1. Makrofungusların besin değeri ve biyolojik etkileri.
- Author
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Üstün, Osman
- Subjects
- *
MACROFUNGI , *DIETARY supplements , *AMINO acids , *FATTY acids , *CHLOROPHYLL , *PROTEINS , *LIPIDS - Abstract
Macrofungi lacking chlorophyll, belong to the Basidiomycetes and Ascomycetes classes. Naturally grown and cultured macrofungi are consumed as a food source also in our country. Wild macrofungi are a major source of living for forest loggers and it is exported to other countries. Macrofungi contain water (up to 95%), proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. c. Agaricus species have the highest protein and lipid content of all examined fungi species. However, Boletus edulis have the highest carbonhydrate content. Overall, it has been demonstrated that macrofungi contain more than 40% carbonhydrate, between 20% and 40% protein, but less than 8% lipid. Glutamine, asparagine and methionine are the most abundant aminoacids in macrofungi. The unsaturated fatty acid ratio is higher than the saturated fatty acid ratio in macrofungi. Linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids are the unsaturated fatty acids present in the highest concentrations. Macrofungi are also rich in essential vitamins for human metabolisms, including thiamine, riboflavin and niacin Macrofungi contain antioxidants such as flavonoid, ascorbic acid, β-carotene and lycopene. Other active substances obtained from macrofungi include β-glucans, ergon and ganoderic acid. In addition to those nutritional benefits, it has been shown that macrofungi have also some biological activities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer and immunostimulation. Given the fact that macrofungi have a wide spectrum of biological effects, increasing efforts on culturing wild grown macrofungi and studies on the isolation and standardization of the active ingredients are needed in order to create alternatives to other food products and drugs used today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
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