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Arteriovenous fistulas are one of the complications of penetrating extremity traumas. We present a brachial A-V fistula due to a conservatively treated penetrating foreign body on the left arm. Fistulas can be easily diagnosed after their occurrence. Efforts for preventing this complication are important. The risk of vascular injury has to be eliminated in penetrating injuries near to the localisation of major vessels. Duplex ultrasound and tomographic angiography are reasonable imaging methods for the emergency physicians in the diagnosis of vascular injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although vascular factors are considered primarily in the etiology of hemichorea among the elderly, chorea related to congenital vascular malformations including cavernous angioma are reported very rarely. We found cavernous angioma to be the cause of persistant, unilateral chorea localized to the right lower extremity in a 83 year-old woman. In this article we would like to highlight the etiology of chorea in patients with late onset movement disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]