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Copyright of Turkish Culture & Haci Bektas Veli Research Quarterly is the property of Turkish Cultur & Haci Bektas Veli Research Quarterly and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Erdem is the property of Ataturk Kultur Merkezi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ataturk Yolu Journal / Atatürk Yolu Dergisi is the property of Ataturk Yolu Journal / Ataturk Yolu Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Humanitas: International Journal of Social Sciences / Uluslararasi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Humanitas: International Journal of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turcology Research is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sakarya University Journal of Law Faculty (SHD) is the property of Sakarya University Journal of Law Faculty (SHD) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of TESAM Academy Journal is the property of Tesam Academy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of TYB Akademi Dil Edebiyat & Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Turkiye Yazarlar Birligi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Community & Physician / Toplum ve Hekim is the property of Turk Tabipleri Birligi / Turkish Medical Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Recent developments have brought the debate on the recognition of states back to surface. Starting with the admission of former Soviet states to the international community, debates reached the highest point during the Yugoslavia's disintegration process. New conditions imposed on the states, seceded from Yugoslavia raised doubts about declaratory nature of recognition, which was dominant in theory, and strengthened the hand of constitutive theory. Many studies on recognition have focused on whether recognition is constitutive or declaratory, which has pushed the practical dimension of recognition into the background. However, in practice, the recognition of states is not a simple process as it seems. It has political-economic meanings, along with legal ones. The transformations that the capitalist state form has undergone in history, together with its reflections in international law, have a great impact on the issue of recognition as well. The unilateral secession of Kosovo from Serbia has revealed this aspect of recognition, in other words, its connection with imperialist policies. The developments in Donetsk and Luhansk, which are among the current issues on the international agenda today, are also the result of imperialist policies based on the Kosovo example. As the Western states did in Kosovo, the notion of recognition was used by Russia in Ukraine to realize its regional interests. The method of resorting to the law of occupation, which was more frequently used by US imperialism after the September 11 attacks, has been used by Russia in Ukraine in order to reassert its regional power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of PRAKSIS is the property of PRAKSIS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ottoman Legacy Studies (OMAD) / Osmanlı Mirası Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Journal of Ottoman Legacy Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tarih ve tarih felsefesi kavramları ile ilgili geçmişten günümüze birçok tanımlama yapılmış, farklı görüşler ve anlayışlar ortaya konmuştur. Modern tarih bilimi anlayışının temelleri özellikle aydınlanma dönemiyle birlikte atılmaya başlanmıştır. Aydınlanma döneminden günümüze kadar geçen süreçte, tarihin bir amacının olduğu ve bu amaca doğru ilerleyen bir süreç olduğu görüşünü savunan tarihçiler, filozoflar ve düşünürler olmuştur. Francis Fukuyama da bu görüşü benimsemiş ve liberal demokrasi anlayışının dünya genelinde kabul gören en ideal yönetim anlayışı olduğunu, tarihin amacına ulaştığını iddia ederek tarihin sonu tezini ortaya koymuştur. Liberal demokrasi anlayışının sosyalizm, monarşi ve faşizm gibi yönetim şekilleri karşısında mutlak zaferini ilan etmiştir. Bu anlayışın evrenselleşmesinin önünde engel olarak gördüğü devletlerin, ulus inşası veya devlet inşası olarak adlandırdığı uygulamalarla kontrol altına alınması ve sistemin parçası haline getirilmesi gerektiğini savunmuştur. Bunun uygulayıcısı olarak da Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD)’ni görmüştür. Demokrasi, özgürlük ve insan hakları gibi söylemlerle toplumların etki altına alınmasını ve liberal ekonomik düzenin kurucusu ABD’nin dünyada tek hâkim güç olmasını hedeflemiştir. Literatür analizine dayalı nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak hazırlanan bu çalışmanın amacı, tarih ve tarih felsefesi üzerine yapılan tanımlardan yola çıkarak, özellikle ilerlemeci tarih anlayışında tarihin sonu kavramından kastedilenin ne olduğunu açıklamak, günümüzde bu görüşün önde gelen savunucularından olan Fukuyama’nın aslında neyi amaçladığının anlaşılmasına katkı sağlamaktır.

Copyright of Community & Physician / Toplum ve Hekim is the property of Turk Tabipleri Birligi / Turkish Medical Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Hacettepe Law Review is the property of Hacettepe Law Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tarih İncelemeleri Dergisi is the property of Tarih Incelemeleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Erdem is the property of Ataturk Kultur Merkezi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Manchester School focused on the contribution of international trade to peace while developing economic views that could improve the financial expectations of individuals in the goal of political and social progress. As trade and economy grow, people will be connected, and political methods and diplomacy will develop. The self-glorification of nations, which hinder the development of political solutions, the feelings of chauvinism and nationalism may turn into a more moderate attitude. The aim of the article is to evaluate the views and solution proposals of the Manchester School and Richard Cobden on the realizability of world peace, which discuss how states steer international politics in order to gain political and economic national power and to hide the problems in their own national / domestic policies. The Manchester School claims that mercantilism, protectionism and the power of the aristocratic class, which are the foundations of its domestic policies, were reinforced by wars. The proposed solutions are the development of free trade, the development of international co-operation, the abolition of protectionism and arbitration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of bilig: Journal of Social Sciences of the Turkish World is the property of bilig: Journal of Social Sciences of the Turkish World and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ataturk Arastirma Merkezi Dergisi is the property of Ataturk Arastirma Merkezi Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Universal Journal of History & Culture is the property of Universal Journal of History & Culture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of ROL Sport Sciences / ROL Spor Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Journal of ROL Sport Sciences / ROL Spor Bilimleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kurulmasını sağlayan Millî Mücadele düşman işgaline karşı askeri mücadele ile birlikte siyasi mücadeleyi ve diplomasiyi de kapsamaktadır. Millî Mücadele, Türk milletinin emperyalizme karşı bağımsızlık mücadelesi olarak Mustafa Kemal Atatürk’ün belirlediği ve karakteri ile özdeşleştirdiği Millî Bağımsızlık ilkesi rehberliğinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Millî Mücadele’nin temel metinlerinin dış politika ile ilgili maddelerinde milli bağımsızlığa doğrudan atıflar bulunmaktadır. Millî Mücadele dönemi Türk dış politikası Mîsâk-ı Millî ile ilan edilen hedefleri gerçekleştirmeye yönelik gerçekçi, dengeli ve pragmatik bir yaklaşıma sahiptir. Mustafa Kemal Paşa, süreç boyunca tam bağımsız bir devlet kurmayı amaçlayan millî dış politika sürdürmüştür. Atatürk’ün dış politikaya ilişkin görüş ve düşünceleri öğrencilik yıllarından itibaren gelişmeye başlamış, Millî Mücadele döneminde ise uygulama safhasına geçmiştir. Bu dönem boyunca onun düşünceleri yeni Türk devletinin ana programını belirlemiştir. Tam bağımsızlık, millî egemenlik ilkelerinden taviz vermemek koşulu ile yurtta ve dünyada barış onun temel dış politika yaklaşımı olmuştur. Mustafa Kemal Paşa’nın diplomasi anlayışı ekonomi, sanat, siyaset, kültür ve eğitim alanlarında iş birliğine açık olup durağan değildir. İstiklal Harbi döneminde uygulanan Türk dış politikasının millî bağımsızlık ilkesinin anlaşılması günümüz diplomasisine rehberlik etmesi bakımından da önem taşımaktadır.

‘Kalemin Dansı Göstergenin Oyunu Seküler Emperyalist Epistemoloji’ başlığını taşıyan ve Mısırlı Müslüman düşünür Abdülvahab M. el-Messiri tarafından kaleme alınan bu kitap, yazarın 1994-2006 yılları arasında modernite, sekülarizm, emperyalizm ve çağdaş Batı medeniyeti üzerine kaleme aldığı dört ayrı makalesinden oluşmaktadır. Geliştirdiği kavram setleriyle moderniteyi “kapsamlı sekülarizm”in bütün dünyaya ihraç edildiği bir süreç, postmoderniteyi ise onun bir alt ya da üst aşaması olarak tanımlayan Messiri, dünyanın nihai anlam ve değerlerle yeniden buluşturulmasına yönelik özgün ve öncü bir çabayı temsil etmektedir.

This study addresses a significant issue of our time, which pertains to the lack of connection between the scholars and their works who have paid a price politically, intellectually, and practically in their respective eras, with the contemporary seekers of knowledge. In this context, the aim of this paper is to introduce the work titled "Mecâlisü't-Tezkir" by Abdülhamid b. Bâdîs, a prominent figure known for his scholarly persona and reformist identity. The work is a compilation of the author's Qur'anic lectures, wherein he employs a distinctive methodology to interpret certain verses of the Qur'an. Through this interpretive endeavor, Ibn Bâdîs sought solutions to societal issues, such as colonialism, by drawing on the Qur'an and authentic Sunnah, and endeavored to enlighten the society accordingly. He contributed to various journals, which served as the media outlets of the time, and delivered lectures in mosques. Esteemed by many scholars, the author initiated a significant awakening movement in colonial society, placing emphasis on matters of belief, practice, and ethics. He consistently addressed the problems faced by Muslims in general and Tunisian Muslims in particular. Notably, he adopted a firm stance against ideologies that undermined the unity of Muslims, subjected them to colonial domination, and incited dogmatism. This study aims to present a comprehensive overview of the author and his work, considering various aspects [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of bilig: Journal of Social Sciences of the Turkish World is the property of bilig: Journal of Social Sciences of the Turkish World and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Social & Cultural Research (SKAD) is the property of Journal of Social & Cultural Research (SKAD) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study focused on the trip of the Japanese Captain Haroshiya Hirayama, who entered the Ottoman Country in the last days of 1906 as a result of the desire of the Japanese State to define the Near East, from Istanbul to Basra. During this trip, which the Japanese state carried out for imperial purposes, the Japanese captain visited what points in the geographies of Anatolia, Syria and Iraq, what relationships he could develop with the social structures of these places, and what meanings the superpowers of the era, such as Germany and Great Britain, especially the Ottoman State, attached to such special trips in his particular work was particularly focused on. Although the study devotes itself to studying all these subheadings, it also aimed to open a window from Türkiye to Far Eastern studies using archival materials in Türkiye. Thus, with this method, a bunch of the history of the Far Eastern states that have not been studied much in Türkiye was presented and it was desirable that more researchers would be directed to this area by setting an example. Finally, the study criticized the belief that the phenomenon of imperialism is a duty only for the European states and opened the discussion of the thesis that the states located in the Far East also act with this mission from time to time in the historical process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute / Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Journal of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article will present a comparative examination of the research approaches used by two Ottoman scholars from the same discipline, one of whom lived in Marash in the 12th century, the other in Manisa in the 10th century. Sachaklizade Mehmet Mar’ashī (d. 1150/1737) was known for his mastery of the science of Quranic recitation and its phonetics not only in his region but within all the Islamic lands. His work has been carefully studied, analysed and is widely acknowledged. The latter scholar on the other hand, Ebu’l-Munteha Ahmed b. Muhammed Magnīsī (d. 1000/1592) is an unknown scholar who also contributed to the same field. He was associated with Manisa, a town that could be considered the centre of the empire during the golden age of Ottoman recitation studies. A great similarity is evident in both their work regarding the points and manners of articulation and hence, the phonetics of the Quran, and this similarity can be analysed by examining both works. It is noteworthy that the information presented in Mar’ashī’s famous works, Cuhdu’l-Mukıl and Beyanu Cuhdi’l-Mukıl, can be seen in Magnīsī’s Terceme-i Cezerī. In particular, the fact that the original ideas, which are said to belong to Mar’ashī by researchers in the field, are observed in the treatise of Magnīsī, whose death date is 150 years before him, has made it necessary to compare the treatises of these two scholars, to analyze their sources and to evaluate them together. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Abant Social Sciences / Abant Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Journal of Abant Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tetkik is the property of Oku Okut Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Social Sciences Institute / Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Bingol University / Rectorate and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Modern Turkish History Studies / Çagdas Türkiye Tarihi Arastirmalari Dergisi is the property of Journal of Modern Turkish History Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Modern Turkish History Studies / Çagdas Türkiye Tarihi Arastirmalari Dergisi is the property of Journal of Modern Turkish History Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

According to the master commemorative narrative of the EU, the European integration project represents a break with the violent European past characterised by fragmentation and nationalism, which culminated in World War Two and the crimes of Nazism and Stalinism. However, recent scholarship has criticised the omission of 19th and 20th-century European colonialism from the memory narratives advanced by the EU. In this article, I use the permanent exhibition in the House of European History (HEH) in Brussels to take this insight one step further and make two arguments. Firstly, I show that it is not only colonialism that is erased from official memory but, more broadly, empires and imperialism, although most European history over the past 2000 years was imperial. Secondly, I understand this 'imperial amnesia' as an anxiety-controlling mechanism aimed at reducing the dissonance between the self-proclaimed image of a normative and civilian power on the one hand and imperial-like tendencies in its behaviour on the other. Keywords: European Union, empire, memories, memory, history Avrupa Birligi'nin hakim hatira anlatisina gore; Avrupa entegrasyon projesi, Ikinci Dunya Savasi, Nazizim ve Stalinizmin suclariyla doruga cikan parcalanma ve milliyetcilikle sekillenen siddetli Avrupa gecmisini geride birakmayi temsil etmektedir. Fakat guncel calismalar; XIX. ve XX. yuzyildaki Avrupa somurgeciliginin, AB tarafindan gelistirilen bellek anlatilarindan cikarilmasini elestirmektedir. Bu makalede, Bruksel'deki Avrupa Tarihi Evi'ndeki daimi sergiyi bu gozlemi bir adim daha ileri goturmek ve iki arguman daha olusturmak icin kullaniyorum. Ilk olarak, son 2000 yildaki Avrupa tarihinin cogu emperyal olmasina ragmen, resmi bellekten silinenin sadece somurgecilik degil, daha genis anlamda imparatorluklar ve emperyalizm oldugunu gosteriyorum. Ikinci olarak ise, 'emperyal unutkanligi'ni, kendi kendini ilan eden normatif ve sivil bir guc imajiyla davranislarindaki emperyal benzeri egilimler arasindaki uyumsuzlugu azaltmayi amaclayan kaygi kontrol mekanizmasi olarak tasavvur ediyorum. Anahtar Kelimeler: Avrupa Birligi, imparatorluk, anilar, hafiza, tarih, Introduction In July 2007, Jose Manuel Barroso, the head of the European Commission (EC), compared 'the EU as a creation to the organization of empires. We have the dimension of [...]

Attempts were made to carry out the reform movements that started in the Ottoman Empire toward the mid-18th century with the support of experts brought over from Europe, which was thought to be militarily superior. In this regard, an influx of Europeans was seen to have occurred in the Empire, some who were invited and others who were not. The Scottish youth Patrick James Campbell was one of these characters who’d fled his homeland and whose path led him into Turkish lands after a while. Mustafa Resmî was an assistant to Baron de Tott, one of the important names of the military reform movements, and took various duties in the Corps of Bombardiers. He not only contributed to suppressing the internal riots in the Hejaz region with his knowledge of language but also fought against various enemies such as Austria, Russia, and France at several points in the Empire. This article aims to present some information about Mustafa Resmî (or İngiliz Mustafa) as obtained through the studies made in the Ottoman archives and to provide a more proper portrayal of Mustafa Resmî Efendi, who seems to have been confused with another British man, the famous lexicographer James W. Redhouse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute Journal is the property of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

German Romantic Period covers the years between 1798-1835. Around these dates two significant events took place: The French Revolution in 1789 and Goethe's death in 1832. Politically, the French Revolution profoundly influenced the Romantic ideas on the state and the people. Goethe, on the other hand, was especially influential on the Romantics with his works during the Sturm und Drang period. German Romanticism is divided into two periods as the Jenaer Romantic and the Heidelberger Romantic. The first type is more philosophical and the latter is more nationalistic and religious. Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff (1788-1857) is a writer associated with the Heidelberger Romantics, and his efforts to combine religion and art are evident in his works. Dealing with the themes such as travel to distant places, longing for homeland and love for an unknown person, which are among the motifs in romantic art, Eichendorrf, in a way, expressed his own longings. Eichendorff's novella bearing the title "Eine Meerfahrt" was written in 1836 but was published posthumously in 1864. In "Eine Meerfahrt", in which religious motifs are predominant, the traces of colonialism are also apparent. This study aims to, after touching upon important aspects of the Romantic Period, put forward romantic and colonialist elements in Eichendorrf's novella. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sociology, a discipline nearly 200 years old, dates back to 1914. The year that sociology was started to be taught in Dârülfünun is very significant for the institutionalization of sociology. However, sociological thought began penetrating the Ottoman world with the Tanzimat Era. Sociology, which was seen as an important tool in the solution of social problems in the disintegration of the Empire, was quickly adopted; circles of intellectuals that adopted different sociological perspectives emerged. Among these circles, the group formed in Thessaloniki between 1910 and 1912 made important contributions to the emergence of the discipline of sociology in terms of methodical knowledge production about society. Although Thessaloniki was a significant place in the development of Turkish sociological thought, it has not been adequately discussed. In this context, the study first reveals the social, economic, and political features that make Thessaloniki an intellectual center, discusses the intellectual milieu in the city, and then focuses on the sociological interest of The Thessaloniki Circle, and lastly evaluates the sociological thoughts that emerged in this context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sakarya University Journal of Law Faculty (SHD) is the property of Sakarya University Journal of Law Faculty (SHD) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mukaddime Journal is the property of Mukaddime Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The XIVth century was a period of political conflicts, civil wars and continual territorial losses for the Byzantine Empire. In this period, when they witnessed the fight for throne between Ioannes Kantakouzenos and Ioannes Palaiologos after the civil war between the two Andronikoi, Byzantium was in an enfeebled state in terms of political and economic power. It lacked the strength to defend its territory on its own. The Ottomans, on the other hand, had crossed to Gallipoli and started their conquests, which would leave the Byzantine Empire almost solely consisting of Istanbul. Demetrios Kydones has been an important member of the Byzantine administration for a long time in this process. He was highly respected by the emperors that he worked under and was able to influence the general policies of the empire. Demetrios Kydones has also written many works that are very valuable for both Byzantine history and Turkish history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Türk kadını, Millî Mücadele süresince ülkenin dört bir tarafında erkeklerden geri kalmayarak önemli uğraşlarda bulundu. Demokrasi ve huzur getirme adına Batılı emperyal güçlerin yaptığı haksızlıkları dünyaya duyurmak için tertip edilen mitinglere katıldı. Yaşanılan zulümlere dikkat çekmek için ilgili makamlara protesto telgrafları çekti. Cepheye çeşitli malzemeler taşıyarak ordunun lojistik ihtiyaçlarını karşıladı. Hatta bazı zamanlar düşmanla yüz yüze geldi. Buradan hareketle, söz konusu evrede Güneydoğu Anadolu’daki kadınların bir bölümü de Müdafaa-i Hukuk ruhuna yakışır biçimde vatanın bağımsızlığı için ciddi anlamda gayret gösterdi. Diyarbakır, Kilis, Siirt, Antep ve Urfa’da binlerce kadın, işgallerin kınandığı mitinglerde saf tuttu. Urfa-Viranşehir ve Diyarbakır-Silvan’dan kadınların yolladığı telgraflar bölgedeki milliyetçi kitlenin hissiyatlarına tercüman oldu. Bu sırada Antep’ten Van’a kadar uzanan alanda kadınlara yapılan işkence ve tecavüzler, Batı Anadolu’daki hemcinslerinin yaşadıklarından pek farklı değildi. Bütün bu olup bitenler esnasında gözünü budaktan sakınmayan kimi kadınlar doğrudan cepheye yardıma koştu. Onların bu cesareti erkeklere de örnek teşkil etti. Ulusal direniş yıllarında Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’ndeki kadın gayretinin ilk defa bir bütün halinde irdelendiği bu araştırmada, hiç gündeme getirilmemiş veya çok az dillendirilen şahsiyetlere değinildi.

Copyright of Tarih İncelemeleri Dergisi is the property of Tarih Incelemeleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Social Sciences Research / Sosyal Bilimler Arastirmalari Dergisi is the property of ODU Journal of Social Sciences Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Gaza Region, although it has lack of Jerusalem's cultural and religious features, it has always been the center of agriculture and commerce, and is thus often among the military conflicts of the empires. Today, the political and military clash between Palestine and Israel has become the focal point. In 2005, for the past 17 years following Israel's unilateral withdrawal from Gaza, Israel has been in various operations for several reasons. Between 2008-2014 years; three violent attacks, the asymmetrical power balance of the conflict, came to light. There are many studies in the literature that deal with different aspects of the Gaza issue. Systematically analyzing the existing literature, this research evaluates (i) why Israel decided to withdraw in 2005, (ii) the course of operations in the region during the 17 years after the decision to withdraw, and (iii) the legal status of Gaza at the current point. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contrary to common knowledge, science is contained within information; it is known that formation which established the science as a joint product of humanity rather than society owes its existence to systematic information transfer among populace. Some societies offer only their local values to this collective work, some others offer their contribution in ink in form of a synthesis derived from their experiences obtained from past empires. Individual self-awareness named as Dasein by Westerners or Dao by Chinese changes depending upon psychic and social circumstances of individuals and societies; and current circumstances, whatever they may be, affect presented contribution in terms of quantity, quality and effect. Within this regard, meanings expressed by phrases like halka inmek (to descend to public), halka çıkmak (to ascend to public), halkla birlikte olmak (to be together with public), whose significances have been changing depending on the concept of public from then until now, are important. Because of the fact that relation of this subject to approaches such as intertextuality, prison-house of language and hermeneutic, which are today's more influential work domains, will be researched in various studies; to descend to public will be referred to as invalid for social sciences and will be required to be altered to to ascend to public, and examples to this will be given under titles like evidential, classifications, joint naming taken straight from Turkish language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the early 20th century Russian Empire a number women-led riots called "Babi Bunty" manifested. The underlying reason of such actions was actually the economic outcome of the WWI. Famine and scarcity at the end of the war led women whose spouses were fighting to a number of spontaneous protests. The protests that in a short time reached even the furthest margins of the Empire, demonstrated their impact over South Caucasia, a significant part of the Empire. Baku, a substantial industrial city of the Empire became the epicenter of protests by February 1914. This study discusses the short history of these women-led riots and then it comprehensively analyzes the February protests in Baku by referring to contemporary memorandums and media coverage. The paper focuses on the aims of the rioting women and the reaction of local administrators to the protests. Moreover, such actions in the Russian Empire could be evaluated as a logical continuation of women's movements manifesting in the modern world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]