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Objective: This study aims to evaluate the forensic dimension of damages arising from cosmetic applications and determine the issues to be considered in this regard. Methods: Forensic cases who applied to our forensic medicine clinic between 2015 and 2022 to obtain a forensic report due to damage arising from cosmetic applications were retrospectively examined. Results: Out of 26 cases, 20 were women and 6 were men. The procedures were performed in beauty centers in 19 cases and hairdressers/ beauty salons in 7 cases. The complained application was laser epilation in 15, hair dyeing in 4, peeling in 2, botox in 1, tattoo removal in 1, hair transplant in 1, eyebrow microblading in 1, and cryolipolysis in 1. Of the cases, 15 complained of burns on their skin, 6 of skin redness, allergic reaction and scarring, and 5 of lack of dyeing, hair loss, sparse hair growth and burning at the base of the hair. Conclusion: When providing forensic expertise in the damage allegations arising from cosmetic procedures, many factors should be taken into consideration in the evaluation, such as whether there is an official license of the performer, whether there is an indication for the procedure, the method’s suitability for the applied area, hygiene conditions of the application environment, the way of the complication management, the patient’s adherence to the medical recommendations after the procedure.

Aim:Hepatitis enfection reactivation during chemotherapy is a major problem in lymphoma patients. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in lymphoma patients treated in our center.Materials and Methods:The files of non-hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients treated in our center between 2011-2018 were retrospectively reviewed. HBsAg, Anti-HBs, Anti-HBc and Anti-HCV parameters of the patients were evaluated.Results:In 21 (8.7%) of the 240 NHL patients, HBsAg antigen was positive. Anti-HCV positivity was detected in 9 patients (3.7%). In 79 (33%) patients, HBsAg (-), Anti-HBs (+) and Anti-HBc (+) were detected and evaluated as previous hepatitis B infection. In 10 (9.1%) of the 110 HL patients, HBsAg was positive and Anti-HCV positivity was detected in 3 patients (2.7%). In 29 (26.4%) patients, HBsAg (-), Anti-HBs (+) and Anti-HBc (+) were detected and evaluated as previous hepatitis B infection. When HBsAg and Anti-HCV positivity rates were compared between NHL and HL patient groups, no statistically significant difference was detected (p values were 0.9 and 0.63, respectively).Conclusion:According to the data of our country higher positivity of HBV and HCV was determined in lymphoma patients. Hepatitis B and C positivity in our region poses an important problem. Necessary information about vaccination and prevention methods should be provided.

Aim:fSoft tissue sarcomas (STSs) account for 1% of cancers in the adult population. The treatment of choice is surgery but chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy are frequently used due to aggressive cancer behavior or incomplete surgery. Doxorubicin-based regimens are the most frequently used chemotherapy combinations but real-life data about the efficacy and safety of these agents in our country is limited. We aimed to present clinicodemographic and prognostic features of STS cases treated with mesna, doxorubicin, ifosfamide, dacarbazine (MAID regimen).Materials and Methods:A total of forty-five STS cases who were diagnosed between 2007-2016 and treated with the MAID regimen as the initial therapy in Cukurova University were analyzed retrospectively. Associations between clinicodemographic parameters with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves and with the logrank test. Univariate-multivariate analyses were used to assess the prognostic values of parameters for OS-PFS.Results:The median age of the patients was 49 and the most common STS subtypes were undifferentiated pleomorphic carcinoma (37.8%) followed by liposarcoma (17.8%) and leiomyosarcoma (13.3%). According to the AJCC TNM stages, 15.6% stage 1-2, 53.3% stage 3, and 31.1% stage 4 disease. The median PFS/OS were 17/39 months, respectively. The 5-year PFS/OS rates were 14%/32.5%, respectively. In univariate analyses, mitosis, necrosis, stage, and surgery were both prognostic for PFS-OS. However, in multivariate analysis, only stage was an independent prognostic factor both for PFS-OS.Conclusion:Stage was the only independent prognostic factor for both PFS-OS in patients with STS who received the MAID chemotherapy as initial therapy.

Dış ticaretin gelir ve fiyat esnekliklerinin ölçülmesi, özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde ticaret politikasının şekillendirilmesi ve ödemeler dengesinin iyileştirilmesi açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu noktadan hareketle çalışmanın amacı, önemli ticaret partnerlerimizden oluşan Avro Bölgesi ülkeleri ile yaptığımız ikili ticarette Marshall-Lerner koşulunun analiz edilmesidir. Bu kapsamda, 2004-2017 döneminde Avro Bölgesi ile yaptığımız dış ticaret fonksiyonları panel zaman serilerindeki heterojen eğim katsayılarını tahmin etmek için geliştirilen Genişletilmiş Ortalama Grup (AMG) tahmincisi kullanılarak analiz edilecektir. Elde edilen bulgular, ihracat talebi fiyat esnekliğinin pozitif, ithalat talebi fiyat esnekliğinin ise negatif olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, Türkiye ve Avro Bölgesi arasındaki ikili ticarette Marshall-Lerner koşulunun geçerli olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Aim:The etiology of mastalgia is not fully understood. We evaluated the relationship between electromyography (EMG) measurements of the pectoralis major (PM) muscle and mastalgia in patients with non-cyclic unilateral mastalgia.Methods:Thirty-one patients who were admitted to the breast surgery outpatient clinic due to the complaints of intermittent or continuous unilateral non-cyclic mastalgia for at least one month were included in the study. Data on age, family history, age of menarche, body mass index (BMI), physical examination, breast ultrasonography and mammography findings and amplitudes, latency and cutaneous silent period (CSP) in EMG of the right and left PM muscles were noted.Results:The mean age of the patients was 43.3 (20-65) years; mastalgia affected the left breast and the right breast in 22 (71%) and nine (29%), respectively. Twenty-three patients (74.1%) had a BMI of ≥25 kg/m2. There was a size difference between the two breasts in eleven patients. The EMG results of PM muscles in healthy and mastalgia sides were compared and there was no significant difference observed between the amplitude and resistance parameters. The mastalgia side had significantly higher CSP values.Conclusion:Prolonged CSP suggests that unilateral mastalgia may be associated with pain modulating mechanisms of the central nervous system.

ÖZ: Yalın düşünce, israf noktalarının tespit edilerek en aza indirgenmesini hatta ortadan kaldırılmasını hedefleyen ve sistem etkinliğinin sürekli iyileştirildiği bir üretim düşüncesidir. Bu üretim düşüncesi önceleri daha çok fabrikalarda kullanılmaktayken, artık hizmet işletmelerinde de kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Özellikle sağlık hizmeti veren işletmelerde yalın düşüncenin önemi daha fazla kendini gösterebilmektedir. Bunun sebebi ise bu işletmelerdeki gecikme ve hataların insan hayatını doğrudan olumsuz etkileyebilmesidir. Bu çalışmada çocuk acil servis gözlemlenerek iş akışı çıkarılmış ve bu iş akışı üzerindeki gecikme ve israf noktaları tespit edilmiştir. Tetkik sürecindeki değerlendirmede, çocuk acil ve yetişkin acil servislerin kan tahlili ve radyolojik tetkik istemlerinin sonuçlanma süreleri ilgili birimlerden alınan veriler üzerinden kıyaslanarak incelenmiş, iki servisin süreleri arasında %74 fark gözlenmiş ve süreçteki israflar tespit edilmiştir. ABSTRACT: Lean thinking is a production idea that aims minimizing and even eliminating waste points by detecting and improving system efficiency continuously. Since this production idea has been used in factories frequently, recently it is also being used in service enterprises. Especially in health care enterprises, the importance of lean thinking can come into prominence. The reason for this is that delays and errors in these businesses can directly affect human life negatively. In this study, the pediatric emergency service workflow was observed and defined, and the delays and waste points on this workflow were identified. In the evaluation of the examination process, data obtained from the relevant units was compared and 74% difference was observed between the result obtaining times of the blood tests and the radiological examinations of the pediatric emergency and adult emergency services, and the wastes in the process were determined.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of emotion regulation strategies (i.e., cognitive reappraisal and suppression) on driving anger expressions. The moderating role of gender in emotion regulation strategies- driving anger expressions associations was also investigated. The sample of this study consisted of 325 participants (132 females, 193 males) aged between 18-63 years, who had a driving license and had been actively driving for at least one year. Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and Driver Anger Expression Inventory were used in the study. The results showed that cognitive reappraisal predicted adaptive/constructive expression positively, while suppression predicted it negatively. The moderating role of gender in the relationship between cognitive reappraisal and total aggressive expression index was marginally significant. Despite being insignificant, there was a tendency that as cognitive reappraisal increases, total aggressive expression index decreases in only women. In addition, there was a tendency for the moderating effect of gender in the relationship between suppression and total aggressive expression index. In male drivers, suppression positively predicted total aggressive expression index (verbal, body, vehicle expression), but not in female drivers. The strengths, limitations and contributions of the research are discussed in the light of the relevant literature.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 2000-2012 döneminde G7 ülkeleri ve Türkiye’de enerji tüketimi-sürdürülebilir refah ilişkisinin analiz edilmesi ve elde edilen bulguların enerji tüketimi-büyüme (gelir) ilişkisiyle karşılaştırılmasıdır. Bu kapsamda kurulan modeller, paneli oluşturan her bir yatay kesite ait sonuçları tahmin etmek için geliştirilen Kónya (2006) bootstrap heterojen panel nedensellik ile analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular gelişme göstergesi olarak ekonomik büyüme kullanıldığında Fransa ve Türkiye’de koruma hipotezinin, Almanya, İtalya, Japonya ve Birleşik Krallık’ta geri besleme hipotezinin, Kanada ve ABD’de ise yansızlık hipotezinin geçerli olduğu göstermektedir. Gelişme göstergesi olarak sürdürülebilir refah kullanıldığında ise Türkiye’de büyüme hipotezinin, Kanada, Almanya, İtalya, Japonya, Birleşik Krallık ve ABD’de ise geri besleme hipotezinin geçerli olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu sonuçlar, G7 ülkelerinde enerji-sürdürülebilir refah ilişkisinin ülkeden ülkeye değişmediğini, ancak enerji-büyüme ilişkisinin üye devletler arasında farklılık gösterdiğini ifade etmektedir. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular, Türkiye ekonomisi için ise gelişme göstergesinin önemine vurgu yapmaktadır. Ayrıca, çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular ışığında politika çıkarımları da tartışılmaktadır.

Bu çalışmanın amacı yirmi birinci yüzyılın ilk on yılını baz alarak, dünyanın ekonomi ve endüstri alanında en gelişmiş sekiz ülkesinin oluşturduğu G8 topluluğu için işsizlik-enflasyon ilişkisinin analiz edilmesidir. Engle ve Granger (1987), eğer iki değişken arasında anlamlı bir eşbütünleşme ilişkisi varsa, bunun aynı zamanda en azından tek yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisini de beraberinde getireceğini ileri sürmektedir. Bu doğrultuda, işsizlik ileenflasyon arasındaki kısa ve uzun dönemli nedensellik ilişkilerinin araştırılacağı bu çalışmada, öncelikle söz konusu değişkenler arasında herhangi bir eşbütünleşme ilişkisinin olup olmadığı analiz edilecektir. Analiz sonucunda eğer anlamlı bir eşbütünleşme ilişkisi bulunursa, değişkenler arasında kısa ve uzun dönemde ortaya çıkması muhtemel nedensellik bağı daha sağlam bir temel üzerine oturmuş olacaktır. Sonuç olarak elde edilen bulgular neticesindedeğişkenler arasında eşbütünleşme ilişkisinin bulunduğu ve kısa dönemde nedenselliğinin yönününenflasyonda işsizliğe, uzun dönemde ise işsizlikten enflasyona doğruolduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic still continues around the world by making peaks with different variants. In the fight against COVID-19, vaccination is currently the only protective measure. In Turkey, vaccination started firstly in healthcare workers on 13 January 2021 with the CoronaVac (Sinovac Biotech, Chinese) vaccine, and booster doses were administered with the CoronaVac and Comirnaty vaccines in July 2021. In this cross-sectional study, it was aimed to determine the humoral and cellular immunity levels of the employees of the TOBB ETU Hospital 2.5-3.5 months after three doses of vaccination and identify the effective factors. With the power analysis that was conducted with the G*Power software, it was determined to be suitable to include 40 TOBB ETU Hospital workers who had their third dose with the CoronaVac vaccine and 60 workers of the same hospital who had their third dose with the Comirnaty (Pfizer Biontech, Germany) vaccine, and age- and sex-matching was considered by selecting 60 workers randomly from among 223 workers who had Comirnaty as their third dose. The study excluded individuals who had a previous COVID-19 infection or had a positive PCR test result. After collecting blood samples on 18-22 October 2021, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunoglobulin G levels were studied with the chemiluminescence immunoassay method using a Beckman-Access device (Beckman Coulter Inc., CA, USA) for humoral immunity, and T-SPOT test (T-SPOT. COVID SARS-CoV-2 test-Oxford Immunotec, Singapur) was carried out for cellular immunity. Additionally, demographic data, habits, personal information such as weight and height, reasons for choosing the vaccine and post-vaccine side effects were obtained through the data collection form. Data collection was completed on 29 November 2021. As a result, among the healthcare workers who had received their third dose of vaccine with Comirnaty and CoronaVac; while 25% of those who received three doses of CoronaVac had humoral immunity, 93.3% humoral immunity was determined in the heterogeneous vaccine group with two doses of CoronaVac and one dose of Comirnaty vaccine (p<0.05). Cellular immunity was found to be higher (88.3%, 70%) in those who received the heterologous vaccine than those who completed three doses of the same vaccine (p<0.05). In the heterogeneous vaccination group consisting of the healthcare workers who had their third vaccine dose with Comirnaty and those who had it with CoronaVac, humoral and cellular immunity levels were found high. Among the participants whose humoral immunity was found negative, cellular immunity was present in 75% of those who had Comirnaty as their third dose and 63.3% of those who had CoronaVac. While no significant relationship was found between immunity levels and age, sex or body mass index (BMI), the levels of both forms of immunity were lower in those who had chronic diseases. Among the participants, physicians preferred the third dose of Comirnaty vaccine at a rate of 71.4% and laboratory workers preferred this vaccine at a rate of 80% according to the workplace. In the third dose vaccine preference reasons, it was stated that 55% would continue with the same vaccine, experience fewer side effects, 44% provide more immunity and 9% do not prevent going abroad. The incidence of side effects after the third dose of vaccine was 53% higher in those who received the Comirnaty vaccine than in those who received CoronaVac (35%). Based on these data, it was concluded that heterologous vaccination should be preferred in vaccination strategies, and knowing cellular immunity levels is important for the decision. There is a need for more comprehensive and follow-up studies on how long humoral and especially cellular immunity lasts.

Abnormal impulses in peripheral nerves play a critical role in neuropathic pain syndromes. The voltage-gated Na+ channels that underlie the action potential are main targets for clinically useful drugs in the pain therapy. Systemic tramadol has been shown to have clinical efficacy against some forms of neuropathic pain. Therefore, we investigated the mechanisms of action of tramadol by an in vitro model by sucrose-gap technique. Tramadol produced concentration-dependent and frequency-dependent decrements in CAP amplitude. Also, injured nerves were more sensitive to tramadol. Tramadol decreased the amplitude of the delayed depolarization and the hyperpolarizing afterpotentials. In conclusion, blocking potencies of small concentration tramadol on the delayed depolarization and hyperpolarizing afterpotential in regeneration period may be contributed for understanding of the action mechanisms of tramadol on neuropathic pain therapy.