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Background and Design: Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. The monocyte/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio (MHR), neutrophil/HDL cholesterol ratio (NHR), and lymphocyte/HDL cholesterol ratio (LHR) are new inflammatory parameters associated with inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to compare MHR, NHR, and LHR between patients with rosacea and healthy controls and determine the relationship of these parameters with disease severity. Materials and Methods: The study retrospectively included 82 patients who presented to our hospital with rosacea and 82 healthy controls. The MHR, NHR, and LHR of the patient and control groups were calculated. Patients were divided into groups according to the clinical subtypes, disease severity, and presence of Demodex mites. Results: Of the 82 patients included in the study, 62 (75.6%) were female and 20 (24.4%) were male, and their mean age was 41.95±1.2 (22-65.43) years. The mean MHR values of the rosacea and control groups were 0.01±0.005 and 0.009±0.003, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.01). The mean NHR values of the rosacea and control groups were 0.10±0.05 and 0.08±0.02, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.04). The mean LHR values of the rosacea and control groups were 0.05±0.02 and 0.04±0.01, respectively, indicating no statistically significant difference (p>0.05). For the prediction of patients with rosacea, the cut-off MHR was calculated as 0.009 (67% sensitivity and 60% specificity) and that of NHR was 0.08 (64% sensitivity and 60% specificity). Conclusion: The results reveal that MHR and NHR parameters can be used as indicators of systemic inflammation in patients with rosacea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Turkish Journal of Public Health is the property of Turkish Journal of Public Health and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Firat Universitesi Saglik Bilimleri Veteriner Dergisi is the property of Firat Universitesiu, Saglik Bilimleri Enstitusu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: Atherosclerosis is a disease affecting the intimas of arteries. We aimed to investigate the presence of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with tinnitus as an etiologic factor of tinnitus. Methods: A total of 73 patients were included. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to the degree of sclerosis. Triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) levels were investigated. Tinnitus was questioned in patients. All patients have undergone a pure tone audiometry. Comperative statistical analysis was performed. Results: Tinnitus was seen in 79.5% of the patients and 20.5% of the patients had no tinnitus. Carotid stenosis of 1-49% degree was present in 16.4%, of 50-69% degree was present in 21.9%, and of 70% degree was present in 30.1% of the patients while 31.5% of the patients had no carotid stenosis. No significant association was present between carotid stenosis and the presence of tinnitus. HDL levels in patients with carotid stenosis of 1-49% degree were significantly higher than in those without stenosis. No significant difference was found between audiogram data and the level of carotid stenosis. Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between the degree of carotid stenosis and the presence of tinnitus. Mean HDL levels were higher in carotid artery stenosis of a 1-49% degree. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Metabolic disorders occurring in post-menopausal period increase the risk for development of fatty liver disease in women. Aim of the study was to evaluate possible effects of ghrelin on metabolic biomarkers and hepatic morphology in ovariectomized (OVT) rats. Methods:Under ketamine-chlorpromazine anesthesia (100 mg/kg, 0.75 mg/kg), Sprague-Dawley rats (n=12) underwent bilateral OVT, while control group had sham-surgery (n=6). Four weeks after surgery, half of OVT rats were treated intraperitonally with ghrelin (1 mg/kg/hafta) for 4 weeks, while others were not treated. Rats were euthanized by cardiac puncture at the end of 8th weeks, and serum levels of glucose, insulin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), triglycerides, estradiol and progesterone were measured by an automated analyzer. Results: Increased body weights in OVT rats (p<0.001) recorded at the end of 2 months was not changed with ghrelin. Serum estradiol and progesterone levels were reduced (p<0.05) verifying altered gonadal hormone status, but insulin and glucose levels were not changed. Reduced HDL and increased LDL levels (p<0.0.5) were evident in non-treated OVX rats, while ghrelin treatment depressed LDL levels (p<0.0.5), but did not change HDL levels. However, ghrelin in OVT rats depressed triglycerides, VLDL and AST levels significantly (p<0.05). Moderate sinusoidal congestion, activated Kupffer cells and hepatocytes with ballooning degeneration was observed in non-treated OVT rats, while significant improvements were present in livers of ghrelintreated rats. Conclusion: In conclusion, mild dyslipidemia and hepatic degeneration in early post-menopausal period appear to be attenuated by ghrelin treatment, and require further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: There isn't a widely accepted reference method to measure the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. In our study, we aimed to investigate the presence of a parameter that would provide insight into CVD risk in HIV-positive individuals and can be conveniently used in their follow-up. Methods: This retrospective observational study included 160 HIV-infected adults who were followed between 1 January 1996 and 1 June 2017. CVD risk factors and newly developing CVDs during the follow-up of these patients were recorded. By using the Framingham 10-year general CVD risk score (FRS-CVD-10) and American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association risk estimation (ACC/AHA CVDRS), patients' CVD risks at initial and current evaluation were calculated. The association between these calculated values and factors that might be related to CVD risk were investigated. Results: Of all patients, 82.5% were male and the mean age was 40.06 years. 68.2% of the patients were smokers and 92% had dyslipidemia. It was observed that 25% of the patients who completed the 113-month follow-up developed CVD. 37.1% and 39.4% of the patients were determined to be at high risk in terms of developing CVD according to FRS-CVD-10 and ACC/AHA CVDRS, respectively. Triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (Tg/HDL-c) was found to be higher in patients who developed CVD during follow-up and in those with high CVD risk scores. The positive predictive value of change in Tg/HDL-c ratio at the end of the first year in determining the CVD risk was 91.4% when FRS-CVD-10 was accepted as the reference test. Conclusions: It was concluded that Tg/HDL-c ratio was a simple, inexpensive and reliable variable which demonstrated the increased risk of CVDs in HIV-infected patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the possible nutrient and protein deficiency in the first six months after sleeve gastrectomy and to determine its effect on some biochemical parameters. Material and Methods: This study is an intervention study including 102 patients (75 female and 27 male) aged between 18-65 years, who had undergone sleeve gastrectomy operation at the General Surgery Clinic of Şişli Florence Nightingale Hospital between 13.07.2017 and 06.01.2018 and been followed up by a dietician for at least six months postoperatively. Anthropometric measurements, three-day food intake, and biochemical parameters were followed pre-operatively and during the first six months. Results: There was a 27.4% decrease in body weight of the patients in first six months after surgery. Both decrease in body weight, and decrease in body fat ratio and body mass index were found statistically significant (p<0.001). A statistically significant difference was found between preoperative and postoperative 6th month biochemical parameters; serum HbA1c, insulin, uric acid, total protein, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, iron, iron binding capacity, ferritin, zinc, vitamin D, calcium, parathormone, folate and vitamin B12 levels of the patients (p<0.001). The difference between 6th month serum total protein levels of patients using and not using whey protein powder in the first month after sleeve gastrectomy was found statistically significant (p=0.002). Conclusion: It should be kept in mind that regulating patients' lifestyle with post-operative multidisciplinary team and regular follow-up, and supporting with active life are necessary for obesity treatment to be sustainable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In acromegaly, the incidence of cardiovascular disease is higher compared to healthy population because of the association of secondary cardiovascular disease risk factors such as hypertension, glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between Growth Hormone (GH), Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1), and lipid profiles in patients with newly diagnosed acromegaly. Methods: This study included 57 newly diagnosed acromegaly patients and 31 healthy control cases. Blood samples were taken after a 12-hour night fasting to analyze the levels of the hormones, the lipid profiles, and the fasting blood glucose. Results: The mean of LDL-C level in the acromegaly group and control group were respectively 140.2±61.3 mg/dL and 115.6±30.4 mg/dL, (p=0.029), triglyceride level 137.6±84.0 mg/dL and 102.9±43.0 mg/dL, (p=0.027) and HDL-C level 41.5±10.5 mg/dL and 50.5±10.6 mg/dL, (p=0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between GH levels of LDL (r=0.375, p=0.002), TG (r=0.302, p=0.01), IGF-1 (r=0.634, p=0.0001) and HOMA-IR (r=0.699, p=0.0001), IGF-1 and LDL levels (r=0.295, p=0.01) and TG (r=0.476, p=0.0001). There was a negative correlation between HDL and GH (r=-0.399, p=0.001) and HDL with IGF-1 (r=-0.310, p=0.01). Conclusions: Acromegaly is a disorder characterized by an excess of GH and GH appears to adversely affect the lipid profile. It can be considered that this risk factor may be eliminated by the control of the levels of GH and IGF-1 in acromegaly patients. Further studies seem necessary for more clarifica-tion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High levels of lipids and lipoproteins in young adults are significant risk factors for the development of heart disease in older ages. Increased levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides, high levels of low-density lipoprotein and low levels of high-density lipoprotein contribute to cardiovascular disease. Therefore, when starting antiepileptics, it is important to assess changes in serum lipid levels and choose the safety drug, thus contributing to the prevention of cardiovascular complications in older ages. This paper is a review of the e effects of AED use on plasma lipid parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to monitor role of insomnia on some physiological variables in a man who had 13 years insomnia. In this case report, we had a case with 27 years old, 64 kg body mass index, 167 cm height and 13 years insomnia that participated voluntarily, and performed several physiological and performance variable tests. The major results for performance measures are as follows: bench press strength 80 kg, leg press strength 180 kg, running-based anaerobic sprint test 44.3 sec, 60 m speed 9.63 sec, 4x9 m shuttle run 10.36 sec, vertical jump 53 cm, sit ups 40 rep/min, and sit and reach test 94 cm. The major results also for biochemical measures are as follows: neutrophils 55.1%, lymphocytes 37.5%, monocytes 2.9%, eosinophils 4.2%, basophils 0.3%, fasting blood sugar 92 mg/dL, high density lipoprotein 35 mg/dL, low density lipoprotein 92 mg/dL, C-reactive protein <2 mg/L, ımmunoglobulin E 99.9 IU/mL, testosterone 5.05 ng/mL, insulin 3.7 uIU/mL, adrenocorticotropic hormone 21 pg/mL, cortisol 14.5 ug/dL, and growth hormone 0.05 ng/mL. The results of our case on the physical performance and biochemical tests in this study was generally in normal range and immune system, hormonal secretion and complete blood count were in a good points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Design: Homocysteine, a sulfur-containing amino acid, is known to be related with autoimmunity-inflammation, cardiovascular disease and DNA methylation. In this case-control study, we aimed to determine plasma homocysteine, folic acid, vitamin B12 and vitamin B6 levels in patients with psoriasis. Materials and Methods: Smoking, alcohol and coffee consumption habits were recorded in adult patients with plaque-type psoriasis and age- and sex-matched controls. Height and weight measurements were performed and Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores were calculated. Fasting venous blood samples were collected to determine homocysteine, folic acid, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein (HDL), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Results: There was no significant difference between psoriasis patients (n=43) and controls (n=47) in body mass index and alcohol and coffee consumption. Smoking rate was significantly high in psoriasis patients. The median PASI score was 10.0 (8.3-12.8). Plasma homocysteine, folic acid, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, total cholesterol, triglyseride, ESR and CRP values were not significantly different between patients and the controls. HDL level was low in psoriasis patients (p=0.001). Plasma homocysteine level was higher in males than in females. There was no relationship of homocysteine levels with patient's age, PASI scores, ESR, CRP values and lipids. Homocysteine levels were inversely related with folic acid and vitamin B12 (p=0.000, r=-0.436, p=0.047, r=-0.204, respectively). We did not find any relationship between homocysteine and vitamin B6 levels. Conclusion: There was no increase in plasma homocysteine levels in psoriasis patients we followed up. Homocysteine level increases in inflammatory disorders and this increase is accepted as a cardiovascular disease marker. Homocysteine homeostasis may be balanced in our patients because of the genetic background and/or nutritional habits in this population [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In previous studies, serum ceruloplasmin (Cp) level have been shown to be correlated with atherosclerotic heart disease. But it has not been investigated which result from ischemia or atherosclerosis. The aim of this study, serum Cp activity assess in coronary atherosclerosis and ischemia and investigate to which it is connected. Methods 90 patients taken for coronary angiography were included in the study. Patients divided three groups such as coronary artery disease (CAD): at least one main coronary artery stenosis exceeding 70% and patients with proven ischemia presence; noncritical coronary artery stenosis (NOC): at least one main coronary artery stenosis less than 70% and no obvious ischemia, normal coronary artery (NKA): 30 consecutive patients with normal coronary artery. Lipid profiles of all patients were measured. And serum Cp activity was measured by Erel's method. Results Tree groups were similar in terms of age, gender, BMI and lipid profile (p> 0.05). Serum Cp activity was significantly different among groups (p <0.05). CP activity was significantly lower in the patient group compared to the NOC group. In the subgroup analysis this difference was observed among NKA group and other groups. Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum Cp activity is the negative with total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, positively correlated with high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLK). Linier regression analysis showed that only HDLK effect serum Cp activity from these parameters independently. Conclusions As a result, in patients with atherosclerosis, serum Cp activity was lower than in patients with normal coronary arteries. The presence of ischemia did not affect the result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Design: Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory disease that occurs with polygenic and other triggering factors. The association of psoriasis, which is considered to be a systemic disease, with other diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, hepatosteatosis, obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia has been shown. Materials and Methods: In this study, we compared the levels of fasting blood glucose, serum lipid (total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride), basal insulin, insulin resistance and body mass index as well as cigarette and alcohol consumption in 50 adult patients with those in 50 age- and gender-matched non-psoriatic controls. Results: In our study, metabolic syndrome was present in 62% patients with psoriasis, compared with 24% of the controls (p<0,001). In psoriatic patients with metabolic syndrome PASI median value was 13,6, whereas patients without metabolic syndrome PASI median value was 11,2 and the difference was statistically significant (p<0,001). Conclusion: In our study, the frequency of metabolic syndrome and its components diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were found to be higher in patients with psoriasis compared to that in non-psoriatic controls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Trials including diabetic and pre-diabetic patients have shown that the risk of cardiovascular event is increased in patients in whom blood glucose levels are high. In this study, we analyzed the achieval rate of target cholesterol levels in patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods: 344 diabetic patients admitted to our hospital between March and May 2012 were randomly included. Low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglycerides (TG) were measured in our hospital biochemistry laboratory. Patients' treatments were recorded. Results: Although all 135 male and 209 female diabetic patients were undergoing treatment for diabetes, 83% (n=286) had LDL cholesterol levels greater than 100mg/dl. Despite this, only 47.3% (n=163) were taking lipid-lowering medications. The mean level of LDL-cholesterol was: 126.4±33.5 mg/ dl, TG: 179.2±6.53 mg/dl; HDL-cholesterol: 45.9±10.8 mg/dl. In 16.8% of the patients (n=58) target LDL cholesterol was achieved. In addition, all lipid targets (LDL <100 mg/dl, triglyceride <150 mg/dl and HDL >40 mg/dl in men and >50 mg/dl in women) were achieved in nearly 5% (n=17) of the patients. Conclusion: This study, which was done in a randomly selected group of follow-up diabetic patients, showed that we are far away from lipid targets. We must approach more aggressive for treatment of hyperlipidemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: Diabetes is a systemic disease with increased oxidative damage, lipid oxidation and decreased prevention of LDL oxidation. Some of the preventive effects of HDL is thought to be mediated by paraoxanase. Paraoxonase activity is reduced in diabetes. Aminoguanidine, inhibits the formation of advanced glycation endproducts by reacting with intermediate products of glycation. We aimed to investigate the effects of the inhibition of advanced glycation by aminoguanidine on paraoxonase activity in a diabetes model. Methods: 32 10-week male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups; In two groups diabetes was induced with 65mg/kg of intraperitoneal streptozotocin. One of them was followed without further intervention (DM). The other group was given 1 g/L of aminoguanidine ad libitum in drinking water (DM+AG). The third group was followed as healthy controls (HC). Only AG was given to the fourth group (HC+AG). Paraoxonase (PON) activity was determined according to Eckerson's method. Results: Blood glucose and HbA1c levels were significantly elevated in DM and DM+AG groups compared to the healthy controls. There was no difference in cholesterol and HDL levels among groups. The triglyceride level of DM+AG group was significantly elevated compared to HC and HC+AG groups. The PON levels were significantly decreased in DM, DM+AG and HC+AG groups compared to healthy controls. PON levels were correlated with HDL levels and inversely correlated with glucose and HbA1c levels. Conclusion: The elevation of glucose and HbA1c levels in diabetic groups compared to healthy controls showed that the induction of diabetes model was successful. The decrease in PON levels in diabetic groups is consistent with literature. The inverse correlation between PON and glucose and HbA1c, despite the lack of a difference among HDL levels suggested that the decrease in PON activity could be due to the glycation of the enzyme. The decrease in PON activity in HC+AG group compared to the HC group implied that the effects of aminoguanidine may not be mediated via PON. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) have been reported to cause metabolic dysregulation that may result in AAPs-related weight gain. The purpose of this study was to assess triglyceride, cholesterol and weight changes among risperidone-treated child and youths. Methods: Eighty subjects treated with risperidone for any psychiatric disturbances were included in the study. Fasting total low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) levels were measured at baseline and at 12 months of treatment. Results: There was no significant difference between baseline mean levels of TG, TC, HDL-C and LDL-C and twelfth months mean levels of TG, TC, HDL-C and LDL-C (respectively p=0.341, p=0.135, p=0.414, p=0.411, p=0.707). Comparison of baseline and 12 months data with respect to the age groups were presented in table 2. There was no significant association with age, gender, risperidone dose and changes of serum TG, TC, LDL-C or HDL-C levels. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study did not identify significant associations between dyslipidemia and one year risperidone treatment in children and adolescents. Because little long-term lipid profile follow-up is available with atypical antipsychotics treatment in youths, controlled studies in larger Objective: Atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) have been reported to cause metabolic dysregulation that may result in AAPs-related weight gain. The purpose of this study was to assess triglyceride, cholesterol and weight changes among risperidone-treated child and youths. Methods: Eighty subjects treated with risperidone for any psychiatric disturbances were included in the study. Fasting total low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) levels were measured at baseline and at 12 months of treatment. Results: There was no significant difference between baseline mean levels of TG, TC, HDL-C and LDL-C and twelfth months mean levels of TG, TC, HDL-C and LDL-C (respectively p=0.341, p=0.135, p=0.414, p=0.411, p=0.707). Comparison of baseline and 12 months data with respect to the age groups were presented in table 2. There was no significant association with age, gender, risperidone dose and changes of serum TG, TC, LDL-C or HDL-C levels. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study did not identify significant associations between dyslipidemia and one year risperidone treatment in children and adolescents. Because little long-term lipid profile follow-up is available with atypical antipsychotics treatment in youths, controlled studies in larger samples should be carried out to reveal the frequency and the risk factors of dyslipidemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: High density lipoprotein (HDL) retards accumulation of proinflammatuar oxidized phospholipids in low density lipoproteins (LDL) and have a capacity on inhibition of oxidative modification. These antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties are as important as its cholesterol efflux function on inhibition of atherosclerosis. Contrary to it's known effects when HDL has lost it's functions, gains prooxidant properties. The purpose of our study was to investigate effects of antioxidant vitamins like α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid on the prevention of the antioxidant characteristics of HDL against LDL oxidation in vitro. Materials and methods: 30 healthy young subjects plasma HDL's were obtained by dextran sulfate precipitation method. Then, oxidation prevention capacities of these HDL's (10 µg/ml) against LDL (50 µg/ml) were measured by spectrofluorometric method. Also same HDLs were added in to the four different test tubes and they were separately incubated for an hour with different concentrations of α-tocopherol (1.5 mg/dl and 3 mg/dl which are pharmacological and high dose respectively) and ascorbic acid (1.4 mg/dl and 2.8 mg/dl which are pharmacological and high dose respectively). Then, oxidation prevention effects of HDL against 50 µg/ml LDL which are added to the tubes, were measured by spectrofluorometric method. Also, HDL, LDL, TG, Lp(a), Apo A1, Apo B, and hsCRP levels were measured in serum which are simultaneously obtained from subjects serum. Results: In vitro 1.5 mg/dl and 3 mg/dl α-tocopherol addition onto HDL increased HDL score values (median values 1.09 and 1.10 respectively) compared to control (median value 0.87). Fluoresans unit values (HDL score values) > 1.0 indicated as prooxidant HDL ; values < 1.0 indicated as antioxidant HDL. In this way α-tocopherol increased prooxidant HDL's by dose independent manner (p<0.05). While low dose ascorbic acid (1.4 mg/dl) had no effect on antioxidant characteristics (median HDL score value 0.95), high dose (2.8 mg/dl) ascorbic acid addition caused increase on prooxidant HDL's (median HDL score value 1.05) compared to controls (median HDL score value 0.87, p<0.05). Conclusion: In vitro supplementation of α-tocopherol without depending on dose and ascorbic acid with depending on dose caused a prooxidant effect increasing the oxidative characteristics of HDLs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In the present study, it was aimed to evaluate the frequency of metabolic syndrome using the National Cholesterol Education Program Adults Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definitions in patients with peritoneal dialysis. Methods: A total of 74 cases undergoing peritoneal dialysis patients were enrolled in the study. Age, sex, weight, waist circumference, arterial blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides were recorded. The differences between these methods in diagnosing student's t-test was used to compare age, weight, waist circumference, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides levels, while χ² test was used to compare gender, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus between MS-diagnosed and undiagnosed patients in both methods. Results: Both NCEP-ATP III and IDF definitions, the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was 25.7% respectively. The ratio of metabolic syndrome diagnoses was higher for NCEP-ATP III 52.7% compared to IDF definitions 32.4% respectively. Conclusion: It is logical to evaluate patients with for metabolic syndrome at the time of diagnosis and regularly thereafter due to the high ratio of metabolic syndrome in peritoneal dialysis patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine 10- year risk for development of cardiovascular diseases using Framingham risk scoring as a tool for the estimation of coronary risk and renew the blood lipid levels. Materials and methods: Samples from fasting 3169 healthy donors declaring as having no cardiovascular disease and diabetes (1800 women, mean age 46.8±9.2 years) and 1369 men, mean age 46.03±8.4 years) were tested and scored according to risk factors in both genders. Results: When average values were considered, total cholesterol level was higher (204±42 mg/dL) according to reactive insert reference values. High total kolesterol and low HDL-C levels were seen in 20% and 19.5% of men and 32.6% and 1.1% of women, respectively. The number of participants having systolic blood pressure ⩾130 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure ⩾ 85 mmHg were 775 (24.5%) and the distribution of those values was 10.6 % in men and 13.9% in women. The mean 10- year cardiovascular disease risks were 9.4 % in men and 4.6% in women among 3169 participants. Conclusion: A 10-year risk of coronary disease, in Turkish males was 2-fold higher than in Turkish females. Use of Framingham study in clinical assessments maintains to be a valid method in preventive approaches for development of cardiovascular diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin C supplementation on the liver enzymes and plasma lipids in footballers and basketball players following three weeks of training and vitamin C supplementation. Materials and methods: A total of 20 volunteer male sportsmen were included. Blood levels of urea, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total cholesterol (T.Col), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and triglyceride before exercise (BE), were measured and the groups were undertaken a 10- minute exercise. After exercise (AE), their values were measured again and they given 1 g/day vitamin C. Three weeks later their BE and AE parameters were measured. Results: In footballers, after the vitamin C supplementation elevated AST, ALT, ALP and LDH in AE were found compared with BE (P<0.001), while blood urea dropped (P<0.05). In basketball players, the AE values of the AST, ALT and ALP before and after the supplementation of vitamin C were higher compared to those of BE (P<0.001). After the vitamin C administration, higher urea (P<0.05) and lower LDL (P<0.001) levels of BE and AE were found. In basketball players levels of blood urea and AST were found to be elevated compared to footballers both before and after exercise (P<0.001) while LDH dropped (P<0.05) following vitamin C and HDL-C levels were higher in all sportsmen compared with BE. In basketball players LDL-C and triglyceride levels decreased with vitamin C (p<0.01). Conclusion: Vitamin C supplementation increased HDLC levels both in footballers and basketball players. In basketball players, LDL-C, triglyceride and LDH levels decreased by vitamin C administration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compelling evidence from randomized controlled studies demonstrated the crucial role of lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the prevention of vascular events. However, not all patients with low LDL-C levels show similar reduction in event rates. The residual risk factors associated with ongoing vascular events despite achieving low LDL-C levels remain to be elucidated. New data suggest that beyond statin therapy, inflammatory mediators, high non-HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol or apolipoprotein B, small dense LDL-C, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and lifestyle features may have impact on residual vascular risk. In this review, we discussed the significance of identifying these residual risk factors and developing new treatment strategies to further decrease vascular events. The importance of imaging arterial wall to evaluate the effect of various medical therapies has also stated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lipids are important substances for inflammation and immune functions of the organism, and also important for neutralization of endoxins and liposaccharides. Therefore, cholesterol is an essential element of nutrition in clinically critical patients. Lipoproteins, which are of vital importance for human organism, may be low because of genetic or acquired reasons. Hypolipidemia that is characterized by decrease of plasma lipids is, unlike hyperlipidemia, a condition which is recognized late. Hypolipidemia is commonly seen during the course of severe diseases. Furthermore, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) may also decrease during infectious diseases, in malignancies, burns, hematologic disorders, and in traumatic patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In this cross-sectional study we aimed to determine the metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevalence in schizophrenia patients followed up in our Psychotic Disorders Unit, and to evaluate the relationship between MetS and medication of the patients. Method: High density lipoprotein (HDL), fasting glucose, triglyceride levels, arterial blood pressure and waist circumference at the level of the umbilicus of the patients included in the study were measured in 87 schizophrenia patients. Results: According to Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III), ATP III A and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria; metabolic syndrome prevalence was 29.9%, 35.6% and 42.5% respectively. 27.6% of patients had two criteria of MetS but did not meet MetS diagnosis. There was no association between MetS and age, age of onset of illness and duration of illness. Men had higher MetS prevalence according to all diagnostic criteria, however there was a statistical significance only for IDF. There was no difference of MetS prevalence between monotherapy and combined antipsychotic medications. The metabolic syndrome prevalence was significantly lower in biperiden users than in the nonuser patients Discussion: Although the prevalence of MetS is lower than in some previous studies, it is generally similar to other schizophrenia researches. MetS must be carefully considered in schizophrenia patients' follow up and treatment choices, and some risk decreasing interventions must be made when necessary in the early period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]