the majority of the sidewalks in the study area is mostly narrow, irregular, and often occupied by different objects such as tree, motor vehicle, electricity pole, and stands; therefore, is not appropriate for the use of disabled pedestrians with wheelchairs. In order to be able to overcome this negative situation caused by rapid population growth and unplanned urbanization, there is a need for some adjustments on the pavements in the short and medium terms, and radical urban transformation projects to be realized in the long run. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to define demographic and clinical characteristics of forensic cases in the 0-18 years age group who were presented to emergency department. Forensic reports of all cases in 0-18 years age group who were presented to GATA Emergency Department in the year of 2008 were reviewed. Cases were classified for both demographic characteristics such as age, gender, reason for admittance, time of admittance and clinical characteristics such as physical examination findings, presence of a life-threatening condition, performed procedures and outcomes. The ratio of cases in the 0-18 age group (n=114) to all cases (n=615) was 18%. Road traffic accident (RTA) was the most frequent cause where pedestrians were injured in 77% (n=37) and passengers were injured in 33% (n=22). RTAs were followed by intoxication/suicides (22%, n=25), assault and battery (11%, n=13), fall from height (6%, n=7), and burns (4%, n=5). A life threatening condition was present in 8 cases (7%). Seventeen cases (15%) required hospital admittance. Head and neck region was the most commonly injured site (28%, n=32). Demographic and clinical characteristics of forensic cases in 0-18 years group were quite similar to adult population; however children were more susceptible to pedestrian injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, effects of vehicle types and kind of the accidents, to the results of the traffic accidents on highways, were analyzed. For this purpose, the reports of a total 783 traffic accidents that took place on highway D100/11 between 2000 and 2004. For each one accident vehicle types, kind of accident and the number of dead and injured were determined. The collected data was formed in a table and using SPSS program, multi lineer regression, correlation and varience analysis were done. Depending on the vehicle types, prediction modals were formed for prediction of the number of accidents, the number of dead and the number of injured. It was discovered that in terms of correlation between the vehicle types and the deadly accidents, with 0,49 correlation value pickup trucks are at the first place, with 0,43 correlation value lorries are at the second place and with 0,21 correlation value buses are at the last place. In terms of correlation between the vehicle types and accidents with injured people, while with 0,90 and 0,82 correlation cars and pickup trucks take the first and the second places associatively, with 0,23 bicycles take the last place. In terms of causing accidents, while with 0,97 and 0,77 correlation cars and pickups take the first and the second places associatively and again with 0,23 bicycles take the last place. In terms of correlation between how accidents happen and the vehicle types, it was discovered that the correlation between cars and the collision type of accidents is 0,867, and the correlation between the lorries and turn over kind of accidents is 0,59. It has also been discovered in terms of accidents causing dead or injured, with 0,915 and 0,743 correlation, collision type of accident and collision with stable objects take the first and second places, and with 0,244 correlation, collision with a pedestrian takes the last place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]