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Diocaesarea is located within the district of Uzuncaburç, approximately 25 km north of Silifke, which is a district of the province Mersin. Diocaesarea in Rough Cilicia, which was the administrative and religious center of the region during the Hellenistic Period, gained its monumental character during the Roman Imperial Period taking the Zeus Olbios Sanctuary as its center. Today, wellpreserved traces of important structures belonging to the Nymphaion, Tyche Temple, Temple with Podium, Zeus Olbios Sanctuary and the Temple, Two Columned Streets, Propylon and monumental city gate can be seen in the ancient city. Morphological traces of city plans can be followed today in multi-layered ancient cities like Diocaesarea. The streets and building blocks created by changing and arranging the natural structure due to the continuous use of the settlements since the ancient period have been decisive in the formation of the street and even the property texture in the later periods. Within the scope of this article, the development of the grid plan scheme and the spatial organization of the buildings, traces which can be detected from the establishment of the settlement to the present, are evaluated. As a research method, diachronic maps of Hellenistic, Early and Late Roman, Byzantine and contemporary traces were worked out based on archaeological data relying on the Geographical Information System. In order to follow the morphological traces of the ancient city plan, as well as the archeological traces of today, the current cadastral borders and traditional rural structures were evaluated. The data obtained show that the planning in the city was shaped according to the Hellenistic Sanctuary and as seen in the Roman Imperial Period, the monumental structures that make up the city were built according to previous planning principles. The fact that the decumanus maximus and cardo maximus were built on the basis of the temenos walls of the Sanctuary and that the identified streets and structures were placed on the building blocks determined according to the dimensions of the Sanctuary are the proofs of this planning. It is understood that building blocks (insulae) were formed on the arithmetic multiples of the dimensions of the Sanctuary, in accordance with the ancient city planning principles. Using this data and taking into account the locations of the monumental structures in the city, a diagram of the possible city plan was created. The decumanus maximus, which is the basis of the planning in Diocaesarea, is 550 meters long and provides a connection between the Zeus Olbios Sanctuary and the ancient road route that provides access to the city through the Eastern Necropolis. The connection of the street to the Sanctuary and the Propylon on it proves the practice of the Sacred Ceremonial Way here and the existence of planning that goes back to the Hellenistic Period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Mosaic Research is the property of Uludag University, Mosaic Research Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of TÜBA-AR: Turkish Academy of Sciences, Journal of Archaeology is the property of Turkish Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Social Sciences Research / Sosyal Bilimler Arastirmalari Dergisi is the property of ODU Journal of Social Sciences Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arkeoloji Dergisi is the property of Ege University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arkeoloji Dergisi is the property of Ege University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The name of Korykos, which was one of the most important cities in the Rough Cilicia, was first mentioned during the time period of Antiochus III. Korykos is listed among the cities captured (223-187 BC) by him in the first phase of the military operations initiated by him to remove the Ptolemaiens from the whole of Anatolia (197 BC). This data indicates that the city was inhabited during the Hellenistic Period. However, the only remnant in the city center dating to this term is a wall braided with the polygonal technique. The fact that so few ruins from the Hellenistic Period have survived in the city is explained by the intense inhabiting of it during the Roman Period, Late Antiquity and the Middle ages. A rich variety of tombs including polygonal stone-walled tombs, tholos tombs, temple planned tombs, vaulted tombs, rock-cut tombs, sarcophagai and chamosorions can be observed in and around the city center of Korykos. The most numerical of these tomb types are the rock-cut tombs. There has been no mention of any rock-cut tomb, dating earlier than the 2nd century AD in the studies carried out so far on these rock-cut tombs. However, the subject of this article which consists of three rock-cut tombs and their finds discovered by big chance during the construction of a highway in 2003 prove that the tombs here date back considerably earlier. These tombs have concretely revealed tradition for the rock-cut tombs, which is very common in the city. Here it is discussed that such tombs do not belong to the 2nd century AD, as some studies have assumed until today, but that the tradition dates back to the 1st century BC. In the Hellenistic Period, in areas outside the city center of Korykos, approximately forty polygonal stone-walled tombs which were placed in a scattered manner are identified, while during the same period no necropolis area is observed at the center. This situation is explained by the existence of the cremation funerary tradition. The presence of a stamnoid pyxis, which was found in Tomb Number II is assumed to be used for cremation purposes and it is a significant finding that demonstrates the cremation funerary tradition in Korykos. Thus, it is extremely evident that the city's rock-cut tombs were used for cremation funerary in the Late Hellenistic Period. However, there is no definite finding or knowledge about the inhumation burial tradition in Korykos during the Hellenistic Period. The finds in these tombs, on the other hand, have been incredibly important data in terms of showing that inhumation burial was practiced in the Korykos rock-cut tombs in the 1st century AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to reveal the ostothek typology of Phaselis, based on the ostotheks found during the surveys and excavations carried out in necropoleis of Phaselis. In this context, information on the borders of the necropoleis, identification and documentation of tomb types as well as typologies are given first, since no systematic study has been carried out previously in the necropolis areas -northeast, northwest, west- of the city. During documentation, the ostotheks are categorized according to their quantities and form qualities pointing out that the cremation burial method along with the inhumation burials. 90 independent ostotheks, 8 round-shaped rock ostotheks and 9 ostothek lids documented in the city taken into consideration, the ostothek typology of the city is tried to put forward, and some evaluations are made on the basis of artifacts. In this context, the forms of typologically independent ostotheks are square or nearly square. There are tomb inscriptions from the Hellenistic Period on 3 rectangular ostotheks and a door depiction is engraved on an ostothek. Chronologically, it has been determined that the use of ostotheks started from the Late Hellenistic Period and continued until the Roman Period. As a result, it has been revealed that the ostothek typology, which consists of plain-looking square-shaped ostotheks and lids, created without any ornamental element is widely used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The necropoleis of Knidos are relatively well-preserved compared to the necropoleis of Western Anatolia. In the eastern necropolis, hundreds of monumental tombs still exist, and one can observe numerous examples regarding the traditional tomb architecture of Knidos. The common characteristics of these tombs are the simple grave cells surrounded by walls, sometimes with "U" formed walls with one side open and enclosed mostly by four-sided walls. This traditional form in Knidos was referred to as temenos or peribolos type of tombs. As one of the circular walled Tumuli only represented with three examples in the Knidos necropolies, the Tumulus of Saranda and its findings constitute the subject of the study. According to the evaluations conducted on the burial findings, the circular wall, dromos, and two tombs at the center of the tumulus (Tombs II and III) must have been built in the second half of the 3rd century BC. The same area was used again as a second burial around the middle of the 2nd century BC or a little later. The last comprehensive construction and burial site in the Tumulus were built in the 2nd century AC. The form is the only difference between the circular walled tumuli and the traditional architecture of tombs in Knidos. Therefore, rather than the observed form of these walls, it's the meaning that they give to the tomb, which is important in the traditional tomb architecture of the city. Based on the circular walled tumulus, which is the subject of this article, it can be stated that although it is observed as a different tomb type, the same tradition continued in the necropolis of Knidos. Either in rectangular or in circular form, these walls aimed to separate the family graves from others and to bring a monumental view to these non-extravagant tombs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arkeoloji Dergisi is the property of Ege University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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The ancient city of Myndos, located in the west of Bodrum Peninsula and within the borders of Gümüşlük, has two sheltered natural harbors that were used extensively in the ancient times. In the necropolis, which was used between 4th century BC to 4th century AD, skeletons of 89 individuals were found among 96 graves found during the excavations carried out by the Bodrum Museum. Anthropological examinations identified 73 adults and 16 sub-adults and the most common age of death was 35-50. Beside the determination of sex and age of death, the heights, oral health, pathologies and variations were presented as well. An artificial cranial deformation was identified on an individual, whereas a double rooted mandibular canine was observed on another individual. In one grave, weapons including a bent sword were identified and it is thought that the grave belongs to a warrior, possibly a European mercenary. This study is the first anthropological examination on the skeletal materials from Myndos, which reveals demographic data, and therefore yields important results. It is expected that more information about Myndos humans would be obtained in future excavations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of CEDRUS is the property of Mediterranean Civilisations Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of CEDRUS is the property of Mediterranean Civilisations Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The subject of this study covers a Late Roman hoard, found during Anemurium Necropolis Church 2020 works and consisted of seventy-one coins. As the place where the hoard was found is a watery and humid area and the hoard includes small unit coins with low metal quality, emperors of only twelve of them could be identified. Thirty coins in the hoard can be dated back to a certain date range by using the reverse description. Of the coins with an emperor identified, the earliest one belongs to Valentinianus II (375-392 AD) while the latest one is dated back to the period of Marcianus (450-457 AD). Most of the coins, of which emperor could not be read, are in the type of the "cross in a wreath" minted between AD 423-457. Although there are twenty-nine coins without any mint date in the hoard, it is likely that this hoard is dated back Period of Marcianus (450-457 AD) since it does not include any coin sample, which is seen numerous in the hoards belonging to the second half of the 5th century AD, dated back to the period of Leo I (457-474 AD) and having the figure of "Emperor's monogram, crouching or standing lion" on its reverse. The hoard was found in one of the additional spaces of the Necropolis Church, which has more than one construction stages. As the hoard was found under the floor section of the structure, this provides information about the building stages of the structure. To conclude, it can be urged that the Late Roman Hoard of Necropolis Church has an important place in terms of both providing information about the building stages of the structure in which it was found and including the examples of non-imperial African coins called Non-Imperial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The well-preserved Roman sarcophagi, which were unearthed in the Hisardere / Bayırdibi region, approximately 1,5 km northeast of İznik, which is the largest necropolis area of the ancient city of Nikaia, provide information not only about the local sarcophagi production of the region, but also adds new typological and iconographic information to the subject of Roman sarcophagi of Asia Minor. This article focuses on a new discovered columned sarcophagus made in Dokimeion, which was unearthed during the rescue excavations under the direction of İznik Museum. The sarcophagus offers with its depictions in high reliefs some compositions that are rarely seen on Dokimeion sarcophagi. It also provides an absolute reconstruction for an another fragment of a Dokimeion sarcophagus which was previously misinterpreted due to its conservation status. The sarcophagus is an unique example with its roof-shaped lid and it changes some accepted judgements about the lids covering the sarcophagi of this type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anatolia / Anadolu is the property of Ankara University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Mosaic Research is the property of Uludag University, Mosaic Research Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this study, Ancient Lampsakos City Northern Necropolis located in Çanakkale-Lapseki Dalyan Region is evaluated in the context of sustainable protection. Lapseki, which has been a residential area until today with its location adjacent to the Dardanelles Strait, will be reconnected to the international transportation network with the 1915 Çanakkale Bridge. The impact of this process on heritage sites has accelerated conservation planning in archaeological sites in the city. The conservation plan, which is the subject of this study, is also prepared in this process. It is known that archaeological artifacts have been moved to museums and there are no archaeological remains in the area today. For this reason, the necropolis area with third degree archaeological site registration status, according to the provisions of the conservation legislation; It was opened for housing on the condition that pre-construction drilling excavation was made with the conservation plan. In this case, the planning team consisting of different experts took care of the sustainability of the archaeological heritage and suggested that this archaeological site, which can be opened to construction, be added to the urban identity and memory of the city with symbolic values. Thus, the sustainability of the archaeological sites to be opened for construction according to the legislation or the works exhibited in museums as the symbol of the city is envisaged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tasavvur: Tekirdag Theology Journal / Tekirdag Ilahiyat Dergisi is the property of Namik Kemal University, Faculty of Theology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

After the came from their homeland Caucasus, Uzunyayla villages hosted the ancient Caucasian culture for almost 100 years, as long as there was internal migration from the village to the city. The villages have kept the memory spaces, which have established connections with the Caucasus for many years, to remain alive, thanks to platforms like “vorşer”, “haçeş”, funerals and weddings. However, the internal migration process that started with mechanization in agriculture in the 1950s accelerated over time and today the villages have reached the discharge point. Migration from the village to the city, which takes place for different reasons such as providing a better life for children through education and dividing the land through inheritance, has led to the breaking of the large family structure, the acceleration of the process leading to the loss of language, mobile education and the loss of memory spaces. In this article, which we will try to describe the historical sites of “Çörümşek” and “Uzunyayla” under the name of “Uzunyayla” as culturally, we will try to explain the sites, sites, and photographs in the villages; we will examine the effects of internal migration on memory spaces through the questions we asked to the source people during our field studies in “Uzunyayla” villages in 2017, 2018 and 2019. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anatolia / Anadolu is the property of Ankara University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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The abundant land of Anatolia has witnessed many different civilisations throughout history and has offered a shared living space to many communities from different cultures. Each civilisation that flourished in this geography inherited and benefited from the existing cultural heritage in these lands. They also contributed to that heritage themselves and passed it onto next civilisations as a guiding framework. Anatolian dwellers enjoyed the rich plant ecosystem around them, and they advanced a shared and well-established culture of agriculture. Despite the inadequacy of archeobotanical evidence, it has been a longstanding thought that the poppy plant was grown in Anatolia even in pre-historic times. On the other hand, there are many examples that provide evidence to this plant being used by many civilisations as part of a shared agricultural tradition. The earliest written references to the poppy plant in Anatolia can be found as early as the 2nd millenium B.C., while the plant has been constantly used in the geography throughout history. The poppy plant was frequently used in medical treatments by various ancient civilisations and as a decoration element on needles belonging to the Hittites and the Urartians. Anatolian medics such as Pedanius Dioscorides, Galenos and Aetius also resorted to opium for its medicinal purposes. The poppy plant depicted on the coins of many cities such as Synnada, Ankyra and Elaia. The Saljuks of Anatolia, besides in food and medical treatments, used the figure of the poppy plant decoratively in their architecture. Decorations on carpets and rugs, grave stones and ceramic pieces from palaces all indicate that the Anatolian society cared about the poppy plant greatly. Travellers who visited Anatolia between 16th and 19th century recorded important information about the plant. The Ottomans, in turn, by virtue of inheriting the Mesopotamian and Early Islamic cultural heritage, benefited from the plant in various different ways. Indeed, in the 19th century Ottoman Empire, the poppy plant was the seventh biggest export after tobacco, wheat, barley, raisins, pure silk and figs. Even in the Turkish Republic did the plant continue to contribute to the national economy and culture. Even though its production and consumption has been restricted in due course, the poppy plant still retains its importance to this day. In essence, it's used as a food item, as a source of heating, and as a medical ingredient. It is also depicted on various objects of daily use. The figure of the poppy plant embodies different emotions and meanings. It often combines life and death, two contrary concepts. This study examines the writings of ancient authors, travellers' records, modern sources, archaeological findings, coins and various other types of visual material, and then presents them chronologically. This article examines to what extent the poppy seed plant influenced the economic, social and cultural life in Anatolia. Records from authors of the Antiquity, travelbooks, modern books and studies, as well as archeological findings such as coins and various visual materials have been analysed. The conclusions have been listed in this study in a chronological order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our ancestors, who reigned in four geographies, have been the guarantee of an environment of peace, serenity and tolerance through various races and nations. Of course, this diversity is reflected in a deep rooted accumulation of knowledge of Turkish culture, art and society. Ottoman society transformed the cemeteries into culture and art centers by processing all this cultural heritage. The Ottoman cemeteries in the Eyüp region are both the capital of Istanbul and the eternal house of Eyüp Sultan. As a result of the desire to be buried here because of the Eyüp region has become a prominent area with the feature of being a cemetery. Ottoman gravestones in the district of Eyup have various cultural and artistic gravestones. Reflects the Turkish culture of death Recalling the importance of Ottoman gravestones that have such value, the aesthetic dimension of the death reflected on the Ottoman gravestones will be emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anatolia / Anadolu is the property of Ankara University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anatolia / Anadolu is the property of Ankara University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Being an important seaport on the Anatolian side of the Dardanelles Strait in the Propontis region, Parion is situated within the area of the town Kemer in the Biga district of the province Çanakkale. Parion, propounded to be established in 709 BC according to the ancient resources, has always been an important seaport and military base in the military expeditions and commercial circulation between the Greek world and the Black Sea region. In Parion, Prof. Dr. C. Basaran and his team have undertaken surveys in the years 1997, 1999 and 2002 and they have been conducting scientific archaeological excavations since 2005.Four golden objects were recovered inside three stone cist graves in the southern necropolis of Parion in 2005. The previous publications stated that these golden materials were related to the "Kharon tradition". This has been reconsidered in this study and a new evaluation of these golden objects by considering the aspects of technicality, purpose of use and iconography have been suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları is the property of Turk Dunyasi Arastirmalari Vakfi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)