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In recent years, the use of mobile sensors for human activity recognition has become an intriguing research area due to the proliferation of wearable and mobile sensors. In Muslim life, the prayer (Salah) is an activity that believers are obligated to perform five times a day. In this study, a new dataset, including Salah, is presented for use in human activity recognition. Named HAR-P (Human Activity Recognition for Praying), the dataset comprises linear acceleration, acceleration, magnetic field, and gyroscope sensor data for eight activities: walking, running, typing, downstairs, upstairs, sitting, standing, and praying. Data were collected from 50 male volunteers aged 15-60 using a smartwatch for the HAR-P dataset. The classification performance of LSTM, ConvLSTM, and CNN-LSTM models was compared for the HAR-P dataset. The highest average classification accuracy of 91% was achieved with the LSTM method using linear acceleration sensor data and the ConvLSTM model using acceleration sensor data, while the lowest average accuracy of 83.6% was attained with the gyroscope sensor data and the ConvLSTM method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the developing technology, additive manufacturing technique has become one of the manufacturing areas whose importance is increasing day by day in different fields. Additive manufacturing is a method based on the principle of producing/laying the object to be produced layer by layer. The additive manufacturing method is widely used in different industries such as aviation, automotive and biomedical due to its advantageous features such as easy production of complex shaped parts, cost and production speed. Due to these advantages, it has started to replace subtractive manufacturing methods in the near future. The production of wearable technology and biomaterials, which are among the additive manufacturing application areas, has been the focus of attention of researchers with an increasing momentum in recent years. This compilation study, which was carried out due to the successful applications of the additive manufacturing technique in these areas, is important in order to follow the current progress of the title and the course of future studies. For this purpose, it is aimed to convey the current developments in the field of wearable technology, especially on the production of sensors and biomaterials by additive manufacturing method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this manuscript, some voice activity detectors (VADs) in the literature were examined in terms of factors affecting their robustness under different acoustic noise conditions and in this context, the changes in detection accuracy rates according to changing noise conditions were tested. In this scope, the effect of situations such as whether the threshold value used in the decision phase in VAD methods is fixed or adaptive, the analysis window is short or long, the use of more than one feature vector together has been evaluated and analyzed comparatively. While three of the four different VAD detectors examined in this manuscript use feature vectors within the short-term analysis window while generating the decision result, one decides according to the measurement result of long-term spectral vectors. The VAD detectors in the article have been tested using the NOIZEUS noisy speech database. Thus, the performance of the analyzed VADs has been evaluated under different acoustic conditions using an extensive database that has already taken place in the literature. During the testing of the analyzed VADs, different input noise speech signals with environmental background noises between [15-0dB] such as restaurant, car, street, or station were tested. Tests were carried out using objective test measurement methods and the detection accuracy rate of each VAD method was measured. The results showed that each method gave different endurance performance in adverse environmental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, an industrial internet of things (IIoT) based sensor card system has been developed to predict the failures that may occur in induction motors (IMs), which is widely used in the industry and therefore it is important to take predictive maintenance measures. The realized system has been tested on a 3-phase IM with 250 kW power and 315L body structure. The conditions of this IM were detected by the sensors in the embedded system and transferred to a cloud network with the embedded system. The ESP-WROOM-32 microcontroller, which includes Wi-Fi and Bluetooth communication protocols in the sensor card application, is mounted on a LIS3DH accelerometer that detects frequency-dependent vibration data in three axes and NTC IM at 10 KQ for temperature data. By evaluating these sensor data, predictive maintenance determinations that may occur in the IM were made and predictive maintenance decisions were made for the IM to send warnings to the users with these detections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Image processing is used in many sectors in parallel with the developing software and hardware technology. Differences are observed in the image techniques used according to the needs of the sectors. In this context, very precise measurements and powerful algorithms are required to be used in the field of health. In this article, an image mosaic was made on retinal images using datasets such as D-EYE and FIRE. Feature detection, feature matching, image matching, image wrapping and image mosaicing processes are applied on the images. Harris corner detector was used to find the corners in the image. The positions of the points in the 2 corresponding images were found with the corner detector. Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) was used as the feature recognition algorithm between the coordinates. Feature and image matching processes were performed between the determined features. Weak spots are eliminated with the help of Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC). The homography is defined for the projective transformation with the remaining points. In the last step, a geometric transformation was made with the homography matrix. The image mosaic application in our study; It can be applied to a wide area, especially retinal images, unmanned aerial vehicle images, bacteria or tomography images. It has been tested with different data sets and a successful result has been obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, demand for electronic nose systems has increased and has taken its place among the fast techniques due to increasing interest in the studies for developing fast and economic techniques in determining the quality properties of foods. Electronic nose systems that mimic the human olfactory mechanism have gas sensors designed for different technologies in different types. Metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors (MOS) based on conductivity measurement from these gas sensors has found wide usage in medicine, chemistry, agriculture, and food sector due to its rapid response, cheapness, robustness, and portability. Food quality, shelf life, storage, microbial contamination, degradation, adulteration, and classification are among the studies carried out by means of electronic nose technology. The use of electronic nose metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors can be an alternative to existing food analyses and provide an opportunity to verify their results. In this review, it is aimed to summarize electronic nose metal oxide semiconductor sensors and especially scientific studies carried out by these sensors in food analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems & Applications is the property of Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems & Applications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this study, the dual-channel photonic crystal fibre (PCF) based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor has been proposed to sense multi-analyte. Gold and silver used as plasmonic layers. Full vectorial Finite Element Method (FV-FEM) have been used to perform numerical analysis. Also, the spectral interrogation method has been used to calculate the sensitivity of the proposed sensor structure. According to numerical results, the highest sensitivity levels are obtained as 6800 nm/RIU with 1.47x10−5 RIU, where the average sensitivities are calculated as 3500 nm/RIU and 3100 nm/RIU for fixed and variable refractive indices, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When the vehicles are parked, the babies, the kids or the pets may be forgotten in the vehicle due to intense work tempo, stress and tiredness. Thus, they may die from asphyxiation or overtemperature. Even in school services, the kids may be forgotten and left locked in the vehicle via unnoticed by the drivers. For this reason, a new sensor, which can control the glasses of vehicles, was designed and manufactured prototype to secure life-beings that are forgotten in the vehicles from asphyxiation and overtemperature. The produced sensor can check whether the parked vehicle has a life-being inside or not, and if the vehicle has a life-being, the sensor can monitor the ambient conditions in the vehicle in order not to be damaged the living activities of the lifebeing. When the ambient conditions are harmful to the life-being, the sensor can open the glasses of the vehicle and ring an alarm to warn. A work systematic was designed for the sensor, and it was tested in the control volume produced as a prototype to observe whether it can work effectively or not. A Microcontroller was coded according to working systematically; it monitored the ambient conditions by connecting with electronic circuit elements. When the critical parameters affecting vital activities were reached, it controlled the glasses and rang the alarm autonomously. The sensor is an innovative and promising product for especially cars and school services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of SDU Journal of Engineering Sciences & Design / Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi is the property of Journal of Engineering Sciences & Design and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research was carried out in the Çatalağzı region (Zonguldak Province), where two coal-fired thermal power plants are located. In this study, biomonitor moss samples (Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw.) were collected from 39 points, and the atmospheric accumulations of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and trace elements were investigated in these samples. PAHs in the moss samples were extracted with dichloromethane using an ultrasonic bath, and the samples obtained after a cleaning process were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV). Total PAH concentrations determined in moss samples were ranged from 53.7 to 1707.9 ng/g. The predominant PAHs were phenanthrene, pyrene and fluoranthene. Regarding trace elements, moss samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after microwave digestion process. The concentration order was found for trace elements in moss samples was Zn> Pb> Cu> Cr> Ni> As> Cd. Possible relationships between PAHs and metals, both within themselves and with each other, were investigated using Pearson correlation analysis, and it was found that there were statistically significant relationships between some variables. Deposition density maps were created according to the sampling points for PAH and trace elements, and it was observed that the pollutants were at higher levels near the thermal power plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When heavy metal ions join the human food chain, they cause severe harm to the human liver, bone, kidney, teeth, and central nervous system. Therefore, the development of new techniques for rapid, easy, simple, reliable, and low-cost identification of toxic metal ions is a key point for improving public health. Naked eye detection of hazardous metal ions with colorimetric sensors has been gained attention due to its applicability among common people. In this study, the sensor properties of 3-methyl-4-((3-phenylallylidene)amino)phenol (SAR) were investigated. The structure of the sensor were verified by Mass spectrometry, ¹H NMR, and 13C NMR. In the applications, firstly the color of the sensor was compared with/without metal ions, then the measurements were made in the UV-Vis spectrophotometer. UV-Vis spectroscopic studies exhibit that SAR shows excellent sensitivity and selectivity to Hg2+ ions in MeOH (methanol) / H2O (water) (v/v, 1:1). SAR can detect Hg2+ ions by color change from yellow to pink. Job's method and UV-Vis titration values at 528 nm were used to determine the complex stoichiometry between SAR and Hg2+ and the complex (SAR/Hg2+) stoichiometry was found to be 2:1. The binding constant was found to be 1.56 х 1012 M-2. Additionally, the binding between the sensor and Hg2+ was reversible. The limit of detection was also determined and calculated as 7.89 × 10-6 M. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is commonly known that people are exposed to radon and its progenies since they spend about 35% of daytime at workplaces. This exposure has been reported to be more than 50% of the natural radiation. Therefore, determination of indoor radon concentration has been widely conducted by the scientists. This work presents indoor radon measurements and the associated annual dose equivalentsobtained in 28 public buildings of the Afyonkarahisar province. The survey was conducted using passive nuclear track detectors and repeated quarterly during a year.The investigation focused on the seasonal and regional effects in indoor radon concentration anomalies. The measured values ranged from 13 Bq.m-3to 1932 Bq.m-3, whereas the calculated average values were in the range of 21,75 Bq.m-3and 1032,50Bq.m-3. Moreover, the mean indoor radon concentration and the corresponding annual dose equivalent valueswere obtained as 158,83±13,16Bq.m-3and 1,25±0,10mSv.y-1, respectively.

In this study, it was aimed to determine the forces and torques acting on the shoulder and elbow joints of the upper limbs, which are the most commonly used body parts in daily life. The subject was asked to take a certain load on the table while standing upright, bring him closer to himself and leave it back. A dynamic model was created using the Newton-Euler method to determine the joint force and torque occurring in the shoulder and elbow during the movements performed by the selected subject while performing this task. Wearable motion sensors were used to measure the location data of the joints. The torque and link force values in the joints were calculated using the dynamic model created with the motion data received from these sensors. The calculation results obtained were evaluated comparatively and it was revealed in which cases the forces and torques acting on the joints increased and what measures could be reduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Social Research / Turkiye Sosyal Arastirmalar Dergisi is the property of Turkish Journal of Social Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this study, energy resolution dependent on K-Parameters (Trapezoidal filter system optimizing the count rate) of EXOGAM2 detector with newly developed NUMEXO2 digital electronics using 152Eu radioactive source measured and analysed. This experimental study was carried out at the GANIL (Grand Accelerature National d'Ions Lourd) nuclear research center in France. The measurement and analysis results for different K parameters using a 152Eu radioactive source with low and high gamma energy levels were performed for two EXOGAM2 detectors. Without applying any K parameter, the resolution values expressed by FWHM for the first EXOGAM2 detector are measured as 2.360 for (344.278 keV), 2.820 for (1408.006 keV) and 2.451 and 2.975 for the second EXOGAM2 detector, respectively. By using the same procedures energy resolutions of EXOGAM2 detectors obtained for different K-Parameters (K=2μs, K=5μs and K=10μs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of SDU Journal of Engineering Sciences & Design / Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi is the property of Journal of Engineering Sciences & Design and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Spring mineral water contains minerals in itself that is beneficial for human health. These minerals are not synthesized in the human body, and they should be taken from outside. The aim of the study is to determine whether the mineral waters have positive/negative effects on the mineral content of the additives and the determination of using / disuse mineral water when preparing products. In this study, four different categories were compared in the local market: standard mineral water, flavored mineral water, fruity mineral water, and mineral water with vitamin. Anion (Cl-, F-, NO2-, NO3-, PO43-, SO42-) and cation (Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+) compounds were determined by ion chromatography with conductivity detector (IC-CD). Result of SO4 24.55 mgL-1, 21.52 mg L-1, 21.20 mg L-1, and 55.08 mg L-1 for standard, flavored, fruity mineral water, and mineral water with vitamin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lavandula genus (Lamiacea) is an important taxon, which contains essential oil plants that have a great economic and medical importance. The genus has two species that are naturally growing in Turkey, Lavandula stoechas subsp. stoechas (karabaş) and L. pedunculata subsp. cariensis (Karan). These species, locally known as karabaşotu, karan, yalancı lavanta, karahan and they are generally used interchangeably in folk medicine for medical purposes. Their infusions and essential oils are widely used for their analgesic, antiseptic, wound healing, expectorant, nerve and heart tonic properties. In our study, the essential oil composition of the flowers and camphor quantity in prepared infusions, European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) announced the toxic doses, were determined by using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and gas chromatography/flame ionization detector. Camphor (7-53%) and fenchone (27-58%) were found as the main components of the oils, whereas the amounts of camphor in %5 infusions were found between the range of 4,6-243 µg/mL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, all solid-state type potentiometric PVC membrane selective microsensor was developed for atenolol which is an antihypertensive drug active substance. Atenolol-tetraphenylborate ion-pair was used as an ionophore in the structure of the sensor membrane. It was determined that the sensor membrane at the ratio of 62% dioctyl sebacate, 30% polyvinyl chloride and 4% ion-pair performed the best potentiometric performance. In a wide concentration range (5x10-5-1x10-2 mol L-1), the slope, detection limit, pH range, response time, and life-time of the sensor were determined as 36.6±2.6 mV (R²=0.996), 1.26 x10-5 mol L-1, pH:3-8, 10-12 s, and ~6 weeks, respectively. The prepared microsensor was successfully utilized for the determination of atenolol in pharmaceutical drug sample. It was observed that the obtained results were in agreement with the results obtained by the UV method at 95% confidence level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, natural and artificial radiation levels of some agricultural products (cabbage, potato, bean and corn) grown in Artvin province were determined. A total of 78 samples were collected from 24 pieces of corn and beans and 15 from potato and cabbage. The collected agricultural products were analyzed using a gamma spectrometer counting system including Canberra GX5020 HPGe detector. The activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K natural radionuclides and fission product artificial 137Cs radioisotope were determined. For corn, these average activity values are respectively; 9.5, 12.7, 279.0, 23.5 Bq/kg, respectively for potato; 11.7, 12.9, 307.9, 32.5 Bq/kg, respectively for bean; 10.7, 16.3, 392.5, 41.1 Bq/kg and for cabbage respectively; 25.9, 36.3, 486.5, 15.4 Bq/kg. The data obtained were compared with similar studies in different places in the world and the reference values of UNSCEAR. The results of 226Ra and 232Th average activity results obtained in this study were higher than UNSCEAR reference values. Finally, the distribution of radioactivity levels in agricultural products is shown by mapping on a specific color scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

businesses are aware that it is difficult to obtain efficient and efficient storage and distribution services within the supply chain in the current business environment. in this context, companies providing storage and distribution services can reduce operational costs with renewable energy, motion and time sensor lighting systems, automatic transport equipment, natural ventilation systems, solar panels, water treatment systems, green buildings that they can create using iso standards. in the near future, it will be understood that maintaining economic and operational efficiency, minimizing damage to the environment and creating suitable working environments can only be possible and lasting with the efficient management of green warehouses. in literature, there is a significant gap between this warehouse management and its environmental impact. in this study, the effects on the business performance of green warehouse management application 453 logistics enterprises in turkey were investigated. research hypotheses were evaluated by regression analysis. as a result of the research, it was concluded that the green warehouse management practices were adopted by the enterprises. in addition, it has been determined that green warehouse management applications have a significant effect on operational performance and sub-dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, natural radionuclide (226Ra, 232Th and 40K) concentrations were measured in edible part of shi drum grown in Muğla region and radiological risk assessment was performed. For this purpose, pan size fish were taken from the farm soon after harvesting and fillets were separated. Gamma spectrometric measurements of samples were performed with high resolution germanium detector and radiological risk factors were calculated. It was observed that the activities ranged from 0.63 to 4.60 Bq kg-1 for 226Ra, from 0.29 to 4.14 Bq kg-1 for 232Th and from 133.19 to 160.57 Bq kg-1 for 40K in edible parts of farmed shi drum. Radium equivalent activity and annual effective dose averages of the samples were calculated as 13,79 ± 0,62 Bq kg-1 and 4,96 ± 0,07Sv y-1, respectively. The findings are important in terms of forming database for shi drum grown in culture conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents the results of 226Ra, 232Th, 137Cs and 40K radionuclide concentrations in the fruit part of cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus L.) and soil samples in root of this species were collected from fourteen different stations in the Eastern Black Sea Region. The mean activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, 137Cs and 40K in the fruit part of cherry laurel were 1.75, 1.03, 2.07 and 215.38 Bq kg-1, respectively. The mean activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in soil samples were determined to be lower than the world average value. The highest 137Cs radionuclide concentration in fruit of cherry laurel and soil samples was monitored in the Rize center location. In addition, radiological impact parameters such as daily intake of 226Ra, 232Th, 137Cs and 40K, annual committed effective dose and carcinogenic risk due to the consumption of cherry laurel were calculated and compared with the international data. The radium equivalent activity (Raeq), the absorbed dose rate (D), the external hazard index (Hex) and the annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE) for soil samples were also evaluated. Moreover, transfer factors of 226Ra, 232Th, 137Cs and 40K from soil to fruit part of cherry laurel were determined. The results indicate that the lifetime cancer risk and the radiological impact parameters values in the samples from the area studied in this present work is not significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), system resources, such as the total node energy, need to be utilized effectively while executing the task of interest. Since a number of sensor nodes may be needed in various type of applications, it is also important to develop each sensor node in a cost effective manner. The purpose of this paper is to develop a custom made, low power, cost-effective wireless sensor node based on a MSP430G2553 microprocessor and nRf24l01+ wireless transceiver module. Then, using these nodes, we form a simple WSN testbed, and locate the position of a light emitting source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Karaelmas Science & Engineering Journal / Karaelmas Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi is the property of Karaelmas Science & Engineering Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this study, the temperature measurement system is designed and experimentally performed with a single and array Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) based temperature sensor. A 1532.032 nm seramic plated and a 1536.674 nm metal plated FBG sensors are used. The temperatures of the single and array sensors are changed between 30°C to 100°C and optic signal variations at the output are investigated with used swept laser technique. Consequently, temperatures are measured accurate and fast w 10.17341/gazimmfd.337650 ith the precision of 0.5°C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The most well-known surveillance and perimeter protection systems used today count on person-centered services with conventional tools such as fences, walls and cameras. However, conventional techniques cannot always detect threats effectively. Moreover, fences using different sensors are weak for reaction time when an infiltration occurs. In order to provide sufficient response time to prevent a threat, we propose an electromagnetic fence application based on software defined radio in the laboratory conditions. The fence is formed with two broadband metamaterial antennas which allow to change frequency against interference and intended jamming. According to the experimental results, it is predicted that the proposed fence system can be used to detect an activity beyond or along the perimeter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is possible to determine thermal impedance value of a LED using a formula and some voltages measured on a specific measuring circuit. The formula has been obtained in pulsed high current operation of LED. Measuring circuits consist of an astable multivibrator which can drive a LED with pulsed high currents with appropriate pulse duration/period ratio and a photo detector circuit which converts LED's radiant power to proportional voltage. Three measured voltages have been used in formula to calculate thermal impedance. One of them is photo detector voltage which is proportional to LED's radiant power and the second one is a voltage drop on a resistor which is serial to LED and which is proportional to LED's current. Third measured voltage is voltage drop on the LED. The error ratio of calculated thermal impedance has been decreased in pulsed high currents. In this new method only voltages have been measured. There is no need thermal and optical measurements as available methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Determination of compensating for count losses for the correctness of analyses in spectrometric analysis of qualitative and quantitative use of x-gamma ray detectors are of importance. These counting losses in spectrometry are due to paralyzable and non-paralyzable system dead time. In this work, a computer program was developed for compensate to counts losses due to dead time. Experimental studies were performed to test of this program. This program was coded by DELPHI program compiler. The program consists of original dead time correction, peak search, graphics module, program interface, a report module. In this program, either corrected or uncorrected spectra is given the opportunity to examine separately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Positron emission tomography (PET) is an imaging modality based on an annihilation interaction between a positron (β+) and an electron (e-), which in turn produces two inverse annihilation photons with 511 keV of energy. Nowadays, commercially available radionuclides with a short half-life ranging from 2 s to 110 min, such as 11C, 18F, and 68Ga, are used for a PET scan. Computed tomography (CT) data are used to perform attenuation correction and lesion discrimination over PET images. Adding TOF technology to the LSOand LYSO-equipped PET systems impressively enhances the image quality and distinction of lesions in new generation scanners. A PET/CT scan generally leads to impart an absorbed dose of 15-25 mSv for each patient. On the other hand, the technicians who are using PET are exposed to radiation within the annual permitted limits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People moving on a ground generate a consecutive impact which excites the ground and vibrations spread as seismic waves expanding from the source. Seismic level vibrations could be used to detect human intruders. In this study, ground vibrations are acquired and analyzed by dividing the time history into windowed segments. In order to collect vibration signal an experimental setup is formed and different scenarios are tested. Then, test results are analyzed in time and frequency domain. Tests are exposed the walking characteristics of human as well as ground vibrations propagation components. Results show that human intrusion can be identified by ground vibration measurement and analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the inhalation of radon and radon progenies may cause serious health risks such as increase in the incidence of lung cancer, it is important to determine indoor radon concentrations. In the present study, the performance of the etching unit (track-matic), an automatic bath processing appliance for CR-39 nuclear track detectors that we designed as an alternative to conventional Radobath etching unit, was examined. Indoor radon measurements were performed for a 6-weeks period by using CR-39 detectors, which were placed in 10 measurement points in couples at the Süleyman Demirel University campus. At the end of the measurement period the CR-39 detectors were collected and the counting process of alpha traces (recorded by the detectors) were fulfilled in the Health Physics Laboratory of Sarayköy Nuclear Research and Training Center (SANAEM) in Ankara. At the stage of making the recorded alpha traces visible, for all the detector couples obtained from the measurement points, the film processing of one detector was performed by using the conventional Radobath etching unit in SANAEM laboratory and the bath process of the other CR-39 detector was performed by our device. Then the results of the analyses were compared to each other. Within the limitations of this study it may be concluded that, the track-matic device that we developed, which is approximately 65 times more economical than the current film processing unit Radobath, can be used for chemical etching process of CR-39 detectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, Bayesian Filter based reliable localization techniques that use depth information collected by range measuring sensors in indoor/outdoor environments, or terrains in general, are commonly analyzed and sample applications to both land and air vehicles have been demonstrated in real and simulated environments. For the applications, a reference depth map of the mission space is generated first, if not available already. This map is used by the vehicle for localization purposes. When the mission starts, the vehicle does not know its whereabouts and it is assumed that GPS-like external localization systems cannot be used. The vehicle compares the observations coming from onboard range sensors like Sonar, Lidar and/or Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) against the reference map and updates its estimated position at every step. The estimated position and the actual position equates after enough observations are made. In the first sample application presented, a Pioneer P3- DX model research robot determines its indoor position using one-dimensional localization. In the second application, an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) performs localization in a simulation environment using synthetic two-dimensional elevation data. And in the last example, UAV localization is demonstrated again using real Digital Terrain Elevation Data (DTED). A discussion about faster and more efficient localization in case of the presence of additional localization data is also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Karaelmas Science & Engineering Journal / Karaelmas Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi is the property of Karaelmas Science & Engineering Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this study, phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of olive oil obtained from cv. Gemlik wereinvestigated. Phenolic composition was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)coupled with diode array detector and characterized by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS). A total of 13 different phenolic compounds, including hydroxytyrosol, 4-hydroxybenzoicacid, tyrosol, 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid, vanillic acid, vanilin, syringic acid, p-coumaricacid, ferulic acid, cinnamic acid, apigenin and luteolin were identified. Tyrosol (9.85 mg/kg) determinedas the main phenols found in olive oil and followed by apigenin (5.40 mg/kg) and hydroxytyrosol(3.21 mg/kg) respectively. Antioxidant activity of olive oil was measured by using the DPPH and ABTSassays. A high correlation between total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity (R2 = 0.657-0.817)along with applied methods (R2 = 0.933) were determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the chromatographic behaviors of four sulfonamides (sulfanilamide, sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, sulfamonomethoxine) were investigated by a HPLC using polypyrrole as a potentiometric detector. The effect of acetonitrile-water ratio and pH were determined for %15, 30, 40 and 50 (v/v) acetonitrile/water binary mixture between pH 1.5 and 7.0 prepared Britton-Robinson buffers,. The polypyrrole potentiometric detector was prepared by electropolymerization on the surface of glassy carbon. Detection limits of these compounds were calculated as: 1.92.10-6 M for sulfanilamide; 2.12.10-6 M for sulfadiazine; 1.83.10-6 M for sulfamerazine; 1.25.10-6 M for sulfamonomethoxine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Optical Transition Radiation (OTR) is used for beam profile measurements in accelerator facilities. In OTR systems generally aluminum and gold are used as view screens. In this work, the simulation studies were carried out on usability of Silicon (Si) material as view screens in OTR systems. The simulations studies were carried out with two different electron beam energies of 18.5 MeV and 38.5 MeV on aluminum, lead, titanium, copper, silver, gold and silicon based view screen materials. It can be seen from the simulation results that silicon based view screens will be a good candidate as view screen in OTR systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, intrusion detection systems (IDSs) which are important tools for providing information and computer security were analyzed, the methods used in developing IDSs were reviewed, the studies on IDS's were revised, and an intelligent IDS was developed and introduced. In the development phase, artificial neural network (ANN), intelligent IDS and database used in developing and testing IDS applications were also reviewed. An intelligent IDS was designed and developed with the help of KDD'99 database. Evaluating the results obtained from this study and the developed IDS. Enlightening the reviews, it can be concluded that selecting appropriate model and database are very crucial for better intelligent IDS design. The developed model takes 22sec to evaluate 65536 data set of network packets. Every dataset is processed in 0.00048sec. The developed IDS models were performed the tasks with high accuracies between %81.93 and %97.92. Finally, it is expected that this study might help to improve and bring new insight for information and computer security studies to be made in Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, sensor system based on reflectometric interference spectroscopy has been prepared for selective recognition and binding of TNF-α biomolecules. For this purpose, carboxymethyldextran coated and reflectometric interference spectroscopy based sensor systems have been activated for binding of suitable orientated antibody. Then, anti-TNF-α antibody has been bound on the surface and binding efficiency and binding constants of prepared sensors have been investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper a new method for non-contact scanning of engineering surfaces will be presented. Similar to the classical confocal microscope principal but without using real physical pinholes a new method that uses Digital Micromirror Device (DMD™) as virtual illumination pinhole and selective CCD camera as virtual detection is developed. With this study, this new, flexible and highly accurate a micromirror- based system will be introduced. The concept concerning system layout and system performance together with the measurement results will be presented. Confocal microscopy was first described by M. Minsky in 1957 and in last couple decades it becomes one of the most powerful tool for 3D characterization of complex engineering surfaces. In reflection mode confocal microscopy applications a point illumination source is imaged onto object by using a microscope objective (first focus point). This focusing point on object results with maximum intensity on a detector by passing through the detector pinhole (second focus point) where the lights from defocused neighborhoods object regions are strongly suppressed by the pinhole. In other words, the detector signal that is determined by the pinhole size is reduced strongly by defocusing the specimen. This characteristic of confocal system gives us a chance to make optical sectioning with high vertical resolution discrimination by suppressing the scattered light from defocused object position. It is also well known that confocal microscopy gives some improvements in the sense of lateral resolution compared to the classical microscopy. (DMD™) technology was developed by Texas Instruments. The DMD that used in the setup consists of 600×800 programmable micromirrors. Each of these mirrors has 16μm × 16μm square size with a 1μm gap between them and each mirror tilt ±10° around the diagonal axis with help of underlying memory cel. DMD as a member of MEMS device can also be used as a light switch. … [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heterogeneous wireless sensor network (HWSN) based border surveillance systems are composed of several types of sensors such as video, temperature, seismic, and sound sensors. The data collected in these networks are analyzed by data aggregators or a central base station to determine illegal activities inside the border region. Due to high security requirements, concealed data aggregation is vital for mission critical HWSNs. However, since multiple sensor types that generate different data types, performing concealed data aggregation in these networks is not a trivial task. In this paper, a concealed data aggregation protocol that allows aggregation of multiple data types in border surveillance systems. The novel idea behind the paper is that the proposed concealed data aggregation protocol is able to aggregate different sensor data types into a single data packet. Moreover, the base station is able to obtain each different data type separately when it decrypts the aggregated data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A control system is an interconnection of components to perform certain tasks and to generate desired output signal, when it is driven by the input signal. In contrast to an open-loop system, a closedloop control system uses sensors to measure the actual output to adjust the input in order to achieve desired output. Most industrial control systems are no longer single-input and single-output (SISO) but multi-input and multi-output (MIMO) systems with a high coupling between the channels. In the design of all dynamical systems stability is the most important property. When a dynamic system is described by its input-output relationship such as a transfer function, the system is stable if it generates bounded outputs for any bounded inputs; bounded-input boundedoutput (BIBO) stability. For a linear, time-invariant system modeled by a transfer function matrix, the BIBO stability is guaranteed if and only if all the poles of the transfer function matrix are in the openleft- half complex plane. A reasonable approach to controller design is to find the set of all stabilizing compensators and then using a member of this set to satisfy further design criteria. A complete parameterization of all stabilizing controllers for a given system was suggested by Youla. An important disadvantage of this parameterization is that the order of the controller cannot be fixed. As a result, the order of the controller tends to be quite high most of the time. Therefore, in the last few years computation of all stabilizing controllers of a given order is examined by several researchers. It is a common fact that it is more difficult to design controllers for MIMO systems because there are usually interactions between different control loops. To overcome this difficulty decentralized controllers are considered which have fewer tuning parameters compared to general multivariable controllers. For example, decentralized PID (P: proportional, I: integral, D: derivative) controllers are widely used in process control due their simplicity and facility in working in case of actuator and/or sensor failure because it is relatively easy to tune manually as only one loop is directly affected by the failure. If a MIMO system described by a n×n transfer-function matrix G(s) is diagonal dominant over the bandwidth of interest, or there exists an input compensator matrix C(s) to achieve diagonal dominance, then the stability and time domain behavior of the system can be inferred from the diagonal elements of G(s)C(s). The relative gain array the (inverse-) Nyquist array approach, the block Nyquist array method, the Perron-Frobenius scaling procedure and the characteristic locus method are among the analysis and design methods to reduce the interaction in a multivariable system.… [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data fusion is the name of the methods or procedures that collects the information from different or same sensors of physical, geometric or geographic signs to generate a meaning. Data fusion is a procedure formed from several stages. In this study, after examining data fusion and the techniques that are used in data fusion, , data reliability which is one of the phases of data fusion subject, was examined. In this context, two different sensors at a given time for a moving object is assumed to be taken the speed and position information. Tracking information which belongs to target, is calculated for the time interval 1-15 sec. in MATLAB simulink. Predicted speed and position calculations and measurements which is detected by sensors are showed in the results of the calculation. The obtained results were evaluated by using fuzzy logic controller. Finally, according to the accuracy ratings of datas, it is provided a decision if the information can be used in data fusion or not in presented simulation study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radon is the major part of the natural indoor radioactivity. It is important to determine the indoor radon concentration for calculating the exposed radiation doses due to radon inhalation. In this study, the radon concentrations were measured in 2008 summer term at Zonguldak Karaelmas University Central Library by using CR-39 passive nuclear track detectors which were located on 12 different points in the library. It was found that, the average radon concentration on the Central Library was 67.1 Bq/m3. It was recorded that a radon concentration value at the new study room on the ground-floor was higher than 400 Bq/m3, TAEK's lower limit value for indoors. This may be a health risk for the library users and especially for the staff. Therefore, necessary precautions that must be taken have been stated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, measurements were carried out with a Geiger-Mueller LND712 detector, Radiation Alert Monitor4, calibrated by Cesium 137 every month during one year in order to detect natural background radiation rate exposed by man in Yalvaç Antiocheia Pisidia Antique City of Isparta, Turkey. Measurements obtained in the morning, at noon and in the evening on condition of three times during one day have been changed according to months and seasons. Annual arithmetic mean radiation dose changes from 1.22 to 1.66 mSv/year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radon is the only alpha emitting radioactive gas. Inhalation of radon and radon daughters may cause serious health risks. Thus, it is crucial to determine indoor radon concentrations. In this study, radon level measurements have been presented for Prof. Dr. Hasan Gürbüz Information Center, which has 8000 square meters closed area, in Silleyman Demirel University. Measurements were performed by Using passive nuclear etched track detectors. For this purpose, CR-39 detectors were placed into 20. measurement points in the Information Center for a 67 days period between December 2008 and February 2009. It was found that the average radon concentration of the center was 188 Bq/m3. Furthermore, in three measurement points high radiation levels were recorded, which were higher than the 500 Bq/m3 that is the lower limit value of ICRP (International Commission on Radiological Protection) for the work places. As a result, annual equivalent dose values for library users, full-time and part-time staff have been calculated as 0,49 mSv/y, 1,97 mSv/y and 0,98 mSv/y respectively. Necessary precautions that might be taken for the locations with high radon levels were also considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]