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Introduction: The aim of this study is to examine the trends in the mortality rates of the population between the ages of 0-24 in various income groups around the world in 1990 and 2021 by age groups and gender in comparison with Türkiye. It also aims to determine whether there is a significant difference in stillbirth rates between Türkiye and income groups in the last 22 years. Materials and Methods: Data on child deaths and stillbirths between 1990 and 2021 were extracted from the United Nations child mortality database and analyzed by age groups <1 year, 1-4 years, 5-14 years, 15-24 years, gender and country income groups. Prism statistical analysis package program was used for comparative graphics and analysis. Results: Mortality rates in all age groups in the population aged 0-24 years are on a downward trend from 1990 to 2021. While the mortality rate at age <5 years decreased by 62% in the high-income countries group, it decreased even more in Türkiye, reaching 88%. Similarly, stillbirth rates in Türkiye decreased significantly, approaching the level of high-income countries. In 2020-2021, for the first time in Türkiye, the mortality rate in the 15-24 age group was lower than in the high-income countries group. In general, the male population has a higher mortality rate than the opposite sex across income and age groups. Conclusion: Although mortality rates between 0-24 years of age have shown a certain downward trend in each income group, the rate of mortality varies according to the income level of countries. In recent years, there has been a significant decrease in the 0-24 mortality rates in Türkiye. However, in order to further reduce these rates, countries need to improve their own access to health services and gender equitable preventive measures such as nutrition and immunization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to assess the association between women's platelet indices and bone mineral density to evaluate osteoporosis, which has a significant impact on quality of life throughout the postmenopausal age. Materials and Methods: The study was retrospectively designed, and data from 316 postmenopausal patients who applied to the obstetrics and gynecology outpatient clinic between January 2021 and January 2023, underwent bone mineral density measurements during follow-up, and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were obtained. The data were evaluated in 3 groups as normal, osteopenia, and osteoporosis according to bone mineral density. Platelet indices, age, body mass index (BMI), and bone mineral density were compared with platelet indices in the hemogram results of the patients on the same day. Results: The mean ages of the osteoporosis, osteopenia, and normal groups were 61.4, 58.4, and 56.2 years, respectively. The mean weight was 72.9 kg in the osteoporosis group, 74.09 kg in the osteopenia group, and 79.4 kg in the normal group. When the groups were compared, no significant difference was observed between age, platelet count, platelet distribution width, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet-large cell ratio, and thrombocytocrit but a significant difference was found between the osteoporosis and normal groups in terms of BMI (p=0.027). Conclusion: Although numerous studies in the literature have demonstrated a connection between osteoporosis and MPV and platelet count, our investigation revealed no such association and showed that the risk of osteoporosis decreased as BMI increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gazi University Journal of Gazi Educational Faculty (GUJGEF) is the property of Gazi University Journal of Gazi Educational Faculty (GUJGEF) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of University of Health Sciences Journal of Nursing is the property of Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of University of Health Sciences Journal of Nursing is the property of Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of University of Health Sciences Journal of Nursing is the property of Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of University of Health Sciences Journal of Nursing is the property of Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Objective: The study retrospectively evaluated the effects of quetiapine on sleep in primary insomnia and neurodegenerative diseases using polysomnographic data. Materials and Methods: Between January 1, 2010, and June 1, 2023, the records of 49 patients who were followed up in the sleep outpatient clinic of the neurology department of our hospital and who underwent polysomnography examination were retrospectively reviewed. Patients aged between 18 and 65 years with primary insomnia and neurodegenerative diseases were included in the study. Results: The mean age of 49 patients (26 females and 23 males) were 56.67 years. The mean quetiapine dose was 59.37. Sleep latency, stage 1 (N1) duration, stage 2 (N2) duration, mean and minimum SO2 and apnea-hypopnea index were similar. Total sleep duration, stage 3 (N3) duration and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep duration were higher in neurodegenerative patients. N3 duration was shorter in patients with primary insomnia on quetiapine. Sleep duration and REM duration were longer in the neurodegenerative group and sleep latency was longer in primary insomnia in quetiapine users. Among quetiapine users, the N2 sleep percentage was higher and the nonREM 3 sleep percentage was lower in primary insomnia, whereas there was no difference in sleep percentages in neurodegenerative patients. Conclusion: Quetiapine is an atypical antipsychotic agent. It shortens sleep latency and decreases the percentage of REM sleep and wake time. It increases total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and N2 sleep. In this study, in primary insomnia patients using quetiapine, N3 sleep duration was shorter and sleep percentage was lower, whereas N2 sleep percentage was longer. There has been no placebo-controlled study of any antipsychotic drug for treating insomnia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), a symptom of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), is an important cause of morbidity. It is frequently evaluated using the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) in clinical practice. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between EDS and polysomnographic respiratory parameters in OSAS patients. Materials and Methods: The records of 274 adult patients who applied to our sleep and disorders unit between 2014 and 2016 and were polysomnographically diagnosed with OSAS were retrospectively reviewed. EDS was evaluated subjectively with ESS; OSAS patients were divided into two groups: those with EDS (ESS total score >10) and those without (ESS total score ≤10). Clinical and polysomnographic data were then compared between the study groups. Results: While there was no significant difference in terms of age, gender, and mean apnea durations (p>0.05) between the two groups with and without EDS, body mass index (BMI), apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), mean O2 desaturation was higher and minimum O2 saturation was lower (p<0.05) in the group with EDS. While there was no significant correlation between the ESS total score and age and mean apnea duration, there was a weak positive correlation between the ESS total score and BMI, AHI, mean O2 desaturation, hourly desaturation duration percentage, and desaturation depth; a very weak and negative significant correlation was found with minimum O2 saturation. Conclusion: EDS observed in OSAS is weakly related to standard polysomnographic respiratory parameters and composite respiratory indices, and it should be evaluated with other indicators of inflammation and oxidative stress caused by intermittent hypoxia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aims to determine the coinfection rate of hospitalized COVID-19 patients, investigate the etiological agents causing coinfection, and reveal the clinical characteristics of patients with coinfection. In addition, by identifying coinfections accompanying viral infections, we aim to prevent unnecessary antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance. Methods: This study analyzed 76 hospitalized patients with prediagnoses of COVID-19 between Sep 2021 and Feb 2022. They had a positive RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2, compatible thoracic Computed Tomography findings, and biochemical parameters indicating coinfection. Patients' respiratory samples were tested for other respiratory pathogens by multiplex PCR. Results: Out of 76 patients, 54 (71.1%) were found to have one or more pathogens along with SARS-CoV-2. Among these patients, 35 had a single pathogen, while 19 had multiple pathogens. The most common pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus in 24 (31.6%) patients, influenza viruses in 18 patients (23.7%), and Streptococcus pneumoniae in 15 (17.1%) patients. There was no significant difference between mortality rates, length of hospital stay, hospitalization site, biochemical parameters (C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, lactate dehydrogenase, D-dimer, lymphocyte count, ferritin level) between patients with and without coinfection. Conclusion: Although no significant difference was found in parameters such as mortality rates and length of hospital stay in patients with comorbid pathogens in our study, we think that clinicians should take the risk of coinfection into account in the follow-up and treatment of hospitalized patients and perform appropriate tests in suspected cases. Our study showed that the viral and bacterial pathogens accompanying SARS-CoV-2 are significant and that more specific and large-scale studies are needed to examine the clinical effects of these factors. We also believe that influenza, pneumococcal, and COVID-19 vaccines should not be ignored, especially in risk groups, during the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We aimed to compare the demographic and clinical characteristics, perceptions of disease, stigma, social support levels and psychosocial adaptations of patients with COVID-19 and patients with chronic infections (TB, hepatitis, HIV) who were followed as inpatients. Methods: The cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted with 100 patients receiving inpatient treatment between January 2021 and January 2022. Criteria for selecting patients were being able to understand and speak Turkish, being at least literate, having TB, hepatitis, HIV or severe COVID-19 disease, and being an adult (over 18 years old). Data were collected using a personal information form, "Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale-Self-Report", "Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire", and "Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale". Results: We determined that there was a significant difference in terms of demographic characteristics (age, education, marital and employment status) and hospitalization duration of individuals with COVID-19 and chronic infections (TB, hepatitis, HIV) who received inpatient treatment. There was also a significant difference in personal and treatment control, illness coherence, emotional representation dimensions, and attributions towards possible causes of the disease, as well as feelings of stigma, social support perceptions, and psychosocial adaptation. Conclusion: This study not only underscores the need for a biopsychosocial approach to individuals with contagious infectious diseases but also provides practical insights for healthcare professionals. Addressing the patients' perception of their illness early on can significantly improve patient beliefs, leading to more effective patient-centered treatment outcomes. Moreover, supporting individuals with infectious diseases in biopsychosocial management can play a crucial role in reducing psychological morbidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Ceftriaxone and metronidazole (CEF/MET) combination therapy is commonly used in the empirical therapy of intra-abdominal infections (IAIs). We aimed to evaluate the treatment response in patients started on empirical CEF/MET therapy and contribute current treatment data on IAIs. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients receiving parenteral antibiotic therapy in the general surgery department between 2016 and 2018. Patients aged 18 and older who received CEF/MET therapy for more than 24 hours with a diagnosis of IAI were included. Patient characteristics, antibiotic use and/or surgical history in the last three months, infection source, need for surgical intervention, and clinical and laboratory data were evaluated. Treatment response was analyzed in groups of patients with or without treatment changes. Results: 10,649 patients were evaluated; 591 (5.5%) received CEF/MET therapy, and 297 (50.2%) met the study criteria. Among them, 243 (81.8%) received only CEF/MET treatment (Group 1), while 54(18.2%) received additional antibiotics (median day 5) (Group 2). There was a statistically significant correlation between malignancy, antibiotic use in the last three months and history of surgical intervention and treatment change (p=0.001). The gallbladder (63%) or the biliopancreatic tract (12.1%) were the infection foci in 75.1% of all patients. Treatment was modified in 9.6% of the patients with an infection focused on the gallbladder and 55.6% of the patients with an infection focused on the biliopancreatic tract (p=0.001). Patients with treatment modification had more extended hospital stays and higher mortality rates (p=0.001). Conclusion: Empirical CEF/MET initiation is appropriate for IAIs with a gallbladder focus, yielding a favourable response in four out of five patients. However, CEF/MET therapy may be insufficient in patients with a biliopancreatic tract focus, a history of antibiotic use, malignancy, or surgical intervention, despite source control. Therefore, learning the source of infection and patient characteristics will contribute to the determination of the antibiotic to be selected in empirical treatment, increase treatment success, shorten the hospitalization period, and reduce mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Risky exposure of healthcare workers to blood and body fluids is one of the most critical global issues. This study aimed to determine the frequency, conditions, and interventions of risky contacts and provide guidance on infection control measures to enhance occupational safety. Methods: Healthcare workers' risky contact with blood and body fluids was investigated from January 2013 to December 2022. The contact tracking forms for blood and body fluid exposures in the Infection Control Committee (ICC) were retrospectively examined. Furthermore, the effects of the regulatory activities implemented by the ICC on the problems detected during the active surveillance of risky contacts and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic during the monitoring process were evaluated. Results: During the ten-year follow-up period, a total of 700 risky contacts were identified in 625 healthcare workers, with 643 (91.9%) resulting from needlestick and sharp injuries and 57 (8.1%) from skin and mucosal contact. Of the risky contacts, 262 (37.4%) occurred in internal medicine units, 171 (24.4%) in surgical units, and 112 (16%) in the emergency department, making these the most common locations for risky contacts. The most frequently reported occupational groups were, respectively, 267 (38%) interns, 185 (26%) nurses, and 173 (25%) cleaning staff. When evaluating how risky contacts occurred, it was determined that 215 (30.7%) occurred during invasive procedures, 108 (15.4%) while recapping the needle, and 528 (75%) resulted from needlestick injuries. It was determined that 13% of risky contacts applied to the ICC after 72 hours, and 79% used appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE). The highest rate of PPE usage, at 93%, was observed in 2020, when the COVID-19 pandemic began. In 2013, it was observed that the most common risky contacts occurred during waste collection, and over the years, injuries during waste collection decreased with training. Although the source was unknown in 32% of risky contacts, a decrease in the rate of risky contacts with unknown sources was achieved over time. Out of 478 risky contacts with known sources, 71 (14.9%) occurred with patients infected with hepatitis B, 35 (7.3%) with hepatitis C, and seven (1.5%) with HIV. Ninety-six per cent of the nurses were exposed to risky contacts, 93% of interns, 87% of doctors, 56% of cleaning personnel, and 84% of other healthcare workers were immune to hepatitis B. After a one-year follow-up period with post-exposure prophylaxis, no healthcare worker developed hepatitis B or HIV infection, while one person was found to be anti-HCV positive. Conclusion: Needlestick-sharp object injuries remain a significant issue. All healthcare institutions must regularly monitor risky contacts with blood and bodily fluids, identify problems, develop targeted infection control measures, and plan periodic training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Inborn errors of immunity (IEI), formerly known as primary immunodeficiencies, are a group of inherited diseases affecting different innate and adaptive immune system components. The most common finding in the heterogeneous group of patients with IEI is infections, which are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. This retrospective study aims to determine infections in a heterogeneous group of patients receiving immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IGRT). Methods: The medical records of the patients with IEI who received IGRT and were followed up in our clinic for the last five years were reviewed retrospectively. Results: In this study, including 45 patients diagnosed with IEI (55.6% male, average age 38.4±11.6 years), the most common subgroup was primary antibody deficiencies (40, 88.8%). The average age of diagnosis for patients was 26.8±14.8 years, with a median diagnostic delay of 6 years. Twenty (44.4%) of patients had bronchiectasis. All patients were receiving IGRT, with 82.2% using antimicrobial prophylaxis. Before diagnosis, the median annual number of infections was 4, which decreased to 1 post-treatment (p<0.001). Significant reductions in pneumonia and upper respiratory tract infection frequency were observed with IGRT compared to before the treatment (75.6% vs. 22.2%, p<0.001; 66.7% vs. 31.1%, p=0.003). Seventeen (37.8%) of patients were hospitalized due to infections during treatment. The rate of inactive influenza vaccination and the average body mass index (BMI) were significantly lower in patients with hospitalization than in those without hospitalization (20% vs 53.8%, p=0.034; 20.5 vs. 24.1 kg/m², p=0.019). Among those with bronchiectasis, the rate of pneumonia prior to diagnosis was significantly higher (95% vs. 60%, p=0.012). Lower BMI, the presence of bronchiectasis, and non-compliance with treatment were associated with more frequent infections under treatment. Conclusion: Many complications, especially infections, can be prevented by early diagnosis and treatment of IEI and increasing patient compliance with treatment. Therefore, increasing awareness of IEI both in society and among physicians from all specialties will enable patients to be diagnosed at an early stage and reduce hospitalization, mortality and morbidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to investigate COVID-19 vaccine preferences among university students using a discrete choice experiment. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among university students. A questionnaire containing participants' sociodemographic characteristics and hypothetical COVID-19 vaccine choice sets was used. The mixed logit model was used to estimate students' preferences for different levels of vaccine attributes. Simulations of vaccine acceptance rates were calculated. Results: A total of 242 students participated in the study. 24.1% of the participants had a previous COVID-19 infection. 97.4% of the students had received a COVID-19 vaccine. Almost all of those who were vaccinated received two doses or more. 81.8% of them received the mRNA vaccine. The most frequent reasons for accepting vaccination were infection prevention and the belief that getting vaccinated is a societal responsibility to end the pandemic. 70.3% of the students agreed that COVID-19 vaccines were safe, while 89.2% agreed that vaccination contributed to herd immunity. According to the mixed logit model results, the most preferred attribute of the vaccine was effectiveness. Other attributes also affected the preferences of students in the following order of priority: frequency of severe side effects, reduction in transmission, duration of protection, origin, and type of the vaccine. Conclusion: These findings can guide low-risk groups to accept vaccination during a pandemic. In pandemic control, the importance of community participation and sharing up-to-date information on approaches to fighting pandemics, such as vaccines, should be prioritized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Toxoplasma gondii, rubella, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) are among the TORCH (Toxoplasma, Others, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex virus) group microorganisms. Knowing regional epidemiological data on TORCH group infections is important, especially when deciding whether to perform routine screening at the regional and national levels. Our study aimed to evaluate the frequency of T. gondii, rubella, and CMV IgM and/or IgG antibodies in female patients admitted to a state hospital in İstanbul. Method: T. gondii, rubella, and CMV IgG and IgM antibody results tested in patient sera between January 2017 and December 2020 were evaluated retrospectively. Results: The results of 33 636 samples were evaluated. The highest rate of seropositivity was detected in the 20-29 age group (n=4626, 26.72%). The highest of antibody positivity was reported in 2019 (33.29%). The IgG seropositivity rate was 24.1% for T. gondii, 93.5% for rubella, and 98.3% for CMV. Conclusion: Except for the differences in T. gondii seroprevalence, the results of our study seem to be similar to those of other studies both in our country and globally. The seronegativity rate (74.9%) for T. gondii was high in our research, which indicates that pregnant women should be carefully monitored for T. gondii infection in our region. We conclude that more comprehensive studies are needed to establish national screening programs for TORCH group agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Sport for All & Recreation / Herkes Için Spor ve Rekreasyon is the property of Journal of Sport for All & Recreation / Herkes icin Spor ve Rekreasyon Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the second most common infections among children. Early initiation of treatment is crucial to prevent complications. In recent years, the increasing production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) in gram-negative bacteria has made it challenging to treat infections caused by these pathogens in children. The C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) has emerged as an important marker for inflammation in recent years. The aim of our study is to investigate the predictive value of CAR in the early identification of ESBL-positive upper urinary tract infections (UUTI) in children and to determine the antibiotic resistance profiles of isolated uropathogens. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted by reviewing the medical records of 194 children diagnosed with UUTI and treated either as outpatients or inpatients. Based on urine culture results, patients were divided into two groups: ESBL-positive UUTI and ESBL-negative UUTI. Laboratory tests obtained within the first 6 hours after UUTI diagnosis, before the initiation of antibiotic therapy, as well as demographic data, were retrieved from hospital records and compared between the two groups. The microorganisms isolated in urine cultures and their antimicrobial susceptibility results were recorded. Results: Of the patients, 98 (50,5%) were female and 96 (49,4%) were male, with a median age of 12 (4,92-36) months. Among the isolated pathogens, 126 (64,9%) were ESBL-negative, while 68 (35,1%) were ESBL-positive. CRP and CAR levels were significantly higher in the ESBL-positive UUTI group (p<0.001). A ROC analysis was performed to assess the ability of laboratory parameters to predict ESBL-positive UUTI. For CRP, values of 2,270 and above predicted ESBL positivity with 54,41% sensitivity and 61,11% specificity [p<0.001; AUC: 0.660 (0,584-0,737)]. For CAR, values of 0,698 and above predicted ESBLpositive UUTI with 58,82% sensitivity and 59,52% specificity [p=0.001; AUC: 0,650 (0,573-0,727)]. Escherichia coli (39,2%) was the most frequently isolated microorganism in all patients, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (28,9%), Enterococcus spp. (14,4%), and Proteus mirabilis (9,3%). Among ESBL-positive UUTI patients, the most commonly isolated microorganisms were E. coli and K. pneumoniae. Ampicillin resistance in ESBL-positive E. coli was 89,3%, and the highest resistance among cephalosporins was observed against ceftriaxone (89,7%). Amikacin resistance in ESBL-positive E. coli was 7,7%, while no resistance was observed in ESBL-positive UUTI K. pneumoniae. Meropenem resistance was found in 5,6% and ertapenem resistance in 6,7% of K. pneumoniae isolates, while in E. coli, meropenem resistance was 13,6% and ertapenem resistance was 9,1%. Conclusions: CAR is independently associated with ESBL-positive UUTI. Our study demonstrated that CAR may be useful in predicting ESBL-positive UUTI. Given the high resistance observed to cephalosporins, it is recommended that patients with significantly elevated CAR levels receive empirical treatment with carbapenems, amikacin, nitrofurantoin, or fosfomycin, whether treated as outpatients or inpatients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: It was aimed to examine the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of 638 children who applied to Şanlıurfa Training and Research Hospital for Special Needs Report for Children (SNRC) and to contribute to new studies in the field of mental health with the results obtained. Materials and Methods: In our study, children and young people who applied to Şanlıurfa Training and Research Hospital for the purpose of a special needs report for children in the 6-month period between 01.10.2023 and 31.03.2024 were included. Participants' information was scanned retrospectively through the hospital information system. Results: The gender distribution of the cases was 261 (40.9%) females and 377 (59.1%) males with a male/female ratio of 1.44. The median age of the patients was 94.5 months (IQR 25/75: 51/134 months). When the distribution of the diagnoses of the cases was analyzed, it was observed that the problems in the cognitive domain were in the first place. In the cognitive domain, the most frequently reported condition was mental capacity at a level requiring an HSN (has special needs) rate. Speech sound disorder and ASD (autism spectrum disorder) were found to be statistically significantly higher in males. The level of need for HSN was found to be more frequent in males. In the diagnoses of delayed milestone, delayed development of receptive or expressive language, and speech disorder (all diagnoses within speech sound disorder within the scope of SNRC), it was found that the group with a statistically significant diagnosis had a lower average age than those without a diagnosis. In the diagnoses of childhood-onset speech fluency disorder and specific learning disability, the mean age of individuals with a diagnosis was statistically significantly higher than that of individuals without a diagnosis. Conclusions: Child and adolescent mental health and illness specialists and all health professionals who care for children should have the necessary knowledge to make appropriate referrals to ensure the educational and social rights of children and young people with special needs. In this context, it is important that physicians working with children and adolescents in our country have sufficient knowledge about SNRC and that their awareness on this issue is increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: According to the World Health Organization's 2023 estimates, 1.3 billion people worldwide, i.e., 1 in 6 people or 16% of the total world population, are seriously physically or mentally disabled. Changing disability/handicap/disablement (DHD) regulations and statutes may cause different DHD rates for the same injury. The presented study aims to determine whether the DHD rate of cases evaluated under any regulation/statute changes under other regulations or statutes, and if so, to what extent this change occurs. Materials and Methods: In the study, DHD rates calculated according to different regulations and statutes on 100 cases at two different universities were also calculated according to other regulations and statutes divided into four groups as A, B, C and D, and the differences between them were calculated statistically. Results: In the study, DED reports belonging to 100 people (mean age: 31.4±16.0), 70 men and 30 women, were evaluated. Statistically significant differences were found in 5 out of a total of six comparisons made according to different regulations and statutes. Conclusions: It was predicted that organizing joint scientific meetings in the fields of medicine and law and gathering VET calculations under a single guide, taking into account international standards and characteristics such as the person's profession, age and gender, would prevent both loss of rights and unjust gains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the LEEP (Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure) procedure in the preoperative evaluation of cervical involvement in endometrial cancer and to evaluate its contribution to the planning of the surgical procedure. Materials and Methods: 75 patients who were examined prospectively and whose histopathological results were compatible with endometrial cancer were divided into two groups to undergo endocervical curettage and LEEP. All patients underwent simple hysterectomy/radical hysterectomy and a surgical staging procedure including pelvic, para-aortic lymph node sampling, omentectomy, and cytology collection. Staging was done according to the FIGO 2009 surgical staging system. The aim was to determine the accuracy rates, sensitivity and specificity in determining cervical involvement by comparing the histopathological findings obtained from the preoperative ECC (Endecervical Curettage) and LEEP procedures of the patients with the operation pathologies. Results: When the pathology results of endocervical curettage samples were compared with the operation pathologies, it was determined that it was statistically significant, but the accuracy rate was 58.7%. When the samples taken from the patients who underwent the LoopElectrosurgicalExcision procedure were compared with the surgical pathologies, it was found to be statistically significant and the accuracy rate was found to be 93.5% (p = 0.037). Conclusions: Determining cervical involvement with the LEEP procedure is superior to the frequently applied endocervical curettage in terms of specificity, positive predictivity and accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Studies on brain development show that the first years of life are significantly more important than all other times of life. The first symptoms of neurodevelopmental disorders that affect speech, learning and social communication skills are seen in infancy and early childhood and are often diagnosed in the preschool period.The early period of life is a period in which there is a great deal of dependence on the external environment compared to other periods of life. It is stated that the experiences and developing psychiatric disorders during this period shape the brain and affect lifelong mental health, behavior, and learning. It is stated that since the brains of young children are extremely resilient to environmental stress, interventions made during this period are more effective than later interventions, and the return is highest in the early years. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the clinical, sociodemographic and daily screen media use characteristics of infants and young children who were referred to the infant mental health clinic for further, detailed evaluation. Materials and Methods: Our study included 175 infants and young children between the ages of 0-6 who were referred to the infant mental health clinic for detailed evaluation. Clinical files of the patients, including their sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and psychiatric disorder diagnoses according to DSM-5, were evaluated retrospectively. Results: 80% (n=140) of the evaluated patients were diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder. The average age of patients at diagnosis was 32.06 months (SD = 10.66). 49.7% (n=87) of the patients had Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), 12% (n=21) had Intellectual Disability (ID), 8.6% (n=15) had Communication Disorder (CD), %5.1 (n=9) of the patients were diagnosed with ID+ASD, 4.6% (n=8) were diagnosed with ID+CD, and 5.1% (n=9) of the patients were found to have autistic trait even though they were not diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder. The average daily screen exposure time of the patients was found to be 4.28 (SD = 2.64) hours. Conclusions: The period of infancy and early childhood is the most fundamental and critical period in terms of brain development. Early detection and intervention of psychiatric disorders seen in this period is very important for both the prognosis of the disorders and the reduction of risk factors that may negatively affect brain development. It is thought that our study will contribute to the development of studies and intervention methods in the field of infant and young child mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In this study, we discussed the incidental detection of Gastro Intestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST) in patients who underwent Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG) operation in our hospital. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 743 patients operated on by a single surgeon in our clinic between January 2015 and November 2023. The pathology reports of these patients were examined. Results: When the pathology reports of 743 patients were examined, GIST was detected incidentally in 4 patients (0.54%). These patients had lesions that were noticed during surgery and were suspicious for GIST. Conclusions: GIST is very rare in the normal population. With the widespread use of LSG operation, it has been observed that the rate of GIST is much higher in the morbidly obese patient population than in the normal population. The rate determined in our study was found to be compatible with the general literature (0.3-1.2%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To evaluate thyroid functions, thyroid ultrasonography (USG) findings and to determine the frequency of autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto thyroiditis) in patients with Turner syndrome (TS). Materials and Methods: 25 patients diagnosed with Turner syndrome (mean age 16.3±4.44 years) and 25 healthy girls (mean age 16.3±3.66 years) were included in the study as a control group. Both groups were evaluated in terms of clinical and cytogenetic features. Thyroid function tests (TFT), antithyroglobulin (anti TG) and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti TPO) for autoimmune thyroiditis, and thyroid USG examinations were performed in all children included in the study. Chi-square, Mann Whitney U, Wilcoxon Rank Sum and linear correlation tests were used to evaluate the test results. Results: As a result of the study, cytogenetic analysis of 25 patients diagnosed with TS revealed 45,X0 in 13 cases (52%); mosaicism was detected in the X chromosome in 9 (36%) cases, and structural anomaly in the X chromosome was detected in 3 (12%) cases. Seven (28%) of the patients with TS had thyroid pathology including TFT abnormality, autoantibody positivity, or abnormal USG findings. The presence of thyroid autoantibodies was significantly higher in the TS group (p = 0.03). Anti-TG and anti-TPO positivity was detected in 5 patients (20%). Only 1 of the TS patients in whom no antibodies were detected had hypothyroidism. In the control group, TFT was within normal limits. Hypothyroidism was statistically significantly higher in TS patients than in the control group (p<0.05). Three of the 5 patients with positive thyroid antibodies had lymphocytic thyroiditis findings on thyroid USG. The thyroid antibody positivity and pathological USG findings were evaluated with linear correlation, a significant relationship was detected between the two parameters (p <0.05). There was no significant statistical relationship between HT thyroiditis and karyotype (p>0.05). Conclusions: The 20% antithyroid antibody positivity rate obtained in our study supports the high frequency of autoimmune thyroiditis in TS. Thyroid antibody positivity and pathological USG findings are correlated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: aim of this study was to investigate the long-term clinical, functional and oncologic outcomes of patients with aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC). It was also aimed to reveal the effect of treatment options on recurrence and complications. Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent surgical treatment and follow-up with the diagnosis of ACS between 2000 and January 2023 were included in the study. Data were collected retrospectively using the hospital database and patient follow- up files. Only patients with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of ABC and a minimum follow-up period of 12 months were included in the study. Data such as age, gender, side, bone location of the tumor, extremity localization, preferred surgical method (curettage+allograft, curettage+allograft, curettage+autograft, curettage+cement and resection), whether internal fixation was applied, follow-up period, presence of recurrence and date of recurrence were recorded. The last follow-up was performed with the MSTS (Musculoskeletal Tumor Society) scoring system in outpatient clinic controls. On the basis of these data, the clinical, radiological, functional and oncological outcomes of the patients, complication rates, presence of recurrence and factors affecting the occurrence of recurrence were retrospectively analyzed. Results: A total of 103 patients, 51 women and 52 men, were included in the study. The mean follow-up period was 30.94±4.43 months. Recurrence was seen in 24.3% (n=25) of the patients. The age of patients with recurrence was significantly higher than those without recurrence (p<0.001). There was a statistically significant correlation between recurrence and internal fixation (p=0.020). The MSTS scores of patients who underwent internal fixation during surgery were significantly higher than those of patients who did not undergo internal fixation (p<0.001). Conclusions: In conclusion, in line with the data obtained in our study, the choice of treatment for aneurysmal bone cysts depends on localization, size, pathological fracture risk, symptoms and surrounding tissues. We believe that more caution should be exercised in the surgical treatment of ACCs with fracture risk, lower extremity localizations, and patients with incomplete skeletal development. Prevention of recurrence and internal fixation in patients with fracture risk increase patient satisfaction and positively affect functional outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of this study is to determine the causes of blindness and ocular morbidity among refugees and asylum seekers applying for a disability report in our region. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted by scanning Syrian refugees and asylum seekers who applied for a disabled health board r eport at a state hospital. Syrian refugees and asylum seekers applying for a disability health board report for different ages and genders were examined considering ocular morbidity and how often they had a visual impairment. Results: While 72 of 281 applicants included in the study were evaluated in the pediatric age group; 209 of them were in the adult age group. Among the pediatric age group, there were 46 (64%) men and 26 (36%) women. In the adult age group, there were 132 (63%) men and 77 (37%) women. The most common ocular morbidities for the pediatric age group are esotropia (20 cases, 27.8%), amblyopia (11 cases, 15.2%), exotropia (9 cases, 12.5%) and nystagmus (9 cases, 12%, 5), the most common ocular morbidities we encountered in the adult age group were cataracts (69 cases, 33.0%), diabetic retinopathy (39 cases, 18.6%) and amblyopia (19 cases, 9.0%). No difference was observed between male and female applicants. Conclusions: Refugees and asylum seekers are frequently encountered among the applicants of the disability health board report. If these people have visual impairments, ocular morbidity can be monitored in many different ways depending on their age and health history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amaç: Ayak bileği dorsifleksiyon güçlüğü nörolojik yolaklarda çeşitli seviyelerdeki hasar sonucu ortaya çıkabilir. Düşük ayak kliniğinin cinsiyet ve yaşa göre de farklı etiyolojik nedenleri olduğu bilinmektedir. Ancak epidemiyolojik veriler sınırlıdır. Bu çalışmada düşük ayak kliniği ile başvuran ve tanısı elektrofizyolojik olarak doğrulanan hastaların demografik, klinik etiyolojik ve elektrofizyolojik özelliklerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Materyal ve Metod: Nörofizyoloji laboratuvarına düşük ayak ön tanısı ile yönlendirilen ve elektromiyografi (EMG) ile tanısı doğrulanan hastaların verileri retrospektif olarak incelendi. Demografik bilgileri, motor ve duyusal semptomları, nörolojik muayene bulguları, elektrofizyolojik incelemeleri ve semptom başlangıcından EMG yapılana kadar geçen süre açısından değerlendirildi. Hastalar öykülerinde yer alan etiyolojik faktörlere göre sınıflandırıldı. Elektrofizyolojik incelemelerine göre etkilenen sinir ve taraf bilgileri kaydedildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 55'i (%44) kadın, 107'si (%66) erkek olmak üzere 162 hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların yaşlarının ortanca değeri 37,00 (5-85) idi. Hastalar semptom başlangıcından sonra EMG laboratuvarına başvurma sürelerinin ortanca değeri 4,00 (1-108) ay idi. Elektrofizyolojik olarak en çok etkilenen sinir peroneal+tibial (%37, n=60) sinirdi. Bunu izole peroneal sinir (%27.8, n=45) takip ediyordu. Etiyolojide ise en sık travmaya (%37, n=61) bağlı düşük ayak geliştiği görüldü. Kadın hastalarda cerrahi komplikasyonlara (n=11, %20), erkek hastalarda travmaya bağlı (n=45, %42,1) düşük ayak kliniği anlamlı olarak (p=0,037) daha sık saptanmıştır. Yaş ile etiyolojik nedenler arasında ise anlamlı farklılık yoktu (p=0,306). Sonuç: Düşük ayak kliniği günlük yaşamda çeşitli derecelerde özürlülüğe sebep olması nedeni ile önemlidir. Düşük ayak kliniğinde en sık etkilenen sinirler peroneal ve tibial sinirlerdi. Erkek cinsiyet travma, kadın cinsiyet ise cerrahi komplikasyonlara bağlı gelişen düşük ayak kliniği ile ilişkiliydi. Nöromusküler yolaktaki herhangi bir yaralanma bu kliniğe neden olabileceğinden bu hastalarda kapsamlı bir araştırma yapılması gerekmektedir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: When fetal echocardiographic examination is performed by experienced people, the postnatal accuracy rate is highand has a positive effect on mortality and morbidity in newborns. In our study, we aimed to analyze the prenatal data and postnatal outcomes of the patients who underwent fetal echocardiography. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted with patients who underwent fetal echocardiography in our clinic between August 2020 and December 2021. The patients were grouped as high-risk and low-risk patients according to fetal echocardiography indications, and intergroup analysis was performed. Results: The study was conducted with a total of 365 patients. The mean age of the patients was 30.81±5.9 years, and the gestational week was calculated as 24.97±4.28 weeks. Patients, 14 (3.8%) were multiple pregnancies, 131 (35.9%) were primiparous. When compared with the p renatal d iagnoses o f t he patients whose postnatal echocardiography results could be reached, the prenatal diagnosis accuracy rate was found to be 95.6%. As The most common fetal echocardiography indication was suspicion of heart disease in fetal ultrasonography. Congenital heart disease was detected in fetal echocardiography i n 8 4 (23%) of the patients, the most common anomaly was ventricular septal defect. While 230 (63%) of the patients were in the high-risk group according to fetal echocardiography indication, 135 (37%) were in the low-risk group. In the analysis, a significant increase was found in high-risk patients compared to low-risk patients, especially in terms of important cardiac pathologies (p<0.001). Conclusions: Fetal echocardiography is highly diagnostic when performed by experienced people. It was concluded that fetal echocardiographic examination should be routinely performed in high-risk patients for fetal heart disease, and fetal echocardiography should be performed in low-risk patients if fetal ultrasonography is suspicious. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Ege University Nursing Faculty (JEUNF) is the property of Journal of Ege University Nursing Faculty (JEUNF) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ege University Nursing Faculty (JEUNF) is the property of Journal of Ege University Nursing Faculty (JEUNF) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)