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Our country is under economic and military risks due to its geopolitical position. Due to our history, it is understood that we are in a position to give importance to defence industry. When the concept of developments in defence industry is examined, it is seen that development could be provided by meeting the needs from internal or external sources. In defining the developments in the defence industry, variables such as patents and employment rate are taken as basis in the literature. One of the measurement values defining these variables is defence expenditures, and the effects of the expenditures on economic growth may be different depending on whether the defence needs are met by internal or external sources. In this study, the effects of the expenditures made for the development of the defence industry on the export-import balance, which is an important macroeconomic variable, have been investigated. In the researches carried out at different periods, it was observed that the expenditures made for the defence industry had a positive effect on the export-import balance in both short and long term as the technological level in the defence industry increased. Therefore, as the defence industry is localized, the share of imports in foreign trade volume is decreasing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a well-known fact that there is a significant relationship between technology and economic development. Technology can be defined as the knowledge which is necessary for production. The countries producing and using technology are those which have developed economies. On the contrary to this the countries which do not produce technology are supposed to be underdeveloped from the point of economics. On the other hand, the economic development is the rise in the capacity of good and service production. The indication of this is the bigness of GDP and GNP. Robert Solow, one of the distinguished economists, added technology to the development theory. The most important indicators of technology are the studies of research and development (RD), patent application, export and variety of products. It seems to be difficult for the Turkish economy with its growth rates at present to catch the economies of the developed countries in the years ahead. However, it is possible to close down this difference with some measures such as increasing the share of RD which is appropriated from national income to 2 % and establishing science-cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]