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Conversion of land use from forest to agricultural uses modifies soil quality through physiochemical soil properties changes. This study was conducted in Rwanda’s central plateau agro-ecological zone to evaluate the effect of forest and agricultural land uses on soil quality. The study was conducted in 2020. Soil samples were collected at the top, middle and bottom positions of each of the two land uses. We analyzed soil bulk density, soil moisture content, soil pH, soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (Av P), and CEC for each position of the land uses. Data were analyzed using ANOVA in GENSTAT version 13. The results revealed that soil properties were significantly affected by land use change. Analysis of variances (LSD

Copyright of lnternational Journal of Geography & Geography Education is the property of Marmara University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Studying the landscape change depending on human activities and associating this change with activity is important for making the appropriate planning decisions. In this study, it was aimed to determine how an activity that seriously damages to the environment, such as a thermal power plant, causes a change in CORINE Land Cover/Land Uses (LC/LU) classes between 1990 and 2018. In this context, it has all the units of the Yeniköy-Kemerköy Thermal power plant within the lower basin boundary, which has been selected as the study area and is considered an ecological boundary. The landscape types of the study area, which consists of a total of two micro-catchments, a sub-basin and a separate basin, were determined by the 2018 CORINE LC/LU classes and Forest Stand types. As a result of the change detection carried out with the ArcGIS 10.6.1 program, supported by Geographic Information Systems (GIS), the change and transformation between LC/LU classes were examined. Diversity indices were calculated by considering the number of units and area sizes of the determined landscape types. The effect of such measurements on landscape management has been discussed by mathematically demonstrating how this change affects landscape diversity through diversity indices. According to the calculated Shannon and Simpson Diversity Indices, the diversity of the area is high both in the whole area and in the micro-catchment's basis. It has been discussed in the results section of the study that this high diversity is not a diversity that includes ecological richness in the expected sense and that it is a result of fragmentation caused by the activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of lnternational Journal of Geography & Geography Education is the property of Marmara University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Soil Science & Plant Nutrition / Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi is the property of Soil Science Society of Turkey and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Cografya Fakültesi Dergisi DTCF Dergisi is the property of Ankara Universitesi Dil ve Tarih-Cografya Fakultesi (DTCF Dergisi) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Electronic Turkish Studies is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of the Institute of Social Sciences Cankiri Karatekin University / Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Cankiri Karatekin University, Institute of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Water is one of the most important natural resources needed by all living things on earth. The quality of water, which is of such great importance, may deteriorate in parallel with industrialization and population growth. Climate and land use are two important factors affecting water quality. Especially in regions with arid and semi-arid climates, the control of land use and water quality is even more important than in other regions. In this study, the effects of different land uses (forest, recreation and agriculture) on some water quality parameters were investigated along a precipitation basin in Eskişehir, which has semi-arid climate characteristics. In the study, it was determined that the use of agriculture significantly increased the calcium (Ca+2), magnesium (Mg+2), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), chloride (Cl-), sulphate (SO4-2) and electrical conductivity (EC) values in the waters of the Çöppınarı watershed compared to the use for forest and recreation purposes. Therefore, more care should be taken in the use of fertilizers in agricultural areas. Necessary measures should be taken by making water quality measurements in certain periods in streams where such lands are dense.

“Beyşehir Gölü’nün doğu kesiminde doğal ortam koşulları ve arazi kullanımına etkisi” adlı çalışma, arazi kullanımına etki eden doğal ortam koşullarını ve bunların arazi kullanımındaki etkilerini ortaya koymayı hedeflemektedir. Çalışma süresi boyunca farklı tarihlerde ve sahanın farklı yerlerinde arazi gözlemleri ve tetkikler yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular dahilinde konu amacına uygun haritalar ArcGIS, ArcMap arayüzü, 10.5 sürümü kullanılarak hazırlanmıştır. Araştırma sahasındaki doğal ortam koşullarının arazi kullanımı üzerinde olumsuz sonuçları bulunmaktadır. Bu sonuçlar arasında; tarımsal potansiyelin verimli kullanılamaması, orman alanlarının tahrip edilerek tarım alanlarına dönüştürülmesi, yüksek eğim ve yanlış arazi kullanımı nedeniyle şiddetli erozyon, mahallelerin atık suları ile akarsuların kirletilmesi, gölet sayısının artması ve yerleşmelerin tarım alanlarına kurulması yer almaktadır. Beyşehir Gölü’nün doğu kesimindeki kıyı ovası ve plato sahalarında tarım alanları geniş sahalar kaplamaktadır. %52’lik orana sahip tarım alanlarının (839 km2); %29’u (461 km2) kuru tarım, %12’si (196 km2) karışık tarım ve %11’i (182 km2) ise sulu tarım alanı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Dağlık kesimlerde ise maki ve otsu bitkiler (%26) ve ormanlık sahalar (%9) önemli yer tutar. Araştırma sahasındaki arazi kullanımında en büyük değişim kıyı ovası üzerindeki sulu tarım arazilerindeki artıştır. Sulu tarım alanlarındaki artışın olumlu ve olumsuz sonuçları ortaya çıkmıştır. Olumlu sonuçları arasında ürün deseni ve miktarındaki artış; olumsuz sonuçları arasında ise Beyşehir Gölü sularının fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklerindeki değişimlerdir. Sonuç olarak, göl çevresinde arazi kullanımı ile ilgili problemlerin çözümü ancak sahanın doğal potansiyeline uygun, sürdürülebilir planlamalarla sağlanabilir.

Urban pollution, which reduces the quality of life of residents and poses a vital threat to human health, can be reduced by effective city planning. Pollution due to heavy metals is increasing in today's cities, and these heavy metals are of particular concern because as they do not naturally decompose on earth, they can bioaccumulate in the human body and cause serious diseases. It is, however, possible to reduce exposure to pollutants through making spatial decisions. The research aims to determine the variation of concentrations of Mn by location, which is greatly affected by the poor air quality caused by traffic density. Within the scope of the study, the following species were analyzed: Robinia pseudoacacia, Platanus orientalis, Acer negundo, Fraxinus excelsior, Ailanthus altissima, Aesculus hippocastanum, and Tilia tomentosa. Samples were taken from Ulus, the traditional center of the political capital of Ankara, and Kızılay, its modern center. Although the two areas of research are close to each other, the traffic density had increased due to the current planning decisions in Kızılay, while Ulus was chosen as a region with relatively low vehicle density due to its historical structure. It was found that four wood species have higher values in their leaves and wood, and five wood species have higher values in their bark in the Kızılay region, as compared to Ulus. This demonstrates that motor vehicles have a significant effect in Kızılay. In addition, the values of the leaves and bark of the same wood are higher in Kızılay than Ulus. It has therefore been determined that A.negundo and F. excelsior are suitable species for use in urban planting design to monitor the concentrations of heavy elements in the air.

The study aims to determine the urban agriculture potential of vacant lands in the city center of Usak, Turkey, and to create a GIS-based urban agriculture inventory. Our analysis focuses on available vacant lands of the municipally-owned lands, foundation lands, public properties, forest lands, and pasture lands within the boundaries of the implementary development plan of the city center of Usak. The optimal urban agriculture map was created using GIS and considered different categories of urban agriculture, including small-scale agriculture, large-scale agriculture, community gardens, and impervious surface or poor soil urban agriculture. The study results showed a significant amount of vacant lands in Usak suitable for urban agriculture, with 7.32 ha being highly suitable, 80.58 ha moderately suitable, and 110.94 ha marginally suitable. Results indicate that vacant lands in the city can be utilized for urban agriculture, which can provide numerous benefits to the local food system.

Global population growth is increasing the pressure on water resources day by day. At the same time, changes in land use, especially due to increased urbanization, affect hydrological processes. Considering both population and urbanization, the management of water resources with the right planning becomes inevitable. In this study, the worst-case scenario was handled and it was investigated how much more the city could meet its water needs if the drinking water treatment plants in the provinces of Istanbul, Ankara and Kocaeli were operating at full capacity. In the analyzes handled with the current water losses, the population projections and the future change in the per capita water need are revealed. According to the results obtained, it was determined that when the existing drinking water treatment plants in Istanbul are used at full capacity, there may be water shortages in 2039. Under the same conditions, it was determined that Ankara would not be able to meet its water needs in 2036. In Kocaeli, it was determined that in 2031, the existing facilities will be insufficient for the water demand. The results of the study showed that the necessary measures should be taken immediately for the water crisis, which is expected to be one of the most important problems of our country in the future.

The urban coastal areas of Istanbul have been rapidly transforming in recent years with mega projects where economic concerns have come to the fore. While projects cause the development of uniform coastlines that cannot establish a coast-city relationship and lack an urban context, they also cause problems such as the disappearance of the original values of the coasts. During the period from the Republic era until the 1950s, the coasts and historical identity of Istanbul were largely preserved. However, the urban development activities that began in the 1950s, particularly the land reclamation projects, rapidly altered the physical structure of the coasts and affected their historical identity. Mega-projects, which gained momentum with the neoliberal policies that came to the fore in urban policies in the 2000s, are rapidly transforming the urban coastal areas in Istanbul that contain historical, cultural and spatial riches. This paper argues that coastal areas regulation projects should be unique and differentiated according to the identity, economy, history, legal and administrative dynamics of the area. In the period between 2003-2018, the area between Yenikapı-Atatürk Airport was determined as the study area and was spatially limited to urban coastal areas. Within the scope of the study, the detailed analysis of the mega projects developed in the axis of neoliberal policies was superposed by comparing the changing land uses with numerical methods. As a result of this study, depending on the data obtained from the mega projects, the spatial change of the region between these dates, the loads that the projects will bring on a regional basis, and the effect of this situation on the urban coastal areas of Istanbul are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agriculture is an indispensable sector for the future of countries. Agriculture comes to the forefront as the dominant factor in all areas from nutrition to economic development, from employment to meeting the raw material need for industry, from exports to the contrib ution it provides to national income. Such an important sector, which affects almost every aspect of life, unfortunately loses its sustainability as a result of the misuse of agricultural lands. In this study, which aims to reveal the effects of misuse of agricultural lands on agricultural sustainability, the current situation in Kemerhisar town of Niğde province was discussed. In this study, first of all, the theoretical foundations of the subject were discussed, then the effects of misuse of agricultural lands were investigated with satellite images and on-site photographs as a concrete example, and the effects of misuse of agricultural lands on agricultural sustainability were evaluated in Kemerhisar example. In conclusion, deficiencies and shortcomings were identified and necessary suggestions were made against them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Humanitas: International Journal of Social Sciences / Uluslararasi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Humanitas: International Journal of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Cappadocia Region of Central Anatolia, in the center of Anatolia, has important archaeological-historical records showing periods of prosperity and crisis throughout history from the Roman Period to the present. These records offer the opportunity to compare them with pollen data, which provides information on past agricultural activities and environmental changes. Between ～300-1200 AD, Cappadocia region experienced a full cycle from conditions of political and economic prosperity through insecure conditions and agricultural collapse, to renewed prosperity. This cycle includes the changes during and after the Beyşehir Occupation Phase (BOP), which is the period of intensive agriculture, and is known as Holling's adaptive cycle concept. In this study, it was aimed to determine the vegetation and land use characteristics of the period before and after the BOP (last 1900 years) in the Cappadocia Region by using pollen data and evaluating them within the framework of socio-ecological changes by comparing them with archaeological-historical data. As a result of the evaluations, a total of four phases were identified: one phase covering the Roman Period in the pre-BOP period and three important phases covering the Late Roman and Byzantine periods and beyond within the framework of Holling's adaptive cycle concept. In the first phase, the collapse of the agricultural system in the pre-BOP period, in the second phase of the adaptive cycle, intensive fruit, cereal agriculture, and husbandry activities, in the third phase, land abandonment and weakening agricultural activities due to unsafe conditions, and in the last phase, intensification of agricultural activities and a change in agricultural type were observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute / Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Journal of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute Journal is the property of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Hacettepe University Journal of Economics & Administrative Sciences / Hacettepe Üniversitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Hacettepe University, Faculty of Economic & Administrative Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Soil Science & Plant Nutrition / Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi is the property of Soil Science Society of Turkey and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

It is known that human-induced damaging factors on the quality and quantity of water produced by river watersheds cause some negative consequences (pollution, changes in water regime, decreases in flow rate, etc.). Murgul Creek consists of such factors as well, including open pit mining works, multiple run-of-river hydroelectric power plants (RoR-HEPP), new road constructions and expansion of residential areas within its borders. From this point of view, in this research, the aim was to reveal scientific data -both temporal and spatial- on the status of water quality, flow regime and the amount of suspended particles in Murgul Creek caused by these activities. For this purpose, water temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), salinity, total dissolved matter (TDM), dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) and ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) parameters were measured monthly for one year at 12 sampling points along the Murgul Creek. In addition, besides determining the amount of suspended solid particles (SSP) and monthly flow rates, analyses were made for arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in water samples for a possible heavy metal pollution caused by mining activities. When the results were evaluated, the values of conductivity (438.82 μS/cm), salinity (0.30 mg/L), TDM (400.25 mg/L), NH4-N (0.19 mg/L) NO3-N (5.20 mg/L) and SSP (143.69 mg/L) in water samples close to the mining activities were found to be statistically higher compared to sampling points near the natural and residential areas. In addition, it was determined that Cu (5669 µg/L), Fe (4647 µg/L), Pb (43 µg/L) and Zn (2837 µg/L) values measured in the creek water were statistically the highest at the M5 measurement point at the exit of the mining site.

The present study investigated the environmental problems that emerged in recent years in Balıkgöl (2.441 m), which is one of the primary landscape and natural life resources of Ağrı province. The data sources of the present study included field studies, which were carried out in different periods and the analysis results of the water samples collected from different locations of the lake. Balıkgöl, one of the higher altitude lakes in Anatolia, faces a number of problems that have been considered the first indications of environmental degradation, despite the fact that the lake was designated as a "Qualified Natural Protection Area" by the Council of Ministers in 2020. Recreation facilities are built in an uncontrolled manner along the coastline, and the waste left behind by the operators of the recreational businesses and local people contaminates the lake, deteriorating the natural structure of the coast, and the environmental problems are destroying the natural life, likely irreversibly. In addition, the fact that a number of bacterial species (including Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli etc.) detected in the water samples collected from the lake can be considered an important sign of environmental degradation. The results of the present study suggested that the environmental destruction in the lake was predominantly of anthropogenic origin and the change in the lake environment was mainly due to recreational activities and the compulsive use of the resources around the lake by the local people. Therefore, the management of Balıkgöl, which is designated as a "Qualified Natural Protection Area," with an integrated approach will contribute to the conservation and use of the lake on a sustainable basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yeşilova is a district of Burdur Province, located in the Lakes Region in the Antalya Section of the Mediterranean Region. With this study, it is aimed to determine the land capability, use, and cover of the district. In addition, geographical factors that affect land use and capability characteristics are also explained. In this study, the land use capability classification of the district is explained by creating in Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. Then, using the Coordination of Information on the Environment (CORINE) data of 2018, land use characteristics were determined, and these were mapped and explained. According to these land use data, land use characteristics were determined. According to the results obtained, in the district, flat and slightly sloping areas account for 43.3%, while lands suitable for agricultural activities (I--IV class) constitute 34.6% and lands not suitable for agriculture constitute 52.9%. According to 2018 CORINE data, 24.8% of the district's lands are agricultural areas, 33.1% are forest and semi-natural areas, 32.9% are water structures, 8.2% are wetlands, and 1% are artificial regions. In the district, which has a rugged and mountainous topography, lacustrine and terrestrial basins also form important areas. These basins are indispensable areas for agricultural activities today. However, these flat and slightly sloping areas have turned into areas that are subject to soil erosion and decreased productivity due to improper land use today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was prepared to identify and analyse the relationship between the existing land use and the elevation and slope characteristics of the Edremit creek basin. In the preparation process of the study, first, a detailed literature review was made. In the next stage 1/25.000 scaled topography maps of the study area were used to prepare the base data describing the maps of the slope and elevation. The land use map has been created using ArcMap/Basemap and subsequently updated using Google Earth based on the data from 2022. Afterward, distribution analyses were made by intersecting the slope and elevation maps with the land use map. As a result of these analyses: it has been found that agricultural activities and settlements are concentrated between 0 and 100 m, whereas the formation of forests, bushes, and unusable areas increases as altitude increases. It has been found agricultural activities and settlements are intense on the flat lands between % 0 - 2 slope range, whereas the formation of forests, bushes, and unusable areas increases as slope increases. Land use in the study area is generally compatible with slope and elevation conditions. However, some of the lands where special crop farming is carried out and the location of the settlements are problematic in terms of benefiting from the natural environment and planning for sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of lnternational Journal of Geography & Geography Education is the property of Marmara University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

During the transition from a principality to an empire, Russia followed a policy of economic, political, military, socio-cultural and socio-psychological pressure and attrition, which lasted for three centuries, towards the occupation of the strategically important Caucasus, which was the only obstacle to the realization of the ideal of landing on the warm seas. Tsarist Russia which completed the occupation of the North Caucasus and South Caucasus turned the demographic structure of the Caucasus in its favour, by resettling the Christian population to the regions vacant from the autochthonous people, which was subjected to forced migration. The forced mass movement of Caucasians, who lost the 1864 Caucasian Russian War and became immigrants, started in the direction of the Ottoman lands, which were considered suitable for them. In line with the laws and regulations issued under the responsibility of the "Immigrant Commission", which was established to carry out the affairs related to the immigrants, it was tried to ensure the permanent settlement of the immigrants and to meet their needs. However, the use of the lands where the immigrants were settled by the local people brought along judicial, security, social and cultural harmony problems between the nomadic and settled people and the immigrant population and caused the resettlement of 1864 Caucasian immigrants to Anatolian lands as a sociological problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Academic Inquiries / Akademik Incelemeler Dergisi is the property of Akademik Incelemeler Dergisi (Journal of Academic Inquiries) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ÖZ: Bu araştırmanın amacı Seferihisar örneğinden yola çıkarak geçmişten günümüze ve geleceğe uzanacak sürdürülebilir kentleşme dinamiklerini çevre sorunları perspektifinde sorgulamaktır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarından biri olan betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Seferihisar’da çevre sorunları, arazi kullanımı ve sürdürülebilir kentleşme ilişkisinin güçlü bir şekilde vurgulanması ve bu çerçevede çözüm önerilerinin belirtilmesi bu araştırmanın özgün yanlarını oluşturmaktadır. Türkiye’nin ilk Cittaslow (sakin şehir) unvanına sahip olan Seferihisar’da yerel somut ve somut olmayan miras değerlerinin korunması ve bir sonraki nesle nitelikli bir şekilde aktarılması hedef edinilmiştir. Ancak neoliberal politikaların kentleri soylulaştırmasına benzer olarak Seferihisar şehri yakınlarında ve kırsal mahallelerinde yoğun bir yapılaşma süreci yaşandığı görülmektedir. Nitekim Seferihisar son 20 yılda alansal olarak 2 km (%40) büyürken nüfus miktarı da %61 oranında artmıştır. Böylesi bir gelişim süreci sonunda çevre sorunları özellikle yanlış arazi kullanımı Seferihisar’da dikkat çekmeye başlamıştır. Nitekim son 30 yılda ilçede tarla, orman ve mera alanlarında azalma olurken, yerleşim alanlarında belirgin bir artış meydana gelmiştir. Tarım arazilerindeki azalmaya karşın imarlaşmanın hızlanması Seferihisar’da da ilkel birikim sürecinin devam ettiğini ifade etmektedir. Nitekim İzmir ilindeki emlak fiyatlarındaki en büyük artışların gerçekleştiği ilçelerden birisi de Seferihisar’dır. Sonuç olarak sürdürülebilir kentleşme dinamikleri bağlamında Seferihisar’da arazilerin, su kaynaklarının doğal ortam potansiyeline uygun kullanılmadığı görülmektedir. Bu durumun önüne geçebilmek ve yerel değerlerin küreselleşme rüzgârına karşı durabilmesi toplumsal gerçeklik temelli bir yaklaşımı gerektirmektedir. Covid 19 pandemi sürecinin insanlığa özünü yani doğayı tekrar hatırlatması bizler için bir fırsattır. Gıda krizinin hatta emperyalizminin ülkeleri gittikçe zorlamaya başladığı bu süreçte Seferihisar gibi kırsal ile kenti bütünleştirme gayreti olan ilçelerde arazi kullanım deseni, doğal ortam potansiyeline göre şekillenmeli, tarım, orman ve sulak alanlar koruma-kullanma dengesi gözetilerek kullanılmalıdır. ABSTRACT: The aim of this research is to question the dynamics of sustainable urbanization, which will extend from the past to the present and the future, from the perspective of environmental problems, based on the example of Seferihisar. The descriptive analysis method, which is one of the qualitative research approaches, was used in the research. Emphasizing the relationship between environmental problems, land use and sustainable urbanization in Seferihisar and specifying solutions within this framework constitute the original aspects of the research. In Seferihisar, which has the title of Turkey's first Cittaslow (quiet city) city, it is aimed to protect local tangible and intangible heritage values and to transfer them to the next generation in a qualified way. However, similar to the gentrification of cities by neoliberal policies, it is seen that there is an intense construction process near the city of Seferihisar and in its rural neighborhoods. Increasing rent value, luxury housing and middle and upper class visitors state that the usage relations of the space have been rearranged and the space has been gentrified. As a matter of fact, while Seferihisar has grown by 2 km (40%) in area in the last 20 years, its population has increased by 61%. At the end of such a development process, environmental problems, especially improper land use, started to draw attention in Seferihisar. As a matter of fact, while there has been a decrease in field, forest and pasture areas in the district in the last 30 years, there has been a significant increase in residential areas. Despite the decrease in agricultural lands, the acceleration of zoning indicates that the primitive accumulation process continues in Seferihisar. As a matter of fact, Seferihisar is one of the districts where the biggest increases in real estate prices in the province of İzmir took place. As a result, it is seen that the lands and water resources in Seferihisar are not used in accordance with the natural environment potential in the context of sustainable urbanization dynamics. To prevent this situation and to be able to stand against the wind of globalization of local values requires a social reality-based approach. It is an opportunity for us to remind humanity of the essence of nature, that is, the nature of the covid 19 pandemic process. In this process, where the food crisis and even imperialism are increasingly challenging the countries, the land use pattern should be shaped in accordance with the natural environment potential in districts such as Seferihisar, which are trying to integrate the rural and the city, and agriculture, forest and wetlands should be used by considering the protection-utilization balance.

The protected areas of Rwanda are facing various challenges resulting from the anthropogenic activities of the surrounding communities, especially in the adjacent area to Cyamudongo isolated rain forest, which results in soil degradation. Therefore, this study aims to broaden current knowledge on the impact of sustainable Agroforestry (AF) on soil-selected chemical and physical properties. To understand this, the permanent sample plots (PSPs) were established mainly in the designed four transects of four km long originating on the boundary of the Cyamudongo isolated rain forest following the slope gradient ranging from 1286 to 2015 m asl. A total number of 73 PSPs were established in the Cyamudongo study area. The Arc Map GIS 10.4 was used to design and map the sampling areas while GPS was used for localization of plots centers. Statistical significance was analyzed through R-software. The recorded soil pH means value across in Cyamudongo study area is 4.2, which is strongly acidic. The tests revealed that the soil pH, C, N, C: N ratio, OM, NH4+, NO3-+NO2-, PO43-, and CEC were significantly different in various soil depths. The pH, N, C: N ratio, CEC, NH4+, PO43-, and Al3+ showed a significant difference across land uses whereas the C and NO3-+NO2- did not show any statistical difference. All tested chemical elements showed a statistical difference as far as altitude ranges are concerned. The only NH4+, PO43-, and CEC showed significant differences with time whereas all other remaining chemical elements did not show any statistical significance. The soil pH was very strongly correlated with CEC, Mg, and Ca in cropland (CL) whereas it was strongly correlated in both AF and natural forest (NF) except for Mg, which was moderately correlated in AF. Furthermore, its correlation with K was strong in CL, and moderate in AF while it was weak in NF. Finally, the pH correlation with Na was weak in both AF and CL whereas it was negligible in NF.

On the example of covering a court dispute about the ownership of the largest land plot in the Crimea of the XIX century, the problem of the law enforcement in the field of land use in Taurida was raised. It points to such a feature of land use in Taurida province, as simultaneous functioning within the same territory of two land use systems: Islamic and continental. From a historical and legal point of view, the demand that arose is interesting in itself as a legal monument to complex land disputes in the Crimea in the XIX century.

Land use could impact soil properties and processes in varying degrees. Therefore, the impact of different land use systems on soil water status and its relationship with some physiochemical properties was studied at the Teaching and Research Farm, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria. The land use types included native forest (NF); Paddock (P); Oil palm plantation (OP); Teak (TK); new yam plot (NY) and yam plot under fallow (YF). Structure and disturbed surface soils (0 - 15 cm) samples were taken at three (3) locations in each land use type. Soil water content (SWC) significantly varied among the different land use types, with oil palm plantation storing the highest amount of water. The results also showed significant differences in soil bulk density, organic carbon, porosity, texture and hydraulic conductivity among the land use types. SWC associated positively and significantly with organic matter, silt content and silt + clay. The association between SWC and pH and silt/clay were positive but weak while particle density, bulk density and sand content showed negative and significant association. The principal component regression (PCR) showed a highly significant, positive relationship between SWC and the principal components of other physicochemical properties. Cluster analysis showed that SWC is highly related and linked to OM, Bd, Pd, Pt and silt/clay. The results implied that conversion to paddock and continuous cultivation led to depletion in soil water, physical and chemical properties, whereas cultivation of tree crops conserved these soil properties better. Therefore, establishment of tree crop and conservative soil management practices are suggested to prevent agricultural lands from degradation in areas with soils under similar conditions.

İklim değişikliği küresel bir çevre sorunudur. İklim değişikliği konusunda ülkemizde farkındalığın artmaya başlaması ile iklim değişikliğinden en çok etkilenen kentlerin sahip olduğu doğal ve kültürel kaynakların korunmasına yönelik stratejilere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Kentler doğal ve kültürel ekosistemlerle onlar tarafından sağlanan kentsel ekosistem hizmetlerine bağımlıdır. Kentlerde iklim değişikliğinin etkilerinin azaltılmasına katkıda bulunabilecek yenilikçi bir arazi planlaması yaklaşımı olarak geliştirilen yeşil altyapılar, doğal sistemlerin alansal büyüklüğünü artırmanın yanında biyoçeşitlilik ve kentsel ekosistem hizmetlerinin artmasında da rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmada iklim değişikliğinin kentsel biyoçeşitlilik üzerindeki etkilerine değinilerek yanlış arazi kullanımı neticesinde doğal alanların yok edilmesinin yarattığı iklim değişikliğinin kentsel ekosistem hizmetlerinin sürdürülebilirliğine etkileri konusunda tespitlere yer verilecektir. İklim değişiminin kentler üzerinde yaratacağı olası etkilerin çözümünde yeşil altyapı ve ekosistem hizmetleri çerçevesinde değerlendirmeler yapılacaktır.

Geographical Information Systems technologies allow the development of land use scenarios for the future. Land Use Conflict Identification Strategy (LUCIS) model; agricultural conservation by identifying areas of potential conflict of land use and urban land use predictions about how the changes will happen for the next period in GIS-based simulation model. In this study, land use conflict areas of Efeler, the central district of Aydın, were determined through the LUCIS model and land use estimates were made. In this context, multi-criteria evaluation techniques were applied and suitability analyses were carried out for land use categories over 56 sub-objectives, 19 objectives and 12 targets. The future conflict areas of agricultural, conservation and urban areas have been identified and a land use prediction map has been produced. According to the general results of the study: about half (48.84%) of the district area of 631 km2 remains within the conflict zone, and urban sprawl will occur mainly on agricultural and conservation areas. This will also be an indication that agricultural areas will continue to increase their pressure on conservation areas by accelerating.

This study's scope is to investigate the processes that transform residential areas functionally and morphologically through decentralization, functional transformation, and sub-center formations experienced in the areas once the periphery of the city of Ankara. It searches transformations caused by the preferences of commercial firms that choose housing environments instead of central places, as in the Beysukent-Planlamacılar case. Beysukent neighborhood appeals to the middle and middle-upper income group, and the Beysukent-Planlamacılar Cooperative was planned as residential mainly. It has been exposed to intense preference for commercial functions and to an unplanned functional-physical transformation process, as it is located on the axis of rapidly developing Çayyolu since the 2000s. In this study, a systematic literature review, quantitative data collection- evaluation, and case study techniques are used. The development plans, and the data obtained through the fieldwork to determine the changes in land use, and classification of commercial uses constitute the main materials in the analysis phase. The findings of the study indicate that the Planlamacılar neighborhood, as its houses increasingly turn into commerce, has started to lose its original urban and architectural fabric, and the quality of life determined by the requirements of the low-density residential area at the beginning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Soil Science & Plant Nutrition / Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi is the property of Soil Science Society of Turkey and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The use of new digital datasets, which allow for accurate monitoring, analysis, and calculation of land use/cover (LU/LC) changes at national and international level using remote sensing (RS) and geographic information systems (GIS), has become widespread. The Coordination of Information on the Environment (CORINE) monitoring system methodology was improved by the European Environment Agency (EEA), which is responsible for obtaining environmental data on a European scale and is used in 39 countries including Turkey. In this study, the aim was to determine the current situation for land use/cover and the changes that occurred between 2000-2006-2012-2018 in Iğdır according to the CORINE monitoring system and to reveal the causes for these changes. In the province of Iğdır, land use/cover types were defined accordingly the CORINE monitoring method and under 5 main headings at the 1st level (artificial surfaces, agricultural areas, forests and natural areas, wetlands, and water bodies), 12 different monitoring classes at the 2nd level and 23 different monitoring classes at the 3rd level were created. By making areal and proportional calculations for each six-year period of these classes, the changes in land use/cover status between 2000-2018 period were determined as an increase of 358.9 ha on artificial surfaces, 1850.8 ha in agricultural areas, and 18.5 ha in waterbodies; as a decrease of 2187.9 ha in forest and natural areas, and 153.6 ha in wetlands. The most common land use/cover class (16407.6 ha) and increase (4165.6 ha) on provincial land consists of sloping, shallow and low-yield areas covered with sparse vegetation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research area is in the Ergene Section of the Marmara Region, within the borders of Edirne Province. It covers the lower course of the Meriç Basin in Turkey. In an integrated land use study, phases such as the land use type of the study area, the classification of the land in terms of use capability, and the evaluation of land use are important. Therefore, examining the land use status of the relevant basin and providing suggestions for sustainable use and management by taking into account the natural environment conditions are considered among the priority objectives. Within the scope of the study, the historical development of land use was investigated. Soil and statip (detection and improvement project of problematic agricultural areas) data were analyzed using geographic information systems, and land use and land use capability distribution were examined. It is seen that agricultural areas and forests proportionally cover the largest area in the basin. For the conscious use of natural resources in developing countries, there is a need for sustainable use and management studies on a basin basis. In this context, land use was examined in terms of the sustainability of natural resources in the basin; A land use proposal has been developed in order to protect the ecological balance, eliminate existing problems, and ensure sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Humanity has been facing the problem of how to manage the space since the establishment of permanent settlements. The limited area of settled life has decreased with urban life. The problem of space has always made the urban land valuable, and as a result, from the first cities to the modern cities, it was necessary to organize the space in an optimal way for reasons such as security and production. With the loss of the castle's main feature, the concentration of trade in the cities, the increase in industrial production, and the rise of the bourgeoisie, the cities began to spread out of the castle. However, even this expansion of the cities did not reduce the demand for urban lands. The main problem of this article is whether there are ethical principles in urban land use and what ethical principles should be done. The transformation of urban lands into a commodity that can be bought and sold in the capitalist countries of the West, has made it difficult to make and implement development plans within the framework of social ethics. In developing countries under the influence of neoliberal movement, ethical debates on how to use urban lands continue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the scope of this study, it is aimed to specify the labor force in agricultural enterprises and to determine their distribution with respect to capital components. Being acquainted with the distribution of capital is important for agricultural operators to plan for production. Similarly, it is necessary to determine the distribution of capital according to the factors in order to carry out the planning for the agricultural sector on a macroeconomic scale and to propound policy recommendations. Due to the fact that the economic activities of the agricultural enterprises operating in Turkey are not recorded, the face-to-face survey method was applied to obtain the data used in the study. The primary data obtained from the survey belong to the 2019 production year in the Beypazarı district of Ankara. According to the findings of the study, it has been determined that the effective use of land and toolmachine capital varies depending on the planning and management of the workforce. In direct proportion to the land capital of agricultural enterprises, technology investments for the effective use of resources in enterprises have increased. Therefore, an increase was observed in the tool-machine capital according to the scale of the enterprise. The efficient use of land and tool-machine capital in agricultural enterprises has increased the efficiency of money capital. It was determined that in small-scale enterprises within which money capital was examined, there was a capital provision of 1.500.0 TL per in-house workforce and 306.1 TL per seasonal workforce. In medium-sized enterprises, 8.214,3 TL is allocated to the in-house workforce and 1.163,1 TL to the seasonal workforce, whereas in large-scale enterprises 29.868,1 TL of money capital is allocated for the in-house workforce and 3.407,6 TL for the seasonal workforce. According to these obtained values, it has been determined that the inhouse workforce is more advantageous in terms of employment generation and sustainability in rural areas. Creating new investment areas by making use of money capital in rural areas is not an adequate solution for development. In addition to the actions taken for the sake of capital planning, it is also necessary to classify the workforce in terms of occupational manner and increase the level of human capital, reduce informal employment, improve agricultural exports, direct foreign capital investments to the agricultural sector, and increase social welfare in rural areas. According to the findings, policy recommendations were made on the topics of improving working conditions, creating new employment areas, and organizing the workforce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Studies - Social Sciences is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The continuous increase in the population and the demand for woody raw materials increases the pressure on forest resources in Turkey. Establishing short-rotation plantations with fast growing tree species on appropriate sites is seen as a possible solution. In this context, General Directorate of Forestry has initiated some activities within the framework of an action plan. However, there are serious concerns about the success of these activities. In this study, a survey was conducted to determine the point of view of the forest engineers and the private company representatives working in Burdur-Bucak region. Forest engineers who participated in the survey stated that industrial plantations are not a priority activity in this region and there are many problems in implementation. While the idea of establishing afforestation on open fields for industrial purposes was supported, the idea of converting existing natural forests into plantations was opposed. Company representatives, on the other hand, support the industrial plantations in the region, especially indicating the potential benefits in terms of employment and supply of raw material. In order to reach more comprehensive results on industrial plantations, these activities should be followed up in the coming years and their positive and negative aspects should be examined.

Urbanization processes are progressing rapidly all over the world and especially affect the planning processes of developing countries negatively. Rapid urbanization resulting from the demand of the increasing population prevents controlled growth and causes land use decisions to be taken without adequate analysis. In order to continue people’s lives in a healthy and self-sufficient living environment, it is necessary to ensure the sustainable use of fertile soil and all natural resources. As a result of uncontrolled growth in these areas, irreversible damage occurs to natural resources. The aim of this study is to determine the distribution of the urban texture on the natural environment and the changing area uses in the 10-year period in Mersin, one of the developing cities. For this purpose, land uses are grouped under 4 main headings as settlement, agricultural lands, forest areas and unused areas.In the 20-year period between 1998 and 2018, it was determined that the amount of urban area doubled and the total forest area decreased by 2/3 in the study area, which was approximately 35,000 hectares. As a result, it was determined that urban development caused a serious loss of agriculture and forest areas, and thus, it was emphasized that the protection of natural areas should be considered in making urban plan decisions in order to ensure urban sustainability.

The aim of this study is to determine the spatial change of urbanization in different years and the effect of this change on agricultural lands by using Remote Sensing (RS) methods and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) in the Selçuklu district of Konya province in Türkiye, where there is a significant shrinkage in the agricultural land availability from year to year. In the study; NDVI and NDBI indexes were calculated on Landsat 5-8 satellite images, based on GIS, and distribution maps were prepared to visualize the changes in urban and agricultural areas for the years 2001, 2014 and 2021. It has been determined that the agricultural areas, which were 79300.63 ha in 2001, decreased to 50167.97 ha in 2021, and the urban areas, which were 9265.19 ha in 2001, expanded to 15690.5 ha in 2021. In addition, land capability classes and soil distribution maps of the study area were created and areas that were not suitable for settlement were determined. As a result; In the sectoral sense, while there are gains on one side, there are losses on the other. For this reason, it has been determined that the expansion in urban areas means the narrowing of agricultural areas in particular, that urban areas have grown by 3.35% in the last 20 years, and a loss of 15.18% has been experienced in agricultural areas. In addition, it has been determined that settlements and other artificial areas spread on alluvial lands and agricultural production lands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mavi Atlas is the property of Mavi Atlas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The dam lake areas built in various regions are basically built for the purpose of collecting the water potential around and protecting the water, providing suitable agricultural opportunities or generating electricity. These catchment areas also form the pedestal level for the erosion of the topography. This artificial water collection basin now also ensures that the abrasive forces, which accept this area as the pedestal level, pass to the deposition conditions in the same area and its immediate surroundings. Environmental fragility analyzes are an important tool for the protection and sustainability of water and soil in dams. Potential environmental fragility creates the dynamic balance of the environment as the natural fragility of physical geography to erosion. By integrating the use of land with physical parameters, environmental fragility, which also affects human conditions, is emerged in this field. In this study, environmental fragility analysis of Karaçal dam lake and its surroundings in the closed basin of Burdur was made. ArcMap 10.4.1 Software was used in the study. With this Software, 1/25000 scale topography maps of the General Directorate of Mapping (HGM) were digitized and Digital Elevation Model (SYM=DEM) maps were produced from these vector data. These obtained data were analyzed with the Weighted Sum model. As a result of the evaluations, it has been determined that the Potential Environmental Fragility (PEF) of this site is high with a value of 70%. This value was low in only 10% of the study area. The Emerging Environmental Fragility (EEF) of the land was determined to be 45% high and 23% low. The high PEF and EEF values obtained reveal that human activities should be carried out in a controlled manner around the Karaçal dam lake. It is also concluded that if human activities are continued without considering the dynamic conditions of erosion and accumulation processes, the functionality of the dam lake will face the threat of disappearing in a short time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Academic Journal of Agriculture / Akademik Ziraat Dergisi is the property of University of Ordu, Faculty of Agriculture, Academic Journal of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this study was to provide the basic data related to the tractor such as power ratios and annual use along with the production pattern, type of farms, farm size and their fragmentation, soil properties. In order to meet the above objective a survey study was conducted in 2013 in four provinces of the Aegean region namely Aydın, Denizli, İzmir and Manisa.Using a GPS device, the coordinates of the location of the agricultural lands were also found in order to analyze the data for further evaluation and GeoMedia Professional 6.0 CBS software. The results from the study indicated that the annual use of tractors is about 650 hours and the surveyed land is a typical example and resembles the whole country in terms of average land size and fragmented land structure. The total land owned by 305 farmers was calculated to be 4023.1 ha and each farmer has 7.47 ha land. On the other hand, the average parcel size was found to be 0.86 ha. The distance between the parcels ranged between 0.5-10 km mostly while %12 of the lands was out of this range.

Analysing the factors driving the population size and activities of soil microorganisms is important for understanding the soil ecosystem’s structure and functioning. For this purpose, the soil enzymes are used as an indicator of soil microbial activity and soil fertility. Although there are many studies on the distribution and activities of various soil enzymes in soils under monoculture or crop alternation conditions, there are only few studies examining the ecological relationship in natural ecosystems, especially by using enzymes. In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of different land uses on the catalase enzyme activity in soil. For this purpose, the catalase enzyme activities in soil samples taken from 0-5cm and 5-10cm depths in agricultural, forest, and pasture lands in north and south exposures were determined and the effects of different land use, exposure, and soil depth conditions on the enzyme activities were investigated. At the end of the study, it was determined that the catalase enzyme activity significantly differed by the land use and the highest level of catalase enzyme activity in both south and north exposures and at both depth levels was found in forest soils, whereas the lowest level of activity was found in agricultural lands in north exposure and pasture soils in south exposure.

Copyright of CEDRUS is the property of Mediterranean Civilisations Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)