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Causal attributions are defined as the way people describe and evaluate their or others' behaviors. In the literature, it was found to directly and indirectly affect academic achievement as they influence parents' expectations about their children's future success, their parenting styles, and, therefore, the social and physical environment that they provide for their children. This study adapts the Parents' Attributions and Perceptions Questionnaire (PAPQ) to Turkish and collects evidence about the questionnaire's validity and reliability. The questionnaire comprises eight factors and 24 items designed to evaluate parents' causal attributions based on ability, effort, luck, and strategy for success and failure. The participants were 340 parents (235 mothers and 105 fathers), aged between 25 and 35 years (128); and high school graduates (182) with a monthly income between 2,001 and 4,000 TL (98). The mean scores calculated for the questionnaire items ranged between 1.45 and 4.42. Adjusted item total correlations were calculated; it was found that the discriminating power of the items varied between 0.43 and 0.90. As a result of the CFA, the goodness of fit values of the questionnaire was calculated as ?[superscript 2/sd = 1.92, RMSEA = 0.056, SRMR = 0.053, CFI = 0.97, and GFI = 0.89. The Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient was found to be 0.80. Based on these results, it was demonstrated that the PAPQ is a valid and reliable measuring instrument that can be used in Turkish.

The aim of the first stage of the research was to examine the opinions of prospective mathematics teachers about what features a question prepared to develop and measure ML should have to be effective and qualified. Moreover, it was aimed to determine the degree to which prospective teachers apply these qualifications in questions they design to develop and measure ML. The aim of the second stage of the research was to develop a valid and reliable checklist that can be used in the design of the question to develop and measure ML and to show this tool with an application. The research was conducted as a case study model. The study group consisted of 20 prospective mathematics teachers and five mathematics teachers who took ML courses. Interview forms were applied in order to collect data from the teachers and teacher candidates who took the ML course. Content analysis was used in the analysis of the prospective mathematics teachers' opinions about the qualifications of ML question. In the analysis of the data obtained, content, context, process, level and structure categories were formed for effective and qualified ML question. The checklist was decided to be in five categories and a total of 28 items and three options depending on them. It can be said that the checklist for the ML question design, which was developed and piloted in this study, is a valid and reliable measurement tool. Mathematics teachers and related researchers can use the developed checklist as a guide and guiding tool in designing ML questions.

The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Consultation Self Efficacy Scale; another aim was to examine school counselors' knowledge levels of consultation self-efficacy, difficulties they face in conducting consultation services, their needs and support resources, their suggestions for increasing the impact of the consultation service they offer and their perception of self-efficacy to provide consultation service. Convergent parallel pattern, one of the mixed research designs, was used. The study groups included 787 school counselors. In addition, school counselors were determined to have serious limitations in their knowledge about consultation and they found their consultation training mostly inadequate because they think that the consultation training they had received was weak. As a result of the research, experienced psychological counselors who graduated from department of psychological counseling and guidance and took courses on consultation were observed to have higher perception of consultation self-efficacy. School administration was considered as the most frequent source of support while parents as the least one. The most stated suggestion for enhancing the impact of the consultation was to increase the consultation education. As a result, it was revealed that there is a need for studies on consultation education for both counselors and students of psychological counseling and guidance.

In this study, it was aimed to adapt the Technology Proficiency Self-Assessment Scale for 21st Century Learning (TPSA C-21), developed by Christensen and Knezek, into Turkey's conditions. The study sample consisted of 606 teachers working in 58 public schools affiliated to the Ministry of National Education in Bartin province. The original scale had a six-factor structure consisting of 34 items. In the adaptation stage, the Turkish version of the scale was initially created and then retranslated back into the source language. Next, the scale items were evaluated by linguists. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were used to determine the construct validity of the scale. As a result of the EFA, some of the items having inappropriate values were excluded from the scale and finally a structure with 24 items and four factors named "E-mail", "WWW", "Integrated Applications", and "Teaching with Technology" was obtained. The results of the CFA showed that the factor structure had adequate fit indexes. For reliability, internal consistency and test-retest correlation coefficients of the whole scale and its sub-dimensions were examined and these values were found to be acceptable. After all, this scale has become a measurement tool that can be used for research which enables educators to make relevant inferences about technology proficiency in 21st century learning.

Although environmental aesthetic has received considerable attention in recent years, there is a need for measuring and evaluating environmental aesthetic. With considering this gap in the literature, the purpose of this study is to develop the "Scale for Environmental Aesthetic Awareness" for university students and to compare students' levels of environmental aesthetic awareness according to gender, interest in art and the place where family lives. The study group is comprised of 969 university students. For conducting the validity study of the scale, the study group was randomly divided into two: Exploratory Factor Analysis group and Confirmatory Factor Analysis group. After the elimination of outliers, 329 students remained in the EFA group and 255 students in the CFA group. As a result of EFA, 27 items were gathered under three sub-dimensions. As a result of the first-order and second-order CFA, it was seen that the model-data fit was achieved and the three-factor structure of the scale and its general structure were confirmed. The Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient of the first, second, third sub-dimensions were calculated respectively as 0.80, 0.71 and 0.71. The Cronbach alfa coefficient value for the whole scale was 0.82. Three-way variance analysis results showed that the effects of gender and the place where family lives were not found to be statistically significant while the effect of interest in art was found to be significant; thus, the mean of the students stating they were interested in arts was found to be higher.

The aim of this study was to adapt the Scale of Organization Improvisational Capability (SOIC) into Turkish culture and determine schools' organizational improvisation capability. The study first presented the theoretical framework of the concept of organizational improvisation, which has been understudied in Turkey so far. In the experimental stage, SOIC was adapted into Turkish culture and used for the first time in Turkey. SOIC-TR has linguistic equivalence, construct validity, and reliability. However, it has a uni-dimensional structure whereas the original version (SOIC-EN) consists of eight items, loading on two separate factors. In the second stage, a single screening model was employed to determine schools' organizational improvisation capacity and to compare it by various variables. In this stage the study sample consisted of 366 school administrators and teachers in Batman. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling. Participants had an "Agree" level perception of their schools' organizational improvisation capacity. Their views significantly differed by their position and school size but not by school grade level.

The purpose of this study is to develop a Teachers' Autonomy on Curriculum Scale. For this aim, an item pool consisted of 50-item was prepared for the study. These scale items were reduced to 29 items after expert review and pilot implementation. This preliminary form was applied to 178 science teachers working in secondary schools in Izmir, Turkey. Validity and reliability studies have been done and Cronbach's Alpha internal consistency coefficient was calculated as 0.82. The scale is four-dimensional and reveals 67.4% of the total variance. The scale has four sub-scales (Professional Autonomy, Process Autonomy, Assessment Autonomy, and Planning Autonomy). Confirmatory factor analysis results support that the scale consisted of four subscales (RMSEA= 0.05, CFI= 0.98, AGFI= 0.89, RMR= 0.05, GFI= 0.93, SRMR= 0.06).

The aim of this research is to develop a scale aiming to measure the effects of digital games on children during early childhood period according to parent perceptions. In the course of developing the scale items, related literature was reviewed in detail and relevant scales and the previous research carried out were examined. After the expert opinions were obtained, the scale was sent to the families of 1500 children by administrators and teachers who worked in the primary schools and kindergartens, which were randomly selected and were affiliated to the Provincial Directorate of National Education of Istanbul. 731 data were included in the survey. 342 girls and 389 boys aged between 55-95 months constituted the sample of the research. The data regarding the children were gathered by means of forms filled out by their parents. In order to determine the construct validity of the scale, exploratory factor analysis, which is one of the principal component analyses, was applied. As a result of the analysis, the KMO value was found as 0.90. The total variance explained is 63.40%. Factor load values were found to be ranging from 0.87 to 0.54. The internal consistency coefficient of the total scale was found to be 0.91. Internal consistency coefficients of the factors were 0.82 for entertainment, 0.90 for learning, 0.86 for physical, 0.87 for social dimension and 0.84 for emotional dimension. Analyses showed that the "Effects of Digital Games in Early Ages Scale" which is a scale of 25 items, is a valid and reliable scale.

The purpose of the current study is to develop the Adolescent Happiness Scale (AHS). A systematic approach was utilized for developing the scale. In this study, the data were collected from 1136 adolescents including 490 females and 646 males between 11-17 years of age. The psychometric properties of AHS were analyzed by means of item analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, criterion-related validity, internal consistency and test-retest methods. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses results revealed that the scale had a single-factor structure. Within the scope of the criterion-related validity studies, significant positive correlations were found between AHS and positive affects and overall happiness levels, and a significant negative correlation was found between AHS and negative affects. The internal consistency coefficient of AHS was 0.92 for the first study and 0.91 for the second study. Test-retest reliability coefficient was determined to be 0.74. In conclusion, AHS can be recommended as a reliable and valid tool in measuring the happiness level of adolescents.

The aim of this study is to develop a valid and reliable data collection tool that teachers can evaluate the ability of principals to manage generational differences in the schools. The study was conducted with 380 teachers who work in Nigde. In this context, item pool was created and presented to the experts. According to expert's opinions and pre-application, the last version of scale was created and applied to 380 teachers. Based on the KMO and Bartlett values, the data set was found suitable for Exploratory Factor Analysis. The number of factors was determined as one, based on eigenvalues and scree plot. According to the factor loadings of the items, values ranged from 0.871 to 0.722. As a result, a structure consisting of 19 items and one factor. Based on the fit indices obtained from Confirmatory Factor Analysis, the model was found perfectly compatible with the model. The structure found with EFA was confirmed by CFA. The Cronbach alpha value calculated as 0.971 which indicates that the scale is reliable. As a result, it can be said that "Managing Generational Differences in Schools Scale" which composed of 19 items and one dimension is a valid and reliable data collection tool.

The aim of this study was to adapt the scale developed by Hong et al. (2016) to the Turkish culture, to revise the scale as six dimensional by adding the dimensions of hope and frustration and to determine the views of the teachers. The research was carried out with three groups consisting of teachers working in secondary schools in different cities of Turkey. In the study, firstly linguistic equivalence was provided (r=0.849, p<0.01), then the scale was submitted to expert opinion and dimensions were added to the scale after it was revised. As a result of the EFA performed to determine the construct validity of the scale, it was determined that the factor loads ranged between 0.609 and 0.855 and the CFA result was in good agreement with the model. Cronbach's alpha coefficients ([alpha]=0.749-[alpha]=0.896) and item-total correlations (r=0.502-0.813) revealed the reliability of the scale. In addition, significant relationships between the dimensions (r=-0.166-0.581) showed that the internal consistency of the scale was ensured. The scale which was finalized as six dimensions and twenty-seven items was applied to teachers (N=732). It was found out that teachers' views were "I certainly do not agree" in the dimension of Anxiety, "I agree" in the dimension of Pride, "I certainly agree" in the dimensions of Enjoyment and Hope and "I do not agree" in the dimension of Anger and Frustration.

The purpose of this study is to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool determining teachers' self-efficacy regarding rubrics. Especially in educational environments, rubrics are measurement tools used in the assessment phase of student products usually based on higher-order thinking skills. Determination of teachers' self-efficacy regarding rubrics can give researchers an idea on how often and how accurately teachers use such tools. For this reason, the existence of a tool accurately measuring self-efficacy variable is necessary. This study's sample consists of 641 elementary, middle and high school teachers. To determine teachers' self-efficacy levels regarding rubrics, 47-item draft was developed. As a result of validity and reliability analyzes, a 28-item measurement tool with a four-factor structure was obtained. The total scale's and sub-factors' internal consistency is quite high. Using this scale, researchers can examine the relationships between teachers' self-efficacy and various variables that play an important role in education. In addition, comparative studies on the intended use of rubrics can be conducted by determining teachers' self-efficacy levels regarding rubrics. [Article contains a questionnaire.]

The purpose of this study was to develop a scale to investigate Turkish pre-service teachers' perceptions of professional ethics in teaching. This survey research consisted of two studies. In study 1, an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed in SPSS 23 in order to investigate the scale's factorial structure. Study 1 involved a convenience sample of 220 senior pre-service teachers studying at two Turkish public universities. The EFA yielded a single factor structure which accounted for 39.36% of the total variance and included 43 items. In study 2, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted in LISREL 9.30 to test and confirm the unidimensional structure of the 43-item scale obtained in study 1 on a data set of 724 participants from four public universities. Overall, the results prove that this 43-item scale is a valid and reliable tool to test pre-service teachers' perceptions of professional ethics.

The purpose of this study is to develop a valid and reliable assessment scale in order to determine protective factors that teachers have. The study was conducted with 348 primary school teachers teaching at primary schools in Aydin city Efeler district at 2017-2018 school year, fall semester. In the study, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis techniques were used for construct validity of the study. Within the context of results obtained, the measurement scale developed could be defined as a valid and reliable measurement scale to be used to determine protective factors which primary school teachers have. [This study was presented at the 15th European Conference on Social and Behavioral Sciences.]

The purpose of this study is to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool determining teachers' self-efficacy regarding rubrics. Especially in educational environments, rubrics are measurement tools used in the assessment phase of student products usually based on higher-order thinking skills. Determination of teachers' self-efficacy regarding rubrics can give researchers an idea on how often and how accurately teachers use such tools. For this reason, the existence of a tool accurately measuring self-efficacy variable is necessary. This study's sample consists of 641 elementary, middle and high school teachers. To determine teachers' self-efficacy levels regarding rubrics, 47-item draft was developed. As a result of validity and reliability analyzes, a 28-item measurement tool with a four-factor structure was obtained. The total scale's and sub-factors' internal consistency is quite high. Using this scale, researchers can examine the relationships between teachers' self-efficacy and various variables that play an important role in education. In addition, comparative studies on the intended use of rubrics can be conducted by determining teachers' self-efficacy levels regarding rubrics.

The purpose of this study was to adapt Preservice Teachers' ICT Competencies Scale which was developed by Tondeur, Aesaert, Pynoo, Braak, Fraeyman, and Erstad (2017) into Turkish. The participants were composed of 206 preservice teachers studying at Gaziosmanpasa University during 2017-2018 academic year. The results showed that the Turkish version fits the original two factor structure. The correlation coefficients between the data obtained from the Turkish version and the data obtained from General ICT Tendency, Reality Shock Expectation, and Prospective Teachers' Perceived Competencies about Integrating ICT into Education were examined to test convergent, divergent and concurrent validity. The results indicated that the data obtained from the Turkish version of the scale were valid. Moreover, the Cronbach alpha coefficients indicated that the data were internally consistent. In conclusion, the Turkish version of Preservice Teachers' ICT Competencies Scale was determined to have good psychometric properties to be used in Turkish context. [Note: The page range (665-691) shown on the PDF is incorrect. The correct page range for this article is p665-689.]

In this study, a reading culture scale was developed that can be used in determining the reading cultures of teacher candidates who study in education faculties. When looking at the literature, the attitudes about reading, habit, perception, self-efficacy and so on. It was seen that there were scales measuring the concepts but not a scale that could measure reading culture. For this reason, it was the aim of this study to develop a 5-point likert type measurement instrument for describing and measuring reading cultures and to demonstrate the validity and reliability studies of this tool. Firstly, 49 items prepared by researchers were presented to expert opinion. Expert opinions and a preliminary 51-item scale draft were applied to 379 teacher candidates in different departments of a faculty of a state university and validity and reliability studies were carried out. Statistical package program was used for analysis of data in the study. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value of your scale is 0.89 and Bartlett's Sphericity Test value [?[superscript 2] = 4221,390; Df = 435, p <0.000]. Factor analysis was performed after the appropriateness of these measures to the factor analysis was determined. As a result of the factor analysis, a 5-point likert type scale of 30 items was developed by eliminating the items with low factor values. Scope validity of the scale was determined by taking the expert opinions of 13 academicians and 5 Turkish teachers. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the relationship between the sum of the items in the scale and the factors. The Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient of the scale was found to be 0.90. It can be said that a valid and reliable scale is obtained as the result of the study in the direction of these findings. The scale called the "Reading Culture Scale" (RCS) was determined to be a valid and reliable instrument that could be used to measure reading cultures of groups of university-levels students and different professions.

Copyright of Journal of Selçuk University Social Sciences Vocational School is the property of Journal of Selcuk University Social Sciences Vocational School and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Erzincan University Journal of Education Faculty / Erzincan Üniversitesi Egitim Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Erzincan University Faculty of Education Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Religious coping refers to an individual's turning to religious beliefs, worship, and practices while overcoming situations. Recently, the number of studies on the religious coping strategies of individuals has increased in Turkey. These studies, which are generally conducted with the literature review method, utilise scales developed in foreign countries and adapted to Turkey. This study aims to develop a religious coping scale that conforms with Turkey's religious and cultural structure for people of different sexes, ages, places, educational levels, and piety. For this purpose, a pool of concepts was created by also benefitting from interviews carried out with the participation of people in the close circle first. Afterwards, a draft scale of 76 items was formed based on this pool of concepts. Six experts' opinions were taken to ensure the scale's content validity. Considering the experts' opinions, three items measuring two features at once were divided into two, seven items were excluded from the scale, and two items were added to the scale. Additionally, the scale was revised according to the opinions of two grammar experts and two measurement and evaluation experts. Finally, an eight-factor and 74-item scale, in which items are grouped under four positive religious coping dimensions and four negative religious coping dimensions, was obtained. Designed as a 5-point Likert type, the scale was conducted with a sample group of ten to test its comprehensibility and duration. After identifying that the expressions are comprehensible and the scale is completed in five minutes, the Ethics Commission application was made. Approved with the 2022/110 numbered decision of the Ethics Committee on Scientific Research in Social Sciences and Humanities of Necmettin Erbakan University taken at the 11/03/2022 dated and 03 numbered meeting, the draft scale was first conducted in April and May 2022. The scale was filled in by 373 participants appropriately; it was seen that KMO and Bartlett's Test results were significant, and exploratory factor analysis was made. The analysis resulted in the exclusion of 38 items that gave a similar load ratio to more than one factor and whose distinctiveness level was below 0.40. The scale was conducted again with another sample group of 257 participants to validate the factor structure of the 36 items grouped under six factors. It was seen that the confirmatory factor analysis results of the scale complied with the exploratory factor analysis results. As a result, a religious coping scale, which has high-level reliability for all sub-dimensions; has two dimensions as positive and negative; comprises six factors; is valid and reliable, and has a solid theoretical basis, has been designed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Erzincan University Journal of Education Faculty / Erzincan Üniversitesi Egitim Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Erzincan University Faculty of Education Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Academicians who always contribute to the literature and have an important place in the world of science by doing academic studies are always valuable. While academics contribute to science, they make sacrifices on many issues and continue to do their work, even though they face different challenges. In the study, it is aimed to determine how the difficulties encountered in the process of contributing to science directly affect individuals, and what factors the fatigue experienced while doing academic work depends on. For this purpose, no scale has been found in the literature. For this reason, this scale development study is planned to eliminate the identified deficiencies. Academicians working at different universities in Turkey and in different fields of expertise participated in the study. In the study, in which 152 academicians participated, a questionnaire is used as a technical data collection tool. Based on the data obtained from the questionnaires, validity and reliability analyzes are applied. After these analyses, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis is performed to evaluate the construct validity. As a result of the study, it is seen that the negative situations experienced by the academicians while carrying out their studies should not be ignored, and these negative situations should be eliminated. It is thought that the developed scale will guide different studies in the future and other deficiencies identified in the literature will be eliminated. In the light of the findings obtained from the study, the existence of academic study fatigue is brought to the literature and the value of academic studies is revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to examine the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Doomscrolling Scale. The study consists of 298 adults, 88 (29.5%) male and 210 (70.5%) female, reached via Google forms. The Self-Control Scale was used for criterion validity, in the present study and a moderately significant correlation was found between the two scales. Expert opinion was taken for content validity. As a result of the confirmatory factor analysis performed for the construct validity of the scale, it was determined that the 15-item single-factor structure showed good fit. The factor loadings of the items in the scale were the lowest .49 and the highest .85, and the lowest item-total correlations of the scale were .51 and the highest .77. The difference between the lower and upper 27% groups was statistically significant. For the reliability analysis, the Cronbach Alpha coefficient was .92. In the split-half method, which was performed as an additional contribution to the reliability analysis, the correlation between the equivalent halves was calculated as .82. Finally, it has been well understood that this scale is a competent measurement tool to identify the levels of doomscrolling in adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People's feelings and thoughts are the factors that determine their behavior and direct their behavior. This study, which is important in terms of understanding the employees' thoughts about working, it is aimed to develop a theoretical and statistically appropriate, valid, and reliable measurement tool to measure the employees' perspectives on working. Following a rigorous scale development procedure and applying multi-stage studies (expression pooling, taking expert opinions, pilot analysis, structure and content validity, etc.), a five-factor measurement scale was determined for The Thought of Work, consisting of 17 items with sufficient reliability and validity. It is predicted that the scale developed by this study will be a solid basic tool for determining the working thoughts of individuals consisting of identity, caring for others, professional citizenship, personal satisfaction, and service dimensions, thus providing a better understanding of the relationships between the organizational behaviors that individuals will exhibit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Erzincan University Journal of Education Faculty / Erzincan Üniversitesi Egitim Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Erzincan University Faculty of Education Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aims to develop an achievement test that has measurement reliability and validity to evaluate the achievements of 8th-grade students about seasons. When the test on seasons was examined, it was seen that there was no test development work other than the studies on misconceptions. The survey method and test development steps are used within the scope of the study. The participants of the study consisted of 347 eighthgrade students who completed the subject of seasons and studied at schools in a province in Central Anatolia and its district centers in the 2020-2021 academic year. Within the scope of the study, an achievement test including 30 multiple-choice questions on F.8.1.1 Formation of Seasons in the science curriculum published in 2018 was prepared. The validity and reliability studies of the test have been done. While preparing the indicator table for the content validity of the test, FACTOR analysis was performed to ensure the construct validity and the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value was found to be 0.743. The Kuder-Richardson 20 (KR-20) reliability coefficient of the test was calculated as 0.83. It was observed that the average difficulty (pj =0.44) and average discrimination (rj =0.50) values of the items that were decided to be in the test, although there were items that were edited or removed as a result of the analysis. As a result of the study, a valid and reliable achievement test consisting of 27 items was developed on the formation of the seasons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aims to adapt Game Addiction Inventory developed by Wong and Hodgins (2013) to Turkish culture and conduct its validity and reliability studies. The analyzes are conducted on a data set of 509 people. For validity studies of the inventory, first order and second order confirmatory factor analyzes are conducted and its correlation values with a similar inventory are examined in terms of convergent validity. The first order confirmatory factor analysis has found fit indices as χ²/sd = 3.01; RMSEA=0.063; CFI=0.97; NFI=0.95; IFI=0.97; RFI=0.95; GFI=0.86; AGFI=0.84; SRMR=0.055; and second order confirmatory factor analysis results in χ²=1466.23; sd=428; χ²/sd=3.43; RMSEA=0.069; CFI=0.96; IFI=0.96; RFI=0.94; NFI=0.95; SRMR=0.060. The correlation between data obtained from Digital Game Addiction Inventory-Short Form are examined for fit indices. The correlation values are obtained between .44 and .67 for sub-scales and as .75 for the whole inventory. Within the scope of reliability studies of the inventory, Cronbach alpha values are calculated between .65 and .86 for sub-scales and as .92 for the whole inventory. In addition, the composite reliability values of the scale were calculated and these values were between .66 and .87 for the subscales; it was found to be .94 for the overall scale. In order to determine the discriminative levels of items in the inventory and their predictive powers of total score within reliability studies, corrected item-total correlation (rjx) is calculated and compared with 27% of upper-lower groups and independent samples t test, which have determined that t values of 27% of lower (n=137) and upper (n=137) groups regarding the differences in item scores range between 6.90 and 21.25 (sd=272; p<.001), and the values regarding corrected item-total test correlation range between .20 and .70. In addition, the reliability of the inventory is examined through split-half reliability formula. Spearman-Brown prediction formula have found rtt = .88. In conclusion, data obtained from validity and reliability studies can be evaluated to point the sufficiency of the inventory to determine game addiction levels of adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Erzincan University Journal of Education Faculty / Erzincan Üniversitesi Egitim Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Erzincan University Faculty of Education Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Motorcycling has become quite popular in recent years for various reasons. However, motorcycles are accepted riskier since they do not own hardware and protection features as other vehicles have. The study aims to test the validity and reliability of the Scale of Acts of Risk-taking While Driving a Motorcycle (ARTDM). The study also intends to reveal the risk-taking behavior of motorcycle riders. The sample of the study consists of young people traveling for recreation between the ages of 18-40. The data were collected through an online survey method and 387 usable questionnaires were obtained. Explanatory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were performed to test the validity and reliability of the scale, and frequency analysis was performed to measure the risk-taking behavior of motorcyclists traveling for recreation. As a result of the analyzes, the scale of ARTDM emerged as two factors with 13 statements. Additionally, the study concluded young motorcyclists traveling for recreation avoid risky behavior while using motorcycles and pay attention to obey traffic rules. The only risky behavior that motorcyclists take is speeding while overtaking or in and out of the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the current study is to evaluate preschoolers’ Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) skills. In line with this purpose, reliability and validity examination of the C-PALLS+STEM Science, Technology, and Engineering Scale (STE) and Mathematics Scales (MS). A total of 279 preschoolers (138 girls and 141 boys) aged 48-74 months (M= 58,49, Ss= 8,37) in Central District of Edirne participated in the study. Demographics Form and adapted versions of the Science Technology and Engineering /STE) and Mathematics skills (MS) measures were used. The scales were adapted to Turkish in terms of language and cultural perspectives. The validity of scales was examined through Confirmatory Factor Analysis and distinction between Upper and Lower 27% of Groups. McDonald’s Omega was used to assess the internal reliability of the scales. Internal consistency for STES and MS were ω = .83 and ω = .92, respectively. Based on the results of the current study, it would be said that both scales could be used with preschool-aged children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to perform validity and reliability study of the Turkish version of the Karitane Parental Self-Confidence Scale (KPSCS), developed to be used in parents with a 0-12 month old baby. Materials and Methods: Study data was collected on the online platform between April and December 2020. The study included 218 parents with babies aged 0-12 months. Participant introduction form, Mother-Father Stress Scale, and KPSCS used to collect data. In the study, language and content validity, item analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, internal consistency coefficients, concurrent and convergent validity results were evaluated to adapt the KPSCS to Turkish language and culture and determine its validity and reliability. Results: The average age of the participants is 30.19 ± 4.10. The total Content Validity Index of the scale was calculated as 0.98. It was found that the two-factor structure of the scale was within the acceptable range of fit indices. After removing one item and reverse scoring one, the Cronbach alpha value of the 14-item scale was 0.934 for the total scale, 0.966 for the "baby care" sub-dimension, and 0.712 for the "parenting role" sub-dimension. Conclusion: The Turkish version of KPSCS is appropriate for evaluating the self-confidence of mothers with babies aged 0-12 months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Abrams curve shows the relationship between public expenditures and unemployment in a country. In the economy where this curve is valid, the increase in public expenditures causes the unemployment rate to increase. This study tests the validity of the Abrams curve for Turkey over the period 1980-2018. The stationarity of the variables is examined by the Fourier KPSS unit root test and it is understood that they are stationary at the first differences. Later, the long-term relationship between the variables is examined by the Fourier Shin cointegration test and it is determined that the variables are cointegrated. The CCR method is used to estimate long-run coefficients. According to this, one unit increase in public expenditures causes unemployment rate increase by 0.45 units. The findings from the FMOLS and DOLS estimators also support this result. Finally, the Toda-Yamamoto causality test is implemented and it is observed that there is a unidirectional causal relationship running from public expenditures to unemployment rate. The results demonstrate that the Abrams curve is valid for Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When individuals with health value have the desire to eat delicious food out, it might be a plausible behaviour for them to take their BMI into consideration. Undeniably, this situation also shapes their restaurant preferences. The aim of the study is to determine the impact of health value of restaurant customers on taste attitude in accordance with their BMI values. The data were collected through questionnaires that were developed based on the literature review. In the study, health value was calculated through a 5-item scale developed by Jun et al. (2014) In order to measure taste attitude, an item pool was formed through the literature review and interviews. Subsequently, content validity was examined by means of conferring with 20 experts. The content validity ratio of the 8-item taste attitude scale varied between 54 and 90%. Content validity index was calculated 61%. The questionnaire was carried out on restaurant customers between the ages of 20-69, who lived in Kayseri and dined out at least once a year. Quota sampling was employed in the implementation of the questionnaire, which took place between the dates of 01.05-31.07.2018 on the basis of the central district and age groups. To analyse the usable data acquired from the total of 1286 questionnaires, descriptive statistics, factor and regression analysis, along with reliability and variability analysis, were carried out. The findings indicate that health value had a significant impact on the sense of taste (β: 0,145) and taste perception (β: 0,229). Moreover, health value was found out to have a significant impact on taste attitude in only individuals of normal weight, and overweight individuals, but it did not have an impact on taste attitude in underweight and obese individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The aim of the current study is to test the reliability and validity of the Masculine Behavior Scale (MBS) with Turkish university students and to check out its psychometric values. The participants were selected among a total of 602 university students aged from 18 to 41. In Explanatory Factor Analysis, it was revealed that the Turkish form of Masculine Behavior Scale had four-dimensions like the original instrument and this model explained 56.50% of total variance related to the attribute it measured. In Confirmatory Factor Analysis, fit index values were calculated as χ²/df=2.56, RMSEA=.072, CFI=.92, GFI=.90, IFI=.92, NNFI=.90, and SRMR=.072. Additionally, factor loadings lined up between .40 and .77. In the concurrent validity, Masculine Behavior Scale had positive significant relationships with Bem Sex Roles Inventory. Cronbach alpha internal consistency coefficient was attained as α=.84 for Success Dedication subscale, α=.77 for Restrictive Emotionality subscale, α=.80 for Inhibited Affection subscale, α=.73 for Exaggerated Self-reliance subscale, α=.81 for whole scale. Corrected item-total correlations lined up between .41 and .68. In conclusion, these findings indicated that Masculine Behavior Scale could be used with Turkish adults as a valid and reliable assessment instrument. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) and Behavioral Activation System (BAS) scale in Turkish community sample and to examine the factor structure of the scale according to revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST). The study was done with a community sample of 441 participants, 237 female and 204 male, in the range of 18-65 years. The confirmatory factor analysis was done for both 4 factor structure model mentioned in the original RST and for 5 factor structure model suggested in the revised RST. The goodness of fit indexes of 5 factor model were at acceptable levels and the model was confirmed. For convergent validity, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised-Abbreviated Form (EPQR-A) was applied to 220 participants and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-II) was applied to 66 participants from the research sample. At reliability analysis of scale, as the result of internal consistency of five subscales, Cronbach alpha coefficients of the subscales were found between 0.55 and 0.74. The results showed that BİS/BAS scale has powerful psychometric evidences and in community sample it is a valid and reliable scale for assessing Behavioral Inhibition, Behavioral Activation and Fight, Flight, Freeze systems which are neurobiological-based systems in revised RST. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electronic Turkish Studies is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Competitiveness is considered as a personality factor that can affect how individuals behave in their personal and professional lives. The Revised Competitiveness Index consisted of 14 items is a widely used measure developed to measure the competitiveness seen as stable personality trait. The study aims to adapt the Revised Competition Index to Turkish. The Revised Competitiveness Index was first translated into Turkish by experts and then translated back into the source language to determine the suitability of the translation and the Turkish form took its final shape. The construct validity, internal consistency and corrected item correlations of this Turkish scale applied to 430 university students are examined. As a result of factor and reliability analysis, 3 statements are taken from the scale. Thus, a two-dimensional structure, such as Enjoyment of Competition and Avoiding of Contention (cronbach alpha: 0.936 and 0.807), is achieved in accordance with the original of the scale. As a result of the study, it is determined that the Individual Competitiveness Scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool suitable for Turkish culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electronic Turkish Studies is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish History Education Journal (TUHED) is the property of Ahmet Simsek and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Necatibey Faculty of Education Electronic Journal of Science & Mathematics Education is the property of Balikesir University, Necatibey Faculty of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Necatibey Faculty of Education Electronic Journal of Science & Mathematics Education is the property of Balikesir University, Necatibey Faculty of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Necatibey Faculty of Education Electronic Journal of Science & Mathematics Education is the property of Balikesir University, Necatibey Faculty of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Necatibey Faculty of Education Electronic Journal of Science & Mathematics Education is the property of Balikesir University, Necatibey Faculty of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the Turkish validity and reliability of the Caring Assessment Questionnaire developed by Patricia Jean Larson in 1881 and first quantitative maintenance assessment tool in the nursing literature. Materials and Methods: This study was a methodological study that was carried out in a nursing faculty in Istanbul with 250 nursing student continuing their education through the usage of Caring Assessment Questionnaire. The data obtained were evaluated according to language equivalence of the back-translation method, content validity; test-retest reliability, internal consistency, item-total score correlation. Results: In accordance with the validity and reliability study of the scale, Chi-square Goodness of fit test statistic value=2.61 and goodness of fit RMSEA=0.080. Testretest correlation r=0.42-0.59; Cronbach alpha=0.79-0.92; Total item correlation r=0.62-084 were determined. Conclusion: Caring Assessment Questionnaire, a valid and reliable tool that can be used for the Turkish community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]