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Objective: There is not a definitive virological treatment for chronic hepatitis B . Withdrawal of nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) therapy frequently results in viral recurrence, necessitating lifetime treatment. We aimed to look into the results of discontinuation of nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy in HBeAg negative patients. Methods: Treatment of HBeAg-negative patients without cirrhosis who had suppressed HBV DNA for a mean of ≥7 years and underwent nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy for a mean of ≥7 years were stopped according to the EASL guideline stopping rule. Standard laboratory tests, such as HBV DNA viral load, HBsAg, alanine aminotransferase, and adverse events, were monitored for more than four years during therapy and afterwards. Results: HBsAg loss was not observed in any of the patients during the four-year follow-up period. After the first 12 weeks, HBV-DNA was detected in all patients whose nucleos(t)ide analogue treatment was discontinued. The percentage of patients with HBV DNA >2000 IU/mL was 70% at 6 months, 74% at 12 months, 78% at 24 months, and 79.7% at 36 months, HBV DNA >2000 IU/mL was not detected in remaining patients over a four-year period. In the first year, 26% (n=18) of patients were started treatment for relapse, 46% (n=32) in the second year, 49% (n=34) in the third year, and 55% (n=38) in the fourth year. 45% (n=31) of the patients were still being followed without treatment at the end of the fourth year. Conclusion: Although the follow-up of hepatitis B e antigen-negative CHB patients on NA therapy was longer than in the literature, our recurrence rates were similar to other studies, and no patient lost HBsAg. The most significant benefit was that we were able to follow half of the patients without therapy for more than four years, eliminating the need for the patients to use drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Design: Various lasers, mainly nanosecond Q-switched (QS), and picosecond lasers, have been successfully used to treat solar lentigines. However, picosecond lasers are expensive, and QS lasers have a higher risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) in darker skin types. The aim of our study is to examine retrospectively the efficacy and safety of long-pulsed alexandrite laser in the treatment of solar lentigines, compare our findings to previous studies with nano and pico-second lasers, and evaluate long-term outcomes regarding recurrence. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 39 patients with a clinical diagnosis of solar lentigo treated by long pulsed alexandrite laser. Patients' photographs and clinical charts were reviewed in terms of demographic features, areas of treatment, number of sessions, laser settings, recurrence of lesions, Fitzpatrick's skin type, and any side effects observed. Results: The rate of improvement was excellent in 33 (84.6%), moderate in 4 (10.3%), and mild in 2 (5.1%) patients. Seven (17.9%) patients with Fitzpatrick's skin type III and IV developed PIH. Lesion recurrence was observed in 5 patients (12.8%). Mean time to recurrence was 57.98±4.45 months. Conclusion: Our study suggests that long pulsed alexandrite laser is an effective and safe option in the treatment of solar lentigines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a skin disease caused by protozoan parasites belonging to the Leishmania genus. The most commonly preferred treatment option for CL treatment is pentavalent antimony compounds. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment responses of patients diagnosed with CL treated with systemic antimony. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 52 patients diagnosed with CL and treated with systemic antimony in our skin and venereal diseases clinic between May 2018 and May 2020. The clinical and demographic characteristics recorded in the patients' files were examined. Systemic antimony (intramuscular meglumine antimonate (IM MA)) was administered Results: 30 (57.7%) of the patients in our study w ere female a nd 22 (42.3%) were male. The average age of the patients was 26.5±14.23 years. Lesions were most frequently located in the facial region, and noduloulcerative type lesions were most frequently seen. The diagnosis of CL was made by observing amastigotes in the cutaneous smear in 48 (92.3%) patients and in the histopathological examination of the lesioned skin in 4 (7.7%) patients. When the patients receiving IM MA treatment were evaluated at the 12th week in terms of treatment response, complete clinical recovery of the lesions was observed in 50 (96.1%) patients and partial clinical improvement was observed in 2 (3.9%) patients. Conclusions: As a result, the data in our study were similar to the clinical and demographic data on CL previously published in our country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of our study is to compare laparoscopic and abdominal myomectomies performed in our clinic and to evaluate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic myomectomies. Materials and Methods: In this study, we retrospectively evaluated 314 cases who were threated with myomectomy operation in our clinic between 2012-2022. All of the cases were divided into two groups with respect to the surgical procedure performed. 314 patients were in the abdominal myomectomy group, 47 patients were in the laparoscopic myomectomy group and the groups were compared. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of demographic data (p>0.05). When the groups were evaluated in terms of postoperative white blood cell(WBC), hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet values, operation time, hospitalisation time, postoperative blood transfusion and perioperative complications, no statistically significant difference was observed (p>0.05). There were no statistically significant difference in terms of preoperative WBC and CRP values between the groups, but postoperative WBC and CRP values were lower in the laparoscopic myomectomy group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Laparoscopic myomectomy has a short recovery time and aesthetic advantage. However, equipment and the need of experienced surgeons limit its applicability. With the development of laparoscopic technologies and increasing the experience of surgeons with laparoscopic surgery, it will provide a serious advantage over the abdominal method in terms of less blood loss, less hospital stay, shorter operation times, less trauma and better cosmetic results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bosphorus Medical Journal / Boğaziçi Tıp Dergisi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: It was aimed to evaluate the oncological outcomes in patients with primary Ta, high grade pathology, to determine possible risk factors for recurrence, and to show the effect of secondary TUR (re-TUR) on oncological outcomes. Materials and Methods: Data of patients who underwent TUR-BT in our clinic between January 2000 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with pTa, high grade or G3 urothelial carcinoma were included. The demographic and histopathological data, development of relapse and progression and their duration time were scanned. The patients were divided into two groups, those with and without recurrence, and those with re-TUR or not. Comparison of categorical variables was done with Pearson chi-square test and Fisher's Exact test. In quantitative data, Student's t-test was used for normally distributed variables and Mann-Whitney U test was used for others. Type I error probability was accepted as α = 0.05 for all tests. Kaplan-Meier survival curves with 95% CI were used to determine the effect of re-TUR on bladder tumor recurrence. Results: Total of 63 patients were male (87.5%) among 72 patients. 21 patients had recurrence and 4 patients had progression at 25 months of followup. Recurrence occurred in 14 patients (66.7%) within the first year. The majority of recurrent pathologies were pTa (82%) bladder tumors. Radical cystectomy and urinary diversion were applied to one of 2 patients with muscle invasion, and multimodal therapy was applied to the other. Occupational chemical exposure was statistically significantly higher in the recurrent group (p = 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in terms of recurrence-free survival between with and without re-TUR (p=0.432). Conclusions: This study demonstrated the negative effect of occupational chemical exposure on recurrence in highgrade pTa bladder cancers. Even 5 years after the first diagnosis, recurrence and progression can be observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bosphorus Medical Journal / Boğaziçi Tıp Dergisi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ahi Evran Medical Journal is the property of Ahi Evran University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Karya Journal of Health Science is the property of Karya Journal of Health Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

There is a link between aging and gastric diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ghrelin on gastric morphology in ovariectomized rats. Materials and Methods: Under ketamine-chlorpromazine anesthesia (100 mg/kg, 0.75 mg/kg), Sprague-Dawley rats (n=12) underwent bilateral ovariectomy, while control group (G1) had shamsurgery (n=6). Four weeks after surgery, half of ovariectomized rats (G3) were treated intraperitoneally with ghrelin (1 mg/kg/week) for 4 weeks, while others (G2) were not treated. Rats were euthanized by cardiac puncture at the end of 8th weeks, and serum levels of estradiol were measured. Gastric tissue was analyzed with light and scanning electron microscopy. Results: Increased body weights in ovariectomized (G2 and G3) rats (p<0.001) recorded at the end of 2 months was not changed with ghrelin. In ovariectomized groups (G2 and G3) serum estradiol levels were reduced (p<0.05) verifying altered gonadal hormone status. Apical mucus cells and gastric pits were observed in regular morphology in sham group while vascular dilatation and degeneration was observed i n o variectomized r ats ( G2 a nd G 3), w hereas i n t he g hrelin g roup ( G3) i t w as g enerally observed similar to sham group (G1). Conclusion: In conclusion, mild dyslipidemia and hepatic degeneration in early post-menopausal period appear to be attenuated by ghrelin treatment, and it is required further investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Our research was conducted to examine the retrospective data of patients who underwent Endoscopic Tympanoplasty in our clinic. Materials and Methods: This study is a retrospective study of the data of 60 patients who underwent endoscopic tympanoplasty and followed up in Harran University Faculty of Medicine Otorhinolaryngology clinic from January 2018 to June 2019. Patients who were followed for at least 3 months after surgery were included in the study. Patients who were operated with a non-endoscopic method and whose data were not available were excluded from the study. Pre-op and post-op audiometric values of patients were compared. The success of the graft was checked in the patients' controls. Results: Of the 60 patients we underwent endoscopic tympanoplasty, 25 were male and 35 were female. While preoperative air bone gap mean was 21.5±9.40 dB, the mean air bone gap was 13.1±7.68 dB in the audiometry performed during postoperative follow-up. The graft success rate was 80% (48 patients). In 20% of the patients (12 patients) there was a graft patency. 12 (20%) of the patients were marginal perforated, 6 (10%) were total perforated, 42 (70%) were central perforated. Bone cement reconstruction was required in 10 (6%) patients and ossicular prosthesis was applied in 3 (5%) patients. Conclusion: As a result, when compared with microscope, endoscopic tympanoplasty has similar success results and it was found to be less invasive and more comfortable for the patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Central or mixed apneas may accompany obstructive apneas in patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea syndrome (OSAS). There is scant evidence about the potential impact of mixed apneas on the therapy modalities. Here, apneas/hypopnoeas' central and/or mixed effects on the positive airway pressure (PAP) modes chosen to be effective in patients with OSAS were evaluated. Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent a whole night polysomnography within last 2 years in our Sleep and Disorders Unit were consecutively examined. The patients included were those diagnosed with OSAS associated with central and/or mixed apneas. To determine the effective PAP modes, a second night polysomnography for titration was performed in these patients. Results: A total of 70 patients were included in the study, wherein 55 (78.6%) were males, with a mean age of 55.4±11.7 years. Continuous mode PAP (CPAP) therapy was effective in 60 patients (85.7%, group 1), whereas other modes (as BPAP-ST/ASV) were needed in 10 patients (14.3%, group 2). No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of gender, age or comorbid diseases (p=0.314, p=0.193 and p=0.081, respectively). Although BPAP-ST/ASV mode was needed in the presence of central apneas (p=0.039), CPAP mode was effective in OSAS patients with mixed apneas (p=0.055). Conclusion: The results showed that gender, age or comorbid conditions did not play a significant role in the determination of effective PAP mode. Mixed type abnormal respiratory events differed from central apneas/hypopnoeas as they did not require the use of BPAP-ST/ASV mode, and CPAP mode was effective enough in OSAS patients that manifested mixed type abnormal respiratory events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Stroke account for 15% of all deaths in Turkey. In acute ischemic stroke (AIS), neuronal damage continues every minute until the occluded vessel is not opened. Currently, the most important treatment of AIS is the rapid and effective opening of the occluded vessel. In this study, we aimed to share our experience of endovascular treatment of AIS patients in our center. Materials and Methods: Between January 2015 - November 2018, the first 100 consecutive patients who presented with the diagnosis of AIS and received endovascular treatment were included in this study. We recorded the clinical and demographic characteristics and endovascular procedure characteristics of all patients. Results: Of the 100 patients included in the study, 49 were female and 51 were male, and the median age was 65 (55-74). Hypertension was present in 74%, hyperlipidemia in 25%, diabetes mellitus in 38%, atrial fibrillation in 26%, coronary artery disease in 36%, and smoking in 39% patients. The Median NIHSS score was 15.5 (13-19) prior to treatment. At the 3-month follow-up, 31 patients died and the mortality rate was calculated as 31%. At the end of the 3-month, good outcome was observed in 40% of patients (modified Rankin scale score 0-2). Our effective recanalization rate (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction [TICI2b-3]) was found to be 75%. Conclusions: AIS patients with suspected large artery occlusion should be transferred to centers where endovascular treatment is available, as soon as possible. Better results can be achieved as experience of endovascular treatment in centers increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In our study, we aimed to compare the efficiency and reliability of using semirigid ureteroscopy (S-URS) and flexible ureteroscopy (F-URS) in the treatment of patients with stones smaller than 2 cm in isolated renal pelvis. Materials and Methods: The data of 45 patients who underwent ureteroscopic stone treatment for isolated renal pelvis stones smaller than 2 cm were evaluated retrospectively. S-URS was routinely applied to all patients. If the stones can be accessed in the renal pelvis with S-URS, direct treatment with holmium laser was applied. If the stone was not accessible, F-URS was made. Groups were compared in terms of stone-free rates, operation times, hemoglobin reduction, and complications. Results: S-URS was performed in 24 (53.3%) patients and F-URS in 21 (46.7%) patients. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, degree of hydronephrosis, mean stone size and stone side. Mean operation time was 64.62 ± 9.34 minutes in the S-URS group and 96.43 ± 14.26 minutes in the F-URS group (p=0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of postoperative complications (p = 0.548). In the postoperative 1st day and 1st month follow-up, stone-free rates were 79.2% and 83.3% in the S-URS group, and 80.9% and 85.7% in the F-URS group, respectively (p = 0.768 and p = 0.574). Conclusions: We observed that the use of S-URS and F-URS were very successful and safe methods in kidney stones smaller than 2 cm. S-URS is a safe treatment method that can be applied if the stone in the renal pelvis can be reached without any problem, especially in selected cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Our a im i s t o e valuate t he t reatment r esults o f c hildren w ho u nderwent E SWL f or urolithiasis Materials and Methods: Records of children who underwent ESWL between October 2018 and October 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups according to success and compared in terms of age, gender, stone size, stone location, complications, and additional interventions. Results: Of the 50 cases, 34(68%) were boys and 16(32%) were girls. The mean age was 8.8 ± 5.0 years. 36 of the stones were located in the kidney and 14 were in the proximal ureter. The average stone size was 9.4±1.8 mm in the successful ESWL group and 13.8±3.2 mm in the unsuccessful group (p <0.05). While the success was 90% for stones less than 10 mm, it was found to be 56.7% for stones over 10 mm (p <0.05). T otal success w as 70%. T here w as no significant correlation between age, gender, side and localization of stones and ESWL success (p> 0.05). Conclusion: ESWL is an effective and safe treatment method for children with urolithiasis. Stone size is an important factor affecting success. Especially for stones ≥10 mm, there is a need for studies that will provide the maximum benefit per session and reveal the predictions that can prevent an unsuccessful application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the results of contraction- and relaxation-based biofeedback (BF) in children with lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD). Materials and Methods: Between 2007 and 2017, we randomly directed children with the diagnosis of LUTD and refractory to standard urotherapy modifications via BF by using two different animations: animation A with relaxation nature BF (RBF) and animation B with contraction nature BF (CBF). The categories of non-response, partial response, and full response were defined as a 0-49% decrease, 50-99% decrease, and 100% decrease in the LUTD Symptom score, respectively. Results of biofeedback using RBF or CBF were compared. Results: There were 100 and 70 children in the RBF and CBF groups, respectively. Patients with an abnormal voiding pattern (abnormalVP) and a positive electromyography (EMG) activity (positive EMG) had a better resolution with RBF (p=0.001), whereas patients with abnormalVP and a negative EMG activity (negative EMG) had a better resolution with CBF (p=0.039). Despite being statistically insignificant, patients with a normal voiding pattern (normalVP) and positive EMG had a better resolution with CBF (p=0.452), whereas patients with normalVP and negative EMG had a better resolution with RBF (p=0.083). Conclusion: The EMG activity identifies the BF nature in children with LUTD and abnormalVP. Importantly, positive EMG had better results with RBF, whereas negative EMG had better results with CBF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: One of the most common causes of trauma related deaths is hemorrhage due to splenic injury. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of hemostatic activities of Ankaferd blood stopper (ABS®), Oxidized Cellulose (Surgicel®) and FloSeal® in rats with experimental splenic injuries. Materials and Methods: In this study we used twenty-four female Wistar Albino rats. Grade 2 spleen laceration was performed on all rats. Rats were randomly divided into four groups each consist of 6 rats, as control, ABS, Surgicel and FloSeal. After performing grade 2 spleen laceration, sponge compression was applied to the control group and hemostatic agents were applied to the other groups. The amount and duration of bleeding and preoperative-postoperative hematocrit (Hct) levels were statistically compared between the groups. Results: The amount and duration of bleeding was at least in the group using FloSeal, followed by ABS, Surgicel and control group, respectively. The amount of bleeding was; 0.27±0.04gr, 0.38±0.08gr, 0.63±0.09gr and 1.0±0.2gr respectively. The duration of bleeding was; 65.66±10.63s, 70.16±8.13s, 214.00±17.98s and 381.83±59.09s respectively. The amount and duration of bleeding was less in all groups using hemostatic agent compared to the control group (p<0.001). In the groups using FloSeal and ABS, the amount and duration of bleeding were significantly lower than Surgicel group (the amount of bleeding was p<0.001 and p=0.011, bleeding time p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). Although the amount and duration of bleeding was found at least in the FloSeal group, but this difference was not statistically significant when compared with ABS group (bleeding amount p=0.476, duration p=0.842). Conclusion: In our study, hemostatic agents that can be used in hemorrhage due to splenic laceration were found much more effective in stopping bleeding than the control group. In particularly, it was observed that FloSeal and ABS provide hemostasis and reduce the amount of bleeding more effectively than oxidized cellulose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Clinical studies in childhood multiple sclerosis (MS) are very limited compared with adults. Although first-line injection therapies are well tolerated in this patient group, there are difficulties in the long-term treatment of patients due to the difficulty and adverse effects of injections for children. Oral therapies are better tolerated for use and adverse effects compared with injection therapies. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical features and treatment outcomes of patients aged under 18 years with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) who received fingolimod treatment. Materials and Methods: In this study, the clinical records of 22 patients with RRMS who received fingolimod treatment were examined. The patients were prospectively followed up between February 2015 and December 2018. The patients were evaluated in terms of relapse rate, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores, brain and cervical magnetic resonance imaging, and adverse effects before and after fingolimod treatment. Results: The median age of 13 (59%) female and 9 (41%) male patients was 18 (range: 10-21) years. The median fingolimod treatment duration was 2.5 (range: 1.3-3.9) years. The median age of disease onset was 13 (range: 8-17) years. Fifteen patients (68%) received a first-line treatment prior to fingolimod. The reason for switching to fingolimod was inefficacy in 33%, adverse effects in 40%, and both in %27 of patients. In 32% of patients, fingolimod was started as a first-line treatment. A total of three patients had recurrent relapses under treatment with fingolimod. The median annualized relapse rate (ARR) before fingolimod was 1.9 (range: 0.3-8.0), and the ARR with fingolimod was 0 (range: 0-2.0) (Wilcoxon's signed-rank test; p<0.001). The median EDSS was 1.5 (range: 1.0-4.0) before fingolimod, and the EDSS after treatment was 1.5 (range: 1.0 to 5.0) (Wilcoxon's signed rank test; p=0.3). None of the patients had any adverse effects during the first dose monitoring. Conclusion: Our study shows that fingolimod is an effective and safe treatment alternative in childhood MS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological results of surgically treated pediatric medial humeral epicondyle fractures which were fixed with screw or K wire. Materials and Methods: The study was designed retrospectively. Twenty two patients were evaluated clinically and radiologically. Functional outcomes were assessed with the Mayo elbow performance index (MEPI) and the Turkish language version of the shortened version of the Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (Quick DASH) scale. Results: All fractures were healed. The mean MEPI was 99.3 points (range, 85-100), with 21 patients as excellent and 1 good results. The mean MEPI was 100 points for patient who was fixed with K wires (group A). Excellent results were obtained for all patients. The mean MEPI was 97.9 points (range, 85-100) for patients with screw fixation (group B). Excellent results were obtained for all patients, except one. The mean Quick DASH score was 0.63 (range, 0-9). It was found 0.33 (range 0-5) and 1.3 (range, 0-9) for group A and group B, respectively. Two (13%) minor complications were developed in group A and 4 (57.3%) in group B. The difference for Quick DASH and MEPI scores were statistically insignificant (p>0.05). Conclusion: Both of fixations with K wire or screw provide enough stability until the fracture healed. Fracture union could be obtained for both fixation type and the clinical and radiological results were similar. The need for secondary operation for implant removal and higher complication rates seems the negative side of screw fixation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In this study we aimed to compare the final follow-up pelvic radiographic views and computed tomographic views of combined proximal femoral valgus osteotomy and tectoplasty in the treatment of Herring group C Perthes disease with hinge abduction. Methods:This study was carried out in 11 male patients who underwent combined proximal femoral valgus osteotomy and tectoplasty related to Herring group C Perthes disease. The mean follow-up was 5.5 (2.2-9.3) years. The final follow-up pelvic radiographic views and computed tomographic views were compared in terms of femoral head subluxation ratio, femoral head coverage ratio, femoral head size ratio, Sharp angle, center-edge angle, neck-shaft angle, caput index and acetabular depth index. Results: In the comparison of datas obtained from pelvic radiographic views and computed tomographic views, only the caput index values showed significance with a p=0.031. The three diamentional tomographic comparison of the operated hip and non-operated hip in terms of femoral head coverage showed no significance with a p=0.494. Conclusions: The combination of proximal femoral valgus osteotomy and tectoplasty in the treatment of Herring group C Perthes disease provided consistent results with normal anatomy in terms of femoral head coverage. Computed tomography is a useful method in the measurement of caput index which is an important parameter in the assesment of surgical results in Perthes disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Although it is widely accepted that inpatient psychiatric treatment of children and adolescents is effective, it is also essential to evaluate its effectiveness by assessing the treatment compliance following discharge and the persistence of treatment effects in the long run. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of inpatient treatment provided in one of the rare units in our country via evaluation of the achievement of treatment goals, changes in risk assessment scores, treatment compliance following discharge, and psychological functioning as reflected in the current relationships with the family, peers and school. Methods: This study was conducted in patients who had received at least 2 weeks of inpatient treatment in Dokuz Eylul University Hospital, the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Inpatient Unit between February 2008 and January 2009. Achievement of treatment goals, changes in risk assessment scores, treatment compliance following discharge, and the level of general functioning w ere assessed 1 year after the discharge. Socio-demographic variables, psychiatric diagnosis, and duration of hospital stay were recorded for each patient. Treatment goals questionnaire, risk assessment procedure, assessment of treatment compliance following discharge, relations with peers, family and school, and general functioning were assessed with the The Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS). Results: Forty-six patients with a mean (Standard Deviation, SD) age of 16.2 (1.6) years were included in the study. It was observed that 84.7% of patients had good compliance with the outpatient treatment plans. The mean (SD) CGAS scores calculated at admission, discharge and 1 year following the inpatient treatment were 40.6 (8.8), 60.7 (9.0) and 65.1 (1.7), respectively. The change in CGAS scores was found to be statistically significant (p=0.000). Additionally, the risk assessment scores were significantly lower 1 year following the discharge (p=0.000). Conclusion: Data obtained from the study display that the inpatient treatment of children and adolescents showed marked improvements in their psychiatric morbidities, peer, family and school functioning and outpatient treatment compliance. These findings could indicate the necessity of establishing and improving child and adolescent inpatient units in our country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]