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Copyright of MN Cardiology / MN Kardiyoloji is the property of Medical Network and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Laboratory Animal Science & Practices / Laboratuvar Hayvanlari Bilimi ve Uygulamalari Dergisi is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: In this study, we aimed to examine the etiology and demographic characteristics of the patients by retrospectively looking at the files of hemiplegic patients aged 18 and over who were hospitalized in the physical medicine and rehabilitation clinic of our hospital. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in the physical medicine and rehabilitation department of Harran University Faculty of Medicine Research and Application Hospital. In the study, the records of patients aged 18 and over who were hospitalized between August 2021 and August 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. In addition to the etiology of the disease, the clinical and demographic characteristics of the patients diagnosed as hemiplegic were examined. Results: A total of 26 patients were evaluated, 14 (53.8%) male and 12 (46.2%) female. The mean age of the patients was determined as 61.76±13,49 (31-82) years. The plegic side was determined as 50% on the right side and 50% on the left side. In etiology, the cause was ischemic factor in 80.8% of the patients, while it was hemorrhagic in 19.2%. In terms of systemic disease, hypertension (HT) was the most common with 84.6%, followed by diabetes mellitus (DM) with 38.5%. Heart disease (CH) was the 3rd most common systemic disease with 26.9%. Those who did not have any systemic disease were only 1 (3.8%) person. HT and DM coexisted in 34.6% of the patients. Conclusions: In conclusion, it should be examined in detail because the frequency of other risk factors increases in hemiplegic patients who have had a stroke, especially chronic diseases such as HT and DM. Therefore, it is important to take preventive measures for risk factors that may cause stroke, in order to prevent possible complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ahi Evran Medical Journal is the property of Ahi Evran University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: Ovarian ischemia, which is known as one of the most common gynecologic surgery emergencies in women of all ages, is the distruption of the ovarian perfusion. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effect of tadalafil, a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor, at different doses and durations in the management of ovarian survival in ischemia-reperfusion injury model in rats. Materials and Materials and Methods: Thirty female Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups. Ovarian ischemia was induced by clamping the adnex of uterine tuba for three hours and reperfused for one hour. Drug treatments were given as follows: Group 1: saline (ischemic control), Group 2: tadalafil 1 mg/kg, Group 3: tadalafil 10 mg/kg, Group 4: tadalafil 1 mg/kg for 7 days, Group 5: tadalafil 10 mg/kg for 7 days. At the end of the treatments, ovaries were removed and evaluated for histopathological analysis. Results: Group 4 and Group 5 showed significant decrease in vascular congesion, hemorrhage, edema, neutrophilic infiltration compared to Group 1. All groups showed significant decrease in neutrophilic infiltration compared to Group 1. We found that treatment with tadalafil for 7 days significantly decreased the ovarian tissue damage scores in rats compared to the ischemic control. Conclusion: Our results showed that tadalafil treatment in ischemic ovarian injury is effective in limiting ovarian damage. The reduction in the tissue damage scores suggested that treatment with PDE5 inhibitors, such as tadalafil, may contribute to the healing of conservatively treated ovaries and may play a role in the treatment of adnexal torsion.

Aim:To evaluate the macular microvascular parameters in central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and to differentiate its ischemic and non-ischemic types.Methods:This study included 32 affected and 32 unaffected eyes of patients with unilateral CRVO and 32 age and sex-matched healthy control eyes. All participants had 6x6 scan pattern macular optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) imaging. Vessel density (VD), perfusion density (PD), and foveal avascular zone area measurements of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) were automatically calculated.Results:There were statistically significant differences among the affected and unaffected eyes of CRVO patients and the control eyes in terms of the mean VD of the central ring and the median PD of the central and inner ring. There was a significant decrease in the mean VD and PD values of the inner and outer ring in the ischemic CRVO types compared to the non-ischemic types.Conclusion:The results of this study showed that VD and PD in SCP were significantly affected CRVO. The alterations were more pronounced in ischemic type of CRVO. OCTA imaging may provide valuable information on early prediction of ischemic and non-ischemic CRVO types.

Purtscher retinopathy and acute macular neuroretinopathy are two rare clinical disorders that are both probably associated with ischemic pathogenesis. In this report, we describe for the first time the coexistence of Purtscher retinopathy and acute macular neuroretinopathy in a patient with visual complaints after chest trauma. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans demonstrated outer retinal defects, while OCT angiography illustrated areas of hypoperfusion in the superficial and deep capillary plexuses as well as the choriocapillaris. In this report, it is emphasized that acute macular neuroretinopathy is a clinical condition that should be kept in mind in patients presenting with post-traumatic vision loss. Although its clinical diagnosis is difficult, characteristic OCT and OCT angiography findings facilitate diagnosis.

Introduction: Ischemia is reversible orirreversible cell/tissue damage that is secondary to insufficient blood flow totissues or organs. Ischemia causes many metabolic and structural changes at thecellular level. Ozone therapy is often used as an antioxidant remedy. Thisstudy aimed to investigate the effects of ozone therapy on extremityischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury.Methods: Twenty-four New ZealandWhite (NZW) rabbits were randomly allocated into three groups. Each groupconsisted of eight rabbits. Group I was the control group, Group II was theischemia group, and Group III, the ozone group.Femoral arteries of the right legs were dissected, and femoral arterialocclusion was performed in Group II and III.Hematological and histopathological evaluation was performed in allgroups.Results: The levels of totalantioxidant status (TAS) after the surgical procedure was higher in the ozonegroup compared to the ischemia group (p=0.036). In addition, the levels ofmalondialdehyde (MDA) after the surgical procedure were lower in the ozonegroup compared to the ischemia group but not statistically significant(p=0.093). The control and ozone groups were histopathologically similar.Conclusions: Ozone therapy may be usedas an alternative treatment modality with its anti-inflammatory and antioxidanteffects for the treatment of extremity IR injury.

Objectives: Vagal reactivation normally occurs in the early period of recovery, immediately after exercise. In the absence of normal vagal reactivation, heart-rate recovery (HRR) is attenuated. Heart rate turbulence (HRT) is an indicator of autonomic response to perturbations of arterial blood pressure after ventricular ectopy. The prognostic role of HRR and HRT (turbulence onset (TO) and turbulence slope (TS)) is well established. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether there is a relationship between these parameters and frequency of ventricular ectopies and ischemic ST-segment changes during exercise test. Methods: Of the 1550 patients without coronary artery disease or heart failure, 100 (6.4%) had ventricular ectopia during recovery from exercise. In these patients, we measured the frequency of ventricular ectopia during exercise and recovery, heart rate recovery index at first minute after exercise, TO and TS values. Results: TO was abnormal in 35% of patients, TS in 17% and HRR in 10%, and that TO was impaired earlier. When the patients were grouped according to ischemic ST-segment changes (negative and positive); age, maximum METs, duration of exercise, TO, TS, TS normal/abnormal, HRR, HRR normal/abnormal, number of ventricular ectopies during exercise or recovery, maximum heart rate and basal heart rate were similar between groups. Abnormal TO rate tended to be higher in those with positive exercise test. A mildly significant correlation was observed between HRR and TS (r=0.21, p=0.036). The number of ventricular ectopies in the recovery was correlated with the number of ventricular ectopies during exercise. TS was correlated with TO and HRR. Conclusion: In low-intermediate risk individuals, HRR at first minute of recovery and HRT may reflect different aspects of autonomic dysfunction and they were not associated with presence of ischemic ST-segment changes and frequency of ventricular ectopies during exercise test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of MN Opthalmology / MN Oftalmoloji is the property of Medical Network and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of MN Cardiology / MN Kardiyoloji is the property of Medical Network and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Obturator hernia (OH) is a rare type of hernia caused by protrusion of the pelvic contents through the obturator foramen. It usually affects elderly, debilitated women. Patients may present with the symptoms of mechanical intestinal obstruction. Delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis is frequent due to non-specific signs and symptoms. In this paper, we present the case of OH in two patients. Both patients were admitted to the emergency department with the symptoms of ileus. Incarcerated OH diagnosis was made after evaluations. One of the patients, who underwent emergency surgery, had necrosis and small intestine resection was performed. OH, defect was repaired in both patients and serious postoperative complications developed. OH, is a clinical condition associated with high morbidity and mortality in incarcerated cases. There are many open and laparoscopic methods in treatment. Early diagnosing may be life-saving.

Copyright of Mersin Üniversitesi sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Mersin University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of MN Cardiology / MN Kardiyoloji is the property of Medical Network and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Ischemic stroke is an emergency, requires prompt and accurate diagnosis to determine the need for urgent hospitalization and specific treatment. This study investigates our hospital’s nurses’ and intern physicians’ knowledge and awareness of ischemic stroke. Method: A questionnaire consisting of 10 questions evaluating stroke awareness, the symptoms, first intervention, transportation and first treatment approaches, was completed by 110 volunteer participants (55 nurses and 55 intern physicians). Results: The rate of stroke awareness of nurses was 51.1%. In terms of knowledge concerning the first assessment of the patients, it was a remarkable result that the detection of hypoglycemia, opening two vascular access routes and not interfering with hypertension scored a very low rate of 20.9% in nurses. The correct answer rate of intern physicians to the questionnaire was 77.6%. Statistically, there was no significance between the responses of the nurses and the intern physicians in terms of age, occupational duration, stroke intervention and stroke training history (p>0.05). Conclusion: All healthcare professionals should be trained in the diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke, the necessity of measuring fingertip blood glucose, not to interfere with hypertension and understanding the value of thrombolytic treatment in the first 4.5 hours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION: Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly that can be cured with surgical treatment. It accounts for 0.25 to 0.5% of all congenital heart diseases. ALCAPA is generally asymptomatic in the neonatal period. Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and mitral valve insufficiency (MVI) are detected in patients with symptoms of heart failure. ALCAPA, which is a rare cause of DCM, early surgical treatment provides quite good prognosis in the first year of life. However, mortality is high in patients who do not receive surgical treatment. MATERIALS and METHODS: Six patients diagnosed with DCM at our clinic between January, 2005 and December, 2017 and detected with ALCAPA syndrome in their etiological assessment we re-evaluated retrospectively RESULTS: Of the 6 patients, 5 were female and 1 was male. The average age of diagnosis was 4,75 months. All patients had the signs and symptoms of heart failure at admission. All cases had the signs of ischemia in the chest leads, D1 and a VL in the electrocardiograms (ECGs). In all cases, echocardiography (ECHO) showed mitral insufficiency and the dilation of the left ventricle and the mean ejection fraction was 29,3% (18-39%), and the mean shortening fraction was 12,6% (8-19%) in the ECHOs. Diagnostic catheter angiography was performed for all patients and the diagnosis of ALCAPA was confirmed. All patients under went correction surgery with there implantation method. Four of the patients completely recovered after surgery. One patient died 5 days after the surgery. One patient is being followed up with medical treatment since there was no improvement in her cardiac functions after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The ALCAPA syndrome should definitely be considered in the etiology of cases diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy and it should be kept in mind that ALCAPA is completely treatable disease with early diagnosis and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of Carvacrol (CARV) on renal ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Method: 30 male Wistar Albino rats weighing 200-250 gr were divided into random groups. Anesthesia was achieved with 50 mg / kg ketamine and 3 mg/kg xylazine (intraperitoneal). Right nephrectomy was performed to all rats by midline incision after 100 IU/kg heparin (intraperitoneal) application to prevent renal artery thrombosis. Subsequently, the left renal artery was clamped, created ischemia for 60 minutes. Group I (Sham): Left nephrectomy was performed six hours after right nephrectomy. Group II (I/R): Following right nephrectomy, left kidney was left for 60 minutes for ischemia and 6 hours for reperfusion. Group III (I/R+CARV): In addition to the procedure performed in group II, Carvacrol was given 2 times 35 mg/ kg intraperitoneally just before ischemia and reperfusion. After six hours of reperfusion, all rats were sacrificed by cardiac puncture with a high volume of blood and left nephrectomy was performed. The parameters of oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines in the serum and tissues were analyzed and histopathological examination was performed to compare the groups. Results: Serum BUN and creatinine levels, which are indicators of kidney function, increased in Group II compared to Group I, which shows that ischemia occurred. (p <0.05). Likewise, it was seen that the increase in IL-6 and TNF-α, which are proinflammatory cytokines, and MDA and TOS levels, which are indicators of oxidative stress, were statistically significant in serum biochemical analysis. However, the decrease in IL-10 which are anti- inflammatory cytokine, was also statistically significant (p <0.05). When IR and IR+CARV groups were compared, it was seen that IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF- α values decreased and statistically significant in the group given (p <0.05). Again, a decrease in MDA, which is a product of lipid peroxidation, was observed (p <0.05). In histochemical measurements, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MDA and TOS values were also increased in the I/R group compared to the sham group and the results were statistically significant (p <0.05). In the same parameters, decrease in I/R+CARV group compared to I/R group was found statistically significant (p <0.05). However, it was found that the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was significantly higher in the I/R+CARV group compared to the I/R group (p <0.05). Histopathological examination revealed vacuolization and nucleus losses in kidney tubules due to ischemia in the I/R group. In the I/R+CARV group, it was found that vacuolization disappeared in the tubules. Conclusion: Carvacrol appears to have a positive effect on renal damage induced by renal I/R. in rats. It is thought that the anti-inflammatory properties of the drug may be at the forefront in this effect. However, although it also has positive effects on antioxidant parameters, more comprehensive studies are needed to reveal time and dose dependent effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Behçet's disease is an autoimmune, chronic, inflammatory, multisystemic disease. Although oral aphthae, genital ulcers, skin lesions and uveitis are commonly seen in the disease, vasculitis is the main pathological finding. There is no laboratory finding specific to Behçet's disease. The levels of various routine parameters such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein have been shown to be high in Behçet's disease, however, the change in these parameters is not always consistent with clinical activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Behçet's disease and ischemiamodified albumin, methylglyoxal and serum prolidase activity. Materials and Methods: 35 Behçet patients and 35 controls were included in to the study. Serum ischemia-modified albumin levels and prolidase activity were measured spectrophotometrically (Perkin Elmer Lambda 25 UV/Vis, US) and serum methylglyoxal levels were measured by Thermo Ultimate 3000 Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Results: In the Behcet group, serum ischemia-modified albumin (p <0.001), prolidase, methylglyoxal (p <0.001), neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (p = 0.011), platelet lymphocyte ratio (0.015), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p = 0.047), erythrocyte distribution width (p=0.021), neutrophil (p=0.007) levels were found to be significantly higher than the control group, whereas mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration value was found to be significantly lower than the control group (p = 0010). Conclusions: Serum ischemia modified albumin, methylglioxal levels and prolidase activity were statistically significantly different in the Behçet group compared to the control group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To prove whether the cannabinoid 2 receptor agonist has an anti-inflammatory effect in the model of Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) injury. Methods: Intestinal ischemia and reperfusion model was created in rats. The cannabinoid 2 receptor agonist (AM-1241) was given through the abdominal vein (iv) just before creating ischemia and reperfusion. Afterwards, evans blue was applied iv. The transition of evans blue to the tissues was seen with the naked eye. Immediately after this stage, the systemic blood circulation pool was emptied properly. Tissues were incubated at formamide for 48 hours after weighing, and measurements were made at a wavelength of 620 nm on a spectrophotometer. Results: About 803% evans blue escape was observed in the I/R group compared to the sham control group. The difference between the I/R and the I/R+CB2 agonist is that the agonist holds proteins and reduces the transition of protein and evans blue to tissue fluid. Conclusions: The cannabinoid 2 receptor agonist was found to inhibit the escape of protein from both the ileum and the distant organ (lung) capillaries, and thus showed antiinflammatory effect in the ileum I/R injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Despite recent advances in medical support and interventions, only 5% to 10% of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survive to discharge. In this study, factors related to neurologically favorable survival in patients with OHCA were analyzed. Methods: A total of 129 patients who were admitted to hospital with OHCA were retrospectively enrolled. Results: Sustained return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) (ROSC lasting >20 min) was achieved in 29 (22.4%) patients. Percentage of cardiac arrests with ischemic etiology was significantly higher in successful ROSC group (p

Objective: Oxidative stress is defined as the imbalance in pro-oxidative and anti-oxidative systems in favor of oxidation, and it is held responsible for numerous pathologies including ischemia/reperfusion injury. Exogenous antioxidants are of benefit to the restoration of the redox balance. Tribulusterrestris L. (devil's weed) is a medicinal herb, rich in flavonoids and saponins that exert strong anti-oxidant actions. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of Tribulus extract on the redox balance in ovarian, renal and cerebral reperfusion injury. Method: Female Wistar albino rats were either received Tribulus or physiological saline and undergone to ovarian, renal or cerebral ischemia for 60 minutes followed by a 60-minute-long reperfusion. Total anti-oxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) were estimated in the mentioned tissues. Results: Tribulus was found to reduce TOS in ovaries, kidneys and brain as compared with the animals in which only reperfusion injury was generated (respectively, p<0.001, p=0.004 and p=0.035). Meanwhile, a decrease in OSI, a pivotal indicator of the redox balance, was acquired with Tribulus administration in all three tissues compared with the animals in which only reperfusion injury was generated (ovary: p<0.001, kidney: p=0.007 and brain: p=0.002). Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that Tribulus possesses a strong anti-oxidant effect even in highly oxidative environment of reperfusion injury. Since oxidative stress participates in the destructive process in reperfusion injury, the stress-limiting feature of Tribulus can offer a use against the reperfusion injury through supporting maintenance of the redox balance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease is frequently seen with critical leg ischemia. Despite the benefits of pharmacological agents in the lesions, the most effective treatment method is revascularization. In this study, we aimed to compare the results of drug-eluting balloon and standard balloon endovascular treatment methods. Material and Methods: One hundred and ninety-six patients who underwent infrapopliteal revascularization in Cardiovascular Surgery clinic in Namık Kemal University Hospital between January 2015 and June 2017 were included in the study. During the study, 100 patients were treated with drug-eluting balloon (DEB) (Lutonix, Bard, USA), while 96 patients were treated with standard balloon (PTA) (Nanocross, Medtronic, USA). The one-year patency rates were compared between the two groups. The patients were followed up at 1st, 3rd, 6th and 12th months after the procedure and followed by Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) measurements and Rutherford classification. Results: Eighty three female and 113 male patients were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 63.56±11.21. The median Rutherford classification was 4 (3-5) in the drug-eluting group according to the Rutherford classification and 4 (3-5) in the naked balloon group. During the 12-month follow-up period, limb salvage rate was 82.0% (n=82) in drug-eluting balloons and this rate was found to be 65.6% (n=63) in naked balloon group. In terms of amputation rates, the drug-eluting balloon group was found to be statistically superior (p=0.009). Conclusion: In this study, 12-month patency rates were found to be superior to naked balloons at 12-month patency rates and clinical follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pneumatosis intestinalis is radiologically diagnosed through the detection of intramural gas in the intestines. While 15% of the cases have been evaluated to be primary or pneumatosis intestinalis of unknown causes, the rest of the cases appear secondarily to various other diseases. The 44-year-old male patient, who had been in the follow-up program for chronic renal failure, presented with complaints of abdominal pain. The patient's computerized abdominal tomography results revealed air images in some segments of the small bowel wall. The patient was diagnosed with peritonitis related to peritoneal dialysis accompanied by primary pneumatosis intestinalis and he was discharged without any problems following medical treatment. While pneumatosis intestinalis can develop due to a disease which can be treated in outpatient conditions in some cases, it can sometimes prove to be a sign of fatal diseases if surgical intervention is delayed. It is significant to evaluate this finding as a whole with the patient's complaints, medical history, comorbid conditions, physical examination and laboratory results, and other radiological analyses in order to prevent delays in diagnosis and to offer accurate treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a machine that undertakes the role of these organs in life-threatening conditions of the heart and lung. Many complications can be seen during ECMO treatment. We will discuss the development and management of leg ischemia due to peripheral catheters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Idiopathic isolated cecal necrosis is a clinical problem characterized by right-sided inferior abdominal pain. It is rarely seen, develops due to decreased blood flow to the colon and, imitates acute appendicitis. Its clinical signs are similar to many illnesses causing sensitivity in the right inferior quadrant and, the diagnosis is generally determined during surgery. An 86-year-old male patient presented with the complaints of abdominal pain, trichiniasis, nausea and vomiting. Surgical intervention was decided when physical examination and laboratory results were taken into consideration. After diagnostic laparoscopy, right hemicolectomy was performed because of cecal necrosis. While the mortality and morbidity rates for ischemic bowel disease are high, prognosis for early diagnosed patients with isolated cecal necrosis is better, provided that timely surgical treatment is decided.

Background and Design: Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) is a biomarker, which is an indicator of ischemia and oxidative stress, and measured by the albumin cobalt binding test. Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most important cause of hair loss in males. Hair loss that is affected by androgenic hormones, age, and ethnic, family and environmental factors, may lead to psychological, social and physical problems in some individuals. The aim of the present study was to investigate the factors affecting AGA, and the correlation between AGA and IMA. Materials and Methods: Fifty male patients with AGA aged 18-35 years and 30 males of similar age without AGA were included in the study. Patients with AGA stage 3 or higher were included in the study group. Blood samples were collected after a 12-hour fasting period. Blood glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride, insulin, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S), and albumin levels were analyzed using an autoanalyzer. IMA values were evaluated using a MINDRAY BS 2000 autoanalyzer. Results: A total of 80 individuals were included in the study. There was no significant difference in mean age (p=0.179), body mass index (p=0.847), DHEA-S (p=0.247), testosterone (p=0.874), lipid profile [triglyceride (p=0.086), total cholesterol (p=0.492), HDL (p=0.993), LDL (p=0.544)], insulin resistance (p=0.399) and IMA (p=0.976) between study group and control group. Additionally, a family history of alopecia was found to be significantly higher in the study group (p=0.000). Moreover, there was a positive correlation between AGA grade and insulin resistance (r=0.296; p=0.037). Conclusion: AGA, which leads to many cosmetic and psychosocial problems, was more frequent in individuals with a family history of alopecia; also, there was a positive correlation between AGA stage and insulin resistance. On the other hand, there was no significant correlation between AGA and IMA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Reconstructive Urology is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Hypoxia, perfusion pressure changes, systemic hypertension, vasospasm, increase in blood viscosity and small vessels’ resistance may cause ischemia in Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). The aim of this study is to assess the effect of hypoxia on the eye (choroidal and corneal thicknesses) in patients with OSAS. Materials and Methods: In this observational study age and gendermatched 20 severe, 17 modarate, 16 mild OSAS patients without any comorbidity and a control group of 16 healthy subjects were examined with spectral-domain optic coherence tomography (OCT). The central corneal thickness (CCT), subfoveal, and temporal and nasal choroidal thicknesses of the patients were measured by OCT. Results: The mean age of OSAS patients was 52.3±10.6 and 48.8±12.1 in control subjects. Female and male patients made up 23.1% and 76.9%, respectively. The mean CCT of OSAS patients was 560.2±31.1/563.5±29.1 μm, whereas the mean CCT was 560.6±30.4/567.1±28.2 μm in control group (p=0.52/p=0.29). There were significant differences (p<0.001) in choroidal thickness (severe: 228.3±16.8/240.5±17.8; moderate: 236.0±21.6/232.4±18.5; mild: 241.3±23.6/242.6±20.9; control: 267.8±18.6/271.6±18,6 μm) between patients and control groups who were separated by their OSAS severity. Conclusion: In our study choroidal thickness became thinner with increasing OSAS severity. On the other hand, corneal thickness did not seem to be affected from OSAS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Percheron artery syndrome is characterized by infarction at the paramedian nucleus of the thalamus and mesencephalon. Its classical triad comprises altered mental status with various clinical findings ranging from confusion to coma, restricted vertical gaze, and impaired memory. In this study, three cases of occlusion of the Percheron's artery were presented along with their clinical and magnetic resonance findings. Their treatment additionally included infusion of amantadine, and its positive effect on the prognosis was assessed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blunt injury to the neck region may lead to carotid artery dissection and cerebral ischemia. Blunt injury to carotid artery is not frequent but determination of the presence of trauma in the history of stroke patients will provide early diagnosis and treatment of them. In this article, a case with cerebral ischemia resulting from traumatic carotid artery dissection is presented and clinical findings, diagnostic procedures and choice of treatment are discussed in the light of the literature.

Nonarteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is the most common acute opticneuropathy in people older than 50 years. The clinic condition is caused by infarction of the laminar or retrolaminar portion of the optic nerve head supplied by the short posterior ciliary arteries. The underlying aetiology and pathophysiology is poorly elucidated. Most treatments proposed for NAION are empirical and include a wide spectrum of agents presumed to effect on thrombosis, on the blood vessels, on the disc edema, or on the neuroprotection. Currently, there is no proven effective long-term treatment for this disorder. The aim of this review is to discuss the traditional treatment methods and current innovations in the nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The effect of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) infusion on left ventricle hemodynamic responses following low flow ischemia and the role of exercise in this effect were investigated in this study. Material and methods: All rats were applied low flow ischemia during 60 minutes and reperfusion during 120 minutes. Ischemia and reperfusion were applied for Exercise (E) groups throughout five consecutive days following Walking exercise. Two groups which were applied 0.1 µM/L ANP at the first 15 minutes of exercise constituted ANP (n=6) and Exercise-ANP (n=6) groups. Left ventricle developed pressure (LVDP), maximum-minimum rates of change in left ventricular pressure (+dP/dtmax and -dP/dt) were recorded in all groups. Results: When SVGB, +dp/dt, -dp/ dt and heart rate values of LVDP, dP/dtmax and dP/dtmin were compared before ischemia and after at 1st, 60th and 120th minutes of reperfusion a statistically significant difference was not observed among groups. Similarly, when percent values of infarct areas were compared a statistically significant difference was not found among four groups. Conclusion: Short duration and intense exercise may not affect the alterations occurred at cardiac contractility resulted from ANP application in reperfusion period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Percheron artery syndrome is characterized by infarction at the paramedian nucleus of the thalamus and mesencephalon. Its classical triad comprises altered mental status with various clinical findings ranging from confusion to coma, restricted vertical gaze, and impaired memory. In this study, three cases of occlusion of the Percheron's artery were presented along with their clinical and magnetic resonance findings. Their treatment additionally included infusion of amantadine, and its positive effect on the prognosis was assessed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Percheron artery syndrome is characterized by infarction at the paramedian nucleus of the thalamus and mesencephalon. Its classical triad comprises altered mental status with various clinical findings ranging from confusion to coma, restricted vertical gaze, and impaired memory. In this study, three cases of occlusion of the Percheron's artery were presented along with their clinical and magnetic resonance findings. Their treatment additionally included infusion of amantadine, and its positive effect on the prognosis was assessed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of liver ischemia/ reperfusion injury. Thus, antioxidant treatment can be protective against to liver ischemia/ reperfusion injury. The aim of this study to investigate the effects of α-lipoic acid and L-carnitine on liver total oxidant status, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, neutrophil infiltration and hepatic necrosis in liver ischemia/reperfusion model. Methods: Wistar albino male rats were divided into four groups randomly: Sham (n=7), ischemia/ reperfusion (n=7), α-lipoic acid (n=8) and L-carnitine (n=8). α-Lipoic acid (100 mg/kg) and L-carnitine (100 mg/kg) were given intraperitoneally to α-lipoic acid group 15 minutes before and to L-carnitine group 30 minutes before ischemia/reperfusion protocol, respectively. To induce hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury, ischemia (60 minutes) and reperfusion (30 minutes) were applied to all groups except sham group. Total oxidant status, malondialdehyde, advanced oxidation protein products and myeloperoxidase levels were measured in ischemic lobes of liver tissues. Hepatic necrosis was scored microscopically. Results: There was no significant change in myeloperoxidase levels as an indicator of neutrophil infiltration after reperfusion procedure. Both L-carnitine and α-lipoic acid caused a significant decrease in hepatic necrosis. While L-carnitine prevents an increase in total oxidant status, lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, α-lipoic acid prevents only an increase in lipid peroxidation of the liver in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. Conclusion: As a result; we can report that L-carnitine and α-lipoic acid have protective effects against to hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We evaluated the risk factors, demographic, clinical and etiological characteristics of patients with total anterior circulation infarct (TACI). In this study, we aimed to elucidate the impact of gender-based differences on these parameters. Methods: A total of 74 patients with TACI were enrolled in the study. 38 (51.3%) patients were female and 36 (48.6%) were male. We compared the age, previous stroke, prestroke modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores, National Health Interview Survey (NIHSS ) scores according to The National Institute of Health Stroke scale, Glasgow coma score (GCS) and mRS at the time of admission, risk factors, etiological subtypes of stroke, topography of infarcts, the rate of neurologic and systemic complications, length of hospital stay, the rate of death, and the causes of mortality between genders. Results: The frequency of recurrent stroke, the frequency of diabetes mellitus and systemic complications were significantly more common in females. Female patients had also higher median length of hospital stay than men. Conclusion: The result of the present study indicated that female gender has a negative effect on clinical outcome of TACI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Percheron artery syndrome is characterized by infarction at the paramedian nucleus of the thalamus and mesencephalon. Its classical triad comprises altered mental status with various clinical findings ranging from confusion to coma, restricted vertical gaze, and impaired memory. In this study, three cases of occlusion of the Percheron's artery were presented along with their clinical and magnetic resonance findings. Their treatment additionally included infusion of amantadine, and its positive effect on the prognosis was assessed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine ischemic lesions throughout the brain parenchyma in patients diagnosed with migraine with magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion technique, evaluate vascular architecture and possible abnormalities with MR perfusion technique and to compare these values with healthy individuals within a similar age group. Material and Method: A total of 45 migraine patients in interictal period (19 patients were diagnosed with migraine with aura) with ages between 19 and 70 (mean age 37.89±12.138) and 21 healthy volunteers with ages between 24 and 62 (mean age 36.95±13.77) were included in the study. Conventional MRI, diffusion and perfusion MRI scans were obtained. Results: Hyperintense ischemic foci were found in 35.6% of the patients. These lesions were scattered throughout the whole brain parenchyma, with more intensity at corona radiata and the frontal lobe. No pathologic findings were found in diffusion-weighted images and there were no significant differences in ADC values between the patients and the control group (p>0.05). MR perfusion studies in migraineurs demonstrated a decrease in Cerebral Blood Flow (rCBF), prolonged Mean Transit Time (MTT) and Time to Peak (TTP) at occipital cortex, prolonged TTP at occipital white matter, centrum semiovale, cerebellum, bilateral pons, bitemporal white matter and thalamus, decreased rCBF and prolonged MTT at bilateral corona radiata, prolonged MTT at right frontal white matter, prolonged MTT and decreased rCBF and Cerebral Blood Volume (rCBV) at cerebellar cortex. Discussion: In migraine patients, changes in cerebral vascular structures that occur as a consequence of physiopathological events during interictal periods can be evaluated with MR perfusion and MR diffusion. Further studies comparing both ictal and interictal periods are required to confirm these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 67-year-old female patient who had lower quadrant pain for a week was assessed with abdominal CT and colonoscopy. Computed tomography revealed diffuse tumoral wall thickness in 10 cm segment of distal ascending colon. There was 13x9 mm in size a necrotic space in the central of lesion. Mesenteric adipose tissue was seen as heterogeneous. CT findings were evaluated as T3 colon tumor. Neither lymph node or liver metastases or mesenteric vascular pathology were seen. Colonoscopy demonstrated bloody, vegetan mass which did not let the endoscope pass. Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy was performed. After surgery, there was no tumor in histopathologic examination. Microscopy revealed chronic inflammation and findings of closed perforation. There was no lymph node involvement. The patient had history of using NSAID for two months. This pathology was diagnostically challenging because of its similar endoscopic and CT findings with ischemic, inflammatory/ infectious bowel disease or neoplasia. Hence this pathology should be kept in mind in order to differentiate the diagnosis, especially in patients with a history of NSAID use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the rare causes of ischemic stroke is a trombosis in the lumen of intracranial aneurysms. Intracranial aneurysms are divided according to their shapes; saccular or fusiform. Thrombosis, which causes stroke are seen often in giant saccular or giant fusiform aneurysms. They can be found in the lumen with varying size and when they are unstable, thromboembolic events can be consisted. Spontaneous thrombosis can rarely occur in the small diamentional saccular aneurysms except for the giant aneurysms. In this article, in a patient who has multiple small diamentional saccular aneurysms with recurrent ischemic stroke are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Nilvadipine is a dihydropyridine-type calcium channel blocker with emanating neuroprotective properties in various models of neuronal diseases. This study aimed at investigating the prophylactic effect of nilvadipine on memory impairment and hippocampal malodialdehyde (MDA) levels in global brain ischemia model induced by 4-vessel occlusion ischemia (4-VO) in rat. Materials and methods: The 4-VO ischemia was induced in Wistar rats by occluding the vertebral arteries permanently by cauterization. The common carotid arteries were twice occluded bilaterally for 10 minute at 60 minute interval. One week after 4-VO the memory was evaluated measuring the correct and error choices in 8-armed radial maze. The ischemia-reperfusion-induced damage was evaluated measuring level of MDA in the hippocampus using thiobarbituric acid method. The study involved three groups: sham, ischemia-control and ischemia nilvadipin. Nilvadipine (3.2 mg/kg/day) was administered for 7 days prior to 4-VO Results: The 4-VO impaired memory performance by decreasing the correct choices (long term-reference memory) and increasing the error choices (short term-working memory) (p<0,001). Nilvadipine improved the performance by increasing the correct choices (p<0.002) and decreasing the error choices (p<0.05). Nilvadipine decreased (p<0.001) the elevated MDA induced by 4-VO. Conclusion: The prophylactic treatment with nilvadipine improved memory impairment and reduced the elevated hippocampal MDA induced by 4-VO. The prophylactic use of nilvadipine could be beneficial for inhibiting the ischemia related memory impairment in risky patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 47-year-old female patient was admitted to our clinic with the chief complaint of sudden onset visual loss in the right eye that had occurred 25 years ago. Her visual acuity was count fingers OD and was 1.0 OS with the Snellen chart. The anterior segment evaluation showed normal OU. There was optic atrophy in the OD and the fundus examination showed a normal OS. There was a relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) in the OD. The patient had had two still-births and two normal deliveries in her past medical history. A laboratory work-up was performed with a preliminary diagnosis of nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy and mutations were found in the methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and p-fibrinogen genes. Younger patients with NAION should be examined for thromboembolic diseases and preventive measures should be taken if any diseases are found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Acute abdominal pain is a common cause of admission to the emergency department. Differential diagnosis of abdominal pain is not easy for the emergency physician. In this study, the results of physical examination, blood biochemical analysis and radiological imaging in patients presenting to the emergency department with abdominal pain were evaluated. These findings were compared with the literature. Material and Methods: This study was designed as a cross-sectional descriptive study. One hundred and sixty-six patients were included. Patient physical examination findings, amylase, D-dimer and leukocyte values and radiological and surgical findings were evaluated. Results: All patients had abdominal physical examination findings. Seventy- two (43.4%) patients had only abdominal sensitivity, 33 (28%) patients showed gall bladder pathology by ultrasound and no pathology was found in 36 patients (30.7%). A mass was determined in three (8.1%) of 37 (22.3%) patients, appendicitis in four (10.8%), gall bladder pathology in three (8.1%), ileus-volvulus in four (10.8%) and mesenteric ischemia in six (16.2%) patients who were examined by abdominal tomography. Conclusion: Despite advances in imaging and laboratory techniques, the great majority of cases with acute abdominal pain cannot be definitively diagnosed, as in this study, and are evaluated as non-specific abdominal pain. The fact that selected cases are transferred to the center where the investigation is performed may create a discrepancy with the literature. In this study, the frequency of gall duct-related diseases was higher than in the literature and cases of acute appendicitis were much less frequent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Cerebrovascular diseases are the most common causes of morbidity and mortality. The ischemic type is the most common and most fatal o among the all cerebrovasculer diseases. In patients having silent cerebral ischemia the incidence of ischemic infarction is ten times greater than in the normal population. The treatment modalities are not efficient after the cerebral infarct has occurred. For this reason academic studies are gaining importance for the determination of risk factors, primary and secondary prophylaxis, early diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation. Cerebrovascular diseases are also the most common major causes of death in hemodialysis patients. The effect of dialysis treatment and chronic renal failure disease on the development of cerebral ischemia and infarct has not been explained, In this study we analyzed the prevalence of silent cerebral ischemia and infarct in the cronic renal failure patients having hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis treatment, using magnetic resonance imaging. Material and Methods: The study included 30 patients with hemodialysis, 40 patients with peritoneal dialysis and control group of 50 patients admitted to emergency department due to complaints other than neurological ones. Results: Although the case and control groups having similar demographical properties and risk factors, the prevalence of silent cerebral ischemia and infarct is determined as significantly increased in the chronic renal failure patient group. Conclusion: It is determined by MR that chronic renal failure has significant effects on developing cerebral ischemia and infarct. These findings showed us chronic renal failiure is an important risk factor for developing cerebral ischemic stroke. Additional clinical and experimental studies are needed on this subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of this study is assessment of eight children who were operated on our clinic between 2010 and 2012 for replantation or revascularization of amputation at the level of zone 2. Materials and methods: From June 2010 to February 2012 eight children, aged between 3 and 15, were operated in our department with zone 2 amputations. Types of amputations were crash injury in 4 children and gyotin type regular amputation in 4 children. Mean ischemia time of the amputates was 3,5 hours (range 1,5-8 hours). In 5 children successful replantation were achieved but in 3 children the replantation was failed because of insufficient circulation despite recurrent anastomosis. Papaverin was used preoperatively in all cases. Mean follow-up period was 9 months (range 2-16 months). Results: Local administration of papaverin facilitates the replantation with promoting vasodilatation meaningfully. In addition, solutions used preoperatively such as lidocain, heparin, warm irrigation solutions (mean 28°C 0,9% NaCl) and also postoperatively administration of low molecular weight dextran and heparin, acetyl salicylic acid, pentoxyphyllin increase the success rate of replantation. Another important factor is also short of mean ischemia time. Conclusion: Some tools and methods are essential for management of the replantation at zone 2 in pediatrics such as, a good magnification, sensitive microsurgery equipment, 10/0-11/0 micro-sutures, effective vasodilatation per-operatively, adequate bone shortening and surgical exploration and close follow-up postoperatively. Postoperative rehabilitation is also an obligation to increase the success of the replantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]