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Copyright of SDU Journal of Engineering Sciences & Design / Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi is the property of Journal of Engineering Sciences & Design and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Pollen in orchids is in the form of clusters called polynarium and no hormonal studies have been found in orchid polynariums. Therefore, the aim of the study is to determine the hormones in orchid polynariums. For this purpose, Ophrys mammosa subsp mammosa polynariums collected from the field were brought to the laboratory. In the study, Salicylic acid, Abscisic acid, Jasmonic acid, Gibberellic acid and Indole-3-acetic acid hormones were screened in the samples. The samples treated with non-hydrolyzed herbal extraction were taken into the study in LC-MS/MS device. As a result of the LC-MS/MS device study, Salicylic acid was found to be 2.6736 ng/gr, Abscisic acid 65.6926 ng/gr, Jasmonic acid 12.2367 ng/gr, Gibberellic acid and Indole-3-Acetic acid were not detected. The findings are discussed in the light of current literature and it is believed that they will contribute to future orchid reproductive biology studies. The study is a first in this respect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rosemary is a good source for carnosol and carnosic acid. There are many parameters could affect the amount of these phenolic diterpenes. It was aimed to determine the effects of location and harvesting time on carnosol and carnosic acid contents of rosemary. Samples used within the scope of the study were taken from three different locations (Adana, Mersin, Antalya) in one month intervals during two years. The carnosic acid and carnosol contents of the samples were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Location and harvesting time have statistically important effect on carnosol and carnosic acid contents of the plant. The highest carnosol content (0.78%) was determined in the Antalya-Döşemealtı which was harvested at February. And, the highest carnosic acid content (0.74%) was found in the same location in September. The study findings revealed that carnosol and carnosic acid content of rosemary may differ significantly according to harvest time as well as the location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Peripheral arterial disease (PAH) is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by arterial stenosis or occlusion. Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of PAH (>90%). Carbamylation is one of the post-translational modification mechanisms of proteins and has been identified as a new risk factor for atherosclerosis. The most common carbamylation product known is homocitrulline. Our aim in this study was to contribute to the elucidation of the role of homocitrulline in the diagnosis of PAH. Methods: 70 patients with PAH and 65 individuals without PAH were included in the study. Serum homocitrulline and lysine levels were measured by AB Sciex API 3200 (Applied Biosystems/MDS Sciex) liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/ MS) device. Various hematological and biochemical parameters of the patients were measured in Beckman Coulter LH 780 and Beckman Coulter AU 5800 (Beckman Coulter, Brea, USA) autoanalyzers, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured in IMMAGE 800 (Beckman Coulter, Brea, USA) device, respectively. Results: Serum homocitrulline concentrations of patients with PAH were statistically significantly higher than the control group (p<0.001). Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the optimal serum homocitrulline cut-off value was 165.1 µmol / mol lysine (p<0.001) (sensitivity, 71.4% and specificity, 86.7%) for PAH. The area under curve (AUC) value was 0.873 (95% confidence interval: 0.804- 0.925). There was a positive correlation between serum homocitrulline and urea, CRP, the neutrophillymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) levels. Conclusion: Our findings show that homocitrulline levels are significantly elevated in patients with PAH, and homocitrulline may be a useful marker in the early diagnosis of PAH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, 318 pesticide residues were analyzed in 232 grape leaf (Vitis vinifera) samples provided from the Manisa region of Turkey in 2017. In these analyzes, the QuEChERS method was used by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The results obtained were evaluated according to the Turkish Food Codex (TFC) Pesticide Maximum Residue Limit (MRL). Pesticide residues were found in eighty five (36.6%) samples (22.4%) in total 52 samples detected pesticide active substance above MRLs it was. Of the 318 pesticide agents analyzed in the grape leaves, 42 different pesticides and 210 different results were obtained, and 92 of these results were compared with the MRL values. The most common factor in the analyzed grape leaves was metalaxyl, the active ingredient above the MRLs of TGK was azoxystrobin. Results showed that pesticide residues in grape leaves were detected at a high level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As integral parts of plant signaling networks, phytohormones are involved in the regulation of plant metabolism and growth under adverse environmental conditions, including salinity. Globally, salinity is one of the most severe abiotic stressors with an estimated 800 million hectares of arable land affected. Roots are the first plant organ to sense salinity in the soil, and are the initial site of sodium (Na+) exposure. However, the quantification of phytohormones in roots is challenging, as they are often present at extremely low levels compared to other plant tissues. To overcome this challenge, we developed a high-throughput LC-MS method to quantify ten endogenous phytohormones and their metabolites of diverse chemical classes in roots of barley. This method was validated in a salinity stress experiment with six barley varieties grown hydroponically with and without salinity. In addition to phytohormones, we quantified 52 polar primary metabolites, including some phytohormone precursors, using established GC-MS and LC-MS methods. Phytohormone and metabolite data were correlated with physiological measurements including biomass, plant size and chlorophyll content. Root and leaf elemental analysis was performed to determine Na+ exclusion and KC retention ability in the studied barley varieties. We identified distinct phytohormone and metabolite signatures as a response to salinity stress in different barley varieties. Abscisic acid increased in the roots of all varieties under salinity stress, and elevated root salicylic acid levels were associated with an increase in leaf chlorophyll content. Furthermore, the landrace Sahara maintained better growth, had lower Na+ levels and maintained high levels of the salinity stress linked metabolite putrescine as well as the phytohormone metabolite cinnamic acid, which has been shown to increase putrescine concentrations in previous studies. This study highlights the importance of root phytohormones under salinity stress and the multi-variety analysis provides an important update to analytical methodology, and adds to the current knowledge of salinity stress responses in plants at the molecular level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several pesticides and their residue levels in citrus (orange and lemon) honey were determined in this study. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) was used for the determination of pesticide residues in honey samples. The QuEChERS method was used for sample preparation. In twenty honey samples, the levels of carbendazim, chlorpyrifos, imazalil, metalaxyl and thiabendazole were 7.84, 5.05, 10.96, 6.97 and 12.11ng/g, respectively [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of olive oil obtained from cv. Gemlik wereinvestigated. Phenolic composition was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)coupled with diode array detector and characterized by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS). A total of 13 different phenolic compounds, including hydroxytyrosol, 4-hydroxybenzoicacid, tyrosol, 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid, vanillic acid, vanilin, syringic acid, p-coumaricacid, ferulic acid, cinnamic acid, apigenin and luteolin were identified. Tyrosol (9.85 mg/kg) determinedas the main phenols found in olive oil and followed by apigenin (5.40 mg/kg) and hydroxytyrosol(3.21 mg/kg) respectively. Antioxidant activity of olive oil was measured by using the DPPH and ABTSassays. A high correlation between total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity (R2 = 0.657-0.817)along with applied methods (R2 = 0.933) were determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate the bioequivalence of test and reference formulations of 40mg olmesartan medoxomil (CAS 144689-63-4) in 36 healthy male volunteers. Olmesartan medoxomil is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used to treat high blood pressure. Volunteers were treated with two formulations of 40mg olmesartan medoxomil according to a fasting, randomised, open-label, crossover, single dose, two-period bioequivalence study design with a 14 days wash-out period. Blood samples were taken up to 72 h post-dose, the plasma concentrations of olmesartan medoxomil were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). AUC0-∞, AUC0-last, Cmax and Tmax were calculated for both formulations. The parametric 90 % confidence intervals for the primary target parameters were between 90.73-102.34 for AUC0-last, 91.13-102.47 for AUC0-∞ and between 90.17- 102.85 for Cmax. The acceptance ranges prospectively defined in the protocol for this trial were fulfilled. Based on the available information it was determined between the bioequivalence acceptance range (80-125%). This single dose study found that the test and the reference products met the regulatory criteria for bioequivalence in these fasting healthy male volunteers [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]