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In this article, the elements that are commonly analyzed as noun + auxiliary verb, called compound verbs in our linguistic literature, are discussed. The subject in question has generally been examined in the same way, except for a few studies. According to the current understanding, verbs such as etmek, kılmak, olmak serve as auxiliary elements in these formations and verbize the noun in front of them. The issue of compound verbs appears before us as an issue with problematic and contradictory aspects when considered in terms of the suffixation order of the Turkish language. When the compound verb formations, whose analysis is made in the form of noun + auxiliary verb, are considered according to the aggregation culture that dominates the Turkish language, it is understood that the result does not allow such an analysis. In word-by-word contrast, it is the oldest and well-established rule of the Turkish language that, except for examples of borrowing, the auxiliary element is always pronounced first and the main element is pronounced later. Accordingly, in an organization such as yardım etmek, the word yardım is the auxiliary element and etmek is the main element. The equivalent of this order in the Turkish language is not a compound verb, but a phrase whose complement is a noun and its complement is a verb [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the features of Arabic grammar that must be taken into account in Qur'anic interpretation is related to the purpose for which third person singular pronouns are used. The general opinion is that these pronouns should in all cases be preceded by a noun that is compatible with it in number and gender. However, it is overlooked here that third person singular pronouns are also used as "demonstrative pronouns" in the Qur'an. A similar problem exists in the interpretation of the two "هو" pronouns used in the expression "ِ وَإنِْ مِن أهَْل ٱلْكِتَابِ إ ليَؤُمْنَِن بِه قبَْلَ موَتْهِ "mentioned in the verse (Nisā 4/159). In this study, using qualitative research method, examples of the interpretation of the verse (Nisā 4/159) in tafsir and Turkish Qur'an translations were analysed. The general tendency in the commentaries and translations is that the first pronoun here should be interpreted as the personal pronoun of ʿĪsā and the second pronoun should be interpreted as the personal pronoun of each member of the People of the Book or ʿĪsā. In this context, the relevant part of the verse is usually interpreted as follows: "There is no one from among the People of the Book who will not believe in him (ʿĪsā) before his death." (Nisā 4/159) In the analysis, it was concluded that the interpretation of the first, third-person singular pronoun in the verse Nisā 4/159 as a demonstrative pronoun referring to the belief that 'ʿĪsā was killed by crucifixion' and the second pronoun as a personal pronoun referring to each of the Jews is the most compatible with the context of the verse. Accordingly, the verse does not foretell that the members of the People of the People of the Book will believe in the Prophet ʿĪsā immediately before their deaths, but that they will persistently maintain the belief that the Prophet ʿĪsā was crucified and killed until their deaths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the important subjects of morphology is adverbs. Adverbs are noun-derived words that precede verbs, adjectives, adjectival verbs or adverbs and complement them in terms of time, space, direction, quality, quantity, scarcity-multiplicity and question. The aim of the study is to analyze Zazaki adverbs, explain their properties and make them concrete with examples. In the study, adverbs used in Zazaki are classified according to their origins, structures and functions. Each section has its own sub-headings and many illustrative examples are given in each section and these examples are also explained. In the grammar books written on Zazaki, a lot of information about adverbs in Zazaki is given and a master's thesis on adverbs in Zazaki was prepared independently. However, it is not possible to say that these studies are sufficient. As a branch of science, linguistics is cumulative and progressive. Previous studies were evaluated and the deficiencies in these studies were tried to be eliminated. In addition to the works written on Zazaki grammar, linguistic works written in Persian, Arabic, Turkish, Sorani and Kurmanji were also utilized. Considering the classifications made on adverbs in these languages, adverbs have been tried to be explained. In this respect, this study is an original and important work. In the study, more than 165 sentences were given as examples and the adverbs in these sentences were analyzed. Adverbs are elements used in sentences with various functions. According to their usage areas, words with nouns can also be used as adverbs. Examples of these words are also given in the study. Adverbs are also a part of syntax, but this study does not focus on the syntax features of adverbs. Methods and techniques such as explanation, exemplification and interpretation were used in the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Meaning-Text theory, the lexical function Gener is part of an encoding system to formalise the lexical relations of a language. Specifically, Gener outlines a paradigmatic lexical relation that provides as values terms corresponding to generic concepts for the keyword to which it is applied. Thus, asiento ‘seat’ is a generic term for silla ‘chair’, sofá ‘sofa’ or taburete ‘stool’, and sentimiento ‘feeling’ for tristeza ‘sadness’, alegría ‘joy’ or dolor ‘pain’. However, despite the great versatility of this lexical function as a theoretical and practical tool, its definition raises some questions: 1) Are the values of Gener as asiento ‘seat’ hyperonymous terms? If so, how can we verify it? 2) Is Gener a strictly paradigmatic lexical relation, in the light of expressions such as sentimento de alegría ‘feeling of joy’, in which the keyword is combined with its value? If not, how should Gener be classified, as a mixed lexical relation or as two different lexical relations? The study will delve into the theoretical nature of Gener in order to provide an answer to the questions raised, and to establish its similarities and differences with other generic concepts that have emerged on the contemporary linguistic scene, light nouns and shell nouns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Deixis is the thing referred to by linguistic units outside the text or the discourse. The act of demonstrating or indicating the elements of a state through gestures or linguistic units is called deixis. Deictic is the name given to linguistic elements such as pronouns, demonstrative nouns and adverbs, which refer to the personal, spatial or temporal aspects of a speech act and which are, therefore, all directly related to the context surrounding its act of communication. Since the references of the deicitc expressions can only be identified within the context of actual communication, the subject is considered as a part of the pragmatics. This study aims to analyse the demonstrative nouns used in the Qur’anic verses within the context of deixis and types of deixis, which are research areas of pragmatics, and to identify the types of deixis used in the Qur’an. This study also aims to provide insight into how to present the references of demonstrative nouns, especially in Qur’anic translations, to be understood correctly by the readers. This is because the translations of the Qur’an are presented in written form, and the references of the deictic units are not expressed clearly in some of them. In this case, it is assumed that the reader might have difficulty understanding the meanings of the deictic such as “this, to this, these”. This study, firstly by studying deixis and its types from the modern linguistics and pragmatics resources, aims to form a conceptual framework. After the first chapter, upon which the main problem of the study will be built, is completed, the demonstrative nouns are analysed in terms of their structural and referential aspects within balāg̲h̲a and tafsīr sources, classical Arabic language nahw sources being in the first place. After the obtained data is analysed, their references are determined by associating the demonstrative nouns in Qur’anic verses with types of deixis, anaphora and cataphora. In this direction, firstly, the demonstrative nouns in the Qur’an will be identified, and the type of deixis will be explained by providing one example for each one of the demonstrative nouns in terms of their referential variety. For this purpose, this study highlights the demonstrative nouns which cannot be directly understood but only can be identified by checking the context. That is, the demonstrative nouns that take adjectives or are adjectives themselves will not be included in the scope. The references to these nouns existing in the verses will be specifically analysed within the classical tafsīr works. This study is significant as it reveals the references of demonstrative nouns by analysing the types of deixis in order to understand the Qur’an more accurately. Though there are various studies regarding demonstrative nouns, there are no studies found analysing the references of these nouns according to their types of deixis. With this study, it is understood that classical tafsīrs mention the deixis, types of deixis, and the references anaphora and cataphora for demonstrative nouns. As the demonstrative nouns, which are deictic elements, are used to point to all types of living and non-living creatures, they are considered indefinite things. It is understood that for the other interpreters, the vagueness can only be eliminated by considering pragmatic factors such as the speaker, listener and the context of communication. Twenty types of demonstrative nouns were used for a total of 1047 times in 89 different surahs. These demonstrative nouns are as following: “ ،هاتين ،هذان ،هذا ،ذا demonstrative that fact The .”هؤلاء، ذلك، ذانك، ذلكما، ذلكم، تلك، ذلكن، هذه، أولئك، أولئكم، أولاء، كذلك، كذلكم، هاهنا هنالك، ثم nouns are used so often in the Qur’an prove that these nouns are quite important in understanding the Qur’an. This study addresses the verses with demonstrative nouns in terms of types of deixis as part of pragmatics by referring to classical tafsīr and linguistic sources. It has been determined that demonstrative nouns in the Qur’an make personal, spatial or temporal references, discourse deixis, anaphora and cataphora, however, they do not perform as social deixis. It has been concluded that identifying the references of demonstrative nouns is quite important in understanding and interpreting the Qur’an correctly. It is also understood that the methods to determine the references of demonstrative nouns by the sources used in the study have pragmatic characteristics. It is observed that the references of the demonstrative nouns are not presented in certain Qur’an translations. In this context, it has been concluded that stating the references of these nouns in written form for the translation of the Qur’an into different languages is vital for these references to be understood correctly. It has also been concluded that it is a requirement in terms of pragmatics to consider the references of the deictic elements mentioned, especially in the primary source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Language Academy is the property of Rota Kariyer and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study is to designate the functional use of case suffix +lA in dialects of Giresun and its region and the role of each function in the syntax. In the functional approach, the case is determined not according to the suffixes the noun takes, but according to the tasks which it is assigned in the sentence. The +lA case suffix examples used in our study were determined by scanning the work called Giresun İli ve Yöresi Ağızları prepared by Demir and Aydoğdu (2009). All the examples in which the detected +lA suffix is used have been evaluated by Daşdemir (2015) on the basis of the case categories created according to the functions and tasks in the syntax in accordance with the functional approach. As a result of the study, the outcome that the case suffix +lA is used in 7 different functions was reached. According to the frequency of usage, these functions are as follows: the instrumental case, commutative case, qualitative case, reciprocal case, genitive case, causative case and locative of time case. The tasks they undertake in these functions are determined as case adverb, instrumental object, reciprocity object, commutative object, genitive object, case object, cause object, time object and designation/qualifying adjective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pronouns are words that replace nouns, represent them by person, sign or question, and can be used like nouns. It is known that personal pronouns, which are used as substitutes for the names of persons, are not as suitable for word formation by taking derivationality as nouns, and these pronouns are evaluated in traditional grammar books in two groups: I, you, he (singular); we, you, they (plural). It is also explained by researchers that possessive morphemes, which are known to occur after the plurality morpheme and before case morphemes, form some structures that change the general morpheme order of Turkish (root + derivational suffix + inflectional suffix). In this study, it is aimed to examine the structures in which possessive morphemes, which differ from the general order, appear before the +{lI4K} morpheme, which is one of the busiest derivational morphemes of Turkish and is included under the heading of morphemes deriving names from nouns; the function of this morpheme +(A) göre (according to) in its use with personal nouns and the pronoun/noun (+possesive) + {lI4K} structure that comes to some species names and proper names with the same function. The examples in the written language were determined using the Turkish National Corpus (TUD), the Turkish Lexicography Corpus (TSD) and e-books. The sentences in which the constructions derived with this morpheme, which function +(A) göre (according to) and are used as determiners, are included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gazi University Journal of Gazi Educational Faculty (GUJGEF) is the property of Gazi University Journal of Gazi Educational Faculty (GUJGEF) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkbilig/Turkoloji Arastirmalari Dergisi is the property of Turkbilig/Turkoloji Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Social Sciences Research / Sosyal Bilimler Arastirmalari Dergisi is the property of ODU Journal of Social Sciences Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Marmara University Journal of Turkology / Marmara Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Marmara University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In recent years, the concepts of summary, summarization, summary creation, summary writing strategies have come to the fore, play an important role in persuading the readers to read the entire text and are considered as a genre in its own right. When the literature is examined, it is seen that there are fewer studies in terms of highlighting the claims of the authors about these types of texts and presenting the information in a consistent manner. In this context, metadiscursive nouns have an active role in revealing the rhetorical functions of nouns and matching them with the metadiscourse model. In this qualitatively structured study, receiver-oriented interactional functions of metadiscursive nouns used in abstract texts of research articles written in the field of linguistics are discussed. In this context, the summary texts of 56 Turkish research articles from 432 research articles published in linguistics research journals were examined. The result of the study shows that the most frequently used metadiscursive noun category is text nouns, the most frequently used lexical-grammatical pattern is "noun+NOUN(s)I" structure, and these nouns are frequently used in Turkish research article summaries to manage author arguments in a consistent manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Modern linguistics theories consider the verb as the determining element of constructing sentence. Accordingly, every verb generates a certain sentence construction which lies in lexical entry it has. Every verb has a certain government frame. In other words, every verb has a certain sentence construction frame. This frame shows that with which arguments this verb would construct a sentence, minimum and maximum necessary units/elements in the sentence to be constructed with that verb. These frames may contain various generalizations. For instance, ditransitive verbs such as al- need a subject, an indirect object marked nominative and attributed semantic roles such as THEME, TOPIC, RECIPIENT. The government frames of such verbs are general and universal, and it is natural that similar arguments may occur in certain government frames. In this study, apart from this theory, we will dwell on what kind of effect suffixes that make verbs from nouns have on the formation of lexical entry. It is evident that in the formation of lexical entry, by extension its government frame, logical and semantic components required by the verb are determinant. But if certain suffixes derive verbs having the same government frame by being added to certain kinds of word, is it possible to think that the potential of forming aforementioned structure belongs to the suffix as well? We will try to answer this question by examining verbs taking +(X)k- derivational suffix that makes verbs from nouns in the historical periods of Turkish (adak-, birik-, çavık-, içik-, kėçik-, muñuk- etc.) and Modern Turkish (birik-, gözük-, gecik- etc.). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sentence structure is a basic and general concept for syntax studies. Many topics such as word categories such as nouns and adjectives, sentence elements such as subject and predicate, phrases, their functions, sentence types fall into the concept of 'sentence structure'. Every structure that can be divided into parts, which has different parts, where the parts are combined in a certain order, and where each part has a certain function, is a subject of 'sentence structure analysis'. In syntax theory, these parts are called constituents. In a sentence, each of the constituent is embedded in another constituent. So there is a constituent hierarchy. In other words, it is called hierarchical structure when constituents contain other constituents. The biggest constituent in the hierarchical structure is the sentence. This study aims to analyze the hierarchical constructive structure in line with syntax theory. The topic is limited to establishing constituents, constituent tests, and tree diagram representation of constituents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Uyghurs, who had to migrate to different regions after the collapse of the Uyghur Khaganate of Ötüken established in Ötüken, established the Turfan Uyghur State in Koço, Beş Balık and Turfan regions. With a peaceful policy, the Uyghurs living in this region became the most advanced Turkish society of that period in the fields of agriculture, trade, literature, education, law, etc. and left many documents called "civil documents" in the literature. Among these documents, the Old Uyghur Law Documents are important documents that reflect the cultural characteristics of that period and serve as a source for the study of the Old Turkic language. Especially due to the adoption of new religions, trade relations and migrations, there are many concepts in Old Uyghur Turkic that were created and signed by applying the morphological method, the syntactic method or the borrowing method to sign new terms. Considering that the signification of term formed by syntactic method is less considered in many studies, this study examines the situation of compound verbs formed with noun + (auxiliary) verb, which is one of the meaningful language elements, in the Old Uyghur Law Documents written in Old Uyghur Turkic. In the study, document analysis method is applied and compound verbs formed with noun + (auxiliary) verb are presented to the attention with examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Language & Literature Studies is the property of Turkiye Dil ve Edebiyat Dernegi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Journal of Language Academy is the property of Rota Kariyer and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In every language, there are some prepositions that connect an event to another reason. In order to obtain this structure in Arabic, many prepositions with a conditional meaning are used. Some of the prepositions used in such sentence structures, in which the conditional and the conditional result are expressed after it, are evaluated in the letter category and some in the noun category. Another distinction that can be made for conditional prepositions is that some of the prepositions are used to express the past tense and some to express the future tense. Because most of the prepositions with the meaning of condition are used to express the future condition in terms of function, while some of them describe situations that did not occur in the past. In this article, the preposition لَ وْ and a different version of it, لَ ولَْ, which states the past among the conditional prepositions and differs from the conditional prepositions because it is related to the past, are handled using the document analysis method, and the findings are systematically analyzed and converted into data. The place of the prepositions in Arabic grammar, their usage, the similar and different aspects between these two prepositions are discussed, as well as the meanings of the prepositions such as supply, wish, tawbîh, tendîm, istifhâm apart from the conditional meaning. In this context, the semantic features of the prepositions are handled in a wide framework and the possible meanings that can be obtained with these prepositions are revealed in a holistic way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty is the property of Mehmet Akif Ersoy Universitesi Egitim Fakultesi Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Deriving and taking one of the two words that have a semantic relationship with each other is called as derivation (istiqâk). It is a fact that there is a semantic relationship between the original meanings of the roots from which the Arabic words are derivative and the words from the same root. In addition, there is no consensus among the linguists about whether there are derivative words in Arabic words. Some linguists state that all Arabic words are derivative whereas some suggest no words are derivative. Unlike these two extreme views, most of the linguists think that some Arabic words are derivative and some of them are rigid. While classical linguists suggest that derivation (istiqak) is special to the verb, the linguists of Kufe state that all derivative words are the masculine third person singular form of the simple past tense and the linguists of Basra state that that the origin of all words are infinitive. The prevailing view in contemporary linguists is that the origins of the derivative words in Arabic are not only past verbs or infinitives, but also concrete nouns such as place, tribe, and nouns that come from imitations of sounds that occur in nature. The derivations of the Arabic verb شَعَ ر "şe'ara" in Quran are discussed in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Serial verb constructions (SVC) were first identified in African languages. They are formed by the succession of two verbs without any conjunction or connection element similar to compound verbs. Scholars initially thought that SCVs were a kind of compound. Alas, we now know they differ in a number of key ways from compound verbs. In this study, we shall examine the relationship between SVC and compound verb sin Modern Turkish. Our main goal is to emphasize that one is a continuation of the other. We think that certain kinds of Turkish compound verbs (i.e. double, modal auxiliary, and semi-descriptive verbs alongside compound verbs formed using modal suffixes) may in fact be SVC. Particularly, the similarities between the descriptive verbs and the asymmetric SVC in how they get formed in the second verb gains the auxiliary verb feature by being grammatical - may add a different dimension to scholarly discussions on descriptive verbs. Examples from spoken Turkish that illustrate this include kaç git, kap gel, gel al, and al git. One quickly begins to notice how difficult it can get evaluate SVC examples within the framework of compounds. In addition, certain verb forms viewed as SVC compound nouns (e.g. kapkaç, kaçgöç, çekyat, gelgit) offer us important clues as to just how close compound verbs and SVCs are to one another. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Manzûme-i Ferâ'iz, is one of the mixed language works that incorporates the linguistic features of both Eastern Turkish and Western Turkish. The work is a poetic work put forward by Muhammed bin Abbas. In the work in which the concept of inheritance is thematically handled. This work, which opens a window to many different areas of life due to its rich cultural accumulation, is one of the most important features of the period. In the work in which the concept of inheritance is thematically handled. Arabic and Persian words are concentrated in terms of vocabulary. For this reason compound verbs formed by an Arabic noun and a Turkish verb are frequently encountered. While creating the study the work of Eyüp Sertaç Ayaz named Manzûme-i Ferâ'iz was taken as a basis. In the study the verbs in the work were determined by scanning method and evaluated numerically. Compound verbs determined are classified according to their structures and given with text numbers. In addition it has been revealed that the verbs in the work have different uses as syntax. As a result of the data obtained the numerical data and given with text numbers. In addition it has been revealed that the verbs in the work have different uses as syntax. As a result of the data obtained the numerical data and usage frequencies of the verbs in the work are given and as a result it is aimed to reach certain inferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a sentence, words are in dependency relations according to various hierarchical situations, and the grammar theory that tries to analyze these hierarchical relations is called dependency grammar. In the dependency grammar, the theory that expresses the management capacity of all kinds of words in a dependency relationship is met with the term valency. This theory, which was first explained by Tesnière as verb-based, has expanded its research field by revealing that other word types such as postpositions, nouns, adjectives, which are now in the governor position in the phrase structure, also have valency structure. The markers of these dependency relations within the sentence or phrase structure differ according to the languages. In some languages, markers at the word level undertake this task, while in some languages, it can manifest itself at the level of morphemes. In Turkish, these markers are marked with morphemes due to the structure of the language. These structures, which are a reflection of syntactic valency, are examined under the name of morpho-syntactic valency. Case suffixes, which are morpho-syntactic markers in Turkish, and their contribution to meaning have been the basis of the study. In Turkish, researchers suggest different numbers of case markers, but the five case markers (nominative, accusative, locative, dative, ablative) with which they are basically agreed formed the content of the research. This case markers' contributions to the semantic valency and the semantic roles they assume within the valency frameworks are examined according to the type of case markers. The semantic valency effects of case markers were evaluated through nouns that are complement to verbs and postpositions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of the Faculty of Theology / Kilis 7 Aralik Universitesi Ilahiyat Fakultesi Dergisi is the property of Kilis 7 Aralik Universitesi Ilahiyat Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of the Faculty of Theology / Kilis 7 Aralik Universitesi Ilahiyat Fakultesi Dergisi is the property of Kilis 7 Aralik Universitesi Ilahiyat Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tasavvur: Tekirdag Theology Journal / Tekirdag Ilahiyat Dergisi is the property of Namik Kemal University, Faculty of Theology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Journal of Islamic Civilization Studies / İslam Medeniyeti Araştırmaları Dergisi (IMAD) is the property of Islam Medeniyeti Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Islamic Civilization Studies / İslam Medeniyeti Araştırmaları Dergisi (IMAD) is the property of Islam Medeniyeti Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Journal of Language Academy is the property of Rota Kariyer and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

While conveying the messages to the addressee in the Qur’an, the statement always contain the most appropriate material and the intended meaning has been chosen. One of these subtleties is said the rewards and punishments for the hereafter in some verses with verb sentence; in some of them it is laid out in the form of a noun sentence. It is seen that these types of sentences also differ within themselves. The verbs of the verb sentence come in the form of past (al-mādī), present (al-mudāriʿ), and command and suffixed with “ /سَ ْف َ و س) “ prefix sa- / the particle sawfa) expressing the future. In Arabic, the past verb usually refers to the past tense, but sometimes it also includes the future meaning. This situation is seen in sentences with construction (insha) and demand, sentences with conditional prepositions and al-waʿd wa ’l-waʿīd (the promise and the threat ) expressions. In fact, the expression of the al-waʿd wa ’l-waʿīd with the past are meant to point to the certainty of the occurrence of an event that will take place in the future. If the context in the verses aims to convey to the addressee that the reward and punishment will be given, the verb past is used. Mudāriʿ verb is an action that refers to the present and future tense. Mudāriʿ, when used with an adverb that points to the future, or when prefix sa- or the particle sawfa ( /سَ ْف و س ( appear, denotes the future. Also, mudāriʿverbs that include condition, nasb prepositions, and al-waʿd wa’l-waʿīd contain the future tense meaning. In the verses, it is seen that this tense is used to express that renewing the reward and punishment and to make the addressee feel as if he/she is experiencing the event. The prefix sa- or the particle sawfa “ /سَ ْف َو س “ express the future tense as well as the reinforce (te’kîd) meaning. al-Waʿd wa’l-waʿīd indicates that the action will be certain. In the verses where rewards and punishments for the hereafter are mentioned if the appeal is directly in the form of al-waʿd wa ’l-waʿīd the verbs are used in the structure expressing the future with prefix sa- or the particle sawfa ( /سَ ْف و .( س Command is a request from the interlocutor to do something. According to rhetoric scholars, the command actually expresses a demand, but sometimes it is not used in this way. Contains meanings such as exaltation, humiliation, and command. In which sense it is used can be understood from the environment and situation in which the sentence is said. Explaining the rewards and punishments for the hereafter with the command, emphasizing the honor and hospitality in the reward and insulting and threatening in the punishment. It is also intended to make the address more vivid. The verb of the noun sentences consist of predicate as noun, “ism al-fāʿil” (agent), verb and sibh (phrase) sentence. In addition, some noun sentences come with te’kid prepositions. This diversity in sentences also affects the meaning. Statement, noun sentence and predicate are mentioned by name to show that reward and punishment are always constant because the noun contains constancy in meaning. If the purpose of the statement is to reveal the variability of the news, instead of the stability then the verb sentence or predicate is a verb. In terms of meaning, the “ism al-fāʿil” indicates the past, present and future, as well as the continuity of something in some cases. In the verses that include reward and punishment for the hereafter, ism-i fâil includes the meaning of stability, multiplicity and future. Since the situation of the addressee varies in the matter of the transmitted information, the necessity of using the preposition te’kîd in speech has increased. The most famous methods used in te’kid the word is through some letters and prepositions. If the addressee is not knowledgeable about the subject and does not hesitate, there is no need for te’kîd, but if he is hesitant about the information given, it would be better to strengthen it by using te'kîd. It is also seen that these rules are sometimes not used in speech. In rhetoric books, this situation is called “the word being against the outward situation”. Sometimes, a person who has no doubt about the news is evaluated as hesitant or as a denier are regarded. Even sometimes he is recognized as a believer. If there are denialist types in the manner of the verses, it is notable that the news is reported by using te’kîd prepositions; If the address is intended for all people, in other words, if it covers both deniers and believers, then both sides are accepted as believers and the preposition te’kîd is not used. In this study the following questions are answered: Why are rewards and punishments for the hereafter expressed by stressing with noun or verb sentences? What kind of effect do the different usages of the verb and noun sentence have on the meaning? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Both the semantic and structural quality of the subject, which is the prerequisite for the verb to take place, is naturally determined by the volition of the verb / predicate that assumes the constitutive role. The morphomorphic voice is also used in oruludag.edu.trder to enrich the qualities encoded in the genetics of the verb; in other words, the verb can enter the verb conjugation with the voice suffixes. Also, the verb conjugation suffixes such as negativity, tense, person, etc. will be effective in determining the volition of the verb. The verb, whose volition becomes clear, is now ready to take on the predicate task and gather the elements that serve itself, that is, to form a sentence or verb phrase. The task name of the language unit that makes, does, causes the verb or happens is the subject. The noun or pronoun that is given the task of being a subject connects the predicate through the subject case suffix. The important thing here is which qualified verb the subject will meet. Since the nature of the subject will determine the verb with which it will relate, revealing the double-headed relationship between the subject and the verb will become clear by answering some questions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mukaddime Journal is the property of Mukaddime Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of College of Languages is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this study, the recognitional uses (demonstrative uses based on a specific shared knowledge between the speaker and the hearer) of Japanese and Turkish demonstratives are comperatively examined for the first time. In the study, by shedding light on some similarities and differences between the distributional properties of a- series demonstratives in Japanese and şu and o in Turkish, it is mentioned how these demonstratives should be characterized within the system of demonstratives. In general, the following points are argued in the text: i) Turkish demonstratives şu and o are only used as noun modifiers while Japanese a- series demonstratives function as either noun modifiers or independent pronouns, ii) Japanese recognitional a- series demonstratives may be used to draw attention of the hearer to entity or subject or event which has already been introduced into the discourse and which is emphasized by the speaker, iii) the distribution of the demonstratives şu and o is sensitive to the concept of psychological proximity-distance, and the distribution of a- series demonstratives is sensitive to the concept of temporal distance, iv) the demonstrative şu encodes psychological proximity and o does psychological distance, v) in determining the distribution of the recognitional demonstratives in Turkish, the communicative purpose of the speaker also plays a major role as well as the presence of verbal bolsters denoting the speaker's personal opinion or attitude concerning the referent in the utterance, vi) the recognitional uses of Japanese and Turkish demonstratives are instance of the situational use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Religious Education Studies / Türkiye Din Eğitimi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Turkish Journal of Religious Education Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

There are many similarities between Armenian Kipchak, which is accepted as one of the representatives of basic Kipchak, and Karaim Turkish, one of its contemporary successors, in terms of language characteristics. One of these similarities has been observed in the dynamic modality category. As in other Kipchak dialects, the dynamic modality category in Karaim Turkish is expressed with the auxiliary verb "al-". The verb + {-mA} + bol-/ bol- + verb + {-mA} structure, which was first traced in Armenian Kipchak texts, is also seen in the Troki (Trakay) dialect of Karaim Turkish. In the examples of Armenian Kipchak, bol- coming after the main verb which takes --mA deverbal noun, completes the dynamic modality category with the tense / modal and person suffixes that it takes after itself. In the Troki (Trakay) dialect, the auxiliary verb "al-" also follows this structure and a mixed appearance is displayed. In other words, the verb + {-mA} + bol / bol- + verb + {-mA} structure in Armenian Kipchak has become the form verb + {-mA} + bol- + al- / bol- + al- + verb + {-mA} in the Troki (Trakay) dialect. This situation is important in terms of one of the features that support the organic relation between Armenian Kipchak and Karaim Turkish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"The Book of Dede Korkut" is one of our texts that conveys the life of the Oghuz Turks in Turkish language, thus being a source for the studies of different disciplines dealing with both language and cultural history. Accordingly, it is worthy to be examined in terms of including various clothing elements that are among material culture. These clothing names are used with various verbs; It is certain that verbs denoting action, happening and movement are used together with these nouns. The aim of this paper is to identify these verbs and to make an assessment of their usage. In the study, the verbs in the Book of Dede Korkut, describing in general terms "dressing" and "putting on a dress", are listed in alphabetical order by sample the sentences in the text, and information about the etymological development of the verbs is also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Dil Araştırmaları is the property of Journal of Dil Arastirmalari and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Quran is a book in Arabic downloaded by Allah, who created all languages with their rules and taught them to humanity. Therefore, the most important measure for speaking this language in a regular and literary way is the word of Allah. Of course, in this case, it is expected that the sequences of words in it will comply with the rules of the Arabic language. However, it is seen that this harmony is ignored in some verses. Since the Quran is protected from all kinds of distortions and changes, it cannot be claimed that these are wrong, mistakes or slip of the tongue. For example, the main thing in Arabic is the attribution of the noun to the noun and the verb to the verb. Because the noun and verb are two separate types and have some unique characteristics in terms of meaning and grammar. However, it is possible to come across some examples in the Quran where the noun is attributed to the verb and the verb to the noun, albeit rarely. It is often possible to make them homogeneous with some linguistic interpretations and bring them together on a common denominator. But it is obvious that this style, whether interpreted or evaluated in its original form, contains some wisdom, such as renewing the word, removing monotony in the mind, and transmitting rich content messages. We think that this study, which we have written with the aim of determining these issues, has importance and we hope that it will contribute to the understanding of the Quran to some extent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There has been extensive work done on the analysis of the kalima attawheed, basmala, and praise of God (hamdalah) in a preamble section of a book in the Arabic literature. One example of these works is the treatise written by the Andalucian scholar İbn al-Sīd al-Batalyavsī on the analysis of the famous and oft-repeated grammatical example Ḍaraba Zaydun ʻAmra. Batalyawsī analyzes the grammatical structure of the sentence in five ways in the treatise which he says he has written upon the question by one of his pupils. He first investigates the function of the agent ('amil) on verbal noun/subject (fāʻil) and object (mafʻūl bih) respectively and enumerates the differing views of grammarians on this topic. Second, he considers the potential metaphorical meaning of a sentence. Third, he writes about the nature of the effect of the verb (fiʻl) on the subject (fāʻil). The fourth section discusses the order and arrangement of sentence elements in a grammatical structure and also considers possible different sentence structures. Lastly, in the fifth section, differences between the subject (fāʻil) and the object (mafʻūl bih) are examined. Batalyawsī briefly mentions comparative views on the mentioned topics and selects among them which he considers as the correct explanation. Grammatical agency or operator (ʻāmil), declinability (iʻrāb), the composition and word-order of sentence elements in a grammatical structure, and literal-metaphor distinction are topics that are investigated in this treatise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tasavvur: Tekirdag Theology Journal / Tekirdag Ilahiyat Dergisi is the property of Namik Kemal University, Faculty of Theology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Dil Araştırmaları is the property of Journal of Dil Arastirmalari and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Human language according to the characteristic of typology can be divided into two big part, which is the verb before noun, using the 'VO' type of language and the verb often follow the noun, in order of 'SVO, VSO, VOS'; using 'SOV, OSV, OVS' in order of 'OV' type. 'OV' and 'VO' type of sentence's component totally opposite, but regular. As Chinese verbs are often before noun, Chinese is classified as 'VO' language. However, considering the relationship between verb and other components in Chinese, it is seen that putting Chinese into 'VO' types of language is unreasonable. The Chinese typology compares with 'VO' type of language more similar than 'OV' type. In teaching or learning Chinese, emphasizing Chinese's similarities and differences with other 'VO' types of languages, will help to avoid the infections caused by incorrect categorization, and perhaps help students easy to understand. In this paper, we adopt the method that has been recognized in typology, the Chinese basic word order is investigated and analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]