Search

Consumption perceived more as an economic activity at first sight; beyond being a mere economic reality, it has a social, cultural and psychological dimension and meaning. As a matter of fact, as a result of the progress and transformations of the production system, which is a product of the economic system, consumption emerges as a way of participating in social life as a cultural practice and as an important instrument of developing social relations. In this context, the motto of "consume as much as you need" of the pre-industrial period has left its place to the motto "you have as much as you consume" shaped in line with themes and motives such as "desire, pleasure and status" during and after the industrial period. The subject of this study is the new appearances and new meanings of consumption shaped by changing production systems and consumer expectations. The aim of the study is to discuss the transformations of the production-consumption relationship without neglecting the production aspect of the subject in an effort to present a historical integrity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Henry Ford's mass production system that began in 1914 by creating the moving assembly line has become the symbol of Fordism. Henry Ford adopted Frederic Winslow Taylor's scientific management approach which describes the motion and time study and put this system into practice which was the production system between the years 1945-1973. The progress of technology start to live the information age, the mass production system which cannot cope with the demands of consumers, the lack of flexibility in production, to begin to experience strong workers' resistance against the change, have led to inadequate, gradually. Flexible system of production, with another name post-fordist system, that first emerged in Italy has enabled the development of new manufacturing sectors and technological and commercial innovations. At the same time; it recognized socio-economically facilities to employees. The concept of flexible production corresponds to the concurrent period with the concept of new public administration approach. With the impact of new public administration in conjunction with the occurrence of innovation and change in public institutions the form of operation of staffs in government departments began to change. The application of public administration by the Ministry of Health in Turkey and Yalova Municipality is one of the examples in the field of flexibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a well-known reality that capitalism forms the economic system of the world. Therefore, fordism and post-fordism contained in the economic system are also under the influence of capitalism. As shown in the research, fordism affects the modernism, and in the next step dealt post-fordism influences the post-modernism. On the other hand, the modernism and post-modernism theories have been considered through different perspectives by the "development literature" and the "underdevelopment literature". It is not possible to find a solution against the social development problem unless these theories are taken into consideration in terms of "underdevelopment" perspective. For this reason, in this article, investigation of the modernism and post-modernism theories has been concentrated in terms of underdevelopment based on production relations which determines economic systems. According to the findings acquired in literature review, modernism and post-modernism are beneficial for developed countries based on relations of production. Starting this point, this study aims to emphasize the factors that could be disadvantageous for underdeveloped countries and attempts to offer new policies intended to prevent the undesired effects of these factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a common mode of production, from 1910s to 1960s, Fordism has left its dominant position to Post-Fordism or Flexible Production and Accumulation Regime from the 1970s. Transition, from Fordist production and accumulation period to flexible production and accumulation period in the business world, means a major paradigm shift. Significant changes have been experienced in the field of public administration while flexible small businesses has become the most important driving force of the economy in the new period. New Public Management, Public Administration and Public Management Reforms have been started as change and renewal movements of public administration from the 1970s. As we have seen the change in public administration gained momentum with Flexible Production and Accumulation Regime over the same period, but the diversity was not seen as an impact of Flexible Production and Accumulation Regime. Whereas in the field of public administration, privatization-autonomy-localization movements, flexible working and management procedures and the provision of public services to benefit from external sources (subcontracting) cases, developed directly as a result of Flexible Production and Accumulation Regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]