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Objective: Concepts of readability and quality are used to express the ease of reading of a text and the reliability of the information it presents. Readability and quality can be calculated by taking quantitative data with various mathematical formulas. The aim of this study is to reveal the readability and quality of the texts about hoarseness presented on the internet. Material and Methods: A comprehensive study was carried out using the keyword "hoarseness of voice" with the help of the Google search engine. During the study, 73 out of first appearing 100 websites on Google which met the inclusion criteria were examined. The quality of these sites has been reviewed with the Health Code on the internet (HONcode). The readability level of the information texts in these sites was evaluated by Ateşman Readability Index and Çetinkaya Readability Index. Results: The average HONcode score of the texts on the sites included in the study was calculated as 4.22 ± 2.14. The Ateşman Readability Index averages of the web pages were calculated as 62.3 ± 8.5 and the Çetinkaya Readability Index averages as 44.7 ± 5.6. Conclusion: Considering that many people do their pre-treatment research on the internet, the importance of quality and readability levels of these resources is obvious. The results of this study, which was carried out specifically on the subject of hoarseness, reveal the necessity of increasing the quality and readability standards of the contents mostly. It is recommended to raise awareness about the importance of elevating the quality and readability levels of internet resources that produce health content by conducting similar studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, cycloid, epicycloid, involute and 45 degree curves with different surface geometries were modeled in Solidworks program with the help of mathematical formulas. Meshing process was performed with the ANSYS analysis program of the curved surface models created. After this process, tensile and bending finite element analysis of the test samples were made. During the analyses, the material properties of the St52 structural steel were defined as the test sample. In the samples with 45 degree curved surface, the damage load of the adhesive interface was found and then this damage load was applied to the other curved surface samples, respectively. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the curved surface with the maximum tensile and maximum bending strength is a 45 degree curved surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hacettepe University Journal of Education is the property of Hacettepe University Journal of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: To evaluate the diurnal variation of the intraocular lens (IOL) power in healthy subjects by various commonly used IOL formulas using optical biometer based upon the principle of partial coherence interferometry (PCI). Materials and Methods: A total of 62 eyes of 32 healthy subjects, ages ranged from 25 to 36 years were evaluated. Measurements were performed two times in the morning and evening hours by using optical biometer. IOL power was calculated using Haigis, Hoffer-Q, Holladay-1 and SRK/T formulas. Results: According to calculated IOL power differences, there was not any statistically significant change between IOL power calculation formulas in right and left eyes (p=0.511 and p=0.206, respectively). SRK/T formula was found to be the least and Haigis formula was found to be the most variable formula. Comparison of the formulas by using post hoc tests yielded statistically significant change only between Haigis and SRK/T tests (p=0.046). Conclusion: IOL power that was determined using different formulas with optical biometry in the morning and evening hours of the day did not differ significantly. SRK/T formula showed the least variation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, we consider a system of two asymmetrically coupled linear wave equations with nonhomogeneous terms. This is a part of a generalized Davey-stewartson (GDS) system which can be reduced to the Davey-Stewartson (DS) equation through a nonlinear variable transformation for some special parameters values. The GDS system has been derived to model (2+1) dimensional wave propagation in a bulk medium composed of an elastic material with coupled stresses. This system consists of one nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) type equation for the complex amplitude of a short wave coupled with two linear wave equations for long waves propagating in the medium. The GDS system can be classified with respect to the parameter values. This classification is based on the eigenvalues of the coefficient matrix of a first order linear system with four equations equivalent to the second order linear system. The GDS system in the elliptic-hyperbolic-hyperbolic (EHH) case can be written in a dimensionless form as iμt + γ μxx + μ yy = χ ∣ μ ∣2 μ + b ( α Φ l,x + Φ2,y )μ , Φ l,xx - Φl,yy - β Φ2,xy = α ( ∣ μ ∣ 2 ) x, Φ 2,xx - ƛ ∣ μ ∣ 2 μ + b ( α Φ l,x + Φ2,y ) μ , Φ l,xx - Φ l,yy - β Φ2,xy = α ( ∣ μ ∣ 2 ) x, Φ2,xx - ƛ Φ2,yy - βΦl,xy = ( ∣ μ ∣ 2 ) ywhere x and y are spatial coordinates and t is time; u is the complex amplitude of the short transverse wave mode, and Φ1 and Φ2 are the long longitudinal and long transverse wave modes, respectively. γ, χ, b, β, α and ƛ also are constants. The purpose of the present study is to obtain integral representations of solutions to the coupled linear nonhomogeneous wave equations. Our argument is a modification of the method which is used to find an integral representation of a solution for a single wave equation. This method is that the wave equation is written in characteristic coordinates and integrations are performed along them. In order to obtain the integral representation of the solution Φ1 and Φ2 , the coupled wave system is transformed to a system of first order equations and can be solved directly. The coefficient matrix of the new system has four real distinct eigenvalues, which enables us to define the following four characteristic coordinates ξ 1 = -r1 x + y, ξ -r1 x + y η 2 = r2 x + y. Since the system does not decouple in characteristic coordinates, there is no natural pair of characteristics. On the other hand, we can either choose the characteristic pair ξ1, ξ2) , or (η1, η2) to define a coordinate transformation from the xy - pane to a plane formed by a set of the characteristic variables. In this study, we will choose the pair (ξ 1, ξ 2) and express ( η 1, η 2) in terms of (ξ 1, ξ 2).Because of the hyperbolic nature of the system, the radiation type homogeneous boundary conditions on Φ1 and Φ2 will also be assumed lim Φ1 (x,y) = lim Φ1 (x,y) = 0 and lim Φ2 (x,y) = lim Φ2 (x,y) = 0. Than we perform integrations along characteristics and make use of the radiation boundary values along the characteristics to determine the unknown functions Φ1 Φ2 . After long calculations, we obtain the representation of the solutions Φ1 Φ2 for r1 ≠ r2. We are able to see the complex interactions among the four characteristics in the limits of the integrals appearing in the representation of solutions. As a special case, when r1 = r2 , the system reduced to the decoupled system because of β = 0. Thus, solutions Φ1 Φ2 are the same as the solution for the single wave equation. In conclusion, the GDS system can be reduced to a non-local NLS equation by using the representation of solution to the coupled wave equations. This equation allows us to present some localized solutions to the GDS system for some special choices of the parameters and find some estimates of the solutions to the system. Moreover; it also helps us to investigate the global existence of the solution to the GDS system for small initial data, blow up of the solutions, asymptotic behavior of the solutions and the local existence in time of solutions without smallness condition on the data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Learning is a behavioral change occurring in an individual's life. The quality of this change is valid as long as the students use the information they have learnt. In this context, it is known that prospective physics teacher doesn't learn physics lessons in an adequate level, nor does uses their the knowledge. For this reason, students find physics courses difficult to achieve their own learning. Also, they do not generally accomplish in this course at an expected level. Therefore, these show that students' learning level of mechanics subjects needs to be investigated. This study aims to determine prospective physics teachers' learning level of mechanic subjects according to the Bloom Taxonomy. The study was carried out with 400 prospective teachers enrolling in Physics Teacher Education Program at four different universities. A multiple choice achievement test which includes 25 items that were prepared according to Bloom Taxonomy were used. Mean scores of prospective teachers were taken into consideration in determining success level according to taxonomy and prospective physics teachers class level. In general, it was found out that an increase in prospective teachers' achievement levels of "knowledge" and "comprehension" with an increasing grade was higher than the others. To make prospective teachers to achieve expected results, it is recommended that formulas to be used in mechanic subjects should initially be distinguished from each other and taught them instead of intensive mathematics formulas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Science is the property of Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Science & Literature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents information about the software "Scientific WorkPlace 5.5 (SWP)." SWP is one of the foremost scientific word processors available on the market. It is generally used to write books and journal articles. An excellent interface for test construction is provided by SWP. The LATEX formatting of mathematical symbols and formulas embedded within the package make it a valuable tool in the statistician's tool chest. SWP is nevertheless powerful and is sufficient for nearly all mathematical exercises.