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In recent years, climate change negatively affects human life and natural events, especially due to its increasing impact. One of these negative effects is on the precipitation regime. Due to the changes in the precipitation regime, the water resources needed by the living things are decreasing or regional disasters occur due to the increased precipitation in some regions. It is of great importance to know the change of precipitation data over the years for the management of water resources and protection from flood risks. For this purpose, annual total precipitation data and seasonal precipitation values of five precipitation observation stations located within the borders of Elazig province were used in order to examine the trends of precipitation data of Elazig province over the years. The changes in precipitation data of selected stations over the years were evaluated using Şen's Innovative Trend Analysis, Mann-Kendall and Spearman-Rho tests. As a result, it has been determined that there is a significant trend in the decreasing direction according to all three trend analysis methods in winter precipitation at Palu station, which is located within the borders of Elazig province, and in spring season precipitation values at Keban station. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering recent studies on global climate change, the effect of climate change is seen all over the world. One of the biggest impacts of global climate change occurs on precipitation; while this situation causes drought in some regions due to low rainfall, in some areas, it makes an appearance in the form of flood and overflows as a result of extreme precipitation. Eastern Black Sea Basin is at the risk of exposure to overflows due to its topographic structure. Extreme precipitations, which will occur with global climate change, will cause big overflows in this basin. Accordingly, in this study, Sen Method and Trend Methods have been used to investigate the future trend of annual average precipitation data of Eastern Black Sea Basin. Before analyzing the trend methods, serial correlation was investigated to find out whether the data were serially dependent. Sen Method and Trend Methods were applied to precipitation data from meteorological stations located in this basin. These annual average precipitation data were taken from the General Directorate of Meteorology Affairs. As a result of the study, an increasing trend of precipitation has been observed at some stations in the basin, according to both Sen method and Trend Methods. This result also revealed the possibility of extreme precipitation in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

GNSS technique is important in climate studies because of obtaining Zenith Total Delay which is significant parameter to determine weather conditions with analysis of GNSS observations. Interchanges of long term data can be detected via trend analysis produced by ZTD time series data. In this study, trend and serial correlation effect of time series of (IGS Repro1) were investigated using between 1995-2010 reprocessed ZTD data in the framework of COST Action ES1206, GNSS4SWEC (Advanced Global Navigation Satellite Systems Tropospheric Products for Monitoring Severe Weather Events and Climate). Mann-Kendall test was performed for nonparametric method. The autocorrelation coefficient was calculated to set the serial correlation. Trend-Free Prewhitening method has been applied to eliminate the correlation. The effect on the trend determination of serial correlation and the performance of Trend-Free Prewhitening method were tried to made examination by making re-trend analysis in series which eliminated correlation. As a result of the performed methods, serial correlation is substantial whole ZTD data. At the same time, there are trends in LAMA, ONSA and PENC stations after applying Trend-Free Prewhitening. In this work, MATLAB programming language was handled in all of the tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emerging changes in the ecosystem and global warming are among the humanity's most important issues in today's world. Global warming, melting of glaciers, rising sea water levels and irregularities in rainfall show the existence of these problems. The irregularities in rainfall are of great importance in terms of existing and planned water structures. Recently in our country; irregularities in averaged rainfall data measured over many years, declines and irregularities in the intensity of precipitation are frequently observed. These findings show that Turkey is also affected by ecosystem and global warming in different dimensions. Trends in rainfall intensity at stations were determined by using the standard duration rainfall intensity data obtained from the Maximum Rainfall Data observed in standard durations by 207 observation stations in Turkey, the observation period being over 20 years. The data was obtained from the General Directorate of Meteorology. Mann Kendall and Spearman's Rho were used to identify trends, while Innovative Trend Analysis methods were used to determine dominance. Trends were determined by using Mann-Kendall and Spearman's Rho trend testing methods for each standard time of station data, and the dominance of data sets were determined by using innovative trend analysis. Trend and dominance maps of the stations used for each standard duration are prepared in the context of the determined results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the climatic characteristics of Rize were determined using the long-term (1970-2014) observation data of Rize, Pazar, Hopa and Trabzon meteorological stations. In addition, trend analyses were performed through the Mann-Kendall method using the temperature and precipitation data of these stations. These 4 stations where the observation data were obtained are located in the coastal belt in the Eastern Black Sea. Although the distances between the stations are not so long, extreme changes are observed in the climatic factors. Rize has very different properties in terms of climatic characteristics in Turkey and the Eastern Black Sea. Local climatic conditions which are unique to Rize are observed with the orography and exposure effects. In Rize, the long-term annual mean temperature is 14.3°C and the annual mean precipitation is 2254.4 mm. The lowest temperature was measured as 3.4ºC in February and the highest temperature as 26.7ºC in August. The annual mean time of sunny day is around 5-6 hours. The long-term annual mean pressure was measured as 1014 mb in Rize. The predominant wind direction is south-west. This is because of the winds blowing from south towards the coastal belt as well as it to be a region which is open to air flows through the Black Sea. Considering the temperature, precipitation and sunshine duration, the number of foggy and cloudy days seems to be high. This ensures low rate of evaporation. In Rize, where there is no water lacking, soil is always humid and vegetation is very bushy and green. Considering these characteristics, it is seen that perhumid and moderate climate conditions are experienced in Rize. According to the Mann-Kendall and Sen analysis results, significant tendencies to increase are seen in the temperature ratings in the stations except for Pazar and in the amounts of precipitation in the stations except for Hopa. According to the trend analyses, Rize shows a more stable characteristic compared with the other stations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Air and water are indispensable elements of life on earth. With the effect of increasing population and difficult environmental conditions, it is quite important to set a good planning for protection and use of water as a result of increasing demand for water. In the scale of globalizing world, problems increase with the effect of warming and climate changes, it is thought that decrease of usable freshwater bodies would pose a serious problem. Due to these risks, there are increasing number of studies about potential effects of climate changes in recent years. These studies are generally carried out in order to find answers for the question whether there is climate change and to develop models. Therefore in this study, trend analysis is carried out on average annual precipitation of West and East Black Sea Basins and Sakarya Basin precipitation trends are analyzed. In the study, considering the results of trend analysis, there is no trend observed in precipitation data of West Black Sea Basin; whereas there is an increasing trend in precipitation data of East Black Sea Basin. On the other hand, decreasing trend was observed in precipitation data of Sakarya Basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global climate change has great impact on different environmental variables in most countries in the World. For this reason, it is vitally important to scrutinize the changes in hydro meteorological parameters for water supply management. In this study, mean temperature (MT), mean humidity (MH), mean average wind speed (MWS) and total precipitation (TP) data are obtained for the period from 1970 to 2010 for Antakya and Iskenderun stations of Hatay state which is located south of the Turkey. These data are exploited for seasonal and annual trend analysis and trend slope test is applied to determined significant trend. Mann Kendall and Spearman's Rho tests are carried out for the trend analysis; Sen's slope trend method is used for detecting the slopes of trend. Beginning years of trend of stations which present significant trend are procured by Mann-Kendall rank Correlation test. According to the results, in the 95% confidence interval, in the annual mean temperature increasing, in the annual mean wind speed decreasing significant trend is seen in Antakya station. Also in the İskenderun station in the annual mean humidity decreasing, in the annual total precipitation increasing significant trend is seen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]