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Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a skin disease caused by protozoan parasites belonging to the Leishmania genus. The most commonly preferred treatment option for CL treatment is pentavalent antimony compounds. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment responses of patients diagnosed with CL treated with systemic antimony. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 52 patients diagnosed with CL and treated with systemic antimony in our skin and venereal diseases clinic between May 2018 and May 2020. The clinical and demographic characteristics recorded in the patients' files were examined. Systemic antimony (intramuscular meglumine antimonate (IM MA)) was administered Results: 30 (57.7%) of the patients in our study w ere female a nd 22 (42.3%) were male. The average age of the patients was 26.5±14.23 years. Lesions were most frequently located in the facial region, and noduloulcerative type lesions were most frequently seen. The diagnosis of CL was made by observing amastigotes in the cutaneous smear in 48 (92.3%) patients and in the histopathological examination of the lesioned skin in 4 (7.7%) patients. When the patients receiving IM MA treatment were evaluated at the 12th week in terms of treatment response, complete clinical recovery of the lesions was observed in 50 (96.1%) patients and partial clinical improvement was observed in 2 (3.9%) patients. Conclusions: As a result, the data in our study were similar to the clinical and demographic data on CL previously published in our country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Design: Various lasers, mainly nanosecond Q-switched (QS), and picosecond lasers, have been successfully used to treat solar lentigines. However, picosecond lasers are expensive, and QS lasers have a higher risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) in darker skin types. The aim of our study is to examine retrospectively the efficacy and safety of long-pulsed alexandrite laser in the treatment of solar lentigines, compare our findings to previous studies with nano and pico-second lasers, and evaluate long-term outcomes regarding recurrence. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 39 patients with a clinical diagnosis of solar lentigo treated by long pulsed alexandrite laser. Patients' photographs and clinical charts were reviewed in terms of demographic features, areas of treatment, number of sessions, laser settings, recurrence of lesions, Fitzpatrick's skin type, and any side effects observed. Results: The rate of improvement was excellent in 33 (84.6%), moderate in 4 (10.3%), and mild in 2 (5.1%) patients. Seven (17.9%) patients with Fitzpatrick's skin type III and IV developed PIH. Lesion recurrence was observed in 5 patients (12.8%). Mean time to recurrence was 57.98±4.45 months. Conclusion: Our study suggests that long pulsed alexandrite laser is an effective and safe option in the treatment of solar lentigines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of our study is to compare laparoscopic and abdominal myomectomies performed in our clinic and to evaluate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic myomectomies. Materials and Methods: In this study, we retrospectively evaluated 314 cases who were threated with myomectomy operation in our clinic between 2012-2022. All of the cases were divided into two groups with respect to the surgical procedure performed. 314 patients were in the abdominal myomectomy group, 47 patients were in the laparoscopic myomectomy group and the groups were compared. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of demographic data (p>0.05). When the groups were evaluated in terms of postoperative white blood cell(WBC), hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet values, operation time, hospitalisation time, postoperative blood transfusion and perioperative complications, no statistically significant difference was observed (p>0.05). There were no statistically significant difference in terms of preoperative WBC and CRP values between the groups, but postoperative WBC and CRP values were lower in the laparoscopic myomectomy group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Laparoscopic myomectomy has a short recovery time and aesthetic advantage. However, equipment and the need of experienced surgeons limit its applicability. With the development of laparoscopic technologies and increasing the experience of surgeons with laparoscopic surgery, it will provide a serious advantage over the abdominal method in terms of less blood loss, less hospital stay, shorter operation times, less trauma and better cosmetic results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: It was aimed to evaluate the oncological outcomes in patients with primary Ta, high grade pathology, to determine possible risk factors for recurrence, and to show the effect of secondary TUR (re-TUR) on oncological outcomes. Materials and Methods: Data of patients who underwent TUR-BT in our clinic between January 2000 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with pTa, high grade or G3 urothelial carcinoma were included. The demographic and histopathological data, development of relapse and progression and their duration time were scanned. The patients were divided into two groups, those with and without recurrence, and those with re-TUR or not. Comparison of categorical variables was done with Pearson chi-square test and Fisher's Exact test. In quantitative data, Student's t-test was used for normally distributed variables and Mann-Whitney U test was used for others. Type I error probability was accepted as α = 0.05 for all tests. Kaplan-Meier survival curves with 95% CI were used to determine the effect of re-TUR on bladder tumor recurrence. Results: Total of 63 patients were male (87.5%) among 72 patients. 21 patients had recurrence and 4 patients had progression at 25 months of followup. Recurrence occurred in 14 patients (66.7%) within the first year. The majority of recurrent pathologies were pTa (82%) bladder tumors. Radical cystectomy and urinary diversion were applied to one of 2 patients with muscle invasion, and multimodal therapy was applied to the other. Occupational chemical exposure was statistically significantly higher in the recurrent group (p = 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in terms of recurrence-free survival between with and without re-TUR (p=0.432). Conclusions: This study demonstrated the negative effect of occupational chemical exposure on recurrence in highgrade pTa bladder cancers. Even 5 years after the first diagnosis, recurrence and progression can be observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Our research was conducted to examine the retrospective data of patients who underwent Endoscopic Tympanoplasty in our clinic. Materials and Methods: This study is a retrospective study of the data of 60 patients who underwent endoscopic tympanoplasty and followed up in Harran University Faculty of Medicine Otorhinolaryngology clinic from January 2018 to June 2019. Patients who were followed for at least 3 months after surgery were included in the study. Patients who were operated with a non-endoscopic method and whose data were not available were excluded from the study. Pre-op and post-op audiometric values of patients were compared. The success of the graft was checked in the patients' controls. Results: Of the 60 patients we underwent endoscopic tympanoplasty, 25 were male and 35 were female. While preoperative air bone gap mean was 21.5±9.40 dB, the mean air bone gap was 13.1±7.68 dB in the audiometry performed during postoperative follow-up. The graft success rate was 80% (48 patients). In 20% of the patients (12 patients) there was a graft patency. 12 (20%) of the patients were marginal perforated, 6 (10%) were total perforated, 42 (70%) were central perforated. Bone cement reconstruction was required in 10 (6%) patients and ossicular prosthesis was applied in 3 (5%) patients. Conclusion: As a result, when compared with microscope, endoscopic tympanoplasty has similar success results and it was found to be less invasive and more comfortable for the patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In our study, we aimed to compare the efficiency and reliability of using semirigid ureteroscopy (S-URS) and flexible ureteroscopy (F-URS) in the treatment of patients with stones smaller than 2 cm in isolated renal pelvis. Materials and Methods: The data of 45 patients who underwent ureteroscopic stone treatment for isolated renal pelvis stones smaller than 2 cm were evaluated retrospectively. S-URS was routinely applied to all patients. If the stones can be accessed in the renal pelvis with S-URS, direct treatment with holmium laser was applied. If the stone was not accessible, F-URS was made. Groups were compared in terms of stone-free rates, operation times, hemoglobin reduction, and complications. Results: S-URS was performed in 24 (53.3%) patients and F-URS in 21 (46.7%) patients. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, degree of hydronephrosis, mean stone size and stone side. Mean operation time was 64.62 ± 9.34 minutes in the S-URS group and 96.43 ± 14.26 minutes in the F-URS group (p=0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of postoperative complications (p = 0.548). In the postoperative 1st day and 1st month follow-up, stone-free rates were 79.2% and 83.3% in the S-URS group, and 80.9% and 85.7% in the F-URS group, respectively (p = 0.768 and p = 0.574). Conclusions: We observed that the use of S-URS and F-URS were very successful and safe methods in kidney stones smaller than 2 cm. S-URS is a safe treatment method that can be applied if the stone in the renal pelvis can be reached without any problem, especially in selected cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Our a im i s t o e valuate t he t reatment r esults o f c hildren w ho u nderwent E SWL f or urolithiasis Materials and Methods: Records of children who underwent ESWL between October 2018 and October 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups according to success and compared in terms of age, gender, stone size, stone location, complications, and additional interventions. Results: Of the 50 cases, 34(68%) were boys and 16(32%) were girls. The mean age was 8.8 ± 5.0 years. 36 of the stones were located in the kidney and 14 were in the proximal ureter. The average stone size was 9.4±1.8 mm in the successful ESWL group and 13.8±3.2 mm in the unsuccessful group (p <0.05). While the success was 90% for stones less than 10 mm, it was found to be 56.7% for stones over 10 mm (p <0.05). T otal success w as 70%. T here w as no significant correlation between age, gender, side and localization of stones and ESWL success (p> 0.05). Conclusion: ESWL is an effective and safe treatment method for children with urolithiasis. Stone size is an important factor affecting success. Especially for stones ≥10 mm, there is a need for studies that will provide the maximum benefit per session and reveal the predictions that can prevent an unsuccessful application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological results of surgically treated pediatric medial humeral epicondyle fractures which were fixed with screw or K wire. Materials and Methods: The study was designed retrospectively. Twenty two patients were evaluated clinically and radiologically. Functional outcomes were assessed with the Mayo elbow performance index (MEPI) and the Turkish language version of the shortened version of the Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (Quick DASH) scale. Results: All fractures were healed. The mean MEPI was 99.3 points (range, 85-100), with 21 patients as excellent and 1 good results. The mean MEPI was 100 points for patient who was fixed with K wires (group A). Excellent results were obtained for all patients. The mean MEPI was 97.9 points (range, 85-100) for patients with screw fixation (group B). Excellent results were obtained for all patients, except one. The mean Quick DASH score was 0.63 (range, 0-9). It was found 0.33 (range 0-5) and 1.3 (range, 0-9) for group A and group B, respectively. Two (13%) minor complications were developed in group A and 4 (57.3%) in group B. The difference for Quick DASH and MEPI scores were statistically insignificant (p>0.05). Conclusion: Both of fixations with K wire or screw provide enough stability until the fracture healed. Fracture union could be obtained for both fixation type and the clinical and radiological results were similar. The need for secondary operation for implant removal and higher complication rates seems the negative side of screw fixation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]