66 results on '"Abiotic stress"'
Search Results
2. Silicon Improves Cold and Freezing Tolerance in Pea
- Author
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Ufuk Akçay, Hande Nur Kumbul, and İbrahim Ertan Erkan
- Subjects
pisum sativum l. ,silicon ,cold stress ,freezing stress ,abiotic stress ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
The most significant crop losses worldwide occur due to unfavorable temperatures such as heat, drought, cold, and freezing. Minerals like silicon can play important roles in the growth, development, and stress responses of plants. In this study, changes in stem/root length, dry weight, relative water content and silicon content, of peas under cold and freezing stress, as well as antioxidant system indicators such as proline, malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and chlorophyll levels, ion leakage, and the expressions of genes coding for the topoisomerase TOP2 and DNA helicase PDH47 enzymes, which play important roles in the replication, transcription, and repair of DNA molecules, were examined in root and stem tissues in the presence of two different concentrations of silicon. The results of the study showed that silicon application under cold and freezing stresses has induced various changes in pea metabolism, including increases in cell membrane integrity parameters and superoxide dismutase enzyme activity, as well as increase in the expressions of TOP2 and PDH47 genes. These changes have been found to have positive effects on the pea cold and freezing tolerance.
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
3. Biyo-Priming Uygulamasının Mercimek (Lens culinaris M.)'te Çimlenme, Fide Gelişimi ve Tuzluluk Stresi Üzerine Etkisi.
- Author
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TARHAN, Berfin and CERİTOĞLU, Mustafa
- Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) strains exhibiting ACC (1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate) deaminase enzyme activity on salt stress in germination and early seedling stages of lentil (Lens culinaris M.). The study utilized three NaCl concentrations (control, 100 mM, and 200 mM) and six PGPB strains (control, KF3A, KF3B, KF58B, KF58C and KF63C). Hydro-priming with distilled water was applied to seeds in the control group. The study was conducted in 2023 at Siirt University, Faculty of Agriculture, Field Crops laboratory, using a completely randomized factorial design with four replications. According to the results, all parameters, except seedling dry weight and seedling vigor index, were significantly (p<0.05 or p<0.01) affected by salt stress or bio-priming applications. Germination percentage ranged from 91.8% to 99.4%, average germination time from 1.24 to 1.90 days, germination uniformity coefficient from 48.8 to 81.2, germination energy from 9.3 to 81.9, germination index from 10.1 to 18.0, seedling length from 1.8 to 3.8 cm, root length from 3.5 to 6.0 cm, seedling dry weight from 0.0176 to 0.0240 g, root dry weight from 0.0119 to 0.0206 g, seedling vigor index from 3.3 to 4.1, lateral root number from 1.3 to 4.3, and total lateral root length from 0.46 to 2.54 cm. KF58C and KF63C were noted to promote germination and seedling development of lentil seedling under both optimum and stress conditions, while KF3A, KF3B, and KF58B strains provided weaker plant growth compared to hydro-priming. Particularly, the KF58C strain significantly increased seedling length, root length, lateral root number, and total lateral root length, stimulating dry matter accumulation in roots by 114%. In conclusion, it is considered that bio-priming with PGPB strains possessing ACC deaminase activity could offer a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution for enhancing lentil tolerance to salt stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Asmada deniz yosunu ve maya uygulamalarının biyostimulant ve tuz stresine karşı etkilerinin belirlenmesi.
- Author
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TAHMAZ, Hande, YÜKSEL KÜSKÜ, Damla, and KUNTER, Birhan
- Abstract
Copyright of Mustafa Kemal University Journal of Agricultural Sciences / Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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5. Cabernet-Sauvignon çeşidi tane fiziksel özelliklerine bazı abiyotik streslerin etkisi (Vitis vinifera L.).
- Author
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BAHAR, Elman, KORKUTAL, İlknur, and ABAY, Cihan
- Abstract
Copyright of Mustafa Kemal University Journal of Agricultural Sciences / Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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6. Salkım Özelliklerine Bazı Abiyotik Streslerin Etkisi: Cabernet-Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera L.) Üzüm Çeşidi Örneği.
- Author
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Bahar, Elman, Korkutal, İlknur, and Abay, Cihan
- Abstract
Copyright of COMU Journal of Agriculture Faculty / ÇOMÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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7. Tuz Stresinin Bitkiler Üzerindeki Etkileri ve Geliştirilen Tolerans Mekanizmaları
- Author
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Büşra Sevgi and Sema Leblebici
- Subjects
abiyotik stres ,tuzluluk ,ozmolitler ,antioksidanlar ,moleküler yanıtlar ,abiotic stress ,salinity ,osmolytes ,antioxidants ,molecular responses ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Science ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
Jeolojik, hidrolojik ve antropojenik birçok faktörün neden olduğu tuz stresi, bitkilerin hemen hemen tüm gelişme dönemlerinde olumsuz etkilere sebep olan oldukça karmaşık bir abiyotik strestir. Tuz stresinin neden olduğu ozmotik stres, bitki hücresindeki iyonik dengeyi ve genel homeostazı bozar. Bu abiyotik stres, osmotik strese neden olarak bitkilerin kullanabileceği su miktarını kısıtladığı gibi, iyonik stresi de tetikleyerek bitkilerde iyon miktarının toksik seviyelere ulaşmasına neden olmaktadır. Ayrıca bitkilerde reaktif oksijen türlerinin (ROT) artışını tetikleyen ikincil bir oksidatif stres oluşumuna neden olmaktadır. Genel olarak tuz stresine maruz kalan bitkilerde turgor kaybı, stoma iletkenliği ve fotosentez hızında azalma, besin dengesizliği, biyokütlenin azalması ve büyümenin yavaşlaması yaygın etkiler arasında görülür. Bitkiler bu olumsuz etkilerle baş edebilmek ve tuza tolerans oluşturabilmek için tuz alımı ve iyon taşınmasının kontrolü, ozmolitlerin ve antioksidanların sentezi veya birikimini içeren çeşitli savunma mekanizmaları geliştirmişlerdir. Farklı bitkiler, genotipe, adaptasyon kabiliyetine ve bitkinin diğer özelliklerine bağlı olarak tuzluluğa farklı tepkiler vermektedir. Endüstrileşmenin ve insan faaliyetlerinin hızla arttığı küreselleşen dünyada tuzluluğa dayanıklı transgenik bitkilerin geliştirilmesi verimliliği ve ürün kalitesi daha yüksek bitkiler elde etmek için oldukça önemlidir. Yüksek tuz konsantrasyonlarında yaşamlarını sürdürebilen halofitler ise, istenilen gen kaynağının sağlaması açısından tuza toleranslı glikofit bitkilerin yetiştirildiği çoğu transgenik çalışmada model organizmalar olarak kullanılmaktadır.
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
8. Tuz Stresinin Bitkiler Üzerindeki Etkileri ve Geliştirilen Tolerans Mekanizmaları.
- Author
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SEVGİ, Büşra and LEBLEBİCİ, Sema
- Abstract
Copyright of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology is the property of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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9. Domates Yetiştiriciliğinde Tuz Stresinin Olumsuz Etkilerine Karşı Kitosan Uygulaması.
- Author
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BULUT, Hüseyin and ÖZTÜRK, Halil İbrahim
- Abstract
Copyright of Manas Journal of Agriculture Veterinary & Life Sciences is the property of Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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10. Effect of Seed Priming on Germination and Seedling Parameters of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in Lamjung, Nepal.
- Author
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Rekha Badu, Santoshi Malla, Sara Rawal, and Sandesh Thapa
- Subjects
abiotic stress ,gibberellin ,hormonal priming ,seed vigour ,halo priming ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Poor seed germination obstructs the early and uniform seedling emergence at the sub-optimal conditions which can be a major setback to early spring cucumber growers. Different seed priming methods ought to be efficient solutions for the problem. To standardize the best priming method, an experiment was laid out in a Completely randomized design at the Horticulture lab of IAAS, Lamjung Campus. The treatment consisted of demineralized distilled water (hydropriming), hormonal priming (GA3 100ppm and GA3 200 ppm), halopriming (NaCl 0.5% and KNO3 0.5%), and non-primed seeds as control. The seeds were soaked in the respective treatment for 24 hours and then dried to initial moisture content under shade conditions. Observation recorded significantly highest germination percentage in GA3 100ppm (19.25%) and hydro priming (19.25%). The lowest mean germination time was found in GA3 100ppm (4.19days) which was significantly at par with GA3 200ppm (4.33days) and hydro priming (4.48days). The germination energy was found highest in GA3 100ppm (39.58) followed by GA3 200ppm (33.65) and dry weight was recorded highest in hydropriming (0.0252g) followed by GA3 100ppm (0.0250g) whereas the highest root length was observed in KNO3 priming (12.955cm) which is statistically at par with hydropriming (11.42cm), GA3 200 ppm (10.872cm) and NaCl priming (10.42cm). The plumule length was observed highest in KNO3 (13.00cm) followed by NaCl (11.25cm). All primed seeds showed increased seedling vigor compared to the unprimed seeds. The study showed that applied treatment notably increased the germination characteristics and seedling stand.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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11. Mikro Çoğaltılan Dişi buttum (Pistacia khinjuk Stocks) Ağacında ISSR Belirteci ile Somaklonal Varyasyonun Belirlenmesi.
- Author
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ERSALI, Yusuf, ÖZEN, Hasan Çetin, TİLKAT, Engin, and ONAY, Ahmet
- Subjects
- *
MICROSATELLITE repeats , *PLANT clones , *MOLECULAR cloning , *ROOTSTOCKS , *PLANT variation , *PLANT shoots , *ABIOTIC stress - Abstract
The desired genetic characters that are resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses of rootstocks must be retained in clones obtained from micropropagation techniques without induction of somaclonal variations. Generally subculturing for long duration of times may end up in somaclonal variations. Knowing the genetic stability of micropropagated clone plants gives a clue about their safe use in commercial production. In this study, shoots taken from buttum (Pisatacia khinjuk Stocks) female trees (Tree1 and Tree2), were used as rootstocks in 5th, 10th, 15th, 20th, and 24th subcultures. Intersimple sequence repeat (ISSR) molecular markers were used for determination of somaclonal variation in the donor plants (Tree1 and Tree2) and its regenerated clones. Shoot proliferation was obtained on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 2.00 mg/L 6-benzyladenine (BA). The shoots were rooted on MS medium, containing 2 mg/L 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). A total of 925 bands, 675 of which were polymorphic (72%), were generated using selected 20 primers. Polymorphism ratio ranged from 36% (UBC841) to 98% (UBC855). The similarity rate was found in range of 74-79% between Tree1 and its micropropaated clones, and 78-82% between Tree2 and its micropropagated clones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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12. Şeker Otu (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) Bitkisinde Kuraklık Stresinin Fizyolojik ve Biyokimyasal Etkileri
- Author
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Elmas Ülkühan Usta, Engin Eroğlu, Vesile Yalçın, and Hülya Torun
- Subjects
abiyotik stres ,kuraklık ,stevia rebaudiana ,şeker otu ,abiotic stress ,drought ,stevia ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Science ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
Kuraklık son yıllarda endişe verici bir şekilde artmakta olup tarımsal ürünlerin verimliliğini sınırlandırmaktadır. Bu durum, kurak koşullara dayanıklı bitkilerin tespit edilmesine yönelik araştırmaların önemini artırmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni bitkisine ait iki çeşidin (Yalova ve STF-4) kuraklık stresi altında fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal tepkileri araştırılmıştır. Bitkiler kontrollü sera koşullarında 3 ay boyunca yetiştirilmiş ve sonrasında 3 hafta boyunca kuraklığa maruz bırakılmıştır. Üç hafta sonunda hasat edilen bitkilerden yaprak uzunluğu, ozmotik potansiyel, nisbi su içeriği (RWC), klorofil floresansı (Fv/Fm), prolin miktarı, hidrojen peroksit (H2O2) miktarı ve lipid peroksidasyonu seviyesi ölçülmüştür. S. rebaudiana bitkisinin her iki çeşidinde de kuraklık stresi altında kontrol grubundaki bitkiler ile kıyaslandığında yaprak uzunluğunda azalma belirlenirken en çok azalma Yalova çeşidinde (%25,7) saptanmıştır. Bununla birlikte, her iki çeşit de kuraklık stresi altında su durumlarını korumuşlardır. Fv/Fm değeri STF-4 çeşidinde kuraklıktan etkilenmezken Yalova çeşidinde kontrole oranla düşüş göstermiştir. Prolin miktarında ise çeşitler arasında fark kaydedilmiştir. Kurak koşullar altında STF-4 çeşidinde prolin miktarında değişim gözlenmezken Yalova çeşidinde %42,9 artış meydana gelmiştir. Diğer taraftan, kuraklık stresi, yapraklardaki lipid peroksidasyon seviyesini önemli ölçüde arttırmıştır. Bu artış, Yalova çeşidinde %41,2 iken STF-4 çeşidinde %21,1 olarak belirlenmiştir. İki çeşit arasında kuraklık stresine karşı farklı tepki H2O2 içeriğinde gözlenmiştir. Kuraklık stresi altında H2O2 miktarı Yalova çeşidinde %42,7 oranında azalırken STF-4 çeşidinde %5,5 artmıştır. Sonuç olarak, S. rebaudiana bitkisinin STF-4 çeşidinin ölçülen parametreler ışığında kuraklığa daha toleranslı olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Kuraklık Stresi Uygulanan Kayacık (Ostrya Carpinifolia Scop.) Fidanlarında Morfolojik, Fizyolojik ve Biyokimyasal Değişimlerin Araştırılması.
- Author
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YILMAZ, Çiğdem, KULAÇ, Şemsettin, and BEYAZYÜZ, Fadime
- Subjects
PLANT-water relationships ,AGRICULTURAL productivity ,DROUGHTS ,AQUATIC plants ,STOMATA ,AFFORESTATION ,DROUGHT management - Abstract
Copyright of Düzce University Journal of Forestry / Düzce Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Ormancılık Dergisi is the property of Duzce University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
14. Şeker Otu (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) Bitkisinde Kuraklık Stresinin Fizyolojik ve Biyokimyasal Etkileri.
- Author
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YALÇIN, Vesile, TORUN, Hülya, EROĞLU, Engin, and USTA, Elmas Ülkühan
- Abstract
Copyright of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology is the property of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
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15. Bazı Arpa (Hordeum vulgare L.) Çeşitlerinde Tuz (NaCl) Stresinin Çimlenme Özellikleri Üzerine Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi.
- Author
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ALTUNER, Fevzi, ORAL, Erol, and BARAN, İshak
- Subjects
- *
FIELD crops , *CULTIVARS , *CONTROL groups , *ABIOTIC stress , *SALT , *BARLEY , *GERMINATION - Abstract
This study was carried out on the germination properties and seedling parameters effects of some NaCl doses (control (0) -50-100-150-200 mM) applied to three barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars (Kral-97: V1 - Altikat: V2 and Larende: V3). The study was carried out in the Laboratory of field crops Department of the Faculty of Agriculture of Van Yuzuncu Yil University in 2019 according to the experiment two way completely randomized design in petri dishes with 4 replications. In this study, germination and seedling characteristics of the barley cultivars under salt stress such as germination power (%), germination rate (%), germination index (%), average germination time (days), sensitivity index (%), root length (cm), stem length (cm), fresh root weight (mg), fresh stem weight (mg), dry root weight (mg) and dry stem weight (mg) were investigated. According to results of germination parameters; the effects of cultivars on germination rate and average germination time were significant. The effects of salt doses on all germination parameters were significant. The effects of varieties and NaCl interactions on the differences in all parameters were significant. According to the average, the lowest germination power and germination rates were taken from 150 mM NaCl applications and therefore it was observed that these two properties decreased by 15.56% compared to control (0). The effects of salt doses and interactions between varieties and salt doses on all parameters were significant, while the effects of varieties other than hypocotyl length were insignificant and the effects on all remaining parameters were significant. Increased salt doses have been observed to have a negative effect on all parameters. According to Salt dose averages, compared to the control group, the most affected trait from salt applications was the average germination time (82.1%) and the least affected trait was the root age weight (28.7%). It was determined that the Larende cultivar had a more salt-resistant performance in terms of all its properties, followed by the Kral-97 variety in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. NaCl Stresinin Bazı Armut ve Ayva Anaçlarının Yaprak Bakır, Bor, Çinko, Demir ve Mangan İçeriklerine Etkisi.
- Author
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AYDINLI, Melih, YILDIRIM, Fatma, and TÜRKELİ, Bahar
- Subjects
- *
PLANT nutrition , *ROOTSTOCKS , *ABIOTIC stress , *QUINCE , *SALINITY , *TRACE elements - Abstract
Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stress factors limiting the productivity in higher plants. The nutrition imbalance in plants that exposed to salinity caused deterioration of cell integrity which leads to the impairment of metabolic functions that are vital for plants. The research was carried out repeatedly for two years. In 18 liter pots pear (OHxF 97, OHxF 333, Fox 11) and quince (BA 29) rootstocks were stressed which containing control, 20 mM, 40 mM and 80 mM NaCl. At the end of study the changes of Fe, Cu, Mn Zn and B elements that occur in leaves together with salt stress were investigated. According to the results of the research, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn and microelement contents in different pear and quince rootstocks under NaCl stress varied over the years depending on the rootstocks and salt concentration. Especially in plants exposed to heavy NaCl stress (80 mM), it was observed that the existing changes were more clear. Compared to the two-year average, the total microelements intake decreased by approximately 6% in saline conditions. It was determined that the intake of B element decreased under salt stress in both years. Our results showed that Fox 11 and BA 29 rootstocks in Fe and Mn uptake; Fox 11 rootstock in Zn and Cu uptake, and OHxF 97 and OHxF 333 rootstocks in B uptake were noted. In general, Fox 11 and BA 29 rootstocks were found to remove more micronutrients from the soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Vermikompostlu Ortamda Yetiştirilen Calendula officinalis L. Bitkisinde Tuz Stresinin Morfolojik ve Anatomik Gelişim Parametreleri Üzerindeki Etkisi.
- Author
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ŞELEM, Ezelhan, NOHUTÇU, Lütfi, TUNÇTÜRK, Rüveyde, and TUNÇTÜRK, Murat
- Subjects
- *
LEAF area , *SOIL structure , *PLANT development , *ABIOTIC stress , *ARID regions , *SOIL salinity , *STOMATA - Abstract
The salinity problem experienced in agricultural land limits the cultivation of intensively produced species. Alternatives are developed for the salinity problem, especially in arid and semi-arid regions, and the enrichment of the soil with organic matter is seen as one of the most important of these. Vermicompost, which has a positive effect on improvement of soil structure, increase in yield and quality, plant growth and development, is widely used in cultivation. It is known that salinity stress, which is one of the abiotic stress factors, significantly reduces the degree of damage compared to the control group. In the study, the development of the plants grown in the field soil with 30% vermicompost and 100% field soil in different salt concentration (control (0), 50, 100, 150 mM NaCl) was examined and it was determined that the plants showed a better development in the vermicompost medium. In the study were examined stoma width, stoma length, stoma density, epidermal cell number, stoma index, leaf area, chlorophyll amount and color values (L *, a *, b *, Chroma and Hue). Among the color values, it was determined that L *, a *, b * and Chroma were statistically insignificant, but the Hue angle value was higher in the vermicompost medium. It was observed that the leaf area was higher in the vermicompost medium and decreased in parallel with the increasing salt stress. Similarly, it was determined that the size of the stoma decreased in parallel with the increase in the salt dose and has the highest value in vermicompost medium. It was concluded that stoma and epidermal cell density were in correlation and vermicompost medium was more effective in density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Tuz ve Kuraklık Stresi Altında Yetiştirilen Buğday Bitkisine (Triticum aestivum L.) Silikon Uygulamalarının Bazı Stres Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi.
- Author
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DIRAZ YILDIRIM, Emel and GÜNEŞ, Hakan
- Subjects
- *
PHOTOSYNTHETIC pigments , *WATER shortages , *DROUGHT tolerance , *ARID regions , *ABIOTIC stress , *CAROTENOIDS , *WHEAT , *PLANT pigments - Abstract
Two important abiotic stresses, such as salt and drought stress, affect the growth of plants and cause many malfunctions at the morphological, physiological and molecular level. Silicone is known to be effective against biotic and abiotic stress. In this study, a bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Ceyhan-99 variety grown under salt and drought stress conditions, 100 ppm and 200 ppm silicon was added to irrigation water, and its effect was investigated on morphological characters and photosynthetic pigments on plants and the optimal silicon concentration was tried to be determined. Ceyhan99 is a bread wheat variety with low salt tolerance and moderate drought tolerance. Silicon was applied to the plants 2 times in total. For salt stress, plants were exposed to stress by adding 100 mM salt in the first week and 200 mM salt in the second week. For drought stress, plants were exposed to drought by watering at one week intervals. In the study, plant height, plant weight, root height, root weight, relative water content, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid and total chlorophyll amount were determined. While no change was observed in root weight in 100 ppm silicon application to the control groups, a statistical increase was found in other parameters such as plant height, plant weight, and root weight. When photosynthetic pigments were examined, the amount of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll decreased under stress condition compared to the control but the amount of carotenoid increased. As a result of the research, silicon applications in the studied parameters helped to reduce the harmful effects of drought and salt stress, it is seen that it can increase the development of wheat plant by reducing the severity of water scarcity in semi-arid regions caused by drought and salinity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Autumn leaf colour changes in gamma-ray (Cobalt 60)-induced mutant apple population
- Author
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Ayşe Nilgün ATAY, Ersin ATAY, and Burak KUNTER
- Subjects
abiotic stress ,malus × domestica ,malus slyvestris ,aphid population ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
In temperate deciduous fruits covering apples, the chlorophyll, gives the leaves green colour, begins to breakdown in autumn, and the colour changes occur before leaf fall. It is assumed that these different leaf colours observed in autumn are not simply an effect of leaf senescence, and several hypotheses based on photoprotection and animal-plant interactions have emerged. It is also suggested the dark pigments especially like red anthocyanin-derived have a warning signal as a protection or defense. In this study, autumn leaf colour changes in putative apple 'Amasya' mutants generated by gamma ray irradiation were investigated to provide the current knowledge on autumn colours. The colour codes were defined according to the presence on more or less than 80% of leaves and were assessed for each putative mutants and cultivar. It was determined that 82% of population had yellow leaf colour in autumn and was in the same leaf colour group as the original 'Amasya'. Leaf colours of 'Granny Smith', 'Crissp Pink' and 'Braeburn' were found to be quite green compared to 'Amasya'. There was no mutant with a completely red leaf colour in the population. However, in the yellow-red group with very dark pigments there were 58 mutants constituting 15% of the population. The decrease in L * and ho values in this group is an indication of a higher anthocyanin pigment. As they have a clearer polymorphism, further researches to be done with different leaf colour mutants may provide important contributions to understanding these colour changes in autumn.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. How Do Foliar Application of Melatonin and L-Tryptophan Affect Lettuce Growth Parameters Under Salt Stress?
- Author
-
Fatih Hancı and Gizem Tuncer
- Subjects
abiotic stress ,melatonin ,seedling ,tolerance ,l-tryptophan ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exogenous Melatonin (100, 300 and 500 µM) and L-tryptophan (125, 250, 375 ppm) applications on some growth parameters of lettuce plants grown under salt stress. The study was carried out under semi-controlled greenhouse conditions in spring (March/April) season. The exogenous applications to lettuce plants were carried out two times as foliar spraying. Salt stress was generated by adding NaCl (0 mM, 100 mM, 200 mM) to irrigation water. The complete randomized design was used with three replications in this experiment. At the end of the study, it was found that the highest doses of exogenous applications had the highest effect on the parameters of the number of leaves, salinity necrosis, fresh leaf weight, fresh root weight, and total surface area of lettuce plants under 200 mM salinity condition. When the effects of the subtract on these values were compared, the effect of melatonin was found to be more pronounced. Leaf width, leaf length, and leaf surface temperature values were not affected by the external application. These values only changed depending on salt concentration. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the application of 500 µM melatonin significantly increased salt tolerance in lettuce plants. However, in order to reach a more general conclusion, the dose ranges and genotype/variety numbers should be increased.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Induction of Anthocyanin Accumulation in Callus Culture of 'Karaerik' (Vitis vinifera L.) by Ultraviolet Irradiation Effect
- Author
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Dilhem OĞUZ, Nurhan KESKİN, and Fethi Ahmet ÖZDEMİR
- Subjects
grapevine ,plant tissue culture ,elicitor ,secondary metabolite ,abiotic stress ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
In this study, the effect of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on the induction of anthocyanin production in callus cultures of 'Karaerik' grape cultivar was investigated. The most appropriate callus tissues were obtained from the leaves of the cuttings grown in in vitro plants. Gamborg B-5 medium containing 3 combinations of NAA (naphthalene acetic acid), and Kin (kinetin) was used. Callus tissues were subcultured two times with 21 days intervals. After the second subculture, 12 and 15 day old callus tissues were exposed to 254 nm UV-C light at 10 cm distance from the source for 10 and 15 min by opening covers of the petri dishes in the sterile cabin. After the treatment, callus tissues were incubated under dark conditions. Anthocyanin values were measured at 0, 24th, 48th and 72nd hours by spectrophotometer. It has been determined that UV radiation is effective for the induction of anthocyanin production in grape tissues. The highest anthocyanin production (196.74 μmol g-1 FW) was obtained from 12 day old calli grown in the first medium for a 72-hour incubation period after 10 min UV irradiation.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Genotypic Variation in Calcium Uptake in Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under Chilling Stress
- Author
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Sultan DERE, Hayriye Yıldız DAŞGAN, Elife CEYLAN, and Merve İLHAN
- Subjects
cold stress ,bean ,calcium ,abiotic stress ,low temperature ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Plants are constantly exposed to different abiotic stresses throughout their lifecycle. Sub-optimal temperatures are important abiotic stress factors in agriculture. Plant growth, development, yield, and crop quality are significantly affected by low temperature stress. In the present study, 95 different common bean genotypes were grown in the growth chamber. As the control group, the growth chamber was designed to be 16/8 h light and dark with 25 °C and 20 °C day/night temperatures, respectively. Fifteen days old seedlings were exposed to chilling stress as cold stress treatment in the dark (night) at 4 °C for 8 hours and in light (day) at 25 oC for 16 hours. After fifteen days of low temperature stress, the experiment was completed to investigate calcium (Ca) intake in plants. Shoot Ca concentration of the genotypes were analyzed and genotypes were classified according to their Ca content. Therefore 24 genotypes were found to have less than ≤0.5%, 35 genotypes were found to have between 0.51 to1.0% and 36 genotypes were found to have between 1.01 to 3.0% Ca content under chilling stress.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Determination of low temperature tolerances of some tomato genotypes
- Author
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Akın TEPE and Aylin KABAŞ
- Subjects
abiotic stress ,cold tolerance ,chilling tolerance ,wild genotypes ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Low temperature is one of the most important environmental stress factors. In this study, 9 of pure lines at the F9 stage which belonged to Batı Akdeniz Agricultural Research Institute (BATEM) were used as a plant material to determine the lines tolerant to low temperatures. Low temperature applications were carried out in vegetative and generative stages. Solanum hirsutum (LA 1777) and 2 commercial varieties; (Cigdem F1 and Anit F1) used as tolerant genotypes (Control). The tomato seeds were germinated and grown in a mixture of peat and perlite (1:1 v/v). When the seedlings reached two true leaf stages, they were taken to the temperature, humidity and light controlled growth chamber for low temperature applications in vegetative test. At the vegetative test, plants were exposed to the 5±1°C, at light intensity 350 μmol m-2 sec-1 for five days. In the generative tests, the genotypes were selfed in the growth chamber with 5±1°C and 180 μmol m-2 sec-1 of light intensity and taken to the greenhouse for fruit set after three days. As a result, it was determined that genotypes 5 and 6 were found as tolerant to the low temperatures in terms of dry matter production and seed amount both in vegetative and generative stages.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Salvia officinalis (Tıbbi Adaçayı) Bitkisinin Bazı Abiyotik Stres Faktörlerine Yanıtları.
- Author
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ELMAS, Sinem
- Subjects
- *
SAGE , *EFFECT of environment on plants , *ABIOTIC stress , *NATIONAL currencies , *DOMESTIC markets - Abstract
In the world the usage area and market demand of Salvia officinalis (common sage) species is gradually increasing. In recent years, this species, which has been cultivated in different provinces of our country, is exported to many countries around the world every year, and a significant amount of foreign currency input is obtained. It is important to know the effects of environmental factors on the plant when it comes to quality and yield in Salvia officinalis cultivation, which has an important place in domestic and foreign markets. In this review, the responses of plants to some abiotic stress factors in Salvia officinalis cultivation practices were investigated. Research has shown that different abiotic stresses trigger different responses in the Salvia officinalis species. The most important advantage of some abiotic stress factors on Salvia officinalis is that the high concentration of an active substance desired to be used as a phytopharmacon can be achieved by deliberate application of some stress factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Water-yield relations and economic evaluation of quinoa irrigated with drainage water in the Çukurova Region
- Author
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Semih Metin Sezen, Servet Tekin, and Mehmet Yıldız
- Subjects
Abiotic stress ,Line-source sprinkler ,Salinity ,Water saving ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effect of drainage water at different growth stages of quinoa (cv. Titicaca) in the Çukurova region of Turkey in 2014 and 2015 on yield, yield components, water use efficiency and salt accumulation in the plant root zone. The line-source sprinkler lateral was used in order to create gradually varying deficit irrigation treatments (I1 through I5). Drainage water was applied to replenish soil water deficit in the 60 cm depth to the field capacity during four growth stages of quinoa (early vegetation, late vegetation, flowering and grain filling) in treatment plots adjacent to sprinkler lateral (I1). Total amount of drainage water applied to treatment (I1) was 344 and 400 mm; and seasonal water use (ET) was 514, and 459 mm, respectively, for two years. Irrigation levels (I1-I4) influenced significantly quinoa yields and yield components. Maximum yield was obtained from the I1 treatment as 4510-4880 kg ha-1; and the lowest yield was obtained from the rainfed treatment (I5) as 1880 and 1430 kg ha-1, respectively. Significant linear relationships were found between seed yield and ET. The yield response factor (ky) was 1.17 in 2014 and 1.06 in 2015. Soil salinity decreased with increasing depth in all treatments. In conclusion, full irrigation using drainage water (1.6 dS m-1) is recommended for sprinkler irrigated quinoa in order to obtain higher yield in the Çukurova region.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. In Vitro Koşullarda Farklı Glisin Konsantrasyonlarının Çileklerde Tuzluluk Stresi Üzerine Etkileri.
- Author
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Yavuzlar, Eda Elif, Karadal, Serra, and Adak, Nafiye
- Abstract
Copyright of Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Ondokuz Mayis Universitesi, Ziraat Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Effect of Polyamine on Pigmentation, Reactive Oxidative Species and Antioxidant under Drought in Maize (Zea mays L.)
- Author
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Sharmin Akter, Md. Golam Rasul, Mohammad Zakaria, Md. Mahathir Sarker, Irin Sultana Nila, Sudipta Dutta, Md. Masudul Haque, and Md. Motiar Rohman
- Subjects
Oxidative stress ,Abiotic stress ,Polyethylene Glycol ,Antioxidants ,AsA-GSH cycle ,Homeostasis ,Drought ,Maize ,Zea mays L. ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
To examine polyamines (PAs) effect in modulating the drought induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG) in maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings (variety Khoibhutta, 8 day seedlings grown in petri dish in incubator) were subjected to 20% PEG (polyethylene glycol) followed by 20 µmol PAs, Putrescine (Put), Spermidine (Spd) and Spermine (Spm) with PEG solution for 48 hours. Sharp decrease in Relative Water Content (RWC), Chl a, Chl b, carotenoid (Car) and total pigment content was observed under drought compared to control condition, while PAs application reversed their decreasing trends. PEG significantly increased Reactive Oxidative Species (ROS) [superoxide (O2•−) and H2O2], Methyl Glyoxal (MG), Melondialdehyde (MDA) and Lipoxigenase (LOX) activity, while Pas decreased the contents considerably (except MG) as compared to those under drought. Drought increased proline content, which was further augmented in PA treatments. PAs failed to incline glyoxalase’s (Gly-I and Gly-II) activities, reduced under PEG. The activity and western blot confirmed the accumulation of Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) under drought, but PAs failed to augment the activity. Ascorbic Acid (AsA) and Glutathione (GSH) got oxidized into Dehydroascorbate (DHA) and oxidized Glutathione (GSSG) under drought but PAs effectively maintained homeostasis. Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase (POD), Ascorbate Peroxidase (APX), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX), Monodehydroascorbatereductase (MDHAR), Dehydroascorbatereductase (DHAR), and Glutathione Reductase (GR) inclined in drought stressed seedlings, while Catalase (CAT) activity decreased under drought. PAs addition increased SOD, POD, GPX, CAT, MDHAR, and GR activities, but declined DHAR activity. These findings suggested important role of PAs in increasing tolerance under short term drought by modulating antioxidant effect.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Signal Molecule Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) in Plants
- Author
-
İlkay YAVAŞ and Aydın ÜNAY
- Subjects
Abiotic stress ,plants ,hydrogen sulfide ,signal molecule ,cysteine ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gas known as toxic for years with the colorless formation and rotten egg odor. Hydrogen sulfide becomes phytotoxic for the plant when combined with other environmental stress conditions due to the high concentration of the effect on plant cells. Hydrogen sulfide plays a vital role in regulating various physiological processes such as stoma movements in plants, regulation of senescence in flowers and leaves, photosynthesis and germination. Various abiotic stress conditions such as heavy metal stress, drought, waterlogging, salinity, fungal infection, UV-B stress, cold and heat stress triggers the production of H2S. In response to environmental stresses, plants synthesize hydrogen sulfide via L-cysteine desulfhydrase (LCD), D-cysteine desulfhydrase (DCD), sulfate reductase (SIR), cyanoalanine synthesis (CAS) and cysteine synthesis (CS) and increase plant tolerance against these stress. Hydrogen sulfide produced by plants is also released to the atmosphere. For this reason, it is necessary to consider H2S as a signal molecule as well as a phytotoxin.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. In Silico Analysis of Mobilome Response to Salt Stress in Phaseolus vulgaris L.
- Author
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Behcet İNAL
- Subjects
Abiotic stress ,common bean ,gene ontology ,genome-wide ,transposon ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Common bean is an important legume that grown and consumed as animal feed and for human nutrition. It is also an important source of protein in developing countries. Transposable elements (TEs) constitute a large part of the genome in various eukaryotic species. TE was described as garbage DNA by researchers for a long time. Recently, it has been found that TEs can move near stress response genes and they have known effects on plant resistance to diverse stresses. With the acquisition of common bean genome sequence, one of the next step is to annotate the genome and define the functional DNA elements. TEs are the most abundant genetic elements of plant genomes and have an important impact on genome stress evolution and genetic variation. So, it is important to determine TEs in the common bean genome. In the current study, genome-wide transposon annotation and definition were achieved in root and leaf tissues of common bean under salt stress. Homology and sequence structure-based methods were used. Tont2-I-Copia and Copia-39 Copia retrotransposons were found to be more in salt-treated roots and leaves respectively. As a result of the analysis, we found TEs number ranging from 46 to 50 belonging to about twenty different plants. Gene ontology analysis of transposon sequences brought the light on diverse important pathways related to abiotic stress conditions.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Oryza sativa Osmyb4 geni aktarılmış transgenik patateste Osmyb4 gen ifadesinin tuzluluk toleransına etkisi.
- Author
-
Aydın, Gülsüm
- Abstract
Copyright of Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Ondokuz Mayis Universitesi, Ziraat Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Bitkilerde Giberellik Asit Hormonunun Sentezi, Sinyal İletimi ve Tuz Stresi Altındaki Etkileri.
- Author
-
SEÇKIN DİNLER, Burcu and ÇETINKAYA, Hatice
- Subjects
- *
GIBBERELLIC acid , *PLANT-water relationships , *CELLULAR signal transduction , *PLANT growth , *PLANT development , *ABIOTIC stress - Abstract
Gibberellic acid is an important hormone that plays role in plant growth and development. It has been the focus of attention of researchers with it's discovery in 1950s. Today, it has been found to play an important role in the improvement of responses to environmental stresses. It was determined that many studies with the effects of gibberellic acid on plants under salinity were reported in literature. It has been known that of gibberellic acid protects plants by maintainig water content, photosyntesis mechanism, solute accumulation, antioxidant defence system. However, the most part of researchers include the results for exogenous application of GA3 to plants. The advances in moleculer techniques allows to do profound investigations related with biosynthesis, signal transduction and responses during stress. It's believed that the usage of this naturel hormone which is effective of coping with increased abiotic stress is very important to increase stress tolerance mechanism. For this reason, in this study, it is emphasized the importance of gibberellic acid in literature and solutions were offered with the subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
32. Gama ışınıyla (Kobalt 60) elde edilmiş mutant elma popülasyonunda sonbahar yaprak renk değişimi.
- Author
-
ATAY, Ayşe Nilgün, ATAY, Ersin, and KUNTER, Burak
- Subjects
ANIMAL-plant relationships ,GAMMA rays ,FALL foliage ,COLOR ,CHLOROPHYLL ,APPLES - Abstract
Copyright of Derim is the property of Bati Akdeniz Agricultural Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Changes in some bioactive compounds of red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.var.Rubra) under water stress.
- Author
-
YILDIRIM, Murat, ERKEN, Okan, and KIZILKAYA, Bayram
- Subjects
DEFICIT irrigation ,CLAY loam soils ,WATER shortages ,MICROIRRIGATION ,COLE crops ,MALIC acid ,IRRIGATION water ,WATER levels - Abstract
Copyright of Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences is the property of Akdeniz Universitesi Ziraat Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Kargı Kamışı (Arundo donax L.)’nda Tuz Stresinin Morfolojik ve Fizyolojik Özelliklere Etkisi.
- Author
-
KUŞVURAN, Alpaslan, KUŞVURAN, Şebnem, NAZLI, Recep İrfan, and TANSI, Veyis
- Abstract
Copyright of Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Journal of Agricultural Sciences (YYU J Agr Sci) is the property of Yuzuncu Yil University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Drought stress and plant physiology
- Author
-
Selda ÖRS and Melek EKİNCİ
- Subjects
Abiotic stress ,Drought ,Plant physiology ,Stomatal conductance ,Osmotic adjustment ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Drought stress has been an important issue nowadays in plant production because of the decline in quantity and quality of water resources in the world and it leads to alter the normal physiological function of the economically high valued plants. This situation makes cultivation of plants tolerant to high stress more crucial. Therefore, current studies are mostly focused on the explaining the tolerance mechanisms of highly drought resistant plants and protecting and transforming of the plant genetic sources. In this paper, drought effects on the plants, plant physiological reactions to drought and adaptation mechanisms of the plants are explained by referring important researches done in the recent years.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Determination of germination and some early growth parameters of cress (Lepidium sativum L.) seeds under different lead concentration stress and vermicompost applications
- Author
-
Sultan DERE and Hayriye Yıldız DAŞGAN
- Subjects
Çimlenme ,Kurşun stresi ,Organik gübre ,Tere ,Vermikompost ,Abiyotik stres ,Organic fertilizer ,Germination ,Lead stress ,Abiotic stress ,Cress ,Vermicompost - Abstract
Bu çalışma, Bu-Ter tere (Lepidium sativum L.) tohumlarına uygulama olarak ağır metal kurşunun farklı konsantrasyonları ve vermikompost uygulamasının çimlenme ve fide gelişim parametrelerine etkisi belirlenmesi amacıyla tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre üç tekrarlamalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışma Siirt Üniversitesi Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü Laboratuvarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Denemede kullanılan uygulamalar 0, 500, 1000, 1500 ppm, vermikompost, 500 ppm+vermikompost, 1000 ppm+vermikompost, 1500 ppm+vermikompost olarak belirlenmiştir. Petrilere tohumlar eklenmiş ve uygulamalar yapıldıktan sonra 22±1 °C sıcaklığa ayarlanmış etüve yerleştirilmiştir. Çalışma sonunda çimlenme yüzdesi (%), ortalama çimlenme zamanı (gün), çimlenme hızı (çimlenme indeksi), vigor indeksi gibi çimlenme parametreleri ile fide boyu (cm), hipokotil çapı (cm), kök uzunluğu (cm), yaş ağırlık ve kuru ağırlık (mg) parametreleri değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, Pb konsantrasyonu arttıkça çimlenme yüzdesinin azaldığı belirlenmiştir. En düşük çimlenme yüzdesine 1500 ppm Pb uygulamasında %60.75 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ortalama çimlenme süresi bakımından, vermikompost uygulamasının Pb ile birlikte uygulanmasının 500 ppm Pb ve 1500 ppm Pb uygulamasındaki ortalama çimlenme süresini düşürdüğü ancak 1000 ppm Pb uygulamasında ise negatif etki yaparak ortalama çimlenme süresini arttırdığı belirlenmiştir. Çimlenme indeksinin en düşük 1500 ppm Pb uygulamasında 9.900 olduğu görülmüştür. En yüksek çimlenme enerjisinin 93.333 ile vermikompost uygulamasında, en düşük ise 500 ppm kurşun uygulamasında 2.667 olarak belirlenmiştir. Vigor indeksi, boy uzunluğu, hipokotil çapı ve kök uzunluğunu en yüksek vermikompost uygulamasında olduğu görülmüştür. Fide yaş ve kuru ağırlığı bakımından uygulamalar arasındaki farklılığın istatistiksel olarak önemli olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak Bu-Ter tere tohumunda uygulamaların belirli düzeylerde etkili olduğu ve elde edilen sonuçlar ışığında ilerde tere genotip ve çeşitleri üzerine yapılacak olan daha geniş çaplı çalışmalara referans olacağı düşünülmektedir. This study was carried out in three replications according to the randomized plot design in order to determine the effects of different concentrations of heavy metal lead and vermicompost application on germination and seedling growth parameters as an application of Bu-Ter cress (Lepidium sativum L.) seeds. The study was carried out in laboratory of Siirt University Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture. The applications used in the experiment were determined as 0, 500, 1000, 1500 ppm, vermicompost, 500 ppm+vermicompost, 1000 ppm+vermicompost, 1500 ppm+vermicompost. Seeds were added to the petri dishes and after the applications were made, they were placed in an oven set at 22±1 °C. At the end of the study, germination parameters such as germination percentage (%), average germination time (day), germination rate (germination index), vigor index, and seedling length (cm), hypocotyl diameter (cm), root length (cm), fresh weight and dry weight (mg) parameters were evaluated. According to the results obtained, it was determined that the germination percentage decreased as the Pb concentration increased. It was determined that the lowest germination percentage was 60.75% in 1500 ppm Pb application. In terms of average germination time, it was determined that the application of vermicompost together with Pb decreased the average germination time in 500 ppm Pb and 1500 ppm Pb applications, but increased the average germination time by having a negative effect in 1000 ppm Pb application. The lowest germination index was found to be 9.900 in 1500 ppm Pb application. The highest germination energy was determined as 93.333 in vermicompost application, and the lowest in 500 ppm lead application was determined as 2.667. Vigor index, height, hypocotyl diameter and root length were found to be highest in vermicompost application. It was determined that the difference between the applications in terms of seedling fresh and dry weight was not statistically significant. As a result, it is thought that the applications in Bu-Ter cress seeds are effective at certain levels and in the light of the results obtained, it is thought that it will be a reference for wider studies on the cress genotype and varieties in the future.
- Published
- 2022
37. Çukurova bölgesinde drenaj suyu ile sulanan kinoa bitkisinde su-verim ilişkileri ve ekonomik değerlendirme.
- Author
-
SEZEN, Semih Metin, TEKİN, Servet, and YILDIZ, Mehmet
- Abstract
Copyright of Derim is the property of Bati Akdeniz Agricultural Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Nitrik Oksit Uygulamalarının Bitkilerde Abiyotik Stres Şartlarına Toleransı Arttırmadaki Etkileri.
- Author
-
EKİNCİ, Melek, ÖRS, Selda, TURAN, Metin, and YILDIRIM1, Ertan
- Subjects
NITRIC oxide ,TOLERATION ,ABIOTIC stress ,AGRICULTURAL productivity ,OXIDATIVE stress - Abstract
Copyright of Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Journal of Agricultural Sciences (YYU J Agr Sci) is the property of Yuzuncu Yil University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Ekmeklik Buğdaya Salisilik Asit Uygulamasının Çimlenme Döneminde Kuraklık Stresine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi
- Author
-
Melikşah YILMAZ and Ferhat KIZILGEÇİ
- Subjects
Ziraat ,Abiyotik stres ,Kök uzunluğu ,Çimlenme hızı ,PEG 6000 ,Abiotic stress ,Root length ,Germination rate ,Agriculture - Abstract
Seed germination and seedling formation are the most important stages in the plant growth cycle. The main issues in drought-prone areas are poor seed germination and seedling emergence. The current study was conducted to determine the responses of two bread wheat genotypes (DZ17-1 and Empire Plus) to drought stress during germination and early development periods. A randomized plots factorial design with four replications was used in the laboratory of the Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Şırnak University. The seeds of bread wheat genotypes were treated with 0, 0.5, and 1 mM SA in the study. Seeds germinated in five different drought stress environments (0, -0.25, -0.50, -0.75, -1 MPa PEG 6000 solution). Coleoptile length, root length, seedling length, germination rate, and germination vigor were all measured. According to the findings, increased drought stress had a negative effect on all of the traits studied. In drought conditions, only 0.5 mM SA application had an increasing effect on germination rate and germination vigor properties. It was found that the Empire Plus cultivar was more drought tolerant., Tohum çimlenmesi ve fide oluşumu, bitki büyüme döngüsündeki en hayati aşamadır. Kuraklığa meyilli alanlarda, zayıf tohum çimlenmesi ve fide çıkışı başlıca problemlerdendir. Mevcut araştırma, iki ekmeklik buğday genotipine (DZ17-1 ve Empire Plus) farklı dozlarda salisilik asit uygulamasının çimlenme ve erken gelişim döneminde kuraklık stresine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırma Şırnak Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü laboratuvarında tesadüf parsellerinde faktöriyel deneme desenine göre dört tekrarlamalı olarak kurulmuştur. Çalışmada, ekmeklik buğday genotiplerinin tohumlarına 0, 0.5 ve 1 mM SA uygulanmıştır. Tohumlar 5 farklı kuraklık stresi (0, -0.25, -0.50, -0.75, -1 MPa PEG 6000 çözeltisi) ortamında çimlendirilmiştir. Koleoptil uzunluğu, kök uzunluğu, fide boyu, çimlenme hızı ve çimlenme gücü özellikleri incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; artan kuraklık stresi incelenen tüm özellikler üzerinde olumsuz etkiye sahip olmuştur. Kuraklık koşullarında sadece 0.5 mM SA uygulaması çimlenme hızı ve çimlenme gücü özelliklerinde artırıcı etkiye sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Empire Plus çeşidinin kuraklık stresine daha toleranslı olduğu belirlenmiştir.
- Published
- 2022
40. Investigating the role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) to improve drought tolerance at biochemical and gene expression levels in tomato plant (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
- Author
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Andiç, Muhammed, Yöntem, Mustafa, Erci, Fatih, Danışman: 0000-0001-9350-8708, and NEÜ, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Biyoteknoloji Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Abiyotik Stres ,Drought ,Gene Expression ,Kuraklık ,Abiotic Stress ,Hydrogen Sulfide ,Domates ,Hidrojen Sülfür ,Gen İfadesi ,Tomato ,miRNA - Abstract
Yüksek Lisans Tezi, H2S'in bitki büyüme ve gelişimi üzerinde etkileri olduğu uzun zamandır bilinmekle birlikte, sinyal molekülü fonksiyonlarının araştırılması ancak son birkaç yıla dayanmaktadır. İlgili çalışmalar, bitkilerde abiyotik stres altında H2S birikiminin arttığını rapor etmekte ve mikro molar düzeyde H2S uygulamasının abiyotik stres toleransı sağlamada etkili olduğuna göstermektedir. Kuraklık tarımsal üretimde verim kaybına sebep olan büyük etmenlerden biridir ve yakın gelecekte dünya üzerinde kuraklıktan etkilenen alan ve kuraklığın etki derecesinin artacağı ön görülmektedir. H2S in mevcut literatür ile bildirilen bitkilerde kuraklık toleransı sağlama etkisi ümit vericidir ancak çalışmaların çoğunluğu Arabidopsis 'te gerçekleştirilmiş olup majör tarım ürünlerinde molekülün kuraklık cevabına etkisinin incelendiği çalışmalar son derece sınırlıdır. Domates dünya genelinde tüketilen başlıca tarım ürünlerinden biri olup ülkemiz tarım ekonomisi için büyük öneme sahip olması ile birlikte bitki fizyolojisi ile moleküler biyoloji ve genetik çalışmaları için önemli bir model organizmadır. Çalışma kapsamında H2S uygulamasının kuraklık koşulları altında abiyotik stres cevabı ile ilişkili gen ifadesine olası etkileri absisik aside duyarlı ve absisik asitten bağımsız yolaklar göz önüne alınarak ve stres cevabı ile ilişkili mikro RNA ve mikro RNA'ya duyarlı genler de çalışmaya dahil edilerek araştırılmıştır. H2S uygulamasının hücre zararı markörü bileşikler ve antioksidan enzimlerin birikimine etkileri kimyasal analizler ile belirlenmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda H2S'in domates bitkisinde kuraklık toleransı sağlamada etkili olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. H2S uygulanan gruplarda MDA birikimi daha az olmuş, antioksidan enzim miktarlarında ise çok fazla artış olmuştur. Gen ekspresyonu çalışmalarının tamamında kuraklık stresi altında NaHS uygulanan gruptaki ekspresyon oranı kontrol grubuna ve kuraklık uygulaması altındaki kontrol grubuna göre daha fazla olduğu gözlenmiştir., While it has been acknowledged for long that H2S has effects on plant growth and development, its functions as a putative signalling molecule are only recently being investigated. On the other hand, relevant research indicates that H2S accumulation increases in response to abiotic stress and applications of H2S in micromolar concentrations display effects of improved drought tolerance. Drought is among the major causes of yield losses in agricultural production and, both the area of affected land and the degree of drought effect is predicted to expand in the near future. Despite promising results regarding the effect of H2S to confer drought tolerance in plants, the majority of relevant work has been conducted in Arabidopsis with few such studies conducted in major food crops. Tomato is one of the main agricultural products consumed worldwide, and it is an important model organism for plant physiology and molecular biology and genetic studies, as well as having great importance for our country's agricultural economy. In the proposed work, the effects of H2S application under drought stress will be evaluated based on gene expression changes that involve abiotic stress response related genes representing both abscisic acid responsive and independent pathways. Gene expression analyses will also target stress responsive micro RNA and micro RNA regulated genes. Chemical analyses will involve investigating the effects of H2S application on the accumulation of cell damage markers and antioxidant enzymes. As a result of the studies, it has been revealed that H2S is effective in providing drought tolerance in tomato plants. In experimental groups treated with H2S, MDA accumulation was less, and antioxidant enzyme amounts increased more than other experimental groups. In all gene expression studies, the rate of expression in the group undergoing NaHS under drought stress was significantly higher than the control group and the control group under drought practice.
- Published
- 2020
41. GAF-MTN Soğan Gen Havuzunda Yer Alan Hatlarda Kuraklık Stresi Uygulamasının Tohum Üretimine Etkisi
- Author
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Öztürk, Ayşe, Öztürk Gökçe, Zahide Neslihan, and Tarımsal Genetik Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Drought stress ,Seed yield ,Allium cepa L ,Ziraat ,Water stress ,Abiyotik stres ,Agriculture ,Onion seed ,Abiotic stress ,Tohum verimi ,Kuraklık stresi - Abstract
Küresel ısınmanın artmasıyla birlikte etkisini daha fazla göstermeye başlayan kuraklık stresi, önemli abiyotik stres faktörlerindendir. Soğan (Allium cepa L.) saçak kök yapısına sahip olduğu için kuraklığa hassas bir bitkidir. Bu yüzden soğan yetiştiriciliğinde ciddi bir risk oluşturmakta ve verim kayıplarına neden olmaktadır. Baş bağlama aşamasında uygulanan kuraklık stresi, baş soğan verimini ve ikinci sene gerçekleşen tohum verimini etkilemektedir. Bu tez çalışması kuraklık stresinin soğan çeşitlerinde tohum verimi üzerine etkisini saptamak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Bu amaçla uygun sera koşullarında GAF-MTN soğan gen havuzunda yer alan 10 kısa ve 15 uzun gün hatlar kullanılmıştır. Kuraklık stresi uygulanan soğan çeşitlerinin tohum aşamasında incelenmesiyle kontrol ve stres koşulları altında ortaya çıkan farklılıklar değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak kısa gün genotipleri arasından tohum verimi açısından, en toleranslı genotip K39 iken, en az toleranslı genotip K58 olarak saptanmıştır. Uzun gün genotipleri arasında ise tohum verimi açısından kuraklık stresine karşı en toleranslı genotip U2 olurken, en az toleranslı genotipin U31 olduğu tespit edilmiştir., Drought stress, which has started to show its effect more with the increase of global warming, is one of the important abiotic stress factors. Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a drought-sensitive plant due to its fringed root structure. For this reason, it creates a serious risk in onion cultivation and causes yield losses. Drought stress applied at the head tying stage, It affects the head onion yield and the seed yield in the second year. This thesis study was conducted to determine the effect of drought stress on seed yield in onion varieties. For this purpose, 10 short and 15 long day lines in the GAF-MTN onion gene pool under suitable greenhouse conditions were used. By examining the drought-stressed onion varieties at the seed stage, the differences arising under control and stress conditions were evaluated. As a result, K39 was the most tolerant genotype among the short day genotypes in terms of seed yield, while the least tolerant genotype was K58. Among the long day genotypes, the most tolerant genotype against drought stress in terms of seed yield was U2, while the least tolerant genotype was U31.
- Published
- 2020
42. Effects of mulch applications on development of grafted and own-rooted grapevine saplings of Michele Palieri table grapes under nursery condition
- Author
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Mohammed, Orhan Jamal Mohammed, Sabır, Ali, and Enstitüler, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bahçe Bitkileri Ana Bilim Dalı
- Subjects
abiotic stress ,Asma fidanı ,Grapevine sapling ,çevre dostu uygulamalar ,eco-friendly practices ,abiyotik stres - Abstract
Tarımsal üretimde yüksek sıcaklık ve düşük yağış oranı ürün verimliliğini olumsuz etkileyen önemli problemlerdendir. Kurak ve yarı kurak iklim bölgelerinde bitkilere yeterli su sağlanamamakta ve bu sorun çiftçileri sulamaya yöneltmektedir. Özellikle kurak ve yarı kurak şartların baskın olduğu karasal iklim koşullarında değişen iklim şartlarının bitkiler üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerine karşı uygulanabilecek çevre dostu stratejilerinden biri malç kullanımıdır. Bu kapsamda polietilen sentetik malç yaygın olmakla birlikte günümüzde çevresel atıkların olumsuz etkilerini azaltmak amacıyla çevre dostu alternatif yaklaşımların kullanımı artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, bazı sentetik malç (siyah ve şeffaf) ve organik malç (buğday sapı) uygulamalarının fidanlık koşullarında aşılı ve aşısız 'Michele Palieri' sofralık üzüm çeşidine ait asma fidanlarının fizyolojisi ve vejetatif gelişimi üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında, toprak nem içeriği, toprak sıcaklığı, stoma iletkenliği, yaprak sıcaklığı, yaprak klorofil içeriği, sürgün uzunluğu, sürgün çapı ve sürgün odunlaşma oranı üzerine uygulanan malç materyallerinin etkili olduğu görülmüştür. Araştırmadan elde edilen genel bulgular, üç malç uygulamasının da asmalarda fizyolojik özellikler ve vejetatif gelişme üzerinde olumlu etkiler gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Genel olarak malç uygulamaları arasında şeffaf ve siyah sentetik malç materyalleri daha etkili bulunmuş olmakla birlikte, organik malç uygulamasının özellikle toprak nemini artırması bakımından önemli olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu nedenle, bağcılıkta sürdürülebilir uygulamalar kapsamında özellikle şeffaf ve siyah sentetik malç uygulamasının tavsiye edilebilir nitelikte olduğu belirlenmiştir. Materyallerin bulunabilirliği, çevresel faktörler ve üretim hedefleri de göz önünde bulundurularak malç materyaline karar verilmesinin uygun olacağı düşünülmektedir. Örneğin, organik bağcılık modelinde ya da hayvansal üretimin yoğun yapıldığı buğday sapı artıklarının bol olduğu yörelerde organik malç kullanımı tercih edilebilir., High temperature and low precipitation rate in agricultural production are important problems affecting the productivity. In arid and semi-arid regions, insufficient available water at the effective root depth forces farmers to irrigate grapevines. The use of mulch is one of the eco-friendly strategies applied to mitigate effects of changing climatic conditions on plants, especially in terrestrial climate conditions where dry and semi-arid conditions predominate. In this context, although the use of polyethylene synthetic mulch is widespread, the use of alternative environmentally friendly approaches is increasing to reduce the negative effects of environmental wastes. In this study, the effects of synthetic mulch (black and transparent polyethylene) and organic mulch (wheat stalk) applications on physiology and development of grape saplings of 'Michele Palieri' table grape cultivar grown as non-grafted on their own roots and grafted onto 1103 P rootstock under nursery conditions were investigated. Within the scope of the study, it was observed that mulch materials applied on soil moisture content, soil temperature, stomatal conductivity, leaf temperature, leaf chlorophyll content, shoot length, shoot diameter and shoot lignification rate were effective. Although transparent and black synthetic mulch materials were found more effective among mulch applications, organic mulch was especially important for maintaining soil moisture. Thus, transparent and black synthetic mulch application can be recommended within the scope of sustainable practices in viticulture. It is thought that the reasons for preferring mulch materials to be used can be evaluated in terms of production purpose, environmental conditions and availability of the material. For example, the use of organic mulch may be preferred in the organic viticulture model or in regions where wheat stalks are abundant deposited from animal production. Keywords: Grapevine sapling, abiotic stress, eco-friendly practices, sustainable viticulture.
- Published
- 2020
43. The effect of combined boric acid and temperature stress on some ecological parameters, antioxidant enzymes and gene expression in sunflower plant (Helianthus annuus L.)
- Author
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Bozca Donbaloğlu, Fadime and Leblebici, Sema
- Subjects
Gen Ekspresyonu ,Abiyotik Stres ,Gene Expression ,Abiotic Stress ,Antioksidan Enzim ,Ekolojik Parametreler ,Ecological Parameters ,Antioxidant Enzyme ,Helianthus Annuus L - Abstract
Değişen iklim koşulları özellikle bitkilerin ekolojik, fizyolojik ve moleküler düzeydeki metabolik faaliyetleri üzerinde olumsuz etkiler oluşturmakta; bitki verimi, kalitesi ve üretimini olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Sıcaklığın yanı sıra bitkilerde abiyotik strese sebep olan bir diğer faktör ise toprakta bulunan makro ve mikro besin elementlerinin miktarlarıdır. Mikro besin elementleri içerisinde yer alan bor elementi, bitkilerin en fazla tepki gösterdiği elementler arasındadır. Bor elementi, bitkide zar geçirgenliği, kök büyümesi, nükleik asit ve ATP sentezi gibi önemli metabolik olaylarda etkilidir. Borun bitkiler üzerindeki bu etkileri, başka bir abiyotik stres faktörünün etkisini inhibe ya da teşvik edebileceğini düşündürmektedir. Bu çalışmada sıcaklık ve bor uygulamasının hem ayrı ayrı hem de kombine etkileri araştırılmıştır. 15, 25 ve 40°C'de yetiştirilen, 10 mM ve 25 mM borik asit uygulanan ayçiçeği bitkisinde kök ve gövde uzunluğu, kök ve gövde yaş-kuru ağırlığı, kök ve gövde biyokütlesi, borik asit tolerans indeksi, lipit peroksidasyonu, toplam protein miktarı, SOD, CAT, APX enzim aktiviteleri ve bu enzimlerin gen ekspresyon seviyelerindeki değişimleri belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak 25 ve 40°C'deki örneklerin artan borik asit konsantrasyonuna bağlı olarak kök ve gövdeye ait ekolojik parametrelerde azalmanın olduğu 15°C'deki örneklerde ise literatürde yer alan düşük sıcaklıkla ilgili çalışmaların aksine kök ve gövdeye ait ekolojik parametrelerin olumlu etkilendiği ve artış gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. 40°C'deki kök ve yaprak örneklerinin antioksidan enzim aktiviteleri ve mRNA seviyelerinin arttığı belirlenmiştir. 15°C'de ise antioksidan enzim aktiviteleri ve mRNA seviyelerinin kök örneklerinde arttığı, yaprak örneklerinde azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Ekolojik parametreler incelendiğinde düşük sıcaklıkta yüksek bor uygulamasının ilginç bir şekilde bitki büyümesini teşvik ettiği, antioksidan enzim aktiviteleri ve mRNA ekspresyon seviyeleri incelendiğinde ise bitkinin düşük sıcaklığı tolere etmesinde oldukça etkili olduğu ortaya konmuştur. The changes in climatological conditions have negative effects on the ecological, physiological, and molecular metabolic activities of plants; it adversely affects plant yield, quality, and production. In addition to temperature, another factor that causes abiotic stress in plants is the amount of macro and micronutrients in the soil. The boron element, which is within the micronutrients, is in the elements that plants react most to. Boron element is effective in important metabolic events in the plant such as membrane permeability, root growth, nucleic acid, and ATP synthesis. It suggests that boron may inhibit or promote another abiotic stress factor that affects plants. Although there are studies about the effects of temperature or boron on plants in the literature, there are no studies unraveling the combined effects of boron element on plant metabolism, which are applied simultaneously at different temperatures. In this study, individually and combined effects of heat and boron application were investigated. Root and stem length, root and stem wet-dry weight, root and stem biomass, boric acid tolerance index, lipid peroxidation, total protein amount, SOD, CAT, APX enzyme activities, and changes in gene expression levels of these enzymes were determined in sunflower plants grown at 15, 25 and 40°C and treated with 10 mM and 25 mM boric acid. As a result, the ecological parameters of the root and stem decreased due to the increasing boric acid concentration of the plants at 25 and 40°C. Besides the ecological parameters of the root and stem were positively affected and increased at 15°C in contrast to the studies on low temperature in the literature has been determined. Antioxidant enzyme activities and mRNA levels of root and leaf samples increased at 40°C. However, antioxidant enzyme activities and mRNA levels increased in root samples and decreased in leaf samples at 15°C. When ecological parameters are examined, interestingly it has been revealed that the application of high boron concentration at low temperature encourages the growth of the plant, and when the antioxidant enzyme activities and mRNA expression levels are examined, it has been shown that the plant is very effective in tolerating low-temperature stress.
- Published
- 2020
44. Farklı Bölgelere Ait Ticari Şarapların Resveratrol İçerikleri.
- Author
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Yaman, Ünal Rıza, Yıldırım, Hatice Kalkan, Adıgüzel, Belkıs, and Yücel, Ufuk
- Subjects
- *
FRUIT wines , *HIGH performance liquid chromatography , *CONCENTRATION functions , *GRAPE varieties , *RESVERATROL , *VEGETATION & climate , *ABIOTIC stress - Abstract
In this study, trans-resveratrol concentrations of commercial wines produced from different grape varieties are determined by high performance liquid chromatograpy. The results are compared from the point of ecological conditions of wine regions (vegetation time, sunshine duration, total effective temperature, rainfall) and correlations between resveratrol amounts and grape variety, meteorological conditions and abiotic stres (UV light) are investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
45. Ekmeklik buğdayda (Triticum aestivum L.) çimlenme ve erken gelişim döneminde kuraklık ve tuz stresine tepkilerin belirlenmesi
- Author
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İyem, Ece, Yıldırım, Mehmet, Dicle Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tarla Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, İyem, Ece, and Tarla Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Carotenoid ,Ziraat ,Proline ,Chlorophyll b ,Karotenoid ,Chlorophyll a ,Abiyotik stres ,Klorofil b ,Klorofil a ,Prolin ,Agriculture ,Abiotic stress ,PEG - Abstract
Lisansüstü tezlerin elektronik ortamda toplanması, düzenlenmesi ve erişime açılması konusuna ilişkin yök'ün 18.06.2018 tarihli yönergesine istinaden artık bu tarihten sonra gizlilik şartı aranmayan bütün tezler erişime açılacaktır. Günümüzde iklim değişimi dünya genelinde buğday üretimini olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Bu olumsuzlukların başında kuraklık ve tuzluluk gibi abiyotik stres faktörleri ön plana çıkmaktadır. Gelecekte bu stres faktörlerine karşı dayanıklı çeşitlerin belirlenmesi ve geliştirilmesi büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışma, 5 ekmeklik buğday genotipinin (Lok-1, Lucilla, RSP-561, Envoy ve Wafia) çimlenme ve erken gelişim döneminde kuraklık ve tuz stresine tepkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla; 2018 yılında Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü laboratuarında tesadüf parselleri faktöriyel deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Denemede, ekmeklik buğday genotiplerine 4 farklı kuraklık stresi (kontrol, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6 MPa, PEG-6000 çözeltisi kullanılarak) ve 4 farklı tuzluluk stresi (kontrol, 4, 8 ve 12 dS/m, NaCl çözeltisi kullanılarak) uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada çim kını uzunluğu, kök uzunluğu, sürgün uzunluğu, kök yaş ve kuru ağırlığı, sürgün yaş ve kuru ağırlığı, çimlenme hızı, çimlenme gücü, oransal nem içeriği, turgor ağırlığı, klorofil-a, klorofil-b, karotenoid ve toplam klorofil içeriklerinde ve prolin içeriği özellikleri incelenmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen verilere göre tuz ve kuraklık stresinde kök/sürgün oranı özelliği hariç diğer incelenen özelliklerin tümünde istatistiksel olarak önemli farklılıklar görülmüştür. Kuraklık ve tuz stresi artışına bağlı olarak, kök uzunluğu, sürgün uzunluğu, kök yaş ve kuru ağırlığı, sürgün yaş ve kuru ağırlığı, çimlenme hızı, çimlenme gücü, oransal nem içeriği, turgor ağırlığı, klorofil-a,klorofil-b, karotenoid ve toplam klorofil içeriklerinde kontrol koşulları ile karşılaştırıldığında incelene bu özelliklerde azalma meydana geldiği görülmüştür. Çim kını uzunluğu ve prolin içeriği özelliğinde ise artış meydana gelmiştir. Genotipler arasında kuraklık ve tuzluluk stresine en iyi yanıt veren genotip RSP-561 olduğu, klorofil-a, klorofil-b, karotenoid ve toplam klorofil miktarında ise Lok-1 çeşidi olumlu tepki verdiği görülmüştür. Lucilla çeşidi ise, kuraklık ve tuzluluğa hassas olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yapılan araştırma sonucunda kuraklık ve tuzluluk dozu artışı ekmeklik buğday genotiplerinin erken gelişim dönemlerinde olumsuz yönde etkilediği, stres koşulları artışına bağlı olarak dirençli genotiplerde prolin miktarında artış meydana getirmiştir. In recently, climate change has a negative impact on wheat production worldwide. Abiotic stress factors such as drought and salinity come to the forefront. It is of great importance to identify and develop varieties resistant to these stress factors in the future. In this study, in order to determine the response of drought and salt stress in 5 bread wheat genotypes (Lok-1, Lucilla, RSP-561, Envoy and Wafia) during germination and early growth stage; was carried out according to completely randomized factorial design with three replications, at Cukurova University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture in 2018. In the experiment, 4 different drought stresses (control, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6 MPa, by using PEG-6000 solution) and 4 different salinity stress (control, 4, 8 and 12 dS / m by using NaCl solution) was applied to bread wheat genotypes. In the research, root length, coleoptile length, shoot length, root fresh and dry weight, shoot fresh and dry weight, germination rate, seed vigor, relative water content, turgor weight, chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, carotenoid, and total chlorophyll content and proline content were examined. According to the data obtained from the study, statistically, significant differences were observed in all other examined properties, except the root/shoot rate feature in salt and drought stress. Depending on increase in drought and salt stress, root length, shoot length, root fresh and dry weight, shoot fresh and dry weight, germination rate, seed vigor, relative water content, turgor weight, chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, carotenoid, and total chlorophyll content was compared to control conditions, it was observed that these properties decreased. In the case, coleoptile length and proline content were increased. Among genotypes, the genotype RSP-561 was the best response to drought and salinity stress, whereas chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, carotenoid, and total chlorophyll were found to be positive in the Lok-1 variant. The Lucilla cultivar was found to be sensitive to drought and salinity. As a result of the research, an increase in drought and salinity dose negatively affected the bread wheat genotypes in germination and the early growth stage was caused an increase in the proline amount in resistant genotypes due to increased stress conditions.
- Published
- 2019
46. Çinko uygulamalarının kısıntılı sulama şartlarında Alphonse Lavallèe ve İtalia sofralık üzüm çeşitlerinin gelişimi ve fizyolojisine etkileri
- Author
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Sari, Gamze, Sabır, Ali, Enstitüler, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bahçe Bitkileri Ana Bilim Dalı, and Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Ziraat ,Viticulture ,abiotic stress ,Bağcılık ,Agriculture ,abiyotik stres - Abstract
Asma dünyanın çoğu bölgelerinde kurak arazilerde yetiştirilen bitkilerdendir. Ancak, verimlilik ve kalite su kısıtlılığı tarafından sıklıkla sınırlandırılmaktadır. Bazı kurak bölgelerde, kuraklığa çinko (Zn) eksikliği de eklenince, bağcılıkta en ciddi sorunlardan biri olan verim ve kalitede önemli düşüşlere neden olmaktadır. Ancak, asmalarda kuraklık stresine toleransın arttırılmasına yönelik Zn uygulamaları konusunda yeterli seviyede araştırmanın bulunmadığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Zn uygulamasının asmaların su stresine toleransı üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, kuraklığa toleranslı Richter 99 (Vitis berlandieri x Vitis rupestris) anacı üzerine aşılı altı yaşındaki 'Italia' ve 'Alphonse Lavallée' çeşitlerine ait asmalar, topraksız kültür ortamında (70 litrelik saksılarda katı ortam) iki farklı sulama seviyesi [tam sulama; TS (ortamın su tutma potansiyelinin %100 seviyesi) ve kısıntılı sulama; KS ortamın su tutma potansiyelinin %40 seviyesi)] uygulanarak kısmi kontrollü cam sera şartlarında yetiştirilmiştir. Her bir sulama seviyesi de çinko (Zn) uygulaması için iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Zn uygulaması çiçeklenmeden birkaç gün önce ve tane tutumunda olmak üzere iki dönemde yapraktan gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda, %100'ü EDTA formunda olmak üzere %15 Zn içeren ve 2-10 pH aralığında etkinliği bozulmayan yaygın bir ticari ürün %1 oranında (125 mg asma-1) kullanılmıştır. Her çeşide ait ikişer sulama seviyesine tabii tutulan kontrol grubu asmalara ise Zn uygulanmamıştır. Beklendiği üzere KS, genel olarak asmaların sürgün ve yaprak gelişimi gibi vejetatif büyüme özelliklerini sınırlandırıcı etkide bulunmuştur. Yapraktan uygulanan Zn, 'Italia' çeşidinin her iki sulama seviyesinde de sürgün uzunluğunu önemli oranda arttırırken, 'Alphonse Lavallée' çeşidinde KS koşullarında önemli etkide bulunmuştur. Zn uygulaması, her iki çeşidin TS koşulları ile 'Alphonse Lavallée' çeşidinin KS koşullarında yaprak klorofil içeriğini arttırmıştır. KS koşulları, 'Italia' çeşidine ait asmaların stoma iletkenliğini belirgin bir şekilde azaltmıştır. Zn uygulaması, bu çeşidin TS koşullarında yetiştirilen asma grubunda stoma iletkenliğini önemli derecede etkilerken, diğer gruplarda önemli bir etki göstermemiştir. Genel olarak yaprakların Ca içeriği KS koşullarında TS koşullarından daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Zn uygulaması yapılan tüm asmaların yapraklarında Zn içeriği uygulama yapılmayanlardan önemli oranda yüksek bulunmuştur. Zn uygulaması, KS koşullarındaki 'Alphonse Lavallée' asmaları dışındaki tüm grupların P ve Mn içeriğini önemli derecede arttırmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında Zn uygulamasının en belirgin etkisi partenokarpik tane tutumu üzerinde görülmüştür. Genel olarak, Zn uygulaması boncuklanma oluşumunu belirgin şekilde azaltmıştır. 'Italia' çeşidinde, Zn uygulaması TS ve KS şartları altında partenokarpik tane tutma oranını sırasıyla %124 ve %60 oranında azaltmıştır. 'Alphonse Lavallée' çeşidinde ise, Zn uygulaması KS şartlarında önemli oranda etki göstermezken, TS şartlarında partenokarpiyi %40 oranında azaltmıştır. KS koşullarında yetiştirilen 'Italia' çeşidine ait asmalar dışındaki tüm gruplarda Zn uygulamasına bağlı olarak salkım ağırlığında artış görülmüştür. Bu durum benzer oranlarda asma verimine de yansımıştır. Zn uygulaması, KS şartlarındaki 'Italia' asmaları dışındaki gruplarda %10.8 ile %12.8 arasında değişen oranlarda verim artışı sağlamıştır. Uygulamaların üzüm şırasındaki SÇKM, asit ve pH değerleri üzerine etkileri önemsiz bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde, Zn uygulamasının kısıntılı sulama şartlarında gerçekleştirilen üzüm yetiştiriciliğinde asma gelişimi ile verim ve kalitesinin arttırılmasına yönelik önerilebilecek bağcılıkta kültürel uygulamalardan olduğu düşünülmektedir. Benzer çalışmaların yöreye özgü bağcılık (terroir viticulture) koşullarında da gerçekleştirilerek uygulamaya yönelik önerilerin genişletilmesi faydalı olacaktır., Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is an important dryland pulse crop in many parts of the world. However, productivity and quality are often limited by periods of water deficit. In a number of drought regions, drought is accompanied with zinc (Zn) deficiency, one of the most serious problems causing significant decreases in yield and quality in viticulture. In spite of this fact, possible effect of Zn treatment to alleviate the adverse effect of water stress on grapevines has not been studied. A soilless culture research was designed under controlled glasshouse condition with the objective to investigate the effects of Zn pulverization on growth, physiology and nutrient acquisition of grapevine cultivars 'Italia' and 'Alphonse Lavallée' subjected to different irrigation levels. For this purpose, six years old grapevines of the cultivars grafted onto a drought tolerant rootstock Richter 99 (Berlandieri x Rupestris) were cultivated in pots (70 L) and subjected to two different irrigation regimes, FI (100% of field capacity) and DI (40% of FI). Half of the vines for each irrigation group received leaf Zn (100% EDTA form) pulverization (1%) using a commercial formulation (containing 15% Zn at pH: 2-10 range) twice (prior to flowering and berry set). For control groups of each irrigations level for cultivars, Zn treatment was not performed. As predicted, DI has a limiting effect on vegetative growth such as shoot and leaf developments in general. Leaf Zn pulverization significantly increased the shoot length in vines for both irrigation levels in 'Italia', while it had a significant effect on shoot length for only DI condition in 'Alphonse Lavallée'. Zn treatment increased the leaf chlorophyll concentrations in FI level for both cultivars and DI level for 'Alphonse Lavallée'. Stomatal conductance of 'Italia' was markedly decreased by DI. In this cultivar, Zn treatment significantly improved the stomatal conductance of vines subjected to FI, while it did not influence other groups of the vines. In general, Ca concentrations of the leaves were higher in DI than those of FI. Ca concentrations of overall vines received Zn treatment were higher than those of non-treated ones. Zn concentrations of all the vines with Zn treatment were always significantly higher than those of non-treated vines. Zn treatment significantly increased the P and Mn concentrations of all the vines, except for DI irrigation-imposed vines belonging to 'Alphonse Lavallée'. In the scope of the study, the most remarkable effect of Zn treatment might be related with parthenocarpic berry set. Overally, Zn treatment apparently decreased the percentage of parthenocarpic berry set. In 'Italia' cultivar, Zn treatment decreased the parthenocarpy by 124% and 60% under DI condition. As for Alphonse Lavallée', reduction in parthenocarpy due to Zn treatment was 40% under FI, although the treatment effect was insignificant under DI condition. Cluster weights of overall vines were increased by Zn treatment, except for 'Italia' under DI. Such cases were also valid for vine yield. Zn treatment led an improvement percentage in vine yield ranging from 10.8% to 12.8%, except for DI imposed 'Italia' vines. Treatments did not significantly affect SSC, acidity and pH values in must. Considering the overall findings of the study, Zn treatment might be evaluated as one of the viticultural practices for supporting the grapevine growth, yield and quality for especially viticulture under water deficit condition. Further studies with terroir viticulture strategies would also be anticipated to be beneficial for broadening the recommendations for viticultural practices.
- Published
- 2019
47. Salinity stress effect on morphological and physiological properties in giant reed (Arundo donax L.) [Kargı Kamışı (arundo donax L.)’nda tuz stresinin morfolojik ve fizyolojik Özelliklere etkisi]
- Author
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Kuşvuran A., Kuşvuran Ş., Nazli R.İ., Tansi V., and Çukurova Üniversitesi
- Subjects
Energy plants ,Biomass ,Grasses ,Ion ,Abiotic stress - Abstract
Salinity is a significant abiotic stress factor that threatens agriculture in both arid and semiarid environments, affecting over 20% of the world’s irrigated land. In the present study, we have investigated that effects of different salinity levels (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mM NaCl) in giant reed (Arundo donax L.). Salt treatment was started as 50 mM and this concentration was increased day after day, and finally 250 mM concentration of NaCl was applied until harvest time. Stress responses of the giant reed were measured in early plant development stage. In conclusion, the giant reed showed large variation in their response to salt tolerance in different salt levels. The morphological parameters were reduced with increasing salt concentrations; important decreases occurred with 100 mM NaCl and the lowest values were obtained with 250 mM. The highest 0-5 symptoms score were determined in 250 mM levels. The fresh and dry weight, fresh and dry root weight decreased 27-60% and 13-77% compared to control groups, respectively. While the relative water content was obtained 85% in control plants, this parameter decreased 52.5% ration in 250 mM salt level. The increasing salt stress caused decreasing in chlorophyll content. With increasing of salt levels, Na ion content increased on the other hand K and Ca ions contents diminished. The results obtained from this experiment show that high salinity reduced plant growth and development in giant reed. In these levels, 150 mM NaCl concentration was determined at critical dose for plant development. © 2019, Centenary University. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2019
48. The Effect of Cadmium and Nickel on Some Ecophysiological Characteristics of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.)
- Author
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Sema Leblebici and Leblebici, Sema
- Subjects
Abiotic component ,Çimlenme ,Karabuğday ,Ağır Metal ,biology ,Chemistry ,Abiotic stress ,Seedling ,General Engineering ,food and beverages ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Biomass ,Germination ,Herbaceous plant ,biology.organism_classification ,Abiotic Stresses ,Polygonaceae ,Salinity ,Horticulture ,Abiyotik Stres ,Fide Gelişimi ,Buckwheat ,Fagopyrum - Abstract
Karabuğday bitkisi (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) Polygonaceae (Kuzukulağıgiller) familyasından Fagopyrum cinsine ait tek yıllık otsu bir bitki türüdür. Karabuğday tuzluluk, sıcaklık değişimi gibi abiyotik faktörde meydana gelen değişimlere dayanıklı bir türdür. Abiyotik faktörlerden en önemlilerinden biri ise ortamda ağır metallerin varlığıdır. Bu çalışmada Cd ve Ni metallerinin karabuğday bitkisinin tohum çimlenme oranı, kök uzunluğu, kök ve gövde taze-kuru ağırlığı, kök ve gövde biyokütlesi ve Cd ve Ni tolerans indeksine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Farklı konsantrasyonlarda uygulanan Cd ve Ni kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırılarak elde edilen sonuçlar değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre çimlenme oranı azalmış ancak önemli bir azalma görülmemiştir. Cd ve Ni uygulanan örneklerde konsantrasyon artışına bağlı olarak kök uzunluğu, kök ve gövde taze-kuru ağırlığı ve biyokütle miktarında azalma olduğu tespit edildi. Karabuğday bitkisinin incelenen ekofizyolojik parametrelerinde Cd’un Ni metaline göre daha etkili olduğu belirlendi. Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) is an annual herbaceous plant species belonging to the genus Fagopyrum from the Polygonaceae family. Buckwheat is resistant to changes in abiotic factor such as salinity, temperature change. One of the most important abiotic factors is the presence of heavy metals in the environment. In this study the effect of Cd and Ni metals on seed germination rate, root length, root and stem fresh-dry weight, root and stem biomass and Cd and Ni tolerance index of buckwheat plant were investigated. Different concentrations of Cd and Ni samples were compared with the control group. According to the results, seed germination rate decreased but there was not much decrease. In the Cd and Ni applied samples, it was determined that as the concentration increased, the root length, root and stem fresh-dry weight and the amount of biomass decreased. It was determined that Cd was more effective than Ni metal in the ecophysiological parameters examined of buckwheat plant.
- Published
- 2019
49. Geliştirilmiş melez ekmeklik buğday hatlarının yüksek bor ve tuz uygulamalarına karşı verdikleri fizyolojik cevapların araştırılması
- Author
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Omay, Makbule Rumeysa, Hakkı, Erdoğan Eşref, Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Anabilim Dalı, and Enstitüler, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Ana Bilim Dalı
- Subjects
Bor toksisitesi ,Backcross ,Salt stress ,Agriculture ,Abiotic stress ,Bread wheat ,Ziraat ,Stress Tolerance ,Boron toxicity ,Abiyotik stres ,Molecular breeding ,Landrace ,Yerel çeşit ,Ekmeklik buğday ,Moleküler ıslah ,Toleranslılık ,Tuz stresi ,Geri melez - Abstract
Hızlı artan dünya nüfusuna karşı, kullanımı kısıtlı alanlarda tarım yapılabilmesine yönelik olarak, stres şartları altında yetiştirilebilen tahıl çeşitlerinin geliştirilmesine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Buğday üretimi birçok abiyotik stres tarafından sınırlanmaktadır. Tuzluluk ve bor toksisitesi gibi stres koşulları kurak ve yarı kurak bölgelerde genellikle birlikte görülmekte ve bitkilerde gelişimi olumsuz etkileyerek verimliliği kısıtlamaktadır. Çoğu çalışma, bor elementinin dünyadaki genel toprak durumuna bağlı olarak bor eksikliğine odaklansa bile, dünyanın en zengin bor yataklarına sahip olan Türkiye'de, birçok bölgede bitkilerin bor toksisitesine maruz kaldığı bilinmektedir. Bor toksisitesi ve tuzluluk problemlerinin çözümüne yönelik en uygulanabilir yöntem toleransı yüksek bitkilerin belirlenmesi ve geliştirilmesidir. Bu sorunların giderilmesine yönelik ele alınan mevcut tez çalışmasında, tuzluluk ve bor toksisitesi gözlemlenen alanlarda yetişebilecek, toleransı yüksek ekmeklik buğday çeşitlerinin geliştirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Çalışmada 5 farklı ekmeklik buğday genotipi sera-saksı koşullarında bor ve tuz uygulamalarına tabi tutulmuştur. Tuzluluğa tolerans sağlayan Nax1 ve Nax2 genleri aktarılarak ilerletilmiş 3. geri melez popülasyonunun yanında, bu popülasyonlara ebeveynlik yapmış Avustralya kökenli AUS-5907 ve AUS-5924 hatları ve daha önceden bora toleranslılığı bilinen Bolal 2973 çeşidi aynı çalışmada şahit olarak yer almıştır. GM3 popülasyonunun, bor ve tuz uygulamalarına karşı göstermiş oldukları tepkiler değerlendirilmiş ve ilgili genotiplere (GM3) kazandırılmış olan karakterlerin (Nax1 ve Nax2) etkin olduğu yapılan elementel ve fizyolojik testlemeler sonucunda görülmüştür. Kuru ağırlık değerlerine göre tuzlu koşullar ve artan bor dozlarında melez hatların (Bolal x 5907, Bolal x 5924) tuza toleranslılık sağlamasının yanı sıra, bor toksisitesine de tolerans sağladığı tespit edilmiştir. Tuz uygulaması sonucu, tüm genotiplerin MDA içeriklerinde artış ve K konsantrasyonlarında düşüş gözlenmiştir. En az MDA artışının AUS-5924 ve Bolal x 5907 hatlarında, K konsantrasyonundaki en az düşüşün ise AUS-5924 ve Bolal x 5924 hatlarında olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Tüm testleme sonuçları göz önüne alındığında Bolal x 5924 hattı daha baskın sonuçlar göstermiştir., In order to support the rapidly growing world population and enable the agriculture in the restricted areas, there is a need to develop grain crops that can be grown in stress conditions. Wheat production is limited by several abiotic stresses. Stress conditions such as salinity and boron toxicity that are generally seen together in arid and semi-arid regions of the world adversely affect the plant growth and limit their production efficiency. Depending on the general soil situation in the world, although most studies have been focused on boron deficiency, it is known that plants are exposed to boron toxicity in many regions of the world including Turkey which has the major boron deposits in the world. The most appropriate solution towards the boron toxicity and salinity problems is the identification and development of boron and salt toxicity tolerant plants. In this thesis, it is aimed to develop wheat varieties with high tolerance that can be grown in areas where salinity and boron toxicity are observed. In the study, 5 different wheat genotypes were subjected to boron and salt applications under greenhouse growth conditions. Prior to this study, 3rd backcross hybrid population was developed by transferring Nax1 and Nax2 genes from Australian wheat lines AUS-5907 and AUS-5924 to Turkish bread wheat genotypes, Bolal 2973, which is known for containing boron tolerance gene. Thus, in this experiment, the developed 3rd backcross populations, Australian parents and Turkish parent were employed and the responses of the BC3 population to boron and salt applications were evaluated. According to the performed elemental and physiological analysis results, it has been observed that the transferred Nax1 and Nax2 genes were effective in developed BC3 hybrid populations. It was determined that hybrid lines (Bolal x 5907, Bolal x 5924) provide salt tolerance as well as tolerance to boron toxicity in saline conditions and increasing boron doses with respect to dry weight values. As a result of salt application, MDA contents of all genotypes increased and showed a decrease in K concentrations. The least increase in MDA was found in AUS-5924 and Bolal x 5907 lines and the least decrease in K concentration was in AUS-5924 and Bolal x 5924 lines. When considering all the test results, the Bolal x 5924 line showed more dominant results.
- Published
- 2019
50. Nitrik oksit uygulamalarının bitkilerde abiyotik stres şartlarına toleransı arttırmadaki etkileri
- Author
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Ekinci, M., Örs, S., Turan, M., Yildirim, E., Ekinci, M., Örs, S., Turan, M., Yildirim, E., and Yeditepe Üniversitesi
- Subjects
fungi ,food and beverages ,Nitric oxide ,Abiotic stress ,Tolerance ,Plant growth - Abstract
Due to the major environmental stress factors that limit crop production today, finding suitable areas where the plant can reach the normal crop potential in cultivation has become very difficult. Abiotic stress is a significant factor in decreasing the agricultural production as compared to the other stress factors. Abiotic stress factors, such as drought, salinity, high temperature, low temperature, flooding, radiation, pollutants, oxidative stress, wind and lack of nutrients in the soil, can negatively affect the growth, development and productivity of plants. Among the compounds with different gas contents, external application of nitric oxide (NO) to plants has gained more importance in recent years. NO plays a protective role against different abiotic stresses such as metal toxicity, temperature, drought and salinity, as well as regulatory roles in improvement of germination and seedling growth. This paper discusses the effects of NO applications on abiotic stress conditions such as drought, salinity, high and low temperature and heavy metals on plants. © 2018, Centenary University. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2018
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