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Günlük yaşamda önemli bir yer tutan haber; gündemle, çevrede gerçekleşen olaylarla, farklı gelişmelerle ilgili bilgilenmeye yardımcı ve hatta alınan kararlara etki edebilme potansiyeli olan bir bilgi türü şeklinde tanımlanabilir. Dijital ortamların kullanımının ve kullanıcı etkileşiminin artmasıyla, alışılagelmiş gazetecilik bakış açısıyla yapılan haber tanımı sınırlı kalabilmektedir. Bu durum, değişen medya ortamına ve bunun etkilerine odaklanan haber okuryazarlığı eğitiminde haberin nasıl tanımlanması gerektiği sorusunu gündeme getirmektedir. Bu noktada, haber kullanıcılarının haberi nasıl algıladıkları ve nasıl tanımladıklarını anlamaya çalışmak önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, bir grup lisans öğrencisinin eleştirel düşünmeyi temel alan haber okuryazarlığı eğitimi almadan önce ve aldıktan sonraki haber algılarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yarı deneysel araştırma tasarımı kullanılarak, eğitim öncesi ve sonrasında öğrencilere öz değerlendirme testleri ile ön ve son testler uygulanmıştır. Bu testlerle öğrencilerin, haber kavramını bilme bakımından kendilerini nasıl değerlendirdikleri, haberi farklı örnekler içerisinde ayırt edip edemedikleri ve nasıl tanımladıklarından yola çıkılarak haber algıları anlaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Sonuçta, haber kavramını bilme yönünden öğrenciler kendilerini özellikle eğitim sonrasında daha yüksek puanlarla değerlendirmişlerdir. Farklı içeriklere yönelik örnekler arasında haberi ayırt etme bakımından da öğrencilerin genelde iyi bir performans sergiledikleri ancak eğitim sonrasında yarıdan fazlasının köşe yazısı türündeki örneği de haber olarak işaretledikleri belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, öğrencilerin eğitim sonrasındaki tanımlarında, “doğru”, “güvenilir”, “kesin”, “5N1K kuralına uygun” gibi haber niteliklerine odaklanan ifadeler kullandıkları görülmüştür. Tüm bunlardan hareketle, haber kullanıcılarının bir içeriğe haber niteliği atfederken haber okuryazarlığının temelini oluşturan eleştirel düşünme becerilerini kullanmalarının önemli olduğu söylenebilir. Bu becerilerin bireylere kazandırılabilmesi, yaşam boyu öğrenme pratiklerine uyarlanmış, zamana yayılmış ve farklı seviyelere uygun bilgi, haber gibi okuryazarlık türleri ya da eleştirel düşünmeye yönelik olarak tasarlanacak eğitimlerle mümkün hale gelebilir.

We report the case of a patient with lymphedema who experienced an osteoporotic vertebral fracture following lumbar sympathetic ganglion block (LSGB). A 66-year-old woman with intractable lymphedema of the right leg went through surgery for cervix cancer. Because she was resistant to conventional treatments, we planned to commence LSGB treatment. Thus, she received two sessions of LSGB administered with a steroid and local anesthetic mixture. After the second session, the patient underwent severe lumbar pain. After thorough anamnesis and physical examination, we decided to use magnetic resonance imaging to rule out the possibility of metastasis. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, which was assessed by an expert spine radiologist, revealed an osteoporotic fracture of the L4 vertebra. The patient’s severe pain considerably diminished in the third month after beginning antiosteoporotic and analgesic medications, orthosis, and exercises. We speculate that the use of steroids in LSGB may lead to osteoporotic vertebral fracture.

Bu çalışmada, 2017M1-2022M1 dönemleri arasındaki veriler kullanılarak Bitcoin (BTC) ile Karbon Emisyonu (CO2) arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Son zamanlarda yapılan çalışmalara istinaden kripto para ve enerji piyasalarının spekülatif ve kırılgan yapıya sahip olduğu ve bundan dolayı değişkenlerin doğrusal olmayan bir forma sahip olabileceği konusuna dikkat çekildiği gözlenmektedir. Dolayısıyla bu bilgiler çerçevesinde çalışmada öncelikle Luukkonen vd. (1988), Harvey vd. (2008) doğrusallık testi ve Kapetanios vd. (2003) doğrusal olmayan birim kök testi ile değişkenlerin doğrusallık sınaması yapılmaktadır. Akabinde değişkenlerin doğrusal olmayan forma sahip olduğu tespit edildiği için çalışmada Kapetanios vd. (2006) Doğrusal Olmayan Eşbütünleşme analizi kullanılmaktadır. Kapetanios vd. (2006) testi bulgularına göre BTC ile CO2 arasında uzun dönemde doğrusal olmayan bir eşbütünleşme ilişkisi olduğu tespit edilmektedir. Bu durum BTC ile CO2 arasındaki ilişkinin uzun dönemde dengeye doğrusal olmayan bir şekilde yakınsadığı sonucunu göstermektedir. Değişkenler arasında doğrusal olmayan eşbütünleşme ilişkisini tespit ettikten sonra bu ilişkinin yönünü belirlemek amacıyla yapılan Granger nedensellik testi sonucuna göre ise Bitcoin’den Karbon Emisyonuna doğru tek yönlü nedensellik olduğu tespit edilmektedir. Bu bulgu, BTC üretiminde kullanılan enerjinin çevre dostu kaynaklardan elde edilmesine yönelik politikaların benimsenmesi gerektiği biçiminde yorumlanabilir.

Introduction: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment mononeuropathy and can affect patients' daily living activities. In this study, it was aimed to find out whether there is a relationship between fatigue, neuropathic pain and neurophysiological features in CTS. Material and Method: Patients with clinical features compatible with CTS were included in this retrospective study. Median nerve compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and compound nerve action potential (CNAP) of the patients were analyzed. The Turkish version of the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) was administered to all patients. Patients with a mean FSS score of ≥4 were considered to have fatigue. In addition, Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (LANSS) was applied to some patients. If the LANSS score was 12 or higher, these patients were considered to have neuropathic pain. Results: Thirty-two female and eight male CTS patients were included in the study. Thirty-two patients had clinically bilateral CTS and eight patients had right-sided CTS. FSS and LANSS were administered to 40 and 18 patients, respectively. There were 29 CTS patients (72.5%) with an FSS score ≥ 4. CNAP/CMAP amplitudes and sensory/motor nerve conduction velocities of patients with fatigue were lower than those without fatigue (p

Son zamanlarda, çevre durumları ve kirlilik giderici ajanlara ilgi, kaynağı fosil olmayan aktif karbon üretimi ile ilgili araştırmalara gereksinime ivme kazandırdı. Bu nedenle, tarımsal organik lignoselülozik atık malzemeler oldukça dikkat çekmektedir. Çalışmamızda aktif karbon üretiminde nar kabuğu kullanıldı. Nar kabuğundan yüzey alanı yüksek, adsorbsiyon özelliklerine uygun ve gözenek çapı büyük aktif karbon hem fiziksel hem de kimyasal aktivasyon teknikleri kullanılarak elde edilmesi amaçlandı. Kimyasal aktivasyon çalışmalarında ZnCl2 ve AlCl3’ün yüzey alanına etkisi incelendi ve denemeler farklı sıcaklık, süre ve konsantrasyonlar denenerek gerçekleştirildi. Uygun aktif karbon prosesi belirlendi. Sulu çözelti olarak kullanılan meyve suyuna belli derişimde pestisit ve piroliz edilen aktif karbon eklenerek analize alındı. Aktif karbonun, elma suyundaki eklenen pestisiti absorblama kapasitesi ölçüldü. Analiz sonuçlarına göre bu aktif karbonun elma suyuna eklenen pestisitlerin giderimi üzerindeki etkisi incelendi. Meyve suyuna eklenen farklı miktarlardaki pestisitten sonra değişik konsantrasyonlarda aktif karbon ilave edildi. Meyve suyu-pestisit karışımı değişen sürelerde karıştırıldıktan sonra meyve suyu ekstraktı AOAC 2007 Pestisit Analiz Yöntemi ile Quetchers kit kullanılarak analiz edildi. Yapılan deneyler sonucunda aktif karbon üretiminde nar kabuğunun yüksek verimli hammadde olabileceği sonucuna varıldı. Aynı zamanda çalışma koşulları uygun hale getirildiğinde, nar suyu üretiminde atık malzeme olan nar kabuğundan üretilen aktif karbonların meyve suyundan karbendazim pestisitinin uzaklaştırılmasında kullanılabilirliği tespit edildi.

In this study, the 5S method was applied in the tool room of a company operating in the aviation field and engaged in machining. Preparations for the 5S study were carried out in June 2020, and after this month, production was started according to the 5S method. Outputs such as defective parts rates due to cutting tools, costs due to tool room, machine waiting due to tool supply and tool preparation time were determined as performance evaluation criteria. Within the scope of preparation, first of all, lean production and 5S trainings were given to company employees. Personnel for the area where 5S will be applied have been determined and necessary planning has been made. Sorting, organizing, cleaning, standardization and discipline steps related to 5S have been successfully implemented, respectively. For the recovery data, the outputs of the first half of 2020 and the last half were compared and evaluated. As a result of this study, 66% improvements were observed in the cost of the tool room, 76% in the downtime rate of the machines due to the tool room, 78% in the scrap rate due to the faulty cutting tool, and 85% in the unnecessary movement load rates in the tool room. As a result of these improvement works, the efficiency of production has increased. With the gray relational analysis, where all outputs are evaluated jointly, it has been revealed that the most productive month in terms of production is November, when production is made by applying the 5S approach. It was observed that the most inefficient month was April, when production was carried out without applying the 5S approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective A novel coronavirus, which is termed COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2, was declared a pandemic by the WHO since March 2020. Endoscopy is a potential route for infection. Because of this reason, gastroenterology associations around the world recommended the suspension of non-emergency endoscopy. The aim of our study was to investigate the characteristics of the emergency endoscopic procedures performed during the pandemic period and compare with the same period of the previous year. Material and Methods Our endoscopy unit is the only center in the city where emergency endoscopic intervention and therapeutic endoscopic procedures are performed on adult patients. Only emergency and urgent endoscopic procedures performed between March 16 and May 18, the period when the pandemic was most intense, were evaluated. The staff in the endoscopy room used full personal protective equipment all endoscopic procedures irrespective of whether or not to test for COVID-19. Results 96 upper endoscopic (56 of them GI bleeding), 26 lower endoscopic (14 of them GI bleeding, mostly malignancy) and 27 ERCP procedures were carried out. Only one patient that 62 years old male, with a negative typical symptom query, was detected PCR positive for COVID-19 on the same day after the procedure. In the same period in 2019, we had performed 98 upper and 25 lower endoscopies and 99 ERCP for emergency indications. Conclusion COVID-19 pandemic process caused extreme changes in endoscopy procedure practice and also indications. All endoscopy units should always be accoutered for the management of emergency endoscopy procedures such as gastrointestinal bleeding.

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an acute viral disease with fever and bleeding caused by a tick-borne virus belonging to the Bunyaviridae family. Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a novel disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Type 2, which can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Here, we present a case with CCHF and COVID-19 co-infection to draw attention to the increased mortality in co-infection cases. A 77-year-old female patient with known hypertension was admitted to the emergency department with complaints of fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and myalgia for two days. There was no history of tick bite or contact with a patient with COVID-19. Current anamnesis and clinical and laboratory findings pre-diagnose the patient with CCHF, hemolytic uremic syndrome, and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, leading to a ward admission. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever was diagnosed after receiving a positive CCHF immunoglobulin M (indirect fluorescent antibody) result. A nasopharyngeal swab sample for COVID-19 real-time polymerase time reaction was sent due to a continuous fever and the development of shortness of breath on day three of hospitalization, which revealed positive results; thus, the patient was started on favipiravir treatment. The patient was transferred to the intensive care unit on day four due to increased oxygen demand and ARDS diagnosis. The patient died due to respiratory failure on the seventh day of hospitalization. COVID-19-related ARDS that overlapped on top of CCHF caused her to develop a cytokine storm and died despite her clinical parameter improvement due to CCHF. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever and COVID-19 symptoms or findings can be confused because of their similarities, but the possibility of being seen together should not be overlooked. Concurrently, some similarities in the pathogenesis of these two diseases suggest that co-infection may worsen the clinical course; hence, new studies are needed on this subject.

COVID-19 (koronavirus hastalığı 2019), insandan insana yüksek oranda bulaşma potansiyeli mevcut olan virüs kaynaklı bir enfeksiyondur. Asemptomatik kişilerin solunum yolu örneklerinde virüs tespit edilebilmekte, ancak esas bulaşmanın hasta bireylerden olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Ateş, öksürük, solunum güçlüğü hastalığın en yaygın görülen belirtilerini oluşturmaktadır. Pnömoni, bronşit, akut solunum sıkıntısı sendromu (ARDS) ve hatta ölümle sonuçlanan, çoklu organ yetmezliğine kadar gidebilmektedir. İleri yaşlarda ve kronik rahatsızlığa sahip olan kişilerde daha ağır ve ölümcül olmaktadır. COVID-19’un şu ana kadar bilinen kesin bir tedavisi bulunmamaktadır. Esas olarak destekleyici ve ampirik tedavi uygulanmakta olup geliştirme çalışmaları devam etmektedir. Tedavide hastalığın belirti ve bulgularına yönelik oseltamivir ve hidroksiklorokin kullanılmaktadır. Pnömoni gelişmesi durumunda ise tedaviye ilave olarak azitromisin başlanmaktadır. Oseltamivir ve hidroksiklorokin tedavisi uygulanırken tedaviye yanıt alınamadığı durumlarda tedavi sonlandırılıp lopinavir/ritonavir tedavisine başlanmaktadır.

In this study, energy and exergy analysis of an organic Rankine cycle with internal heat exchanger using R1234yf, R1234ze and R134a is carried out. The energy and exergy performances of an ORC system for different operating temperature have been analyzed. It is seen from the analysis that, boiler, condenser and subcooling temperature has significant effect on both energy and exergy efficiencies. It was observed that energy and exergy efficiency increased with the increase of boiler and supercooling temperature, and energy and exergy efficiency decreased with the increase of condenser temperature. In addition, exergy destructions of each component were determined. Since the turbine and pump are considered isentropic, exergy destructions in these elements have been neglected. It was determined that the highest exergy destruction was in the condenser with the rate of 72% and the least exergy destruction was in the heat exchanger with the rate of 1%. As a result, it has been observed that the R1234yf fluid chosen as an alternative to the R134a working fluid is the most suitable fluid for the ORC system.

Bu çalışma, Almanya’nın I. Dünya Savaşından sonra inşa ettiği ilk hafif kruvazör olan ve yaptığı dünya turu kapsamında, 1929 yılında İstanbul’a demirleyen Emden gemisi ile ilgilidir. 1929 yılı hem İstanbul hem dünya açısından önem arz eden bir yıldır. 1929’un kış mevsimi, İstanbul’un en sert kışlardan biri olarak tarihe geçmiştir. Aynı yıl dünya, çok büyük bir ekonomik krizi, Büyük Buhranı deneyimleyecektir. Böylesi bir atmosferde, genel çerçevede ekonomik, özelde ise coğrafi kriz ortamında, kruvazörün, 1928 yılında yaptığı planını ertelemeden Türkiye’ye gelişinin, Türk Alman ilişkilerinin geliştirilmesi, iyileştirilmesi ve sağlamlaştırılması için seçilen bir yol olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. 1929 yılında Emden’in Türkiye’ye gelişiyle ilgili daha önce yapılmış hiçbir akademik çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Bu çalışmayla literatürdeki bu boşluğun giderileceği düşünülmektedir. Diğer yandan, bu ziyaretle ilgili devlet arşivlerinde de herhangi bir belgeye ulaşılamamıştır. Bu sebeple, dönemin Türk basınına başvurulmuş, kruvazörün İstanbul’a geldiği Şubat 1929 sayıları tamamen taranmıştır. Böylece, Emden kruvazörünün Türkiye’ye gelişi ve İstanbul’da kaldığı süredeki faaliyetleri tespit edilmiştir.Neticede, geminin gelişinin, I. Dünya Savaşı sonunda rafa kaldırılan, fakat Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin ilanıyla birlikte canlanan Türk Alman ilişkilerini iyice pekiştirdiği ve iki ülke arasındaki güveni iyice sağlamlaştırdığı tespit edilmiş ve ziyaretin amacına ulaştığı görülmüştür.

Binalarda kullanılan enerji tüketiminin yaklaşık olarak %70-80’i ısıtma, soğutma ve sıcak su üretimi amaçlıdır. Binalarda enerji tasarrufu için alınabilecek başlıca önlemlerden birisi ısı yalıtımıdır. Bu çalışmada Denizli ili için kış aylarında binaların ısıtılması ve yaz aylarında soğutulmasında enerji tasarrufu için farklı yakıt türlerinde optimum izolasyon kalınlıkları arasındaki en ekonomik kombinasyonun belirlenmesinde farklı izolasyon malzemeleri ve CO2 emisyonları dikkate alınarak karşılaştırmalı bir çalışma sunulmuştur. Bu amaçla derece-saat yöntemi ve ömür maliyet analizi kullanılmıştır. Hesaplamalar dört farklı yalıtım malzemesi ve iki farklı yakıt için yapılmıştır. Çalışmada maliyeti minimum yapan optimum izolasyon kalınlığı, Denizli ili için kış aylarında ısıtma için 0.012-0.031 m, yaz aylarında soğutma için ise 0.009-0.022 m arasında değişmektedir. CO2 emisyonu, artan yalıtım kalınlığı ile logaritmik olarak düşmektedir. Belirlenen koşullar için enerji tasarrufunda %22-24’lük farkla izolasyon malzemesi olarak camyünü uygunken, CO2 emisyonu azlığı bakımından %10-34’lük farkla poliüretan daha uygundur. Enerji tasarrufu dikkate alındığında kömür doğalgaza göre yaklaşık %9-11 arasında daha ekonomiktir. Çevre etkisi açısından ise doğalgaz, kömür ile ısıtmaya göre, %37-40 oranında CO2 emisyonu azlığı ile tercih edilebilir. Denizli ilinde CO2 emisyonu için en düşük değerler, poliüretan yalıtım malzemesi ile kaplı, ısıtma kaynağı olarak doğalgaz kullanılan binada elde edilmektedir.

Objective: In this study, we searcheddemographic analysis of complications of patients who took warfarin treatment andadmitted to our hospital with high INR levels and factors affecting mortality. Material and Method: All patients who were admitted to our hospital for any reason, who had at least 4 INR and received warfarin treatment were included in the study. The studies were analyzed retrospectively. The hospitalization epicrisis of 187 patients was evaluated. Questions were asked about duration of warfarin use, follow-up frequency, primary health care status, changes in the floor made by the clinic, and the use of warfarin data. Results: The study population consisted of 87 women and 100 men. The mean age of the patients was 64.1 ± 17.6 years. The most common hospitalization complaints in the whole population were bleeding (22.4%), dyspnea (18.2%), confusion (17.1%) and nausea / vomiting (9.6%). INR level was above 10 in 34.2% of the patients. The highest indication of warfarin use was AF. Hypertension was the highest comorbidity. The predictors of mortality were chest pain (HR = 3.808; p = 0.012) and hemathesis (HR = 3.688; p = 0.033), respectively. The number of patients admitted to primary care for warfarin was 23 (12.3%). Patients were followed up in cardiology, home health care, cardiovascular surgery and neurology (16%, 6.4%, 5.9%, 4.3%, respectively). The rate of people who received warfarin training was 36.8%. Conclusion: Although warfarin is a drug that should be monitored frequently, the follow-up frequency of patients is very low.

Öz Hepatoselüler karsinom en sık primer karaciğer malignitesi olup küratif tek tedavi seçeneği karaciğer transplantasyonudur. Kronik viral hepatit B’ye bağlı dekompanse karaciğer sirozu ve 5 cm.lik hepatoselüler karsinom odağı nedeniyle canlı vericili karaciğer transplantasyonu uygulanmış olan 67 yaşında erkek hastanın post-transplant 2. yılında tüm biyokimyasal verileri, abdominal ve toraks BT’si normal olmasına rağmen sırt ağrısı nedeniyle çekilen dorsal MR’da D7 seviyesinde 2.5 cm.lik nüks gelişmiştir. Radyoterapi ve sonrasında cerrahi uygulanmıştır. Karaciğer transplantasyonu sonrası nüksler sıklıkla ekstrahepatik alanlarda gelişmektedir. Nadiren de olsa kemik ağrısı olanlarda akılda bulundurulmalıdır. Erken tanı ile erken nüks tedavisi mümkün olmaktadır.

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Why scientific philosophy? Why Hans Reichenbach? Is there a good reason for us to adopt the methodological approach of scientific philosophy when philosophical activity and ethics is considered? Should the philosophers be held responsible from the judgments they arrive at? According to Yaman Örs (1936-2016), who embraces the approaches of logical positivism, logical empiricism and scientific philosophy, basically as defended by Hans Reichenbach, there is and they should. Yaman Örs, the late prominent bioethicist, has played a crucial leading role in the development of this academic field in Turkey. He has a great number of invaluable works in different fields. But, this paper focuses on his works in which he covered the importance of scientific philosophy for the philosophical activity, the methodology in ethics and the moral issues arising in the field of bioethics and medical ethics. The main aim of this paper is to examine the methodological approach of Yaman Örs as a scientific philosopher and the significant role it plays in ethics and, in part, bioethics. This paper will also signify in detail the importance of the terms, 'the ethics of philosophy or philosophizing', 'the ethics of philosophers', 'the problem sets in bioethics and medical ethics', and 'ethics of the professions as differentiated extensions of ethics', all of which seem to be first raised by Yaman Örs and are quite important not only for medical ethics and bioethics, but also for philosophy as an academic field of study.

News, as an information type, occupies a significant place in daily life, providing awareness of current events, developments in the surrounding environment, and even influencing decision-making. However, with the increasing use of digital platforms and user interaction, the common definition of news from a journalistic perspective may no longer suffice. This requires reevaluating how news should be defined in news literacy training that addresses the effects of the evolving media landscape. Therefore, understanding how news consumers perceive and define news is important. This study aims to evaluate the news perception of undergraduate students before and after receiving news literacy training based on critical thinking. Using a semi-experimental research design, self-assessment and, pre- and post-tests were conducted to understand students’ news perception. These tests aimed to evaluate students’ self-assessment of their understanding of the news concept, ability to differentiate news within different examples, and definitions of news. The results revealed that students rated themselves higher in their understanding of the news concept, particularly after the training. While students generally exhibited good performance in discerning news across diverse content examples, it was observed that over half of the students also classified an opinion column as news after the training. Furthermore, the students’ post-training definitions often emphasized qualities such as accuracy, reliability, definitiveness, and adherence to the 5W1H rule. These findings highlight the crucial role of employing critical thinking skills, which form the foundation of news literacy, when attributing news qualities to content. Individuals can acquire these skills through training programs tailored to lifelong learning, extended over time, cater to different proficiency levels and designed to foster critical thinking or various types of literacy, such as information and news. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is about the first and only naval battle of the Turkish War of Independence. The battle took place on 27 January 1921 in Ereğli, Black Sea between the Turkish steamboat Alemdar and the French destroyer C80 and lasted for two hours. In this study about the steamboat Alemdar, Turkish and French Diplomatic Archive documents have been utilised; in addition, the subject has been enriched with the Turkish and French press. The developments after the battle, as well as the battle itself, have an important place in Turkish political history. It is believed that the subsequent implicit Alemdar Agreement paved the way for the development and progress of Turkish-French relations and the Ankara Agreement of 1921, one of the most important diplomatic achievements of the Ankara Government. In this study, this thesis has been defended in the light of archival documents; in addition, this unique event of the Turkish War of Independence has been tried to be illuminated and some accepted information on the subject has been updated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fingertip is the most frequently injured area on the hand. Infection is a serious problem when treatment with secondary wound healing is planned in these region amputations. In addition, the scar tissue that develops in secondary healing causes a senseless and nonfunctional fingertip. Replantation is a difficult surgical option in this region, but it offers more successful results when applied with appropriate technique. Although pulp replantations are technically difficult, they give very good cosmetic and functional results. Especially in the thumb pulp amputations, loss of the length of the thumb affects the hand functions negatively, so it is necessary to think about replantation in comparison with other fingers. In this study, we aim to present the stages and outcome of replantation for our patient with total thumb pulp amputation.

Introduction: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate factors associated with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) positivity through the "Raising Public Awareness and Determining Epidemiological Changes in Hepatitis" project conducted by the Viral Hepatitis Society of Turkey. Materials and Methods: A total of 61,943 participants (mean age 35±14.1 years, 50.8% males) who volunteered to participate in the study were screened for HBsAg and anti-HCV by primary healthcare centers distributed throughout 78 cities in Turkey. A standard questionnaire form about sociodemographic features and transmission-related risk factors was completed via face-to-face interviews with each participant. A sub-population of 21,473 participants with complete data were analyzed for the presence of risk factors associated with HBsAg and anti-HCV seropositivity. Results: HBsAg and anti-HCV seropositivity were detected in 1,515 (2.5%) and 332 (0.6%) of the 61,943 study population, respectively. By univariate chi-square test, significant associations were found between hospitalization and anti-HCV and between dental treatment in the last five years and HBsAg and anti-HCV seropositivity. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, dental treatment was still associated with HBsAg and anti-HCV seropositivity, while hospitalization was associated with anti-HCV seropositivity. Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings indicate dialysis and history of hospitalization impose significant risks for hepatitis C transmission, and dental treatment is associated with transmission of both hepatitis B and hepatitis C.

Data related to increasing antibiotic consumption in the world and in Turkey are alarming. This over-consumption is also triggering antibiotic resistance. Unfortunately, Turkey is one of the countries where antibiotic resistance is quite high. Serious efforts have been made in recent years to overcome these problems. However, there are still many distances to be taken. Today, evaluation of antibiotic consumption and consumption in hospitals is determined by antibiotic stewardship. In this report, it is aimed to summarize main items of antibiotic stewardship, global antibiotic consumption and Turkey-wide status, resistance data, evaluation of strategies to prevent resistance, and measures to be taken.

As with other behaviors of people, the approach to alcohol use and cultural and environmental predisposition of the community in which one lives are the main factors that closely affect alcohol use attitudes. In traditional social structures, traditions and customs may have a more dominant role on the behavior of the person. It is possible to see this interaction in the example of the Gypsies, who maintain their cultural patterns and traditional structures through intergenerational transmission and develop a unique attitude due to their commitment to tradition. In particular, this situation can be observed by examining the attitudes and alcohol use behaviors of women and adolescents in this group. At this point, it is important to determine to what extent traditionalist approaches that show a protective approach against alcohol use by women, who are considered to be disadvantaged groups in the society, as well as the exposure of children and adolescents to alcohol and the tolerant approach to alcohol use in this community. In this study, a mixed group of Roman communities, which stand out with an effort to preserve their traditions, was chosen as a sample in order to determine the role of culture in alcohol consumption. Among the prominent results of the research conducted in the Selami Ali neighborhood of Üsküdar, which is one of the historical districts of Istanbul, the sexist approaches in the alcohol use attitudes of men and women of the community, which continue to adhere strictly to their traditions, continue to be fed by customs and traditions, the prevalence of use in the neighborhood leads to children and adolescents found to be adversely affected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bu çalışmada, dikdörtgen kesitli bir kanalın içerisinde, akışa dik olarak yerleştirilmiş ve ısıtılmışsilindir üzerinden olan ısı transferi sayısal olarak incelenmiştir. Akışı idare eden Navier-Stokesdenklemlerinin çözümünde Sonlu Hacim Metodunu (SHM) kullanan ANSYS-FLUENT 14 paket programıkullanılmıştır. Çalışmada, üç farklı türbülans modeli (Std. k-ε, RNG k-ε ve Realizable k-ε) ile dört farklıgiriş Reynolds sayısı (Re= 4000, 8000, 16000 ve 32000) için hesaplamalar yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, Std.ve RNG k-ε türbülans modelleri ile elde edilen sayısal sonuçların deneysel değerlerle iyi uyum gösterdiğitespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca beklenildiği üzere artan Reynolds sayısı ile silindir üzerindeki hemen hemen tümnoktalarda Nusselt sayısı arttırmıştır.

In the present study, numerical analysis of heat transfer from heated cylinder, located inrectangular channel normal to the flow direction is studied. Finite volume based ANSYS-FLUENT 14 codeis used in the solution of governing equations. Three different turbulence models as Std. k-ε, RNG k-ε andRealizable k-ε are used in computations for four different Reynolds numbers, Re= 4000, 8000, 16000, and32000. It is found that numerical results obtained with Std. and RNG k-ε turbulence models are in goodagreement with experimental data for maximum value of local Nusselt number on the cylinder. As expectedthat local Nusselt numbers increase with increasing Reynolds number for almost all points on cylinder.

One of the recent advances in cataract surgery is torsional phacoemulsification. It was developed to increase the efficacy of ultrasonic emulsification. In torsional phacoemulsification, the torsional movement of the tip is translated to side-to-side cutting action with the aid of bent phaco tips. Lens material is cut in both directions, rather than only during a forward stroke. The efficiency of this technique is further enhanced by an improvement in followability provided by the inherent non-repulsive nature of the side-to-side motion. Tip selection is very important for the efficiency of torsional phacoemulsification. Theoretically, there are 2 ways to enhance the cutting efficiency of the tip. First is the stroke length; the 22-degree bent 30-degree Kelman mini-flared tip cuts longer than the 12-degree bent 30-degree mini-flared Kelman tip. Second is the angulation or bevel; the higher the degree (45 degrees), the better cutting efficiency. Retrospective analyses of the previously published clinical studies clearly demonstrated that the efficacy of the torsional phacoemulsification has positive correlation with both the aperture angles and neck angles of the tips. (Turk J Ophthalmol 2014; 44: 392-5)

Objectives: To analyze the IOP spikes after selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT). Materials and Methods: Two hundred eyes of 100 patients who applied to the clinic between 01.11.2010 and 31.10.2011 and who had primary SLT treatment with the diagnosis of primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension were enrolled in the study. Patients’ demographic data, iris color, angle pigmentation, and angle degree measurements with goniolens, pachymetry measurements by optic coherence tomography (OCT), cup/disk measurements (by indirect ophthalmoscopy), and IOP measurements (by applanation tonometry) were noted. The relations between iris color, angle pigmentation, pachymetry and total energy with IOP spike and anterior chamber reactions observed at the 1st and 2nd hour of treatment were evaluated. Results: Thirty-seven percent of the patients were male and 63% of the patients were female. The mean age of males and females was 61.24±11.33 (33-85) and 58.21±12.35 (22-80), respectively. Mean IOP spikes and anterior chamber reactions at the 1st and 2nd hour of the treatment were 3.35 and 2.21 mmHg, respectively, and they were positively correlated (p=0.0001). As the eyes were examined according to iris color, statistically significant higher IOP spikes were observed in brown eyes (3.77 mmHg) than in green (2.62 mmHg) and hazel eyes (1.85 mmHg) (p=0.0001). No significant relationship was found between IOP spikes and pachymetry and total energy whereas positive correlation was observed between IOP spikes and angle pigmentation (p1=0.904, p2=0.823, p3=0.0001). Conclusion: IOP spikes seen after SLT treatment were observed more frequently in dark colored eyes or in eyes with heavily pigmented angles. We believe, the follow-up of these patients requires attention. (Turk J Ophthalmol 2014; 44: 365-9)

Copyright of Journal of Ankara University Faculty of Medicine / Ankara Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Mecmuasi is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Inonu University Health Services Vocational School / Inönü Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi is the property of Inonu Universitesi Saglik Hizmetleri Meslek Yuksekokulu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Pur po se: To evaluate the visual functions of patients who had implantation of new-concept intraocular lens (IOL) OptiVis™, which has aspheric bifocal diffractive and progressive refractive design. Ma te ri al and Met hod: In this prospective study, 52 eyes of 27 patients had a new multifocal IOL OptiVis™ implantation through 2.5 mm incision after cataract surgery with phacoemulsification. 25 of the patients had simultaneous bilateral phacoemulsification with OptiVis™ IOL implantation. Two patients with different multifocal IOL previously implanted underwent monocular OptiVis™ implantation. Monocular distance, near and intermediate visual acuities and contrast sensitivity of the patients were recorded. Presence of glares and halo, frequency of spectacle use and patients’ satisfaction were questioned. Re sults: The mean age of the patients was 71.10±10.60 years and the mean follow-up time was 20.35±13.99 months. The mean monocular uncorrected visual acuities of the patients were 0.96±0.11 (Snellen card in decimals) for distance, J1.07±0.26 (Jaeger card) for near (33 cm) and J2.25±0.55 for intermediate (60 cm) at 6 months after the operations. The mean best-corrected monocular visual acuities were 0.97±0.08, J1.05±0.23 and J2.23±0.54, respectively. The mean monocular contrast sensitivity of the patients under photic conditions were 47 in 1.5 cycles per degree (cpd), 73 in 3 cpd, 61 in 6 cpd, 17 in 12 cpd and 2 in 18 cpd. The halo and glare problems which were moderate at the first postoperative month, were mild or none in 20 patients (74.07%) and moderate in 7 patients (25.92%) at 3 months after the surgery. Only one patient (3.70%) sometimes needed glasses for far vision. Posterior capsule opacification was seen in 3 eyes (5.76%). Dis cus si on: OptiVis™, with its diffractive bifocal design, provided very good distance and near vision without any contrast loss. Additionally, this IOL provided considerably good intermediate vision with its progressive refractive design, thus resulted in high patient satisfaction. (Turk J Ophthalmol 2012; 42: 326-31)

Pur po se: To analyze the visual functions of patients who had cataract operation and accommodative intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Ma te ri al and Met hod: Simultaneous bilateral phacoemulsification and Crystalens HD accommodative IOL implantation were performed to 30 eyes of 15 patients who had come to our clinic with bilateral cataracts. Dominant eyes were planned to be emmetropic and non-dominant eyes were planned to be 0.75 diopters (D) myopic. Postoperative early examinations and 3 month-interval routine eye and refractive examinations were performed. Mean follow-up time was 23.1±2.6 months. Uncorrected and far corrected, monocular and binocular far and near visual acuities were analyzed. Re sults: At the first postoperative month, mean spherical and cylinder refractions were 0.00±1.03 D and -0.82±0.47 D, respectively. Mean uncorrected and corrected monocular near visual acuities were 0.05±0.92 and 0.13±0.92 logMAR (logarithm of minimum angle of resolution), respectively. Mean uncorrected and corrected binocular near visual acuities were 0.03±1.00 and 0.10±1.00 logMAR, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed between the uncorrected and corrected, monocular and binocular near visual acuities (p=0.004, p=0.005, respectively). Results of first month postoperative examinations were compared with the results of 6-, 12-, and 18-month examinations - no statistically significant difference was observed (p>0.05). Dis cus si on: As a result of simultaneous bilateral accommodative IOL implantations, significant increase was observed in the near visual acuities of the patients in the early postoperative period and at 18-month follow-up visit. We believe that binocular implantation of these kinds of accommodative IOLs to appropriate patients would increase the patient satisfaction. (Turk J Ophthalmol 2012; 42: 257-62)