Search

Objective: Although the tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine/bictegravir (TAF/FTC/BIC) regimen is recommended in national and international guidelines for changing treatment in treatment-experienced patients living with HIV (PLwHIV), there are limited real-life data reported in Türkiye. We aimed to evaluate the changes in virological and immunological indicators, renal functions, and lipid profiles in the follow-up of patients who switched to TAF/FTC/BIC. Methods: The study included treatment-experienced PLwHIV aged 18 years or older who were followed at the infectious diseases outpatient clinic between January 2020 and December 2021. Follow-up parameters before and after switching to TAF/FTC/BIC were evaluated retrospectively. Results: A total of 77 PLwHIV were included. Of those, 71 (92.2%) were male, and the median age was 42 years. The 24th and 48th week median HIV RNA values of patients whose viral loads were measured were 35 (27-77) copies/ml and 34 (24-49) copies/ml, respectively, after switching. We did not detected a significant difference in CD4+T lymphocyte count, CD4+ T lymphocyte percentage, and CD4+/CD8+ ratio when compared with pre-treatment values. Virological suppression was not maintained in 24.7% (n=19/77) of PLwHIV. While "incomplete virological response" was not detected in any patients, 2.6% (n=2/77) had virological rebound, 1.3% (n=1/77) were virological non-responders, 10.4% (n=8/77) had low-level viremia, and 20.8% (n=16/77) had virological blip. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (101 ml/min./1.73m² vs. 96 ml/min./1.73m², p=0.05) and total cholesterol level (199 mg/dl vs. 185 mg/dl, p=0.05) decreased at 48th week. In switching from tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine/elvitegravir/cobicistat (TAF/FTC/EVG/Cob) to TAF/FTC/BIC, significant decreases were detected in GFR (101 ml/min./1.73m² vs. 95 ml/min./1.73m², p=0.016) and total cholesterol levels (205 mg/dl vs. 182 mg/dl, p<0.001). Conclusion: Even if virological suppression is achieved before switching, virological suppression may be impaired in patients after switching to TAF/FTC/BIC. Moreover, renal functions should be closely monitored due to the significant decrease in GFR, especially when switching from TAF/FTC/EVG/Cob to TAF/FTC/BIC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amaç: Çalışmada iskemik ve hemorajik inme hastalarında kan lipid parametrelerinin değerlendirilmesi ve mortalite ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Retrospektif özellikte, kesitsel ve hastane temelli klinik bir çalışma olarak planlandı. İskemik ve hemorajik inme tanısı klinik bulgular, beyin difüzyon ağırlıklı manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRG) ve bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) ile konfirme edildi. Hastane içi inme mortalite oranları hesaplandı. Hastaların serum lipid profili (trigliserid, total kolesterol, yüksek dansiteli lipoprotein (HDL) kolesterol ve düşük dansiteli lipoprotein (LDL) kolesterol) incelendi. Bulgular: Çalışmada 60 iskemik ve 50 hemorajik inme hastası dahil edildi. İskemik ve hemorajik inme guruplarında diyabetes mellitüs (DM) ve koroner arter hastalığı (KAH) sıklığı benzerdi (sırasıyla p: 0,649, p: 0,919). Hipertansiyon hemorajik inme gurubunda daha sıktı (p: 0,006). Mortalite oranları iskemik inmede %10 (n: 6), hemorajik inmede %36 (n: 18) idi. İskemik inme ve hemorajik inmede serum lipid seviyeleri karşılaştırıldığında, total kolesterol iskemik inme gurubunda yüksekti (p: 0,003). Trigliserit, HDL ve LDL kolesterol seviyesi benzerdi (sırasıyla, p: 0,929, p: 0,443, p: 0,133). Mortalite ile seyreden tüm inme hastalarında serum trigliserid ve total kolesterol seviyesi daha düşüktü (p=0,047, p=0,002). Diğer parametreler benzerdi. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda serum total kolesterol seviyesi iskemik inme hastalarında daha yüksektir. Hipertansiyon hemorajik inmede daha sıktır. Trigliserit ve total kolesterol düşüklüğü inme hastalarında kısa dönem mortalite ile ilişkilidir.

In this study, loading of optimum leather fleshings was investigated with four identical batch reactors with different fleshings and treatment sludge ratios (0:1, 0.25:1, 0.35:1, 0.50:1) to contribute to the state of art of the biogas production from tannery solid wastes. Results showed that lipids-containing leather fleshings boosted the methane production potential. However, H2S inhibition and volatile fatty acids accumulation were the main concern in the anaerobic digestion of these wastes. The modified Gompertz model was applied to the batch tests data to determine the kinetic constants of anaerobic digestion of tannery solid wastes. It was calculated with the model outputs that the ultimate methane production potential and maximum methane production rate in reactors having mixing ratio of 0.35:1 and 0.5:1 (dry basis) were highly similar. 0.35 was found to be an optimum leather fleshing and treatment sludge ratio with a 54% more methane production potential than that of control reactor in this study.

Amaç: Lipid metabolizması üzerinden obezite ve metabolik sendromla ilişkisi olabileceğini düşündüğümüz ACSL4 geninin sık görülen rs7886473 A>G polimorfizminin Türk toplumunda metabolik sendrom ve lipid düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisini araştırmayı amaçladık.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamıza, Türkiye genelinde takip edilen ve modifiye edilmiş NCEP ATPIII Metabolik Sendrom tanı kriterlerine göre 556 metabolik sendrom olan ve 520 metabolik sendrom olmayan erişkin birey dahil edildi. Metabolik sendrom olan ve olmayan bireylerin ACSL4 gen polimorfizmi Roche Light Cycler 480 Real-Time PCR ile genotiplendi ve karşılaştırıldı.Bulgular: Metabolik sendrom olan ve metabolik sendrom olmayan bireyler arasında ACSL4 rs7886473 genotip dağılımları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmadı. Tüm erkeklerin ACSL4 rs7886473 polimorfizmine göre serum total kolesterol, HDL, LDL ve trigliserid düzeyleri karşılaştırıldığında; GG ve AA genotipleri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmadı. Benzer şekilde tüm kadınlarda da anlamlı farklılık bulunmadı.Sonuç: Bu çalışma, ACSL4 geni açısından incelemiş olduğumuz rs7886473 gen polimorfizminin metabolik sendrom ve serum lipid düzeyleri üzerine etkisi olmadığını gösterdi. Ancak çalışmamızda incelenmiş olan ACSL4 geninde yaygın görülen yalnızca bir polimorfizmdir. Bu durum ACSL4 geninin lipid metabolizması ve/veya metabolik sendrom üzerine etkili olmadığını değerlendirmek için tek başına yeterli değildir.

Depression has become a current issue which is tried to be understood and where many researches are made on the causes of and treatment methods. According to the studies, it is important to examine the effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the diet as depression is becoming an important public health problem both in individual and social dimensions. The role of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the treatment of depression is being studied at an increasing rate due to the diagnosis of depression which has become widespread in the last decade. It has been reported in many studies that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may be effective in the treatment of depression by presenting anti-inflammatory effects, increasing membrane fluidity, altering neurotransmitter passage, affecting the activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, increasing levels of neurotrophic factors. Further research is being conducted as there is no identified side effect associated with the use of n-3 poly unsaturated fatty acids in appropriate amounts. Although the efficacy of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids has been proven by many studies, the issues of "efficacy of their use individually or in combination" and "usability as an alternative therapy in the treatment of depression" remain controversial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) is thought to be related with obesity and metabolic syndrome via lipid metabolism. We aimed to investigate the effect of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs7886473, which is a common intron variant of ACSL4 gene on metabolic syndrome and lipids in Turkish society. Materials and Methods: Metabolic syndrome (n=556) and non-metabolic syndrome (n=520) patients according to the modified NCEP ATPIII metabolic syndrome criterias were included in the study. SNPs were genotyped with Roche Light Cycler 480 Real-Time PCR and then compared between groups. Results: There was no significant difference in the genotype frequencies of the ACSL4 gene polymorphism (rs7886473) between the metabolic syndrome and the non-metabolic syndrome patient groups. There were no significant differences in serum total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglyceride levels between GG and AA genotypes either in men or women. Conclusion: This study showed that ACSL4 gene polymorphism (rs7886473) has no effect on metabolic syndrome and serum lipid levels. However, only one common SNP on the ACSL4 gene was examined in our study. In this instance, this study is not enough to determine whether ACSL4 gene is not effective on metabolic syndrome and/or lipid levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amaç: Psöriasis, artmış kardiyovasküler hastalık (KVH) riski bulunan inflamatuar deri hastalığıdır. Henüz etyolojisi tam olarak belirlenememiştir. KVH’da yağ dokusundan salgılanan resistinin serum total kolesterol, LDL, trigliserid seviyeleriyle pozitif korelasyon gösterdiği belirtilmiştir. Bizim çalışmamızda da amacımız serum resistin seviyeleriyle lipid profilinin psoriasis hastalarında ilişkisini ve Psöriazis alan şiddet endeksi (PAŞİ) ile korelasyonunu araştırmaktır. Materyal ve Metod: Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dermatoloji polikliniğine başvuran sağlıklı kişilerden kontrol grubu; grup I (n=34) ve psoriasis tanısı konulan hastalardan hasta grubu; grup II (n=37) olmak üzere iki grup oluşturuldu. Yaş, cinsiyet, tansiyon, BMI değerleri ve PAŞİ skorlaması tespit edildi. Gruplardan toplanan serum örneklerinde resistin seviyesi, lipid profiline bakıldı. Araştırma Makalesi / Research Article 282 Yılmaz ve ark.. Cukurova Medical Journal Bulgular: Psoriasis hastalarını kontrol grubuyla kıyaslandığında serum resistin seviyeleri (grup I: 6,4±2,3 ng/ml; grup II: 12,3±3,0 ng/ml), total kolesterol (grup I: 167±31 mg/dl; grup II: 189±43 mg/dl), LDL seviyeleri (grup I: 90±21 mg/dl; grup II: 129±31 mg/dl) anlamlı olarak hastalarda yüksek tespit edildi (sırasıyla p=0.001; p

Aim: Hypertension, obesity, insulin resistance and lipid levels are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The association of cardiovascular risk with C-reactive protein and homocysteine has been debated for decades. Resistin and microalbuminuria are presumed to be associated with diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease. The objective of our study was to investigate the relationship of microalbuminuria with antropometric and metabolic parameters, C-reactive protein, homocyteine and resistin in non-diabetic hypertensive females. Methods: We conducted a randomized study including 37 female non-diabetic hypertensives without microalbuminuria and 47 female non-diabetic hypertensive patients with microalbuminuria. We made comparisons of anthropometric and metabolic parameters, C-reactive protein, homocysteine, insulin resistance index and resistin between the groups. Results: C-reactive protein, homocysteine, resistin, insulin levels and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance were higher in hypertensives with microalbuminuria than in hypertensives without microalbuminuria (all p

Amaç: Gilbert"s sendromunda (GS) aterosklerotik kalp hastalığı üzerine bilirubinin koruyucu etkisi iyi bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı ürik asit (ÜA), insülin direnci, glukoz ve lipid profilleri gibi aterosklerotik risk faktörlerinin sağlıklı bireylerle karşılaştırıldığında GS"li hastalardadüşük olup olmadığı araştırmaktır. Materyal ve Metod: 34 erkek ve 38 kadın toplam 72 GS"li hasta ve benzer yaş grubunda 72 sağlıklı birey (34 erkek ve 38 kadın) bu çalışmaya dahil edildi. Her iki grupta 16-45 yaş aralığında ve sigara ve alkol tüketimi yoktu. ÜA, lipidler, glukoz, insülin ve C-reaktif protein (CRP) seviyelerine bakıldı. HOMA-İR indeks hesaplandı. Bulgular: GS"li hastalarda ÜA 4.2 ± 0.8 mg/dL, kontrol grubunda ise ÜA is 4.8 ± 1.1 mg/dL idi. GS"li hastalarda HOMA-İR 1.8 ± 0.6, kontrol grubunda ise 2.0 ± 0.4 idi. GS"li hastalarda ÜA (p < 0.001), insülin (p = 0.021), HOMA-İR (p = 0.039), trigliserid (TG) (p = 0.005), düşük dansiteli lipoprotein (DDL) (p = 0.036) ve CRP (p = 0.006) kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı düşük seviyede bulundu. İstatistiki anlamlı olmasa bile, GS"li hastalarda total kolesterol düşük bunun aksine yüksek dansiteli lipoprotein (YDL) yüksek bulundu. Sonuç: Bizim çalışmamızın sonuçları GS"li hastalarda artmış bilirubin seviyesinin düşük ÜA, insülin, DDL, TG ve artmış YDL seviyeleri ile ilişkili olduğunu gösterdi. GS"li hastalarda, düşük seviyedeki ÜA, insülin ve lipid profili kardiyoprotektif etkiye katkı sağlıyor olabilir.

Purpose: The protective effect of bilirubin on atherosclerotic heart disease in Gilbert\s syndrome (GS) is well known. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether the atherosclerotic risk factors such as uric acid (UA), insulin resistance, glucose and lipid profiles are reduced in patients with GS compared with healthy subjects. Material and Methods: Thirty-four male and 38 female a total of 72 GS patients and a similar age group of 72 healthy individuals (34 males and 38 females) were included in the study. Both groups were between 16-45 years old and all patients were were non-smokers and drinkers. The levels of UA, lipids, glucose, insulin and C-reactive protein (CRP) were examined. HOMA-IR index were estimated. Results: Even insignificantly, GS patients had lower levels of total cholesterol whereas high-density lipoprotein was found to be higher. Conclusion: Our results shown that in GS patients, increased bilirubin levels are associated with decrease in UA, insulin, LDL, TG, and increased HDL. In GS patients, low level of UA, insulin and lipid profile may be contributed to cardioprotective effect. [Cukurova Med J 2014; 39(3.000): 443-450]

Objectives: A possible link between obesity and impaired lipid metabolism is leptin, the 167-amino acid protein, secreted by adipocytes. The content of leptin in the body is closely associated with body mass index (BMI). Data obtained from studies on the association of leptin with dyslipidemia are contradictory. The level of leptin has not been studied in the ethnic Kyrgyz population previously. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between leptin and lipid parameters in a group of ethnic Kyrgyz. Study design: The study included 322 ethnic Kyrgyz (145 males, 177 females) aged ≥30 years, living in Kyrgyzstan. Measurement of anthropometric parameters (height, weight, waist circumference [WC], hip circumference [HC]) and blood pressure (BP) was done. Laboratory tests included blood glucose (fasting) in plasma, lipid profile (total cholesterol [TC], triglycerides [TG], high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein [LDL] cholesterol), and serum leptin. Results: Leptin was positively correlated with BMI, WC and TG in both sexes and with TC in males. Conclusion: Leptin is associated with BMI, WC and TG in both sexes of Kyrgyz and with TC in Kyrgyz males.

Purpose: Psoriasis is inflammatory skin disease which has increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The etiology is unknown, yet. In cardiovascular disease, resistin which is secreted from adipose tissue, was found correlated with the levels of total cholesterol and LDL. In our study, we aimed to study the relation of serum resistin and lipid levels in patients with psoriasis and correlation of Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI). Material and Methods: In Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, thirty-seven healthy subjects (group I) and thirty-four patients with psoriasis (group II) were enrolled for two groups. The age, gender, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI) and PASI were determined. The level of resistin and lipid profile were studied in serum. Results: The level of resistin in patients with psoriasis (12,3±3,0 ng/ml) was found increased compared with healthy subjects (6,4±2,3 ng/ml) (p=0.001). The level of total cholesterol and LDL were increased in patients with psoriasis compared with healthy subjects, respectively (189±43 mg/dl;129±31 mg/dl) (p<0,05; p=0,01). The level of resistin was determined correlated positively with LDL (r=0,306). The level of resistin was found strong correlated positively with PASI (r=0,669). Conclusion: The high risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with psoriasis is known. In our study, the levels of resistin, total cholesterol, LDL which increase in cardiovascular disease, was found increased in patients with psoriasis and correlated with PASI. The level of resistin may be increased with increasing severity of the disease, so that it is thought to be significant determining like the lipid profile in patients with psoriasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was analyse the effect of phlorizin application on serum lipid prophile and oxidative stres indicators in sheep. Ten non-lactating and non-pregnant sheep were used in this study. Phlorizin was subcutanously injected at a dosage of 100 mg/kg to each animal. Body weight (BW) and subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT) were measured at the beginning and at the end of the study. Hematological, biochemical parameters including lipid prohile, and oxidative stress indicators were analysed in blood samples obtained before (0th hour) and 12., 24., 48., 72. and 120th hours after the study. Urine samples were analysed at the same time intervals. Liver biopsy materials were obtained from two sheep 24 hours before and after the study for histopathological examinations. Results indicate that phlorizin significantly decreased the mean BW, SFT, total leukocyte (WBC), insulin, glucose, blood urea nitrogene (BUN), creatinin, triglyceride (TG), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total oxidative status (TOS) ve oksidative stres index (OSI) values (p<0.05), and significantly increased the mean platelets (PLT), hemoglobin (Hgb) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) values (p<0.05). Proteinuria and glycosuria were determined in urine samples. Histopathological examinations revealed a progressive decrease in cytoplasmic lipid vacuoles of hepatocytes after phlorizin administration. This study suggests that phlorizin could be proposed as an antihyperglycemic, antihiperlipidemic and antioxidant agent in sheep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Subclinical hypothyroidism is defined as a mild elevation in serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level, while serum free T4 (FT4) and free T3 (FT3) levels are within the reference range. The main problem with these patients is whether they should receive therapy or not. In many studies, positive effects of levothyroxine treatment on hypothyroidism symptoms, serum lipid levels and cardiac functions are shown. In this prospective clinical study, we aimed to evaluate the metabolic changes in newly diagnosed subclinical hypothyroidism patients who were administered thyroxine. Methods: Sixty-three newly diagnosed patients with subclinical hypothyroidism were included in the study. Randomly chosen 36 patients receiving therapy constituted the study group, while the remaining 27 patients formed the control group and were followed without any treatment. The patients were questioned for symptoms and examined thoroughly at the beginning of the study and at the end of the third month. Thyroid function tests, lipid parameters and body mass index (BMI) were determined at both the beginning and the end of the study. Results: There were 32 (88.8%) female and 4 (11.2%) male patients in the study group; mean values of age and BMI were 44.66±13.34 years and 29.96±5.99 kg/m², respectively. The control group consisted of 23 (85.2%) female and 4 (14.8%) male patients; their mean values of age and BMI were 42.51±11.66 years and 30.68±5.61 kg/m², respectively. Mean TSH levels and mean fT3 levels were significantly decreased in the third month with respect to the beginning in patients receiving treatment when compared to the control group. In the beginning, the mean levels of serum LDL cholesterol were 127.55±44.69 mg/dl and 112.37±30.43 mg/dl in the study and control groups, respectively. Mean LDL cholesterol level showed a significant increase in the control group at three-month follow-up visit (p=0.041). Discussion: In this study, we found that the symptoms of clinical hypothyroidism mostly existed in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism, and clinical and metabolic parameters improved with levothyroxine therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of two different statins and a statin/ezetimibe combination on high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) values, which were given at high doses in the early period of acute coronary syndromes. Methods: A total of 150 patients with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction and unstable angina pectoris were enrolled to our prospective, randomized, single-blind study. Patients were divided into three groups by block randomization method. One group received 20mg/day atorvastatin, one group received 10 mg/day rosuvastatin and the other group received 10 mg/day ezetimibe/simvastatin combination therapy, which was initiated within the first 24 hours of admission. Follow-up duration was 2 months . Biochemical investigations and hsCRP levels (by nephelometric method) were performed with 138 patients evaluated at baseline, 10th and 60th days of therapy. Decreases of hsCRP levels were analyzed with one-way MANOVA and repeated measures of ANOVA methods. Post-hoc Tukey HSD test was performed for finding the different group, when the difference was detected between the groups. Results: Tenth day hsCRP levels in ezetimibe/simvastatin group was significantly lower than the other groups (p<0.001). Further, after 60 days of follow-up a significant reduction was seen in hsCRP levels in ezetimib/simvastatin group (in ezetimibe/simvastatin group the mean hsCRP was reduced from 38.4±15.0 mg/L to 2.4±1.3 mg/L, in atorvastatin group the mean hsCRP was reduced from 27.3±11.7 mg/L to 4.1±2.4 mg/L and in rosuvastatin group the mean hsCRP was reduced from 22.0±6.9 mg/L to 3.6±1.7 mg/L (F (1.1, 148.2) = 746.9, p<0.01 and the difference between drugs; F (2.2, 148.2) = 32.1, p<0.01). No side effects related to drugs were seen during follow-up in all three treatment groups. Conclusion: This study showed that ezetimibe/simvastatin 10 mg/day combination treatment was superior to atorvastatin 20 mg/day and rosuvastatin 10 mg/day treatment in reducing the inflammatory markers when high dose statins was started in the early period of unstable angina and non ST elevation myocardial infarction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]